Microbial Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"AI Methods for Antimicrobial Peptides: Progress and Challenges","authors":"Carlos A. Brizuela,&nbsp;Gary Liu,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Stokes,&nbsp;Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70072","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising candidates to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens. However, the high cost of extensive wet-lab screening has made AI methods for identifying and designing AMPs increasingly important, with machine learning (ML) techniques playing a crucial role. AI approaches have recently revolutionised this field by accelerating the discovery of new peptides with anti-infective activity, particularly in preclinical mouse models. Initially, classical ML approaches dominated the field, but recently there has been a shift towards deep learning (DL) models. Despite significant contributions, existing reviews have not thoroughly explored the potential of large language models (LLMs), graph neural networks (GNNs) and structure-guided AMP discovery and design. This review aims to fill that gap by providing a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements, challenges and opportunities in using AI methods, with a particular emphasis on LLMs, GNNs and structure-guided design. We discuss the limitations of current approaches and highlight the most relevant topics to address in the coming years for AMP discovery and design.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142925942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic Plasticity During Organofluorine Degradation Revealed by Adaptive Evolution","authors":"Madeline R. O'Connor,&nbsp;Calvin J. Thoma,&nbsp;Anthony G. Dodge,&nbsp;Lawrence P. Wackett","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A major factor limiting the biodegradation of organofluorine compounds has been highlighted as fluoride anion toxicity produced by defluorinating enzymes. Here, two highly active defluorinases with different activities were constitutively expressed in <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> ATCC 12633 to examine adaption to fluoride stress. Each strain was grown on α-fluorophenylacetic acid as the sole carbon source via defluorination to mandelic acid, and each showed immediate fluoride release and delayed growth. Adaptive evolution was performed for each recombinant strain by serial transfer. Both strains adapted to show a much shorter lag and a higher growth yield. The observed adaptation occurred rapidly and reproducibly, within 50 generations each time. After adaption, growth with 50–70 mM α-fluorophenylacetic acid was significantly faster with more fluoride release than a preadapted culture due to larger cell populations. Genomic sequencing of both pre- and postadapted strain pairs revealed decreases in the defluorinase gene content. With both defluorinases, adaption produced a 56%–57% decrease in the plasmid copy number. Additionally, during adaption of the strain expressing the faster defluorinase, two plasmids were present: the original and a derivative in which the defluorinase gene was deleted. An examination of the enzyme rates in the pathway suggested that the defluorinase rate was concurrently optimised for pathway flux and minimising fluoride toxicity. The rapid alteration of plasmid copy number and mutation was consistent with other studies on microbial responses to stresses such as antibiotics. The data presented here support the idea that fluoride stress is significant during the biodegradation of organofluorine compounds and suggest engineered strains will be under strong selective pressure to decrease fluoride stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11670473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus subtilis Intraspecies Interactions Shape Probiotic Activity Against Salmonella Typhimurium","authors":"Eva Kovačec,&nbsp;Barbara Kraigher,&nbsp;Eli Podnar,&nbsp;Bram Lories,&nbsp;Hans Steenackers,&nbsp;Ines Mandic-Mulec","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Commercial probiotics are often formulated as multi-strain cocktails, but the effects of social interactions, particularly between strains of a species, are often neglected, despite their potential to contribute to higher-order interactions where these interactions could affect those with a third party. In this study, we investigated the probiotic potential of a collection of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strains against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium in single-strain and mixed cultures. The results indicate a promising probiotic potential of <i>B. subtilis</i> as 38 out of 39 strains significantly inhibited the growth of <i>S.