International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control最新文献

Laboratory and literature insights into uncertainty in CO2-water relative permeability at low water saturations 低含水饱和度下二氧化碳-水相对渗透率的不确定性的实验室和文献见解

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104482

Jiachao Ge , Zain Rasheed , Yamin Wang , Saira , Furqan Hussain

{"title":"Laboratory and literature insights into uncertainty in CO2-water relative permeability at low water saturations","authors":"Jiachao Ge , Zain Rasheed , Yamin Wang , Saira , Furqan Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Determining CO<sub>2</sub>-water drainage relative permeability generally requires laboratory experiments, followed by numerical history matching. However, achieving low water saturations in the laboratory is challenging. Consequently, the relative permeability values at these low saturations—though essential for field-scale modelling—must be extrapolated, introducing significant uncertainty.</div><div>Previous studies used continuous mathematical functions—such as Corey or LET—to define relative permeability curves across the full saturation range. In such functions, changes to curve parameters affected both high and low saturation values, masking the specific uncertainty present at low saturations. In this study, we reanalyzed published data revealing a wide range of plausible relative permeability values at low water saturation, all of which yield equally good history matches—indicating substantial hidden uncertainty in this region.</div><div>To mitigate this, we performed laboratory experiments with extended injection of water-saturated CO₂ to 78 pore volumes (PV), achieving 34 % water saturations, much lower than commonly reported. Following this, desaturation was performed at constant pressure using a porous plate to further reduce water saturation to 0.225, enabling direct measurement of maximum CO₂ relative permeability. Results indicate that extending CO<sub>2</sub> injection reduces uncertainty in relative permeability at lower saturations, though experimental limitations persist below 0.34 water saturation. Including porous plate data significantly improves reliability by applying higher capillary pressures representative of field conditions.</div><div>This work highlights the necessity of advanced experimental designs to extend the reliability of CO₂-water relative permeability measurements to lower water saturations. These findings are crucial for enhancing predictive accuracy in field-scale CO₂ sequestration modelling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104482"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integration of CASOH and DISPLACE technologies in a steel plant for the mitigation of CO2 emissions – A techno-economic analysis 将CASOH和displacement技术整合到一家钢铁厂以减少二氧化碳排放——技术经济分析

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104478

Nicola Zecca , Santiago Zapata Boada , Vincenzo Spallina , Giampaolo Manzolini

{"title":"Integration of CASOH and DISPLACE technologies in a steel plant for the mitigation of CO2 emissions – A techno-economic analysis","authors":"Nicola Zecca , Santiago Zapata Boada , Vincenzo Spallina , Giampaolo Manzolini","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the severe climate crisis and the urgent need to limit the adverse effects of global warming, drastic changes are required across various industries. Among them, the iron and steel sector is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 7 % of global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. This study proposes the integration of innovative carbon capture technologies, such as DISPLACE and CASOH, into a conventional BF-BOF (Blast Furnace-Basic Oxygen Furnace) steelmaking process. A comprehensive techno-economic analysis was conducted, supported by simulations performed in Aspen Plus, to optimize the integration of these technologies. The study suggests a redesigned gas distribution system within the BF-BOF steel plant, incorporating oxy-fired units to facilitate post-combustion carbon capture and minimize the plant emissions. The analysis reveals that, employing CASOH for pre-combustion CO<sub>2</sub> capture to decarbonize a mixture of BFG (Blast Furnace Gas) and BOFG (Basic Oxygen Furnace Gas), combined with DISPLACE for decarbonizing flue gases from hot stoves, sinter plant, and reheating ovens, 72 % reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and a SPECCA around 0 GJ/t<sub>CO2</sub> can be achieved. This is attainable within a renewable electricity scenario, at a cost of 138 € per ton of CO<sub>2</sub> avoided. Lower CO<sub>2</sub> avoidance values can also be achieved by treating less exhaust gases with reduction in both SPECCA and costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104478"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calibrating large-scale injection: Using saltwater disposal experience to predict CCS performance on the Texas Gulf Coast 校准大规模注入：利用盐水处理经验预测德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸的CCS性能

