Powder Technology最新文献

CFD-DEM study on effect of particle property on solid-liquid two-phase flow structure in a centrifugal pump under stall conditions

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121003

Yong Wang , Ming Li , Jie Chen , Jianing Lei , Zhenyu Tao , Qiang Xu , Houlin Liu

{"title":"CFD-DEM study on effect of particle property on solid-liquid two-phase flow structure in a centrifugal pump under stall conditions","authors":"Yong Wang , Ming Li , Jie Chen , Jianing Lei , Zhenyu Tao , Qiang Xu , Houlin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the solid-liquid two-phase flow characteristics in a centrifugal pump under stall conditions, with a particular focus on the influence of particle property. A CFD-DEM coupled approach is used to simulate the interaction between liquid and particles. The blockage intensity and pressure pulsation under varying particle concentrations and sizes are analyzed in detail. Entropy theory is used to evaluate the energy loss due to the combined effects of liquid and particles. The results indicate that the severity of stall significantly influences the flow structure. While the primary frequency of pressure pulsation in the impeller is the shaft frequency (<em>f</em><sub>n</sub>), stall vortices induce strong secondary frequency pulsation with a characteristic frequency of 0.11<em>f</em><sub>n</sub>. Compared to the critical stall condition, the blockage intensity is 10 % higher than that under the deep stall condition. Furthermore, the pressure pulsation amplitude and entropy generation are also significantly higher under the deep stall condition. However, the influence of particle concentration and size on flow structure is less pronounced than that of the stall severity. Increased particle concentration and size leads to slight increases in blockage intensity, pressure pulsation amplitude, and entropy generation, with concentration exhibiting a greater impact than size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 121003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The settling behaviour and rheological properties of microbubble-laden froth

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120999

Liang Cao, Yongjun Peng

{"title":"The settling behaviour and rheological properties of microbubble-laden froth","authors":"Liang Cao, Yongjun Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In resource processing plants, dewatering froth concentrates is typically challenging due to the strong network structure of particles formed at the plateau borders of stable froth as observed in previous studies. However, these studies have overlooked the impact of bubbles which are essential components of froth. Given the unique properties of microbubbles, such as their ability to reduce the diffusion rate of core gas and withstand mechanical stresses, the objectives of this study were to determine whether microbubbles exist in stable froth and to assess their effect on froth settling. Through settling tests and microscopy analysis, we confirmed the presence of microbubbles (<100 μm) alongside macrobubbles (>100 μm) in stable froth. The results revealed that macrobubble-laden froth readily coalesced during settling, whereas microbubble-laden froth maintained its integrity and moved upwards. Structural analysis further demonstrated that microbubble-laden froth, in contrast to macrobubble-laden froth, was densely packed with finer particles. The small radii of the microbubbles enhanced capillary forces, promoting particle adhesion to bubble surfaces and reducing the likelihood of particle detachment. In addition, amplitude sweep analysis in the oscillatory rheology measurement discovered that the unsettled microbubble-laden froth exhibited a wider linear viscoelastic (LVE) range and lower complex modulus (G*), indicating the froth possessing greater structural resilience with less rigidity under deformation. Meanwhile, frequency sweep analysis discovered lower storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) values of the unsettled microbubble-laden froth, suggesting that the froth, despite displaying a solid-like behaviour, was characterized by weaker particle interactions and a softer structural framework. These results indicated that the microbubble-laden froth possessed greater adaptability and structural compliance, enabling it to maintain integrity during the settlement process as the root cause of the difficult settling of stable froth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120999"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Activated carbon/superporous hydrogel composite-based polymer desiccants for capturing water vapor from humid air

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121001

Mubinul Islam , Hemant Mittal , Ali Al Alili , Saeed Alhassan , Vaneet Kumar , Md Islam

