Nature Geoscience最新文献_第10页

Water determines geomicrobiological impact on stone heritage 水决定了地质微生物对石头遗产的影响

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-024-01631-x

Lu Wang, Junxia Huang, Patricia Sanmartín, Patrick Di Martino, Fasi Wu, Clara Enza Urzì, Ji-Dong Gu, Xiaobo Liu

引用次数: 0

Escalation of caldera unrest indicated by increasing emission of isotopically light sulfur 同位素轻硫排放增加表明破火山口动荡升级

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-024-01632-w

S. Caliro, G. Chiodini, R. Avino, A. Carandente, E. Cuoco, M. A. Di Vito, C. Minopoli, F. Rufino, A. Santi, J. Lages, A. Mangiacapra, B. Monteleone, L. Pappalardo, Z. Taracsák, C. Tramati, S. Vizzini, A. Aiuppa

{"title":"Escalation of caldera unrest indicated by increasing emission of isotopically light sulfur","authors":"S. Caliro, G. Chiodini, R. Avino, A. Carandente, E. Cuoco, M. A. Di Vito, C. Minopoli, F. Rufino, A. Santi, J. Lages, A. Mangiacapra, B. Monteleone, L. Pappalardo, Z. Taracsák, C. Tramati, S. Vizzini, A. Aiuppa","doi":"10.1038/s41561-024-01632-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-024-01632-w","url":null,"abstract":"Calderas are depressions formed by some of the largest volcanic eruptions. Their long-lived inter-eruptive periods are occasionally interrupted by phases of unrest, in which escalating seismicity, ground deformation and gas emissions raise concerns of potential volcano reawakening. However, interpretation of such physico-chemical signals is complicated by few examples of monitored unrest that culminated into eruption and by our fragmentary understanding of the drivers and timescales of caldera reactivation. Here we show that multi-decadal gas observations at the restless Campi Flegrei caldera in Italy record an unprecedented increase in isotopically light sulfur release from fumaroles since 2018. We then use hydrothermal gas equilibria and numerical simulations of magmatic degassing to propose that such a change in sulfur emissions results from decompression-driven degassing of mafic magma at ≥6 km depth, along with some extent of sulfur remobilization from hydrothermal minerals. Examination of a global dataset indicates that, despite the diversity in eruptive behaviour and tectonic setting, increasing sulfur output may be a common process during unrest escalation at calderas generally. Hence, our observations and models of sulfur behaviour may inform interpretations of unrest and hazard assessment at reawakening calderas and hydrothermal active volcanoes worldwide. The recent increase in isotopically light sulfur emissions from Campi Flegrei (Italy) is probably the result of degassing magma at ≥6 km depth and could be an indicator of caldera reawakening generally, according to observations and simulations.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"18 2","pages":"167-174"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-024-01632-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decadal persistence of grassland soil organic matter derived from litter and pyrogenic inputs 凋落物和热原输入的草地土壤有机质的年代际持久性

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01638-y

Sam J. Leuthold, Jennifer L. Soong, Rebecca J. Even, M. Francesca Cotrufo

{"title":"Decadal persistence of grassland soil organic matter derived from litter and pyrogenic inputs","authors":"Sam J. Leuthold, Jennifer L. Soong, Rebecca J. Even, M. Francesca Cotrufo","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01638-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-025-01638-y","url":null,"abstract":"The stabilization of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) from organic inputs in soil organic matter constitutes a critical process in ecosystem biogeochemistry, yet the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Several frameworks have been proposed to explain particulate- and mineral-associated organic matter persistence, but a lack of long-term data has stymied their reconciliation. Here we present the results of an in-field incubation in a grassland in Kansas, USA, that followed 13C- and 15N-labelled plant litter and pyrogenic organic matter through the decomposition process and into soil organic matter fractions over the course of a decade. At the end of the experiment, 7.0% and 24.2% of the initial litter C and N, respectively, remained in the soil, while 60.8% and 54.4% of the initial pyrogenic organic matter C and N, respectively, remained. Litter-derived mineral-associated organic matter formed within the first year of litter decomposition, and 10-year sampling revealed that it had persisted relatively unchanged, in terms of both litter-derived C stocks and C:N ratio. These results provide further evidence that mineral-associated organic matter is stabilized via the sorption of soluble inputs and suggest that stabilization and persistence can occur largely independent of particulate organic matter dynamics. Plant litter-derived mineral-associated organic matter that formed in the first year and pyrogenic organic inputs both persist on a decadal scale in grassland soil via distinct mechanisms, according to a soil organic matter decomposition experiment.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"18 3","pages":"226-231"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-lived partial melt beneath Cascade Range volcanoes 喀斯喀特山脉火山下长期的部分融化