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104485

Chinemerem C. Okezie , Alexander P. Bump

{"title":"Calibrating large-scale injection: Using saltwater disposal experience to predict CCS performance on the Texas Gulf Coast","authors":"Chinemerem C. Okezie , Alexander P. Bump","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over 50 geologic carbon storage (GCS) projects are now advancing on the US Gulf Coast. Comparing their stated goals with the number of currently permitted wells suggests some planned injection rates over 5Mtpa/well. Modelling supports these numbers, but Gulf Coast reservoirs are structurally and stratigraphically complicated, with potential for compartmentalization that may lead to unanticipated pressure buildup and premature loss of injectivity. We seek to calibrate that risk by looking at historical saltwater disposal (SWD) on the Texas Gulf Coast. From 1990 to 2020, over 20 billion barrels of brine (∼2 Gt CO<sub>2</sub>-equivalent) were injected into non-productive reservoirs, largely without adverse effect. Analysis of injectivity index for these wells shows that most are poor performers in lifetime average terms, with few wells clearly capable of 1Mtpa CO<sub>2</sub>-equivalent. However, intermittent injection, not captured by the data, may explain apparently poor performance. Analysis of monthly injectivity index shows that over half the wells had at least one month indicative of >1Mtpa CO<sub>2</sub>-equivalent capability. Anecdotal evidence, and even our analysis, suggests that all wells eventually lose injectivity, but we can see no evidence of pressure buildup or declining performance at the formation level. More commonly, the cause seems to be formation damage, apparently mostly resulting from impurities in the injected brines—microbes, incompatible chemistry and/or entrained solids. We believe that GCS wells are likely to perform better than SWD wells, owing to better location, superior planning, and a cleaner injection stream. These results suggest cautious optimism for large-scale GCS on the Gulf Coast.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104485"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Critical review and recommendations for strengthening health and safety and major accident prevention regulations for carbon capture and storage in UK ports 就加强英国港口碳捕集和封存的健康与安全及重大事故预防条例进行重要审查并提出建议

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104479

Wassim Dbouk , Damon Teagle , Lindsay-Marie Armstrong , Johanna Hjalmarsson , Stephen Turnock , Alexandros Ntovas

{"title":"Critical review and recommendations for strengthening health and safety and major accident prevention regulations for carbon capture and storage in UK ports","authors":"Wassim Dbouk , Damon Teagle , Lindsay-Marie Armstrong , Johanna Hjalmarsson , Stephen Turnock , Alexandros Ntovas","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is an essential component of the UK Government’s net-zero strategy. Policies emphasize the need for flexible and accessible CO₂ transport and storage networks, with shipping emerging as a key non-pipeline transport modality to connect industrial clusters to offshore storage. In this article, we assess whether current health and safety and major accident prevention regulations adequately govern the risks posed by expanding CO₂ handling and storage in UK ports to support CCS deployment.</div><div>Our analysis identifies three regulatory gaps. First, while the Port Marine Safety Code addresses regulatory complexity in UK ports through establishing uniform national standards for marine safety, it cannot regulate the emerging risks of anticipated large-scale CO₂ shipping activities without clear performance standards in specific legislation. Second, duly appointed harbor masters must be well-informed to effectively exercise the powers granted under the Dangerous Goods in Harbour Areas Regulations (DGHAR) to reduce serious accident risks associated with increased CO₂ shipping. Third, the Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations (COMAH) currently exclude temporary CO₂ storage and do not include CO₂ within their scope, limiting their effectiveness for major accident prevention in port storage scenarios.</div><div>To address these gaps, we recommend issuing tailored guidance under DGHAR to clarify risk management responsibilities for CO₂ shipping and amending COMAH to include CO₂ storage and recognize CO₂ as a dangerous substance. These reforms are essential to protect port communities, ensure robust risk management, and support the safe, sustainable expansion of CO₂ shipping as a critical enabler of CCS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104479"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic kill modeling of subsea CO2 and CH4 blowouts: Differentiating factors and their implications for offshore carbon sequestration 海底CO2和CH4井喷的动态压井建模：区分因素及其对海上碳封存的影响

