pure and applied geophysics最新文献

{"title":"Multiples Suppression in Common-Offset GPR Data Based on Correlation-Predictive Deconvolution","authors":"Kuiye Wei,&nbsp;Hongbing Zhang,&nbsp;Fanxin Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03701-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03701-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a widely utilized near-surface geophysical technique. However, the interpretation of GPR data remains challenging due to the presence of coherent noise, particularly multiples. This study investigates the autocorrelation profile characteristics of fundamental surface and internal multiples in velocity-increasing media. It then introduces a predictive deconvolution parameter selection strategy based on the energy distribution of primary waves and multiples within the autocorrelation profile, with the aim of simultaneously suppressing these multiples in zero-offset data. Subsequently, this strategy is applied to non-zero common offset data for both TE and TM polarizations. The results demonstrate that setting the prediction filter length equal to the number of single-trace sampling points, combined with a prediction step length ranging from the last PP events to the first PM events, effectively suppresses both surface and internal multiples. This approach significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio and improves the accuracy of profile interpretation in GPR common offset data, as evidenced by field data validation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1617 - 1636"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal and Regional Differences in the Lightning Activity Over East and West Coasts of India","authors":"N. Umakanth,&nbsp;Rupraj Biswasharma,&nbsp;D. M. Lal,&nbsp;S. D. Pawar,&nbsp;V. Gopalakrishnan","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03700-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03700-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study analyzed lightning activity along the east and west coasts of India using Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) for a 20-year period (1995–2014). For this study, we divided the coasts into four sub-regions with 5° × 5° grid resolution: R1 &amp; R2 on the west coast (Maharashtra &amp; Goa, Kerala respectively) and R3 &amp; R4 on the east coast (Tamil Nadu &amp; Southern Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal &amp; Orissa respectively). To understand the factors influencing these different regional patterns, we investigated various meteorological parameters such as rainfall, wind, specific humidity, brightness temperature (BT), Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), lifted index (LI), K-index (KI) and total totals index (TTI). During the pre-monsoon months, R4 on the east coast and R2 (Kerala) on the west coast displayed the most lightning activity compared to other regions. However, during monsoon R3 and R4 on the east coast displayed the most lightning activity. Both coasts exhibited peaks in CAPE coinciding with peaks in lightning activity, suggesting CAPE plays a role in modulating lightning characteristics. The convergence of moisture transporting south-easterlies and westerlies potentially contributes to its high pre-monsoon lightning activity over R4. In contrast, westerly winds might influence post-monsoon activity in the western and southern regions (R2 &amp; R3). The study also revealed a potential association between regional variations in lightning activity and the width of the mixed-phase region, along with its Ice water content (IWC) and Liquid water content (LWC). Conversely, rainfall is positively correlated with higher LWC in the lower atmosphere rather than in the mixed-phase region. Our findings underscore the importance of continuous lightning monitoring in dynamic coastal regions to deepen our understanding of these natural phenomena and enhance lightning prediction and safety measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1799 - 1823"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis on Deformation Characteristics of Environmental Load at Anqiu Station","authors":"Wang Lexing,&nbsp;Zhang Xiaotong,&nbsp;Liu Qingchao,&nbsp;Jiang Ying,&nbsp;Zhao Yingang,&nbsp;Sun Qingwen,&nbsp;Zhou Hao,&nbsp;Zhai Dulin,&nbsp;Xiao Chi,&nbsp;Liu Ziwei","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03695-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03695-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Anqiu seismic monitoring station is located on the Tanlu Fault Zone in eastern China, an area where the tectonic activity of the fault has been a central focus of research and monitoring by the China Earthquake Administration. This paper investigates mass loading and tectonic deformation patterns using superconducting gravity data, GNSS data, and water level measurements from the Anqiu station, along with geophysical fluid loading products provided by the IERS Associated Product Centre Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ Potsdam. The primary objective is to understand how various loadings—such as surface hydrological, non-tidal atmospheric, non-tidal oceanic, and groundwater loading—affect gravity and deformation at this site. The results show that surface hydrological loading can induce gravity changes up to 2 µGal. A joint analysis of non-tidal atmospheric and non-tidal oceanic loads, using a infinite-layer model of vertical deformation, reveals interannual gravity variations of approximately 3 µGal, strongly correlating with residuals from