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-024-01630-y

Guanning Pang, Geoffrey A. Abers, Seth C. Moran, Weston A. Thelen

{"title":"Long-lived partial melt beneath Cascade Range volcanoes","authors":"Guanning Pang, Geoffrey A. Abers, Seth C. Moran, Weston A. Thelen","doi":"10.1038/s41561-024-01630-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-024-01630-y","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative estimates of magma storage are fundamental to evaluating volcanic dynamics and hazards. Yet our understanding of subvolcanic magmatic plumbing systems and their variability remains limited. There is ongoing debate regarding the ephemerality of shallow magma storage and its volume relative to eruptive output, and so whether an upper-crustal magma body could be a sign of imminent eruption. Here we present seismic imaging of subvolcanic magmatic systems along the Cascade Range arc from systematically modelling the three-dimensional scattered wavefield of teleseismic body waves. This reveals compelling evidence of low-seismic-velocity bodies indicative of partial melt between 5 and 15 km depth beneath most Cascade Range volcanoes. The magma reservoirs beneath these volcanoes vary in depth, size and complexity, but upper-crustal magma bodies are widespread, irrespective of the eruptive flux or time since the last eruption of the associated volcano. This indicates that large volumes of melts can persist at shallow depth throughout eruption cycles beneath large volcanoes. Upper-crustal magma bodies are present beneath most Cascade Range volcanoes, indicating that large volumes of melt can persist at shallow depth through eruption cycles, according to systematic seismic imaging.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"18 2","pages":"184-190"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coral bleaching and mortality overestimated in projections based on Degree Heating Months 基于升温月的预估高估了珊瑚白化和死亡率

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-024-01635-7

Robert A. B. Mason, Yves-Marie Bozec, Peter J. Mumby

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Recent uplift of Chomolungma enhanced by river drainage piracy 作者更正：最近的卓龙玛隆起因河流排水海盗而增强

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01643-1

Xu Han, Jin-Gen Dai, Adam G. G. Smith, Shi-Ying Xu, Bo-Rong Liu, Cheng-Shan Wang, Matthew Fox

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: An ongoing satellite–ring cycle of Mars and the origins of Phobos and Deimos 作者更正：火星正在进行的卫星环循环以及火卫一和火卫二的起源

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-025-01641-3

Andrew J. Hesselbrock, David A. Minton

引用次数: 0

Episodic warm climates on early Mars primed by crustal hydration 早期火星上由地壳水合作用引起的间歇性温暖气候

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-024-01626-8

Danica Adams, Markus Scheucher, Renyu Hu, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Trent B. Thomas, Robin Wordsworth, Eva Scheller, Rob Lillis, Kayla Smith, Heike Rauer, Yuk L. Yung

{"title":"Episodic warm climates on early Mars primed by crustal hydration","authors":"Danica Adams, Markus Scheucher, Renyu Hu, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Trent B. Thomas, Robin Wordsworth, Eva Scheller, Rob Lillis, Kayla Smith, Heike Rauer, Yuk L. Yung","doi":"10.1038/s41561-024-01626-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41561-024-01626-8","url":null,"abstract":"Geological records indicate that the surface of ancient Mars harboured substantial volumes of liquid water, a resource gradually diminished by processes such as the chemical alteration of crustal materials by hydration and atmospheric escape. However, how a relatively warm climate existed on early Mars to support liquid water under a fainter young Sun is debated. Greenhouse gases such as H2 in a CO2-rich atmosphere could have contributed to warming through collision-induced absorption, but whether sufficient H2 was available to sustain warming remains unclear. Here we use a combined climate and photochemical model to simulate how atmospheric chemistry on early Mars responded to water–rock reactions and climate variations, as constrained by existing observations. We find that H2 outgassing from crustal hydration and oxidation, supplemented by transient volcanic activity, could have generated sufficient H2 fluxes to transiently foster warm, humid climates. We estimate that Mars experienced episodic warm periods of an integrated duration of ~40 million years, with each event lasting ≥105 years, consistent with the formation timescale of valley networks. Declining atmospheric CO2 via surface oxidant sinks or variations in the planet’s axial tilt could have led to abrupt shifts in the planet’s redox state and transition to a CO-dominated atmosphere and cold climate. Photochemical modelling suggests that H2 outgassing from crustal hydration could have supported transient warming episodes on early Mars in a CO2-rich atmosphere with abrupt transitions to cold climate states in a CO-rich atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":19053,"journal":{"name":"Nature Geoscience","volume":"18 2","pages":"133-139"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outer planet frontier of geoscience 地球科学的外行星前沿

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-024-01627-7

引用次数: 0

Daytime heat stress is reduced by agricultural irrigation in North American cities 北美城市的农业灌溉减少了白天的热压力

IF 15.7 1区地球科学

Nature Geoscience Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-024-01618-8

引用次数: 0