Yujiao Zhao , Yingnan Han , Lei Xia , Zhiyu Fang , Dachuan Lu , Qifeng Jia , Yuheng Gao
{"title":"Study on the flow properties of modified magnesium-coal-based solid waste carbon sequestration backfill materials","authors":"Yujiao Zhao , Yingnan Han , Lei Xia , Zhiyu Fang , Dachuan Lu , Qifeng Jia , Yuheng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address greenhouse gas emissions and massive solid waste in coal industry activities, carbon sequestration backfill materials have been explored, with the fluidity of these materials being a critical factor in the backfill process. In this study, CO<sub>2</sub>-modified magnesium-coal based solid waste backfill materials (CO<sub>2</sub>−MCSB) were prepared. The flow and rheological properties of CO<sub>2</sub>−MCSB under different mass concentrations and cementitious material ratios were examined through slump, rheological, bleeding tests, and microscopic analyses. The impact of secondary aeration on CO<sub>2</sub> uptake and fluidity was explored by modifying the rheological testing apparatus by using selected parameter combinations: FA50–74 from the mass concentration group and FA40 from the cementitious material ratios group. The results showed that increasing mass concentration reduced slump (142.5 to 132.0 mm), expansion (50.8 to 25.0 cm), and bleeding rate (6.03 % to 2.21 %), while increasing yield stress, plastic viscosity, and thixotropy. Conversely, increasing the proportion of fly ash in cementitious material raised slump (134.0 to 138.0 mm), expansion (29.9 to 36.0 cm), and bleeding rate (2.01 % to 2.78 %), while reducing yield stress, plastic viscosity, and thixotropy. The rheological behavior of CO<sub>2</sub>−MCSB slurry conforms H-B model, with strong linear correlations between flow and rheological parameters. Furthermore, studies on FA50–74 and FA40 about secondary aeration demonstrated that secondary aeration not only improved the fluidity of CO<sub>2</sub>−MCSB slurry but also increased CO<sub>2</sub> uptake by 21.86 % and 21.75 %, respectively. This study provides valuable insights for designing and optimizing the material ratios of carbon sequestration backfill slurries to achieve desirable flow properties in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104443"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-Ming Wei , Song Peng , Jia-Ning Kang , Lan-Cui Liu , Yunlong Zhang , Helei Liu , Tong Wu
{"title":"A literature review of direct air capture technology from a socioeconomic perspective","authors":"Yi-Ming Wei , Song Peng , Jia-Ning Kang , Lan-Cui Liu , Yunlong Zhang , Helei Liu , Tong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct air capture (DAC) technology represents a crucial pathway for achieving climate goals. Recent scientific advancements in DAC have moved beyond engineering into multidisciplinary discourse. This moment presents an optimal opportunity to integrate DAC technology into broader conversations on socioeconomic systems and climate change scenarios, aiming to address the rapidly diminishing global emissions space. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and bridge any research gaps in this expansive body of studies to promote the future application of DAC. Motivated by this necessity, this study systematically analyzes 813 scientific publications on DAC, focusing specifically on 75 socioeconomic studies, to critically review and synthesize their findings. We uncover five major research hotspots in a socioeconomic perspective: (i) simulating DAC development pathways and demand using integrated assessment models that account for spatial, temporal, and parametric heterogeneity; (ii) evaluating DAC economics and costs through cross-disciplinary technoeconomic analyses; (iii) assessing the socioeconomic impacts and net carbon removal efficiencies of DAC when integrated with various CO₂ utilization methods from a full life cycle perspective; (iv) conducting cost–benefit analysis and optimization modeling of DAC integration with new energy systems and other utilization technologies; and (v) optimizing business models and policy frameworks for DAC implementation. Persisting challenges in social science research include standardizing cost indicators, forecasting cost trends under uncertainty, conducting life cycle assessments across differing technology types, and optimizing spatiotemporal layouts for multi-objective coordination. We further recommend advancing DAC technology through increased investment in R&D, policy support, and the creation of methodologies for carbon removal verification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104438"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimising soil gas monitoring at an on-shore geological carbon sequestration site","authors":"Kexin Zhang , Svetlana Stevanovic , William Howcroft , Wendy Timms","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil gas sampling provides valuable insights for environmental assurance monitoring at carbon capture and storage (CCS) sites. Being a point-source sampling technique, soil gas samples are subject to natural temporal and spatial variabilities. CCS-related soil gas