Nature Geoscience最新文献

{"title":"Atmospheric lessons from Mars","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02128-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-026-02128-5","url":null,"abstract":"Despite its thin, carbon-dioxide-rich atmosphere, Mars is proving a valuable laboratory for understanding atmospheric transport, cloud formation, and climate processes on Earth and beyond.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"19 10","pages":"1139-1139"},"PeriodicalIF":20.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-026-02128-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocean acidification reshapes phytoplankton phosphorus metabolism under phosphate-limited conditions","authors":"Bingkun Wang \u0000 (王炳坤), Yapeng Wang \u0000 (王亚鹏), Yanmin Sun \u0000 (孙艳敏), Xintong Huang \u0000 (黄馨彤), Fan Yang \u0000 (杨帆), Zhuonan Wang \u0000 (王卓楠), Hai Chi \u0000 (迟海), Shanying Tong \u0000 (佟善英), Xiao Fan \u0000 (范晓), Xiaowen Zhang \u0000 (张晓雯), Ke Sun \u0000 (孙科), Feixue Fu, Yitao Wang \u0000 (王依涛), David A. Hutchins, Guofu Chen \u0000 (陈国福), Dong Xu \u0000 (徐东), Naihao Ye \u0000 (叶乃好)","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02113-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02113-y","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) availability constrains marine productivity, yet how ocean acidification interacts with intensifying phosphate limitation remains unresolved. Here we present multi-omics analyses of >1,000 generations of experimental diatom evolution to disentangle evolutionary and acclimation-driven responses to ocean acidification under different phosphate regimes. Long-term selection under elevated CO2 produced heritable increases in growth and carbon fixation that persisted irrespective of phosphate availability. In contrast, ocean acidification-driven reductions in particulate organic phosphorus were reversed after reciprocal transfers between selection treatments under phosphate limitation, indicating acclimation and environment-dependent P allocation. Multi-omics analyses indicate that the particulate organic phosphorus decline could be attributed to depletion of cellular P reserves and enrichment of non-P cell membrane lipids under combined ocean acidification and phosphate stress. Coastal mesocosm experiments revealed similarly reduced particulate organic phosphorus in natural phytoplankton at low-phosphate stations under ocean acidification. Global meta-transcriptomes further indicate widespread upregulation of gene expression in non-P cell membrane lipid pathways in high-({p}{rm{CO}}_{2}) and low-phosphate regions. Earth system models predict a 211% to 2,185% decline in particulate organic phosphorus by 2100 under the under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP)2–4.5 or SSP5–8.5 scenarios, respectively. These results show that ocean acidification could intensify nutrient imbalance and reshape global phosphorus cycling in marine ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geothermal gradient change during subduction recorded by ultrahigh-pressure eclogite","authors":"Jan Schönig, Silvio Ferrero, Kerstin Gresky, Dominik Sorger, Axel K. Schmitt, Bernd Wunder, Suzanne L. Baldwin, Adam F. Holt","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02110-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02110-1","url":null,"abstract":"The subduction of crustal rocks to, and exhumation from, depths greater than 90 km in the stability field of the mineral coesite is known as ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism, widely regarded as evidence for cold subduction. This assumption stems from peak metamorphic conditions of ultrahigh-pressure rocks, which indicate low subduction gradients of less than 330 °C GPa−1, but direct evidence for such a cold prograde evolution is lacking. Here we report the discovery of a young ultrahigh-pressure eclogite in eastern Papua New Guinea. We find (sub)micrometre-sized inclusions of coesite in intermediate growth zones of garnet crystals and zircon inclusions revealing a U–Pb age of approximately 4.4 million years. Petrographic observations and thermo-barometric methods show that the prograde subduction path was initially warm with an apparent average gradient of approximately 470 °C GPa−1 until a depth of about 45 km, before switching to a cold thermal regime with ultrafast subduction rates of greater than 60 mm yr−1 (vertical component). This change in geothermal gradients can be explained by shear heating and/or by formation during the non-steady-state phase of a young subduction zone. We propose that high geothermal gradients at shallow levels of deep subduction systems might be common, challenging the use of peak metamorphic conditions as indicator for subduction zone thermal structures.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Committed Antarctic Ice Sheet mass loss by the end of the twenty-first century","authors":"Yucheng Lin, Xuebin Zhang, Nicholas R. Golledge, Robert E. Kopp, John A. Church, Yi Jin, Chen Zhao, Chris R. Stokes","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02102-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02102-1","url":null,"abstract":"The Antarctic Ice Sheet is the largest source of uncertainty in sea-level rise projections, with uncertainties propagating through emissions scenarios, atmosphere–ocean general circulation models, ice-sheet dynamics and sea-level physics. In ice-sheet model intercomparison exercises, these uncertainties—typically attributed to intermodel differences—stem from modelling choices that may bias ensembles towards commonly adopted approaches regardless of observational consistency. Here we quantify how each individual physical assumption cascades into projection uncertainty using a machine-learning emulation framework, which also enables Bayesian calibration against satellite observations to reduce projection bias. Our results suggest it is very likely (≥0.92 probability) that the Antarctic Ice Sheet is committed to twenty-first-century mass loss, even under aggressive emissions-reduction scenarios. Higher emissions drive greater Antarctic mass loss by 2100 (≥0.89 probability), directly elevating near-term coastal risks. Under very high-emissions scenarios, we identify cascading mechanisms that could produce up to 25.4 cm of sea-level rise by 2100 (95th percentile; median = 15.7 cm) while remaining consistent with satellite observations. Effective management of these risks to densely populated coastal communities requires rapid emissions reductions and improved constraints on climate model selection, sliding laws and ice-shelf melt parameterizations.