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104486

Eric. R. Upchurch , Yaxin Liu , Lei Zhou , Bjoern-Tore Anfinsen

{"title":"Dynamic kill modeling of subsea CO2 and CH4 blowouts: Differentiating factors and their implications for offshore carbon sequestration","authors":"Eric. R. Upchurch , Yaxin Liu , Lei Zhou , Bjoern-Tore Anfinsen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focusses on understanding the physics of halting subsea CO<sub>2</sub> blowouts using dynamic-kill methods. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model that replicates the thermophysical properties of CO<sub>2</sub> is used. We also analyze analogous CH<sub>4</sub> scenarios, juxtaposing the impacts of both fluids.</div><div>We simulate sixteen blowout/dynamic-kill scenarios, representing all combinations of water depth (305 or 762 m), blowout rate (2.83 or 11.34 MMm<sup>3</sup>/d), relief well intercept depth (1220 or 1830 m TVD BML), and reservoir fluid (CO<sub>2</sub> or CH<sub>4</sub>). This defines a sufficiently broad simulation space for gaining insight into the heretofore undefined aspects of dynamically killing subsea CO<sub>2</sub> blowouts – and how they differ from CH<sub>4</sub> blowouts.</div><div>CO<sub>2</sub>‘s thermophysical properties generally reduce dynamic kill pumping rates to one-third of that required for CH<sub>4</sub> blowouts when using 1801-kg/m<sup>3</sup> kill fluid. CO<sub>2</sub> phase change at elevated pressures drives most of the difference. During a dynamic kill, increases in well pressure can cause CO<sub>2</sub> density to jump from 68 to 904 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, while CH<sub>4</sub> exhibits a modest 22 to 192 kg/m<sup>3</sup> range. This radical difference in density-vs-pressure behavior results in CO<sub>2</sub> blowouts being generally easier to kill than CH<sub>4</sub> blowouts. Other differences in the dynamic killing of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> blowouts, like multiphase flow behavior, are detailed in the paper to explain their impacts.</div><div>We also find that CO<sub>2</sub> blowouts in shallower water can generate sub-freezing temperatures at the wellhead, resulting in ice and/or hydrate formation – a result that can introduce unintended complexity into the overall response to a subsea blowout.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104486"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-scale dynamic modeling and validation of radial flow fixed bed contactors for post-combustion CO2 capture using bench scale and pilot plant data 基于实验规模和中试工厂数据的径向流固定床接触器燃烧后二氧化碳捕集的多尺度动态建模和验证

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104481

Ana Flávia Monteiro , David Gribble , Ambal Jayaraman , Gokhan Alptekin , Ryan Hughes , Goutham Kotamreddy , Benjamin Omell , Michael Matuszewski , Debangsu Bhattacharyya