monitoring strategies have evolved over the past decades from intensive sampling to a risk-based approach targeting specific areas. This paper outlines the evolution of monitoring and explores options to optimise monitoring strategies at different spatial resolutions. Sampling approaches were trialled using one year of data collected from an Australian CCS demonstration site, the Otway International Test Centre (OITC), where soil gas was monitored at 124 grid-based locations (100–200 m apart) to achieve multiple monitoring objectives. Results of soil gas CO<sub>2</sub> concentration from the 2022 annual sampling campaign ranged over tenfold (0.04 % to 8.07 %), providing a reasonable characterisation of the natural variability of soil gas composition. This systematic approach was compared with random selections of sampling locations at reduced sampling densities, grid-based sampling at reduced sampling densities, and risk-based monitoring. The combined approach with systematic monitoring and a risk-based approach, depending on the stages of the project, are recommended. Strategy-specific baselines extracted from a comprehensive baseline are recommended to take into consideration spatial variability based on the design and potential changes in long-term monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104437"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guangjie Chen , Guangying Chen , Liuyi Yin , Fei Li , Li Sze Lai , Wee Horng Tay , Swee Pin Yeap , Lin Jin
{"title":"Performance and mechanism investigation of CO2 capture by novel ternary MEA/tertiary amine/sulfolane biphasic solvents","authors":"Guangjie Chen , Guangying Chen , Liuyi Yin , Fei Li , Li Sze Lai , Wee Horng Tay , Swee Pin Yeap , Lin Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical-physical biphasic absorbents significantly reduce CO<sub>2</sub> capture energy consumption. In this study, four tertiary amines were combined with monoethanolamine (MEA) and sulfolane to form ternary MEA/co-absorbent/sulfolane biphasic solutions for CO<sub>2</sub> capture. The co-absorbents used were N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), 1-Dimethylamino-2-propanol (DMIPA), 3-(Dimethylamino)-1,2-propanediol (DMAP), and 3-Diethylamino-1,2-propanediol (DEAP). The dynamic phase separation behavior and properties were examined, the absorption/desorption characteristics were analyzed, and the phase separation absorption mechanism was explored through <sup>13</sup>C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy. Results showed that all four ternary solvents performed excellently, achieving high CO<sub>2</sub> loadings in the upper phases (3.09–3.41 mol/L), strong absorption and desorption efficiencies (over 92.5 % and 85 %, respectively), large cyclic loadings (above 2.67 mol/L), and reduced energy consumption (>45.81 % lower compared to 5 M MEA solution). The addition of tertiary amines improved the absorption performance of MEA/sulfolane solutions. Phase separation was influenced by amine solvent alkalinity and hydrophilicity, leading to the presence of sulfolane in both liquid phases and the selective distribution of MEA and tertiary amines. This research offers promising alternatives for efficient CO<sub>2</sub> capture and provides theoretical guidance on liquid-liquid phase separation absorption mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104436"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the design of ultra-sparse seismic surveys for monitoring subsurface CO2 storage sites using full waveform inversion","authors":"Xuebin Zhao, Andrew Curtis","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring the dynamics of CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> in subsurface reservoirs allows the conformance of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects to be assessed. Full waveform inversion (FWI) of data from dense, time-lapse seismic surveys can provide high resolution images of dynamic changes. However, FWI solutions remain highly non-unique, so uncertainties must be accounted for to ensure that conformance verification is robust. Time-lapse seismic FWI is therefore expensive because, first, dense surveys are costly to acquire, and second, quantifying realistic uncertainties requires extreme computational power and memory. We first introduce a significantly less costly method to quantify Bayesian uncertainties in the maximum a posteriori (MAP – most likely) solutions of time-lapse seismic velocity changes. The method embodies strong prior information from the baseline survey to inform inversions of monitoring surveys. In contrast to comparable methods, these uncertainty estimates are shown to be of a reasonable magnitude to inform subsequent decision-making. This method also allows the quality of <em>prospective</em> survey designs to be assessed in terms of expected confidence in time-lapse imaging results, at reasonable computational cost. We therefore perform a time-lapse seismic survey design study to assess the quality of more economically attractive surveys. We demonstrate for the first time that even if extremely sparse acquisition geometries are deployed, potentially even involving only a single seismic source and recordings on a single fibre-optic cable, reasonable images of subsurface time-lapse velocity changes are produced, and uncertainties remain sufficiently low to enable robust decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104433"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Felix Kästner , Arne Fuhrmann, Hauke Thöle, Astrid Schlieder-Kowitz, Gesa Kuhlmann