superconducting gravity data, albeit with a phase shift of about 10 h. The study also finds that vertical deformation caused by non-tidal atmospheric and surface hydrological loads is of similar magnitude, both exceeding that induced by non-tidal oceanic loads, with vertical deformations significantly greater than horizontal ones. Further, GNSS-derived vertical displacement data exhibit a negative correlation with superconducting gravity residuals, although slight discrepancies remain in the detailed variations. After removing non-tidal and hydrological influences, the annual gravity variation is approximately 7 µGal. Subtracting groundwater influences leaves a residual gravity change of about 3 µGal, which may be linked to tectonic activity along the Anqiu-Juxian fault zone. These findings offer valuable insights into the geodynamics of the region and contribute to assessing potential geological hazards.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1601 - 1616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00024-025-03695-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Deformation Field Characteristics from the 2016 Kumamoto Mw 7.1 Earthquake Based on Multisource Remote Sensing Technology","authors":"Qingyun Zhang,&nbsp;Jingfa Zhang,&nbsp;Yongsheng Li,&nbsp;Bingquan Li,&nbsp;Quancai Xie,&nbsp;Sanming Luo","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03694-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03694-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Kumamoto earthquake is analyzed, mainly on the basis of InSAR data combined with strong earthquake and <span>GNSS</span> data, using a variety of joint InSAR methods and multisource data solution methods and by comprehensively considering the normalization and weighting of multisource data. The three-dimensional (3D) deformation field is determined. The results show that the joint solution with multisource data can improve the accuracy of the 3D solution deformation results to a certain extent. According to the 3D solution results, the maximum east–west deformation caused by the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake was approximately 2 m; the manifestations in the north–south direction were mainly characterized by expansion and stretching; the northwestern side subsided vertically, with a maximum subsidence of 2 m; and the southeastern side was uplifted. The horizontal deformation characteristics reveal that the earthquake was dominated by right-lateral strike-slip; the strike was NE–SW oriented, and the Futagawa fault has several normal fault properties. By analyzing the co-seismic 3D deformation field, seismogenic faults can be better understood, which provides a foundation for studying seismic mechanisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1409 - 1425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Contaminated Waters from the Fukushima Daiichi NPP Penetrate the East China Sea?","authors":"M. V. Budyansky,&nbsp;M. Yu. Uleysky,&nbsp;P. A. Fayman,&nbsp;A. A. Didov,&nbsp;M. A. Lebedeva,&nbsp;A. A. Udalov,&nbsp;T. V. Belonenko,&nbsp;Danling Tang,&nbsp;Xiaobo Yang,&nbsp;Sui Yi","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03688-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03688-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mesoscale eddies play a pivotal role in the dispersion and transport of pollutants in the ocean, influencing their horizontal and vertical distribution over vast areas. These rotating structures, ranging from tens to hundreds of kilometers in diameter, effectively trap, transport, and mix water masses, redistributing contaminants away from their sources. This study investigates the southward transport mechanisms of contaminated waters released from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), particularly near the Kuroshio Current. Using advanced Lagrangian modeling, we analyze the influence of mesoscale eddies, cross-jet transport, and interactions with adjacent water masses on the movement of pollutants into regions south of the Kuroshio. The findings reveal that the Kuroshio Current captures contaminated waters, forming cyclonic rings that detach and drive pollution southwestward. This process is further enhanced by the dissipation of cyclonic eddies, which facilitate the spread of contaminants toward the eastern periphery of the current. Cross-jet advection, resulting from the weakening of the Kuroshio near Taiwan, also contributes to westward transport. Additionally, the influence of East Asian monsoons introduces a 6-month recurrence cycle, sustaining long-term pollutant flux and promoting stable accumulation in the region. Three key mechanisms are identified for the successful transport of Lagrangian particles from FDNPP to the East China Sea: cross-jet transport in the Kuroshio Extension, leading to cyclonic ring formation, southwestward advection of these rings or their daughter eddies, and specific Kuroshio flow regimes allowing east-to-west pollutant transport.