{"title":"Multi-scale dynamic modeling and validation of radial flow fixed bed contactors for post-combustion CO2 capture using bench scale and pilot plant data","authors":"Ana Flávia Monteiro , David Gribble , Ambal Jayaraman , Gokhan Alptekin , Ryan Hughes , Goutham Kotamreddy , Benjamin Omell , Michael Matuszewski , Debangsu Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a multi-scale model of a radial flow fixed bed contactor packed with a carbon sorbent is developed and validated with laboratory-scale and pilot plant scale dynamic data. For the lab scale system, the model results were compared with low, medium and high gas and sweep flowrates, yielding root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.80, 0.63, 0.96 CO<sub>2</sub> mol%, respectively, for the outlet CO<sub>2</sub> concentration profile considering the entire A-D cycle. For the bed outer temperature profile, maximum RMSE was found to be 5.5 °C considering all flowrates and entire A-D cycles. An experimental campaign was developed and applied to a pilot plant at Technology Center Mongstad (TCM), Norway. Approaches were developed for pre-processing of data including consideration of the effect of gas mixing, measurement delay, and determination of cyclic steady-state conditions. Considering profiles during A-D cycles for all test runs, it was found that the maximum RMSE for pressure drop, temperature for the outer section of the bed, temperature for the middle section of the bed, and outlet CO<sub>2</sub> concentration profile remained less than 1.5 mbar, 3.5 °C, 2.8 °C, and 1.3 CO<sub>2</sub> mol%, respectively. The validated model was used to perform sensitivity studies on several key design operating variables for the adsorption-desorption cycle. It was found that the flow rate and concentration of flue gas have dominant nonlinear effects on the breakthrough time while the desorption time was strongly affected by the sweep gas flowrate for the specific sorbent being evaluated in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104481"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrated multi-attribute transform and seismic driven machine learning technique for geomechanical assessment of Cenozoic reservoirs and seal integrity for carbon storage in the Central Gulf of Mexico 综合多属性变换和地震驱动机器学习技术在墨西哥湾中部新生代储层地质力学评价和封存完整性中的应用

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104480

J.A. Ademilola, Jack C. Pashin

{"title":"Integrated multi-attribute transform and seismic driven machine learning technique for geomechanical assessment of Cenozoic reservoirs and seal integrity for carbon storage in the Central Gulf of Mexico","authors":"J.A. Ademilola, Jack C. Pashin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Assessing the geomechanical integrity of seals and storage reservoirs is important prior to carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) storage because it can determine the safety of storage, containment and stability of a proposed storage, and helps minimize the possibility of CO<sub>2</sub> leakage. This study has integrated simultaneous seismic inversion, multi-attribute transform, and a probabilistic neural network, and uses geophysical well logs to evaluate geomechanical parameters for reservoir and seal integrity assessment of Cenozoic strata. Results indicate that candidate reservoir and seal units identified from wells in the study area possesses greater failure strength than the in-situ stresses and are geomechanically stable. However, there is possibility of tensile failure occurring when the injection get to the mature stage and the effective minimum stress crosses the zero effective normal stress line. Each candidate reservoir storage unit has higher rock strength than its overlying shale layer. The thickness of the caprock units is adequately high to provide effective seal and the thickness of the reservoirs are sufficient to support optimal CO<sub>2</sub> storage resources in the study area. The friction angle of Pliocene–Pleistocene strata is adequately high especially in the eastern part of the study area to minimize the risk of fault reactivation and associated deformation. Additional work can be performed to simulate the response of seals, reservoirs, and geomechanical deformation at variable rates and durations of injection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104480"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Invertible Neural Networks based petrophysical inversion for carbon sequestration projects 基于可逆神经网络的固碳项目岩石物理反演