</i> Typhimurium. Next, we tested the effect of mixing <i>B. subtilis</i> strains that differ in their inhibitory potency against <i>S.</i> Typhimurium. The results show that strong inhibition by one strain can be significantly reduced by mixing with a less effective strain. Moreover, mixing similarly effective strains mostly resulted in a decreased growth inhibition of the pathogen. Additionally, we found a group of highly aggressive strains, which completely eliminated other <i>B. subtilis</i> strains in the two-strain mixtures. Overall, this work shows that intraspecies interactions between <i>B. subtilis</i> strains can significantly alter the probiotic effect against <i>S.</i> Typhimurium, which is of great importance for future research on the development of multi-strain probiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Easy-Curing and pH-Regulated CRISPR-Cas9 Plasmids for Gene Editing and Plasmid Curing in Lactococcus cremoris","authors":"Javier Nicolás Garay-Novillo,&nbsp;José Ángel Ruiz-Masó,&nbsp;Gloria del Solar,&nbsp;José Luis Barra","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, we developed a plasmid-based CRISPR-Cas9 strategy for editing <i>Lactococcus cremoris</i>, which allows easy generation of plasmid-free strains with the desired modification. We constructed versatile shuttle vectors based on the theta-type pAMβ1 promiscuous replicon and p15A <i>ori</i>, expressing both the Cas9 nuclease gene (under pH-regulated promoters derived from P170) and a single-guide RNA for specific targeting (under a strong constitutive promoter). The vectors designed for plasmid targeting were very effective for low- and high-copy-number plasmid curing in <i>L. cremoris</i>, and their targeting efficiency was shown to be tunable by regulating <i>cas9</i> expression. For chromosome editing, we implemented a host-independent method that enhances double-homologous recombination events using plasmids expressing the genes encoding λRed-phage Redβ recombinase and <i>Escherichia coli</i> single-stranded DNA binding protein (EcSSB). By coupling either the endogenous recombination machinery or the Redβ-EcSSB-assisted recombination system with our novel chromosome-targeting CRISPR-Cas9 plasmids, we efficiently generated and selected thousands of gene-edited cells. Examination of the impact of the constructed CRISPR-Cas9 vectors on host fitness revealed no Cas9-associated toxicity, and, remarkably, these vectors exhibited a very high loss rate when growing the bacterial host cells in the absence of selective pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Easy-Curing and pH-Regulated CRISPR-Cas9 Plasmids for Gene Editing and Plasmid Curing in Lactococcus cremoris","authors":"Javier Nicolás Garay-Novillo,&nbsp;José Ángel Ruiz-Masó,&nbsp;Gloria del Solar,&nbsp;José Luis Barra","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, we developed a plasmid-based CRISPR-Cas9 strategy for editing <i>Lactococcus cremoris</i>, which allows easy generation of plasmid-free strains with the desired modification. We constructed versatile shuttle vectors based on the theta-type pAMβ1 promiscuous replicon and p15A <i>ori</i>, expressing both the Cas9 nuclease gene (under pH-regulated promoters derived from P170) and a single-guide RNA for specific targeting (under a strong constitutive promoter). The vectors designed for plasmid targeting were very effective for low- and high-copy-number plasmid curing in <i>L. cremoris</i>, and their targeting efficiency was shown to be tunable by regulating <i>cas9</i> expression. For chromosome editing, we implemented a host-independent method that enhances double-homologous recombination events using plasmids expressing the genes encoding λRed-phage Redβ recombinase and <i>Escherichia coli</i> single-stranded DNA binding protein (EcSSB). By coupling either the endogenous recombination machinery or the Redβ-EcSSB-assisted recombination system with our novel chromosome-targeting CRISPR-Cas9 plasmids, we efficiently generated and selected thousands of gene-edited cells. Examination of the impact of the constructed CRISPR-Cas9 vectors on host fitness revealed no Cas9-associated toxicity, and, remarkably, these vectors exhibited a very high loss rate when growing the bacterial host cells in the absence of selective pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penitentiaries: Bringing microbiological literacy to the fringes of society","authors":"Víctor de Lorenzo","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This report highlights a science outreach effort for prisons launched by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) in collaboration with the NGO Solidarios para el Desarrollo. The Microbiology-focused part of the initiative aims at educating inmates on some basic facts, in order to raise awareness about microorganisms and their impact