{"title":"Activated carbon/superporous hydrogel composite-based polymer desiccants for capturing water vapor from humid air","authors":"Mubinul Islam , Hemant Mittal , Ali Al Alili , Saeed Alhassan , Vaneet Kumar , Md Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The removal of water vapor from the atmosphere is crucial across various industries, and high-performance porous solid desiccants can enhance sustainable practices. Traditional desiccants like silica gel have limitations, including low adsorption capacity and high regeneration temperatures. This study introduces superporous hydrogel (SPH) composites made from acrylic acid and dimethyl acrylamide, with porous activated carbon from sunflower seed shells as fillers. We characterized the desiccants using techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TGA. The water vapor adsorption isotherm for both SPH and the composite displayed type-III isotherms, indicating capillary condensation as the main adsorption mechanism. The composite SPH achieved a maximum water vapor adsorption capacity of 0.908 g<sub>wat</sub>/g<sub>ads</sub> at 0.9 relative pressure and 25 °C, surpassing the pristine SPH by 19 %. Durability tests showed the composite retained 93 % efficiency after ten cycles, compared to 86 % for the pristine SPH, demonstrating its enhanced reusability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 121001"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compaction behavior and residual height ratio of crushed coal gangue under varying support conditions: Experimental analysis and model comparison

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120970

Changxiang Wang , Weiwei Cao , Peng Kong , Qinghai Li , Wenqiang Mu , Yingdi Yang , Ning Jiang

{"title":"Compaction behavior and residual height ratio of crushed coal gangue under varying support conditions: Experimental analysis and model comparison","authors":"Changxiang Wang , Weiwei Cao , Peng Kong , Qinghai Li , Wenqiang Mu , Yingdi Yang , Ning Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resource utilization of coal gangue and safe recovery of residual coal pillars are the key issues for the green and long-term development of coal mines. The purpose of this study is to explore the compaction characteristics of broken gangue under different supporting conditions and its filling application in goaf. Through the experimental observation and data analysis of the compaction process of broken gangue, the variation law of residual height and residual height ratio under different conditions was studied. The experimental findings demonstrate that the residual height ratio effectively captures the relationship between residual height and the high diameter ratio. In unsupported scenarios, a lower high diameter ratio corresponds to a more favorable stable configuration. Specifically, when this ratio falls below 0.4, the residual height ratio exhibits a substantial increase. Conversely, under supported conditions, the compaction of crushed gangue proceeds in a continuous manner, resulting in enhanced residual height and a notable improvement in the residual height ratio as can to 0.8. The comparative analysis of fitting outcomes reveals that the Terzaghi model exhibits superior aptitude in capturing the compressive deformation characteristics of crushed gangue across varying scenarios, as compared to the Salamon model. This research contribution not only strengthens the theoretical foundation but also offers valuable practical insights for the implementation of coal mine gangue partial filling techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120970"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A resolved and unresolved discrete element method coupled with volume of fluid method

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120993

Qing Yang , Zunjiang Wang , Tao Yang , Bo Chen , Linmin Li , Zhe Lin

{"title":"A resolved and unresolved discrete element method coupled with volume of fluid method","authors":"Qing Yang , Zunjiang Wang , Tao Yang , Bo Chen , Linmin Li , Zhe Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To overcome the challenges in modeling the complex gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow containing multiscale particles and multiple fluids with sharp interfaces, a resolved and unresolved coupled discrete element method (DEM) is developed and incorporated in an optimized volume of fluid (VOF) method to implement a multiscale gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow solver. In this study, solid particles in different scales are divided into two simulation strategies, where big particles above the scale threshold are resolved using the immersed boundary-discrete element method (IB-DEM) while small particles are solved using the unresolved DEM. For coupling between unresolved DEM and VOF, several volume-averaging methods are also employed for particles close to the grid size and different cases are conducted to validate the volume conservation as well as the momentum coupling strategy. For IB-DEM-VOF coupling, simulations are also conducted to validate the accuracy of the resolved method and a fluid-velocity delay method is used for large particles passing through the interface. Finally, experimental test cases of gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow with particles having varying scales are simulated by the resolved-unresolved DEM-VOF (R-U-DEM-VOF) coupled solver, obtaining good agreements and indicating the suitability and accuracy of the model and solver.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120993"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clean and high-value recycling approach for waste concrete powder: Mechano-chemical activation of pozzolanic activity