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1843 - 1860"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Characterization in Landslide-Prone Areas Using Ground Shear Strain Based on Active and Passive Source Surface Wave Methods","authors":"Ozgenc Akin,&nbsp;Nilgun Sayil","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03696-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03696-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Black Sea Region in Türkiye, particularly Degirmendere Valley in Trabzon, is highly susceptible to landslides due to steep slopes and heavy rainfall. This study focuses on predicting landslide behavior which is highly important by characterizing soil conditions in both active and paleo-landslide areas using surface wave methods. The shear wave velocity was determined using the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) and Rayleigh Wave Ellipticity (RWE) techniques. Additionally, soil parameters like predominant period, frequency, and amplification were obtained using Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) and Standard Spectral Ratio (SSR) methods. Ground shear strains (GSS), which indicate landslide susceptibility, were also calculated. Results show that landslide-prone areas were classified as D (NEHRP). These areas indicate predominant periods of 0.83–1.35 s, site amplifications of 5–6, Vs₃₀ values between 279–458 m/s, and GSS ranging from 10^–1 to 10^–2. In contrast, non-landslide-prone areas were classified as C (NEHRP), with predominant periods of 0.12–0.53 s, lower amplifications of 1–2, Vs₃₀ values between 300 and 782 m/s, and GSS of 10^–3–10^–4. This data is critical for understanding and mitigating landslide risks in the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1579 - 1600"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00024-025-03696-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 28th February 1969 Earthquake and Tsunami in the Atlantic Iberian Margin","authors":"M. A. Baptista,&nbsp;J. M. Miranda,&nbsp;R. Omira","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03689-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03689-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On the 28th February1969, a massive earthquake stroke SW Iberia and NE Morocco triggering a tsunami recorded in more than 20 tide stations. The event occurred in the SW Iberian margin, the same seismogenic area of the 1st November 1755 mega event. Several studies were developed in the last 55 years to address its earthquake mechanism and the corresponding tsunami source. In some cases, the study of the 1969 event was also the base for inferences regarding the 1755 earthquake and indirectly to give some light on tsunamigenic processes related with the SW Iberian margin. In this study, we present a comprehensive review of the tsunami data and modelling, taking advantage from the great improvement that occurred on the quality of the bathymetric data, particularly on the shallow areas close to the tide stations. We used a larger set of tide-records than previous studies. All records were digitized from the original mareograms and processed according to modern standards. We address the possible landslide triggered at the NW coast of Morocco as the explanation of the tsunami observation at Casablanca. The new dataset combining both the earthquake and the landslide sources allows a better relocation of the tsunami source, enabling a quantitative comparison of the different source scenarios that have been developed for seismological research. The simulations presented here suggest that a thrust fault of 85 km × 20 km verging to the southeast is the best candidate to be responsible for the 1969 earthquake. The trace of this deep fault follows the one of the “Horseshoe Fault”, a northwest verging structure interpreted from the multichannel seismic data. Moreover, this deep structure may be accountable for both the 1969 event and the later 12th February 2007 M6 earthquake. Even more, the “Deep Horseshoe Fault” is a strong candidate to be the source of the 1st November 1755 event up to now elusive to multiple geological and geophysical studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1363 - 1380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00024-025-03689-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiently Modelling Magnetic Fields of the Tesseroid and its Application to Investigate Impacts of Earth’s Curvature on Forward Calculation","authors":"Changqing Yuan,&nbsp;Jinsong Du,&nbsp;Jiangsong Gui,&nbsp;Liang Yin,&nbsp;Chao Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03690-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03690-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the continually accumulated magnetic measurements and the gradually reliable global models of the lithospheric magnetic field by several advanced satellites (such as CHAMP, <i>Swarm</i>, CSES-1 and MSS-1), now present a requirement and also a challenge to develop realistic forward modelling methods for magnetic fields (i.e., the magnetic potential and its derivatives) that take the curvature of the Earth into account. The spatial discretization by a set of elementary tesseroids is generally utilized to approximate the complex magnetized source in spherical domain by the principle of superposition and saturate the source volume without “holes”. Since there is no analytic solution for magnetic fields of the tesseroid (except for the special points located on the polar axis), the numerical solution is the efficient way, where the Gauss–Legendre quadrature (GLQ) is usually employed. However, the required computation becomes notably time-consuming when the geometric sizes of the tesseroids are very large or the distances between the tesseroids and the observation points are very close, that is, the distance-to-size ratio (DSR) is quite small. Moreover, in an actual application, the DSRs vary with relative distances between source locations and observation points and hence are often non-uniform. Therefore, in order to reduce the computational time while maintaining a desired accuracy (i.e., relative