Microbial Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Unlocking Enhanced Efficacy of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Patrick Ofori Tawiah,&nbsp;Sadia Sultana,&nbsp;Jan-Ulrik Dahl","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Infectious diseases continue to be a global health burden. Among the major human pathogens is the Gram-negative bacterium <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, which is particularly due to its wide range of drug resistance mechanisms. Aminoglycosides, which have long been used in treating pseudomonal infections, are increasingly undermined by resistance. This opinion article discusses the use and challenges of aminoglycosides against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and highlights recent strategies that enhance aminoglycoside efficacy. These include combinational therapies, metabolic stimulants/adjuvants, silver, and more recently developed derivatives such as AGXX, many of which have been reported to potentiate the cytotoxic effects of aminoglycosides and re-sensitise aminoglycoside-resistant strains. While these findings pave the way for future therapies, the clinical relevance of many in vitro studies remains to be investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amino Acids From Root Exudates Induce Bacillus Spore Germination to Enhance Root Colonisation and Plant Growth Promotion","authors":"Lili Tao,&nbsp;Xinli Sun,&nbsp;Pascale B. Beauregard,&nbsp;Taimeng Tan,&nbsp;Yuling Zhang,&nbsp;Jiyu Xie,&nbsp;Guidong Huang,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Youzhi Miao,&nbsp;Qirong Shen,&nbsp;Zhihui Xu,&nbsp;Ruifu Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70172","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Strains of <i>Bacillus</i> species, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, have been commercialised as biofertilisers; they are ideal for this because these species form spores that can be stored stably for a long time. However, for these spores to exert their full beneficial effects, they must germinate. The specific germination signals in the rhizosphere, particularly those from plant root exudates, remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the germination signals from different growth states of cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i>) for spores of <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> SQR9 and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> NCIB 3610. We identified the corresponding germination receptors and compared them biochemically between the <i>Bacillus</i> species. Larger plants better stimulated spore germination. Five amino acids—L-isoleucine, L-ornithine, L-valine, L-serine and β-alanine were—identified as spore germination signals. Combined application of a mixture of these amino acids with bacterial spores markedly enhanced the cucumber growth-promoting properties of <i>B. velezensis</i> SQR9. The germination receptor for these amino acids was GerA in both <i>Bacillus</i> species. Differences in spore germination efficiency between <i>B. subtilis</i> and <i>B. velezensis</i> may be attributable to variations in the GerA ligand-recognition sites. Expression of GerA from <i>B. subtilis</i> NCIB 3610 in <i>B. velezensis</i> SQR9 enhanced the spore germination rate of the latter. Our study highlights the pivotal role of amino acids in regulating spore germination of <i>Bacillus</i> and subsequent plant root colonisation, emphasising their potential to enhance the efficacy of <i>Bacillus</i>-based biofertilisers. Engineering of germination receptors is a promising approach to enhance the spore germination efficiency of biofertiliser strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Colonisation Ability of Human Faecal Microbiome Transplantation Strategies in Murine Models","authors":"Bon-Hee Gu,&nbsp;Ho Young Jung,&nbsp;Chae-Yun Rim,&nbsp;Tae-Yong Kim,&nbsp;Sang-Jin Lee,&nbsp;Doo Young Choi,&nbsp;Han-Ki Park,&nbsp;Myunghoo Kim","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70173","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and influencing immune-mediated diseases. Human faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is often employed in murine models to investigate the role of human microbes in disease regulation, but methods for effective colonisation require refinement. This study aimed to assess the colonisation efficiency of human microbiota in a murine model using FMT with human faeces, focusing particularly on the impact of gut microbiota depletion via polyethylene glycol (PEG) and comparing oral-gastric gavage with enema administration routes. Our findings revealed that PEG-induced depletion enhanced human microbiome colonisation in mice. Oral-gastric gavage prolonged colonisation, while enema administration facilitated quicker resolution of dysbiosis, both inducing selective human microbial colonisation in a time-dependent manner. Notably, genera such as <i>Bacteroides</i>, <i>Blautia</i>, <i>Medicaternibacter</i> and <i>Bifidobacteria</i> were successfully colonised, whereas <i>Roseburia</i>, <i>Anaerostipes</i>, <i>Anaerobutyricum</i> and <i>Faecalibacterium</i> failed to establish in the murine gut post-FMT. These findings highlight the challenges of replicating human gut microbiota in murine models and underscore the importance of selecting appropriate FMT methods based on desired outcomes. This study provides valuable insights into the colonisation dynamics of human microbiota in mice, contributing to the development of more effective FMT strategies for disease treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Halogenated Anilines Against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and ESKAPE Pathogens","authors":"Bharath Reddy Boya,&nbsp;Jin-Hyung Lee,&nbsp;Jintae Lee","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC) is one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections and urinary tract infections (UTIs), capable of inducing a spectrum of conditions ranging from acute bladder cystitis