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120988

Qiang Gao , Xi-guang Li , Xiao-dong Shi , Xin-long Li , Xian-jun Lyu , Xiang-nan Zhu , Yang-guang Ren

{"title":"Clean and high-value recycling approach for waste concrete powder: Mechano-chemical activation of pozzolanic activity","authors":"Qiang Gao , Xi-guang Li , Xiao-dong Shi , Xin-long Li , Xian-jun Lyu , Xiang-nan Zhu , Yang-guang Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the precipitous advancement of the construction industry, the resource utilization of construction waste has attracted extensive attention worldwide. In this study, the effect of mechano-chemical coupling activation on the activation of recycled concrete powder (RCP) pozzolanic activity was explored. Firstly, the effect of mechanical activation on the particle size characteristics and specific surface area (SSA) of RCP was analyzed. The D<sub>50</sub> of RCP attains 7.03 μm and the SSA reaches 1429.8 m<sup>2</sup>/kg after 120 min of grinding, indicating that mechanical activation enhanced the reactivity of RCP. Subsequently, the effects of mechanical activation time and alkali activation on the macroscopic properties of recycled concrete powder-based geopolymer (RCBG) were analyzed to indirectly determine the pozzolanic reactivity of RCP. The maximum compressive strength of RCBG can reach 4.475 MPa at 28 d when the RCP is milled for 120 min and the addition amounts of both CaO and CaSO₄ are 5 %. The pozzolanic activity of RCP is positively correlated with the mechanical milling time, and the excessive addition of alkali activators is detrimental to the development of compressive strength. Conclusively, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric-differential thermogravimetric (TG-DTG), and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy-energy spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were used to analyze the hydration mechanism of RCBG. XRD and TG analyses show that the presence of CaO and CaSO<sub>4</sub> is favorable to increase the generation amount of hydration products (C-(A)-S-H gel and ettringite), and dense microstructures are formed, thus improving the strength of RCBG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120988"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electro-mechanical insights into the mixing of conductive and non-conductive sands at an interface

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120991

Chao Zhang , Sadaf Maramizonouz , Changrong Yang , David Milledge , Roger Lewis , Sadegh Nadimi

{"title":"Electro-mechanical insights into the mixing of conductive and non-conductive sands at an interface","authors":"Chao Zhang , Sadaf Maramizonouz , Changrong Yang , David Milledge , Roger Lewis , Sadegh Nadimi","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the electrical behaviour of an electrically conductive sand particle when mixed with non-conductive silica sand, commonly used in the railway industry. Laboratory tests and numerical simulations are conducted to assess the effect of mixing on the electrical conduction properties at the metal-to-metal interface under mechanical loading. Results from compression tests demonstrate that mixing with even 5 % mass of conductive particles can significantly reduce electrical resistance at the interface; however, the decrease in electrical resistance gradually slows down when the mixing ratio of conductive particles exceeds 10 %. Discrete element modelling of high pressure torsion tests – enhanced with a newly proposed electro-mechanical contact model – reveal that fine conductive particles are more effective than coarse particles in reducing interfacial electrical resistance at equal mixing ratios. A heatmap is proposed to estimate the percentage of conductive particles required to bring the resistance of the interface below the critical threshold of 10 Ω for track circuit, which links the resistivity of various conductive particles with their required mixing ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120991"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational fluid dynamics simulation of the hydrodynamic and particle suspension performance of a novel channel impeller

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120994

Mingyu Chen , Xin Huang , Richard Lakerveld , Mingpu Yuan , Yifu Zhang , Shyam Lamichhane , Qiyun Luo , Jinshen Ren , Ting Wang , Na Wang , Hongxun Hao