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104460

Arnab Dhara, Sohini Dasgupta, Mrinal K. Sen

{"title":"Invertible Neural Networks based petrophysical inversion for carbon sequestration projects","authors":"Arnab Dhara, Sohini Dasgupta, Mrinal K. Sen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Time-lapse seismic data has shown great promise in accurate monitoring of CO<sub>2</sub> injection sites. There are many sources of uncertainty in derived rock porosity and CO<sub>2</sub> saturation from time lapse seismic data. Variability in noise during data acquisition and noise inherent in seismic data can degrade signal quality and contribute to uncertainty in derived saturation estimates. The process of deriving saturation estimates involves solving an ill-posed, non-unique and highly non-linear seismic petrophysical inversion. Deep learning, particularly utilizing convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has demonstrated potential in addressing such complex and nonlinear seismic inversion challenges. Neural networks frequently find it challenging to offer reliable uncertainty estimates similar to those achieved with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques which are widely recognized for their statistical rigor in solving inverse problems. However, MCMC techniques are computationally expensive due to the need for repeated forward model evaluations to adequately sample the posterior distribution. To address this issue, we investigate the use of Invertible Neural Networks (INNs) to predict the full posterior distribution of porosity and CO<sub>2</sub> saturation directly from time lapse data and capture the related uncertainty. INNs provide bijective mapping between data (input) and models (output) and uses a latent vector sampled from a Gaussian distribution to model the uncertainty. Our proposed approach is validated using two seismic vintages and well-logs from the Cranfield reservoir.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104460"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The financial implications of injectivity risk in compartmentalized storage formations for geologic carbon sequestration 地质碳封存区隔储层注入风险的财务影响

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104463

Christopher Deranian , Sahar Bakhshian , Susan D. Hovorka

{"title":"The financial implications of injectivity risk in compartmentalized storage formations for geologic carbon sequestration","authors":"Christopher Deranian , Sahar Bakhshian , Susan D. Hovorka","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining injectivity over the planned duration is a major driver of risk in CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> storage projects. Current insurance considerations are largely focused on leakage and well remediation, while operational issues from past carbon storage projects have shown injectivity issues due to unanticipated formation compartmentalization is a real risk. The financial penalty due to the disruption of injection operations is large for a site operator. This study explores the effect of storage compartment size and geologic boundary condition on injectivity, and the subsequent financial implications. Risk profiles of injectivity are generated through reservoir simulations constrained by statistics from a CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> storage prospect on the Gulf Coast. A financial tool is built to understand the impact on project value when an injectivity issue occurs and an offset well needs to be drilled. We observe that even in relatively closed boundary conditions, pressure arising from the CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> injection can dissipate in the formation to allow injection over the project life. The economic feasibility of a storage project that does face an injectivity issue depends on the year of the injection issue occurrence. This study helps understand the injectivity risk, project contingency, and the financial feasibility of mitigation options required to establish robust assurance against this risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104463"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

De-risking overburden and caprocks for CO2 storage using machine-learning seismic fault attributes 利用机器学习地震断层属性降低二氧化碳储存覆盖层和盖层的风险

IF 5.2 3区工程技术

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104471

Julián L. Gómez , Ane Elisabet Lothe

{"title":"De-risking overburden and caprocks for CO2 storage using machine-learning seismic fault attributes","authors":"Julián L. Gómez , Ane Elisabet Lothe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fault and fracture geometries, densities, and distributions play a critical role in assessing and mitigating risks associated with potential CO₂ storage sites in sedimentary basins, particularly saline aquifers. To enhance fault detection in 3D seismic data, we have developed, trained, and deployed a lightweight machine learning segmentation algorithm. This deep learning model, trained on synthetic seismic data, generates fault scores—pixel-scale classifications ranging from 0 to 1—where higher values indicate a greater likelihood of structural discontinuities. These fault scores are used to derive a fault density attribute, which summarizes the expected fault network distribution along seismic sections. Our workflow is computationally efficient and provides interpreters with valuable insight into the lateral and vertical distribution of faults. We apply this methodology to a 3D seismic survey of the Smeaheia area, Norway, covering the N-S trending Vette Fault and sections of the Øygarden Fault Complex (ØFC). Fault mapping was conducted at the reservoir level, as well as in the caprock and overburden. The detected fault patterns at the top of the Draupne Formation, the presumed caprock unit in the region, and fault pattern at the Top Cromer Knoll Group, align well with manual interpretations. Additionally, in the footwall of the deep-crustal ØFC, we identify faults extending to the seafloor, suggesting that a non-negligible fault density may be present within the caprock. Our results are compared with 3D variance and 3D semblance seismic attributes, further validating the efficacy of our approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104471"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0