to chronic pyelonephritis. The virulence arsenal of UPEC includes factors, such as curli fimbriae, hemolysin, motility elements and metallophores. Moreover, UPEC can form biofilm-like communities and quiescent intracellular reservoirs within host tissues, contributing to recurrent and persistent infections. This study investigates the antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of two halogen-substituted aniline derivatives, 4-bromo-3-chloroaniline (4B3CA) and 3,5-dibromoaniline (3,5-DBA), against UPEC. The compounds demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 200 μg/mL for 4B3CA and 100 μg/mL for 3,5-DBA, with both exhibiting a biofilm inhibition IC50 value of 10 μg/mL. Additionally, these derivatives showed antibiofilm activity against ESKAPE pathogens. Treatment with 4B3CA and 3,5-DBA led to significant downregulation of UPEC virulence- and biofilm-related genes, including those involved in curli production, fimbrial adhesion, motility, iron acquisition, quiescent colony formation, and stress response. Interestingly, a mild upregulation of <i>hlyA</i>, <i>csrA</i> and <i>uvrY</i> was noted, alongside a marked downregulation of the adenylate cyclase genes <i>cyaA</i> and <i>crp</i>. These findings suggest that inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity may be a primary mode of action, leading to both antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects. The presence of halogen atoms in these compounds appears to enhance their binding affinity to adenylate cyclase through stabilising halogen bond interactions. Furthermore, 3D-QSAR analysis indicates that electrostatic favourability at the third and fourth positions of the aniline ring is critical for bioactivity. Finally, in silico ADMET profiling and cytotoxicity assessments using <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> suggest that these aniline derivatives hold promise as therapeutic candidates, warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of β-Xylosidase and Endoxylanase Activities in Talaromyces amestolkiae by Genetic Manipulation of the Transcriptional Activator XlnR","authors":"Ana Pozo-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Peñalva,&nbsp;Jorge Barriuso,&nbsp;Eduardo A. Espeso,&nbsp;María Jesús Martínez","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70166","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ascomycete <i>Talaromyces amestolkiae</i> is a promising source of glycosyl hydrolases for hemicellulose degradation, as it contains a considerably higher number of genes encoding these enzymes than other fungi exploited for plant biomass valorisation. The development of genetic engineering tools could further improve its biotechnological potential. We report here a transformation system for <i>T. amestolkiae</i> based on pyrimidine auxotrophy complementation, which was used to successfully introduce both integrative and autonomously replicating plasmids. Then, we applied this tool to force the expression of the transcriptional activator XlnR, generating an engineered strain with enhanced β-xylosidase (1.4-fold) and endoxylanase (2.0-fold) activities compared to the wild-type cultured on xylan. Markedly larger improvements were obtained after introducing Ala788Val or Val785Phe substitutions in XlnR, achieving 3.3-fold and 3.9-fold increases in β-xylosidase and endoxylanase activities, respectively, in the case of XlnR^V785F. This recombinant strain also displays a partial deregulation of the hemicellulolytic system when cultivated on glucose and glycerol (a low-cost and renewable substrate), yielding notably higher production of β-xylosidases (16.9-fold and 13.8-fold) and endoxylanases (31.9-fold and 22.7-fold) than the wild-type. Increased efficiencies of XlnR^V785F enzymatic crudes in xylan saccharifications showed the potential of XlnR engineering to develop robust <i>T. amestolkiae</i> strains for the valorisation of hemicellulosic residues.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofertilizer Industry and Research Developments in China: A Mini-Review","authors":"Xinli Sun,&nbsp;Zhihui Xu,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Youzhi Miao,&nbsp;Chao Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoli Ma,&nbsp;Qirong Shen,&nbsp;Ruifu Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reliance on chemical fertilizers has significantly boosted food production in China, but it has also led to soil degradation, environmental pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. To address these pressing issues, the Chinese government has launched various initiatives to reduce chemical fertilizer consumption and promote biofertilizers as effective alternatives to enhance soil fertility and mitigate environmental pollution. Biofertilizers promote crop growth by providing or activating essential nutrients, suppressing plant pathogens, improving soil health, and increasing resilience to abiotic stresses. The growing adoption of biofertilizers in China is reflected in the registration of more than 10,000 products, an annual production exceeding 35 million tons, and a market value of over US$5.5 billion, indicating a significant shift towards sustainable agricultural practices. Despite this progress, challenges such as the dominance of nitrogen fertilizers, inconsistent product performance, and the need for cultivar-specific microbial inoculants remain. Foundational research on the microbial genera utilised in biofertilizers, including nitrogen-fixing genera <i>Rhizobium</i>, <i>Paenibacillus</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas</i>, the widely used genus, <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Trichoderma</i>, as well as multipurpose synthetic communities, is essential for overcoming these obstacles and enhancing the efficacy of biofertilizers. This review delves into the historical development of the biofertilizer industry and recent advancements in fundamental research on biofertilizers in China, highlighting the essential role of biofertilizers in promoting green agricultural development.