percentage error) of each observation point, an efficient forward modelling scheme is employed. The key point of this scheme is the adoption of a new simple and efficient adaptive subdivision method. It is an equidistant subdivision method based on the longest side length, rather than recursion or stacking. By comparing the number of subdivided tesseroids, this method demonstrates its ability to avoid over-subdivision and perform more efficient calculations compared to the recursive method, because it adopts a new priori termination condition for subdivision rather than the traditional posteriori way. We obtain the required DSRs with errors of 0.1% and 0.01% through numerical simulation. At the same time, we package this scheme and release the open-source forward calculation software written by the C++ programming. Then, the analytical solution of the global homogeneous spherical shell using Runcorn’s theorem is utilized to test our newly proposed method. As a practical application, the impacts of Earth’s curvature on forward modelling of the magnetic fields are investigated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1473 - 1488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameter Estimates of Magnetic Dipole Source Using Extended Two-Dimensional Orthonormal Basis Functions","authors":"Naizheng Liu,&nbsp;Tao Wang,&nbsp;Songlin Peng,&nbsp;Yongdong Li,&nbsp;Ji Cai,&nbsp;Guangyou Fang","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03677-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03677-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We have proposed an alternative method for calculating the six parameters (three position parameters and three magnetic moment parameters) of a magnetic dipole source using extended two-dimensional orthonormal basis functions (2D-OBFs). In this method, a 2D-OBF decomposition is performed on the total-field anomaly generated by the magnetic dipole to obtain parameters defined as energy. The horizontal position estimate of the dipole is determined by identifying the peak of the energy distribution. By using peaks corresponding to two different initial vertical distance estimates (the distance from the dipole to the observation plane), the final vertical distance estimate can be analytically calculated. The magnetic moment vector is then obtained by solving the corresponding analytical equation. Thus, all six magnetic dipole parameters can be calculated simultaneously. We comprehensively demonstrated the characteristics and effectiveness of the proposed method through testing with synthetic and field data. Additionally, we conducted a comparative analysis to evaluate the similarities and differences between the proposed method and the Euler deconvolution method in field data testing. Although the 2D-OBF method requires further practical application testing, we are confident in its potential for detecting magnetic dipole sources, particularly in providing reliable initial parameter estimates for iterative optimization inversion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1427 - 1443"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic and Radiometric Signatures of Carbonatite Complexes from the Western Reguibat Alkaline Province (West African Craton, Moroccan Sahara): Tectonic and Weathering Implications","authors":"Oualid El Amraoui,&nbsp;Mustapha Boujamaoui,&nbsp;Abdellah Nait Bba,&nbsp;Ibtissam Rezouki,&nbsp;Abdelmounaim Fahim,&nbsp;Hassane Sahbi,&nbsp;Mamadou Diallo,&nbsp;Hassan Ibouh,&nbsp;João Mata,&nbsp;Telmo M. Bento dos Santos,&nbsp;Nasrrddine Youbi,&nbsp;My Ahmed Boumehdi","doi":"10.1007/s00024-025-03693-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00024-025-03693-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Western Reguibat Alkaline Province comprises rare earth elements (REE) and niobium (Nb)-bearing carbonatites complexes of different ages hosted by the peri-cratonic Ouled Dlim Massif located in the southernmost regions of the Moroccan Sahara, adjacent to the West African Craton. This alkaline province includes the Cretaceous Twihinat-Lamlaga-Lahjeyra carbonatite complexes (TC-LmC-LhC) that have intruded the Massif during the Middle Cretaceous Peri-Atlantic Alkaline Pulse. Their emplacement is argued to be controlled by tectonics, though no structural evidences were presented due to recent sediments covering them. In this study, we aim to explain their emplacement control and assess the weathering processes they underwent based on the interpretation of airborne magnetic and radiometric data. Magnetic data reveal that the TC-LmC-LhC aligns with NNE-trending magnetic lineaments, which are interpreted as dikes related to the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. This alignment is explained by tectonic reactivation of these NNE-trending dikes by a N-trending shortening during the Lower-Middle Cretaceous, leading to opening of pull-apart structures via a strike-slip motion, creating areas of emplacement for the studied carbonatite complexes. Radiometric data indicate a widespread weathering across the entire western margin of the Ouled Dlim Massif and its associated carbonatite complexes, primarily controlled by the hydrographic network. Our findings suggest that major streams might be promising targets for REE-Nb exploration, given their potential to contain substantial amounts of placer-type REE-Nb deposits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21078,"journal":{"name":"pure and applied geophysics","volume":"182 4","pages":"1445 - 1472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}