on daily life. The outline of the talks, inspired by the International Initiative for Microbial Literacy, aims to encourage this collective to move from passive listeners into active participants, helping them understand that Earth is a microbial planet, and that their bodies harbour vast microbiomes that affect their health and social interactions. The talks introduce Microbiology using simple metaphors and emphasize the role of beneficial microorganisms. By explaining the power of microscopes, inmates are shown the hidden microbial world that surrounds them, sparking interest and curiosity. The talks also cover microbial biotechnology, using examples such as bioplastics, anti-cavity bacteria, and skin microorganisms designed for acne prevention. Overall, this outreach initiative seeks to provide inmates with valuable scientific knowledge, fostering curiosity and critical thinking. Despite the challenges of delivering such content in a prison setting, the initiative demonstrates that even marginalized groups can benefit from microbiological literacy, helping them to both endure their terms and eventually reintegrate into society.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desert-adapted plant growth-promoting pseudomonads modulate plant auxin homeostasis and mitigate salinity stress","authors":"Ramona Marasco,&nbsp;Maria J. Mosqueira,&nbsp;Kholoud A. Seferji,&nbsp;Sarah M. Al Romaih,&nbsp;Grégoire Michoud,&nbsp;Jian Xu,&nbsp;Cristina Bez,&nbsp;Tatiana Castillo Hernandez,&nbsp;Vittorio Venturi,&nbsp;Ikram Blilou,&nbsp;Daniele Daffonchio","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70043","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>By providing adaptive advantages to plants, desert microorganisms are emerging as promising solutions to mitigate the negative and abrupt effects of climate change in agriculture. Among these, pseudomonads, commonly found in soil and in association with plants' root system, have been shown to enhance plant tolerance to salinity and drought, primarily affecting root system architecture in various hosts. However, a comprehensive understanding of how these bacteria affect plant responses at the cellular, physiological and molecular levels is still lacking. In this study, we investigated the effects of two <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. strains, E102 and E141, which were previously isolated from date palm roots and have demonstrated efficacy in promoting drought tolerance in their hosts. These strains colonize plant roots, influencing root architecture by inhibiting primary root growth while promoting root hair elongation and lateral root formation. Strains E102 and E141 increased auxin levels in <i>Arabidopsis</i>, whereas this effect was diminished in IAA-defective mutant strains, which exhibited reduced IAA production. In all cases, the effectiveness of the bacteria relies on the functioning of the plant auxin response and transport machinery. Notably, such physiological and morphological changes provide an adaptive advantage to the plant, specifically under stress conditions such as salinity. Collectively, this study demonstrates that by leveraging the host's auxin signalling machinery, strains E102 and E141 significantly improve plant resilience to abiotic stresses, positioning them as potential biopromoters/bioprotectors for crop production and ecosystem restoration in alignment with Nature-based Solution approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of In Situ Extraction for Enhanced Triterpenoid Production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae","authors":"Mariam Dianat,&nbsp;Sarah Straaten,&nbsp;Aldo Maritato,&nbsp;Daniel Wibberg,&nbsp;Tobias Busche,&nbsp;Lars M. Blank,&nbsp;Birgitta E. Ebert","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70061","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plant-derived triterpenoids are in high demand due to their valuable applications in cosmetic, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. To meet this demand, microbial production of triterpenoids is being developed for large-scale production. However, a prominent limitation of microbial synthesis is the intracellular accumulation, requiring cell disruption during downstream processing. Destroying the whole-cell catalyst drives up production costs and limits productivity and product yield per cell. Here, in situ product extraction of triterpenoids into a second organic phase was researched to address this limitation. An organic solvent screening identified water-immiscible isopropyl myristate as a suitable in situ extractant, enabling extraction of up to 90% of total triterpenoids from engineered <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. Combining isopropyl myristate and β-cyclodextrins improved extraction efficiency. In