{"title":"Computational fluid dynamics simulation of the hydrodynamic and particle suspension performance of a novel channel impeller","authors":"Mingyu Chen , Xin Huang , Richard Lakerveld , Mingpu Yuan , Yifu Zhang , Shyam Lamichhane , Qiyun Luo , Jinshen Ren , Ting Wang , Na Wang , Hongxun Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impeller optimization is essential to improve the performance of stirred tanks, which are widely used in the chemical industry. In this study, a novel channel impeller was developed by eliminating blades from conventional impellers to optimize mixing efficiency. By employing Eulerian-Eulerian model and the standard k-ε turbulence model, the hydrodynamic and particle suspension performance of this novel impeller were compared with traditional impellers (pitched blade impeller, propeller, and Rushton). The results reveal that the novel impeller significantly reduces power consumption and power number, while generating a flow pattern characterized by strong radial flows and a complex multi-peak axial velocity profile. Moreover, regions of high turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent energy dissipation rate are more concentrated and symmetrical, thereby improving local mixing efficiency. Notably, the novel impeller achieves a more uniform pressure and stress distribution, offering potentially better fluid dynamics performance and greater durability in practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120994"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of mean residence time in novel U-type fluidized bed reactor: Model prediction and experimental validation

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120992

Zhidong Tang , Shaokai Cheng , Peng Gao , Yuexin Han , Yanjun Li

{"title":"Study of mean residence time in novel U-type fluidized bed reactor: Model prediction and experimental validation","authors":"Zhidong Tang , Shaokai Cheng , Peng Gao , Yuexin Han , Yanjun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluidized bed roasting exhibits excellent application prospects for processing refractory iron ores, with the residence time of hematite powders in reactor being a critical factor that affects roasted product quality. In this study, a model for the mean residence time of materials in a U-type reactor was established and validated through cold experiment system. The effects of fluidization chamber airflow, supply chamber airflow and delivery rate were explored with different particle size of hematite. The results showed that the mean residence time of hematite powders predicted by the model and obtained from the experimental data decreased gradually with the increase of the fluidization chamber airflow, supply chamber airflow, and delivery rate. 70 groups of mean residence times for different working conditions matched very well with the model-predicted, with an error margin of less than ±8.58 %, which confirmed the validity of the proposed model. This model holds significant importance for regulating and optimizing the operational parameters of hematite during suspension roasting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120992"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CFD-DEM analysis of gas-solid-solid three-phase flow in a moving bed pyrolysis reactor

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120948

Tong Zhang , Dongsheng Jiao , Xiaoyu Wang, Liangzhi Xia

{"title":"CFD-DEM analysis of gas-solid-solid three-phase flow in a moving bed pyrolysis reactor","authors":"Tong Zhang , Dongsheng Jiao , Xiaoyu Wang, Liangzhi Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrolysis is an effective method for the clean and resourceful utilization of oil sludge. A solid heat carrier moving bed pyrolysis process can efficiently pyrolyze oil sludge, and the introduction of carrier gas can reduce secondary cracking, resulting in high-quality pyrolysis products. The flow and mixing uniformity of oil sludge particles with the heat carriers, as well as the uniformity of carrier gas flow, directly impact the efficiency of oil sludge particle pyrolysis. In this study, the flow and mixing characteristics of gas-solid-solid three-phase fluid in a cold moving bed were investigated using the coupled discrete element method (DEM) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on the Euler-Euler-Lagrange multiphase flow model. The results indicated that a higher the mass ratio of heat carriers to oil sludge particles leads to better mixing uniformity of the mixture, while a lower mass ratio results in better flow uniformity of the particles. An increase in the volume of carrier gas initially improves the uniformity of particle flow but subsequently deteriorates it; conversely, a smaller volume of carrier gas enhances the mixing uniformity of the mixture. A smaller mass ratio of the heat carriers and a smaller volume of carrier gas lead to a more uniform distribution of carrier gas flow within the moving bed. The optimal conditions were found to be a mass ratio of oil sludge particles to heat carriers of 1:1 and a carrier gas flow rate of 7.5 L/min, which yielded the best flow mixing effect for oil sludge particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0