{"title":"3D reservoir quality estimation of the Lower Volpriehausen Unit in the Eastern German North Sea: A statistic and stochastic modelling approach","authors":"Felix Kästner , Arne Fuhrmann, Hauke Thöle, Astrid Schlieder-Kowitz, Gesa Kuhlmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) storage in deeply buried sandstones can contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly from hard-to-abate industrial sectors. Triassic sandstones of the Middle Buntsandstein Subgroup on the West Schleswig Block offer favourable conditions to act as potential storage reservoir. While previous studies focused on regional assessments of trap structures and static capacity estimations, this is the first assessment of the extent and quality of the reservoir itself. We have created a 3D model of the West Schleswig Block to assess the reservoir quality and spatial distribution of the basal sandstones of the Volpriehausen Formation, the primary reservoir of the Middle Buntsandstein Subgroup in this region, at top depths between 2121 m (P10) and 2854 m (P90). To this end, we have developed parameter models for shale content, effective porosity, and permeability to obtain regional trend maps. Our results show that the Lower Volpriehausen Unit exhibit good lateral continuity, with a median thickness of 43 m (ranging from 25 m to 85 m) and a mean porosity of 21 % (12 % - 28 %, P10-P90). Locally, low porosities are primarily caused by high shale content and diagenetic cementation. These findings indicate variable reservoir quality for formerly mapped reservoir structures on the West Schleswig Block, which has to be considered in future carbon storage exploration efforts. Our study can facilitate future developments in the screening and evaluation of potential storage sites in the German North Sea and presents a valuable resource for local CO<sub>2</sub> storage capacity models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104435"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeffrey T. Culp , Robert L. Thompson , Kathryn H. Smith , David Hopkinson , Nicholas Siefert
{"title":"Beta-Amino Carboxylate (BAC) non-aqueous physical solvents for enhanced CO2 separations in pre-combustion carbon capture, industrial CO2 capture, and biogas upgrading processes","authors":"Jeffrey T. Culp , Robert L. Thompson , Kathryn H. Smith , David Hopkinson , Nicholas Siefert","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel beta-amino carboxylate (BAC) solvents have been synthesized and tested to efficiently capture carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) from process gas streams with CO<sub>2</sub> partial pressure intermediate between pre-combustion and post-combustion capture. The BAC solvents have molecular structures characterized by alkyl-substituted amides or esters containing a secondary amine functional group on the second carbon from the carbonyl carbon (referred to as the beta “β” carbon). The ester or amide functional group combined with optimal steric crowding around the amine nitrogen by proximate alkyl groups are tailored to modify the strength of CO<sub>2</sub> binding in the solvent. The solvents possess high CO<sub>2</sub> solubilities and high gas selectivity including good CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O selectivity and can be utilized for CO<sub>2</sub> absorption over a range of partial pressures. Due to low volatility, many of the solvents can be operated at or above ambient temperature which eliminates solvent chilling and allows regeneration using low grade waste heat. These novel solvents offer an opportunity for efficient carbon capture for a range of applications including biogas upgrading, hydrogen production, and pre-combustion carbon capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104432"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impacts of output-based ETS and subsidies on CCS retrofitting in China’s coal-fired power plants","authors":"Changsheng Yi, Linlin Xu, Yaling Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been considered as a pivotal technology to reduce carbon emissions in carbon-intensive industries, such as coal-fired power plants (CFPPs). Nevertheless, high investment cost and unclear policy support make the CCS deployment far from the climate mitigation goals in China. This study employs the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) approach to evaluate the life cycle cost of electricity generation for CFPPs with CCS retrofitting, which considers not only the financial incentives (i.e., the initial investment subsidy and carbon tax subsidy), but the non-financial incentives (such as the carbon emission quota). Specifically, we design four benchmark tightening scenarios to explore the impacts of output-based emission trading system (ETS) and government subsidies on CCS retrofitting. The results are as follows: (1) The CCS retrofitting without quota trading is less attractive for CFPPs to deliver the carbon emissions reduction, in that the initial investment subsidy is not enough to stimulate the CCS retrofitting. (2) If the quota benchmark remains 754 g/kWh unchanged, the CFPPs can turn a profit from CCS retrofitting when the critical carbon tax subsidy reaches 388 CNY/t. As the quota benchmarks are tightened, the carbon tax subsidy must rise to maintain the carbon balance under the ETS. (3) When the quota benchmarks are tightened more stringently, the CFPPs can make a profit only if the quota price gets more higher.