a first configuration, repeated batch fermentation with sequential product extraction and cell recycling resulted in 1.8 times higher production than a reference fermentation without in situ product extraction. In the second configuration, yeast cells were in contact with the second organic phase throughout a fed-batch fermentation to continuously extract triterpenoids. This resulted in 90% product extraction and an extended production phase. Further improvement of triterpenoid production was not achieved due to microbial host limitations uncovered through omics analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actinomycetota From Macroalgae as Rich Source for Natural Products Discovery Revealed Through Culture-Dependent and -Independent Approaches","authors":"Mariana Girão,&nbsp;Adriana Rego,&nbsp;Ana C. Fonseca,&nbsp;Weiwei Cao,&nbsp;Zhongjun Jia,&nbsp;Ralph Urbatzka,&nbsp;Pedro N. Leão,&nbsp;Maria F. Carvalho","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Actinomycetota are unrivalled producers of bioactive natural products, with strains living in association with macroalgae representing a prolific—yet largely unexplored—source of specialised chemicals. In this work, we have investigated the bioactive potential of Actinomycetota from macroalgae through culture-dependent and -independent approaches. A bioprospecting pipeline was applied to a collection of 380 actinobacterial strains, recovered from two macroalgae species collected in the Portuguese northern shore—<i>Codium tomentosum</i> and <i>Chondrus crispus—</i>in order to explore their ability to produce antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer and lipid-reducing compounds. Around 43% of the crude extracts showed activity in at least one of the screenings performed: 111 presented antimicrobial activity at 1 mg/mL, 83 significantly decreased cancer cells viability at 15 μg/mL and 5 reduced lipid content in zebrafish &gt; 60% at 15 ug/mL. Dereplication of active extracts unveiled the presence of compounds that could explain most of the recorded results, but also unknown molecules in the metabolome of several strains, highlighting the opportunity for discovery. The bioactive potential of the actinobacterial community from the same macroalgae specimens, which served as the source for the aforementioned Actinomycetota collection, was also explored through metagenomics analysis, allowing to obtain a broader picture of its functional diversity and novelty. A total of 133 biosynthetic gene clusters recovered from metagenomic contigs and metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs). These were grouped into 91 gene cluster families, 83 of which shared less than 30% of similarity to database entries. Our findings provided by culture-dependent and -independent approaches underscore the potential held by actinomycetes from macroalgae as reservoirs for novel bioactive natural products.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterologous Gene Expression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplast by Heterologous Promoters and Terminators, Intercistronic Expression Elements and Minichromosome","authors":"Yunling Guo,&nbsp;Hui Xiong,&nbsp;Qiuling Fan,&nbsp;Deqiang Duanmu","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1751-7915.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>, a model green alga for expressing foreign proteins, faces challenges in multigene expression and enhancing protein expression level in the chloroplast. To address these challenges, we compared heterologous promoters, terminators and intercistronic expression elements (IEEs). We transformed Chlamydomonas chloroplast with a biolistic approach to introduce vectors containing the NanoLuc expression unit regulated by Chlamydomonas or tobacco promoters and terminators. We observed that tobacco promoters P<i>rbcL</i> and P<i>psbA</i> could not effectively regulate protein expression, whereas tobacco terminators T<i>rbcL</i> and T<i>rps16</i> did not affect the expression of Nluc protein. Further exploration of IEEs specific to Chlamydomonas revealed that Cr-IEE2 had a minor effect on both upstream and downstream protein expression, whereas Cr-IEE5 significantly influenced downstream protein expression. In contrast, tobacco IEE was found to be unsuitable for driving protein expression in Chlamydomonas. Additionally, VOR element and Rep protein derived from beet curly top geminivirus were able to form a minichromosome in Chlamydomonas chloroplast, and this system could enhance protein expression level compared to the traditional method of site-specific integration in the plastome. This study highlights the potential of IEEs and minichromosome in facilitating heterologous protein expression in Chlamydomonas chloroplast.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}