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein Biosynthesis and Carbon Catabolite Repression Are Transcriptionally Upregulated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Extracellular Fractions From Several Wine Yeast Species","authors":"Miguel Mejias-Ortiz,&nbsp;Pilar Morales,&nbsp;Guillermo Juárez,&nbsp;Ramon Gonzalez","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70168","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeast species are increasingly used in winemaking in combination with <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> to modulate sensory attributes or as processing aids. Consequently, there is academic and practical interest in understanding how different yeast species interact with each other in grape must. Although interactions will depend on the metabolic capabilities of the strains involved, there are other possible interaction mechanisms between wine yeasts. In this work we used extracellular vesicle (EV)-enriched fractions from different non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> species to challenge <i>S. cerevisiae</i> inoculated in synthetic grape must. The results show that the previously described response to EVs of <i>Metschnikowia pulcherrima</i> was not an isolated phenomenon, but that <i>S. cerevisiae</i> responds in a general way to EVs of other yeast species. Meta-analysis of the results points to protein biosynthesis and carbon catabolite repression as general targets; both being stimulated by the interaction, beyond the acclimatisation to the synthetic juice experienced by the control cells. The intensity of the response showed differences between the four species; while the transcriptional response to <i>M. pulcherrima</i> EVs clearly diverges from that to EVs of the other yeast species, which show greater similarity to each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70168","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Species in Engineered Living Materials: Strategies and Future Directions","authors":"Hu Wang,&nbsp;Chunzhong Li,&nbsp;Yanmin Wang,&nbsp;Huanming Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, there has been a notable increase interest in engineered living materials (ELMs) owing to their considerable potential. One key area of research within this field is the utilisation of various species of bacteria to create innovative living materials. In order to accelerate the advancement of bacterial-based living materials, a systematic summary of bacterial species and their design strategies is essential. Yet, up to this point, no applicable reviews have been documented. This review offers a concise introduction to living materials derived from bacteria, delves into the strategies and applications of each bacterial species in this realm, and provides perspectives and future outlooks in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Vanillin From Ferulic Acid by Pseudomonas putida KT2440 Using Metabolic Engineering and In Situ Product Recovery","authors":"Ilona A. Ruhl,&nbsp;Sean P. Woodworth,&nbsp;Stefan J. Haugen,&nbsp;Hannah M. Alt,&nbsp;Gregg T. Beckham,&nbsp;Christopher W. Johnson","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vanillin is the most in-demand flavouring compound in the world and because vanillin extracted from vanilla pods cannot meet the global demand, most vanillin on the market today is chemically synthesised. Increasing demands by consumers for natural ingredients have inspired efforts to develop vanillin derived from microbial sources. These efforts have been challenged by low titers, likely caused by the toxicity of vanillin to most microbial biocatalysts. In this study, we engineered a <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> KT2440-derived strain that accumulated vanillin from ferulic acid to 0.64 g/L. To increase the overall titre, we applied a hydrophobic polystyrene-based resin to vanillin-accumulating cultures, which enabled an increase in total vanillin recovery to an apparent titre of 3.35 g/L. This study demonstrates that <i>P. putida</i> can accumulate vanillin from ferulic acid to higher titers when vanillin is removed from the cultivation medium, mitigating its toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxoplasma gondii C2 Domain Protein Deletion Mutant as a Promising Vaccine Against Toxoplasmosis in Mice","authors":"Yifan Luo,&nbsp;Mingfeng He,&nbsp;Shengqiang Yang,&nbsp;Jiahui Qian,&nbsp;Zhengming He,&nbsp;Jiayin Xu,&nbsp;Liyu Guo,&nbsp;Siyu Xiao,&nbsp;Rui Fang","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>), a parasitic protozoan capable of infecting nearly all warm-blooded animals, causes significant economic losses in livestock and poses a significant threat to both animal and public health. Despite its impact, no ideal vaccine is currently available to prevent toxoplasmosis. Vesicular transport plays a crucial role in the life cycle of <i>T. gondii</i>, and proteins involved in this process – such as those containing C2 domains – may serve as novel targets for the development of live attenuated vaccines. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of a C2 domain-containing protein (TGME49_203240) as a live attenuated vaccine candidate. Our findings suggest that TGME49_203240 may be involved in vesicular transport and that it is essential for <i>T. gondii</i> growth. Deletion of TGME49_203240 reduced parasite virulence and impaired tissue cyst formation in mice. Moreover, mice vaccinated with ME49<i>Δ203240</i> were protected against the lethal challenge of the tachyzoites of <i>T. gondii</i> I, II, III strains and cysts of II strain. In addition, the ME49<i>Δ203240</i> strain elicited robust immune responses, including the production of high levels of specific IgG antibodies and key cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-12). These findings highlight TGME49_203240 as a promising target for the development of a live attenuated vaccine against <i>T. gondii</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}