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukas Skerbisch , David Misch , Michael Drews , Klaus Arnberger , Volker Schuller , Andras Zamolyi , Thomas Hantschel , Daniel Palmowski , Adrian Kleine
{"title":"Caprock integrity: A critical factor for carbon capture and storage in the Vienna Basin","authors":"Lukas Skerbisch , David Misch , Michael Drews , Klaus Arnberger , Volker Schuller , Andras Zamolyi , Thomas Hantschel , Daniel Palmowski , Adrian Kleine","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is commonly accepted that geologic CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration will be needed to meet carbon emission goals and reduce the impact of anthropogenic climate change. While the feasibility of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in saline aquifers and depleted oil and gas fields is proven, the social acceptance for CO<sub>2</sub> injection into geological formations remains low. Most sites under development are located offshore, while onshore storage is generally perceived more critically. The long-term integrity of barrier layers in the storage complex is considered a major risk factor to be acknowledged in approval procedures. This study therefore aims at providing a comprehensive view on the CO<sub>2</sub> seal capacity of mudstones in the Vienna Basin, a potential target area for future onshore CCS in depleted oil and gas fields or saline aquifers. In a first step, the static capillary seal capacity was modelled based on wireline log-derived porosity vs. depth trends. Secondly, all processes potentially causing a CO<sub>2</sub> breakthrough into the seal were identified and their respective contributions to CO<sub>2</sub> leakage from a hypothetical storage complex were quantified. Lastly, a 1D reactive transport model was established to evaluate mineralogy and porosity changes in a seal layer of known composition and formation water chemistry over post-operational time spans of 1000–100,000 years. For both static and dynamic sealing scenarios it is shown that seal capacity in the Vienna Basin is high, and storage risks associated with top seal integrity are likely negligible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104434"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Coupled Well-Reservoir Model to Quantify CO2 Release Rates and Temperatures during Well Blowouts in Geologic Carbon Storage","authors":"Pramod Bhuvankar, Abdullah Cihan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern wells are designed for safe and efficient transport of fluids. CO<sub>2</sub> injection wells are managed through engineering best practice such that acute releases of fluids are exceedingly rare. However, stakeholders have interest to understand the scale and dynamics of such low probability events to better inform investment and insurance decision making. Here we present a physics-based well-reservoir model to simulate transient acute release of CO<sub>2</sub> from injection wells through an unconfined bore-hole. The developed well model captures supercritical–liquid–gas–solid phase transitions of CO<sub>2</sub> during rapid depressurization. We applied this model to study the CO<sub>2</sub> flow rates and well-head cooling from an onshore injection well in a deep saline aquifer. For a hypothetical well undergoing two-week long release after 1 year of injection at a rate of <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>25</mn></mrow></math></span> MT/year, we observed up to <span><math><mrow><mn>48000</mn></mrow></math></span> tons of total CO<sub>2</sub> released. A near-triple-point temperature of −58°C was observed at the wellhead. Our simulations show the CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate to be sensitive to the reservoir permeability. With the developed model as a reference, we investigate various simplifications to speed up computations. The heat transfer between the well-bore and surrounding rocks is shown to have insignificant impact on the flow rate over two weeks, and is therefore be neglected in the simplified model. We use simulations to demonstrate the validity of a quasi-steady flow assumption inside the well. The proposed simplifications are shown to significantly speed up computations of acute CO<sub>2</sub> release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104373"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}