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial extracellular residues are a major source of mineral-associated soil carbon","authors":"Peipei Qian, Yichao Wu, Jingyi Ren, Xiaoyu Cheng, Zhijun Liu, Caroline L. Peacock, Chao Liang, Xuefeng Zhu, Xiaojuan Feng, Marc A. Redmile-Gordon, Xianjin He, Ke-Qing Xiao, Yong-Guan Zhu, Ming Zhang, Ke Dai, Chunhui Gao, Chenchen Qu, Yu-Rong Liu, Wenfeng Tan, Qiaoyun Huang, Peng Cai","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02103-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02103-0","url":null,"abstract":"Soil microbes play a crucial role in soil organic carbon storage by processing plant-derived carbon and producing microbial carbon, which can accumulate over time and form a substantial fraction of the soil organic carbon stock. Whereas the contribution of microbial cellular residues, the remains of dead microbial cells, to soil carbon storage is well established, the role of extracellular residues remains poorly quantified. Here we develop an 18O-H2O isotope-tracing method to quantify the production of extracellular polymeric substances, mucus-like mixtures of sugars, proteins and other biopolymers released by microbes and apply it across a national-scale survey of cropland soils in China. We find that extracellular polymeric substances constitute a major microbial carbon input to soils, with production rates comparable to those of microbial cellular residues and they exhibit statistical associations with mineral-associated organic carbon across soils. In 13C-labelling microcosm experiments, carbon derived from extracellular polymeric substances is incorporated into the mineral-associated organic carbon pool at rates comparable to or exceeding those of microbial cellular residues. These results identify the extracellular pathway as an important and previously underappreciated mechanism contributing to the mineral-associated carbon pool and provide mechanistic insights into how microbiomes shape the fate of soil carbon under global change.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting aerosol–cloud feedbacks across a warming Arctic","authors":"Samuel De Xun Chua, Herbert G. Hartl, Matthew Boyer, Jakob Boyd Pernov, Radovan Krejci, Peter Tunved, Paul Zieger, Julia Kojoj, Andreas Massling, Henrik Skov, Lynn M. Russell, Sourita Saha, Tak Chan, Eija Asmi, Ville Vakkari, John Backman, Antti-Pekka Hyvärinen, Christina J. Williamson, Ilona Jaakkola, Mikko Sipilä, Nina Sarnela, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Martha Arbayani Zaidan, Tuukka Petäjä, Katrianne Lehtipalo","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02114-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02114-x","url":null,"abstract":"In the rapidly warming Arctic, the feedback between aerosols and clouds is a major source of uncertainty in projections of future climate. One source of this uncertainty is the role of new particle formation, which produces aerosol particles that can subsequently grow into cloud condensation nuclei, thereby influencing Arctic cloud formation. Here harmonized field aerosol observations across the Arctic spanning 2003–2024, alongside satellite-derived data, were analysed to quantify trends in new particle formation and estimate their climatic implications across the Arctic region. Three distinct aerosol regimes, with contrasting contributions of new particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei populations, were identified: the High Arctic, the Maritime Arctic and the Continental Arctic. In these three regimes, temperature-sensitivity estimates based on the intermediate future warming scenario suggest that by 2090–2100, cloud condensation nuclei concentrations associated with new particle formation activity could increase by 3–16% in the High Arctic but decline by 15–31% in the Maritime Arctic. These contrasting estimates indicate that aerosol–cloud feedbacks will evolve differently across the mosaic of Arctic aerosol regimes.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"403 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent contribution of biogenic emissions to lower stratospheric aerosols via global monsoon convections","authors":"Kai Qie,Min Shao,Yifeng Peng,Xuemei Wang,Weihua Chen,Laura L. Pan,Gregory Schill,Karen H. Rosenlof,Owen Brian Toon,Jianchun Bian,Pengfei Yu","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02115-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02115-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149049943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental simulation of water formation on Earth from dry pebble rain","authors":"Susmita Garai,Zachary D. Sharp,Peter L. Olson,Anthony M. Gargano","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02118-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02118-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149049531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global carbon dioxide flux into the surface ocean intensified by rain-induced dilution","authors":"Carson R. Witte,Christopher J. Zappa,Wade R. McGillis","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02112-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02112-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149022074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent deep-sea temperatures in the Pacific and Atlantic during the onset of Antarctic glaciation","authors":"Victoria E. Taylor,Alison M. Piasecki,Eivind O. Straume,A. Nele Meckler","doi":"10.1038/s41561-026-02106-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-026-02106-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149022076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}