Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics最新文献

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Wave dynamics of stress-driven nonlocal beams in a temperature-dependent magnetic field 温度相关磁场中应力驱动非局部光束的波动动力学
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01545-6
D. Indronil, I. M. Nazmul
{"title":"Wave dynamics of stress-driven nonlocal beams in a temperature-dependent magnetic field","authors":"D. Indronil, I. M. Nazmul","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01545-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00161-026-01545-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149359659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accurate nonlinear analytical solutions for square thin membranes under various transverse distributed loads 各种横向分布载荷作用下方形薄膜的精确非线性解析解
IF 3 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-11-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01548-3
Da-Guang Zhang
{"title":"Accurate nonlinear analytical solutions for square thin membranes under various transverse distributed loads","authors":"Da-Guang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01548-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00161-026-01548-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study uses a double sine series to extend the deflection and introduces an innovative Airy stress function—originally developed for rectangular plates—to analyze the non-linear behaviour of rectangular membranes. The method effectively captures the coupling between deflection and in-plane forces and accommodates generalized in-plane boundary conditions, overcoming key limitations of traditional analytical approaches. The energy variational method is used to derive a system of nonlinear algebraic equations which are solved iteratively, ensuring computational robustness and rapid convergence. Compared to finite difference and finite element methods, the proposed approach yields higher accuracy in the calculation of central deflection and both central and edge stresses. It not only advances membrane theory, but also provides an accurate and practical benchmark for applications in aerospace, architecture and materials science. The error in central deflection is conservatively estimated to be below 0.12%, while the error in central stress is below 0.05%; meanwhile, the edge stress has converged to five significant digits or close to that level—a significant improvement over existing solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural viscosity, thermal waves, and the Mpemba effect from extended statistical dynamics 结构粘度、热波和扩展统计动力学的Mpemba效应
IF 3 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-11-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01542-9
Patrick BarAvi
{"title":"Structural viscosity, thermal waves, and the Mpemba effect from extended statistical dynamics","authors":"Patrick BarAvi","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01542-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00161-026-01542-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Classical hydrodynamics commonly treats matter through translational degrees of freedom and local constitutive laws. This approximation does not directly describe finite structural response, orientational relaxation, anisotropic transport, or non-Fourier heat propagation. Here we formulate an extended kinetic framework in which each constituent is described by position, momentum, orientation, angular momentum, and internal deformation variables. Starting from a kinetic equation on this enlarged phase space, we derive macroscopic moment equations and obtain constitutive relations using a Chapman–Enskog-type expansion within a mode-dependent BGK closure. The formal expansion parameter measures microscopic–macroscopic scale separation and is distinct from the finite structural length of the constituents, which is retained in the extended dynamics, collision geometry, and transport coefficients. Selected orientational and heat-flux moments are likewise retained with finite relaxation times. The resulting model contains a dynamical spin equation coupled to flow vorticity and a Cattaneo-type heat-flux equation with structural contributions to thermal conductivity. The BGK closure determines the qualitative structure and scaling of these terms but not rigorous numerical prefactors or complete cross-mode correlations. We further discuss finite-speed transport, a structural contribution to shock width, and coupled translational–rotational thermal relaxation. The Lyapunov contribution to orientational relaxation and the numerical estimate for the thermal crossover are presented as heuristic, model-dependent predictions, and the shock-width contribution is given as a scaling estimate. The framework provides a finite-structure kinetic route to generalized hydrodynamics while identifying the collision-operator analysis and experimental validation required for quantitative completion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numerical solution in a micropolar thermoelastic cubic crystal by finite difference method 微极热弹性立方晶体的有限差分法数值解
IF 3 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-10-31 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01538-5
Praveen Ailawalia, Marin Marin, Vikas Sharma, Andreas Öchsner
{"title":"Numerical solution in a micropolar thermoelastic cubic crystal by finite difference method","authors":"Praveen Ailawalia,&nbsp;Marin Marin,&nbsp;Vikas Sharma,&nbsp;Andreas Öchsner","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01538-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00161-026-01538-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study delves into the response of a micropolar thermoelastic medium with cubic symmetry, focusing on solving the governing equations specific to a two dimensional scenario. The displacement, stress, microrotation, and temperature distribution components within the physical domain are determined using both implicit and explicit numerical methods. Graphical representations of numerical results are provided for a specific material, employing finite difference principles in the numerical methods. A comparative analysis of the solutions highlights unexpected similarities, marking a notable outcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Friction stir welding in dissimilar materials: a comprehensive review and numerical thermal investigation for aluminum–polymer joint 异种材料搅拌摩擦焊:铝-聚合物接头的综合综述和数值热研究
IF 3 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-10-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01543-8
Khamda Herbandono, Harry Purnama, Dede Santoso, Katri Yulianto
{"title":"Friction stir welding in dissimilar materials: a comprehensive review and numerical thermal investigation for aluminum–polymer joint","authors":"Khamda Herbandono,&nbsp;Harry Purnama,&nbsp;Dede Santoso,&nbsp;Katri Yulianto","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01543-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00161-026-01543-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Friction stir welding (FSW) offers a promising solid-state approach for joining dissimilar materials in lightweight structures; however, aluminum–polymer systems present substantial thermophysical mismatches that lead to asymmetric heat transfer, complex interfacial behavior, and a narrow processing window that may induce polymer degradation. This study provides a comprehensive review of thermomechanical numerical simulation in dissimilar FSW, with particular emphasis on aluminum–polymer joints, complemented by a numerical thermal investigation of an AA6061–polycarbonate (PC) lap joint. Bibliometric analysis and systematic review of Scopus-indexed papers published between 2005 and 2026 were conducted to identify research evolution, thermomechanical fundamental, modeling strategies, state of the art, and critical research gaps. To complement the review, a coupled thermal finite-element model incorporating a DFLUX heat source and GAPCON interfacial conductance was developed and evaluated against in-situ infrared thermography. The model predicted a peak weld-center temperature of 248.13 °C, corresponding to a 0.05% deviation from the measured 248.0 °C, while the trailing-edge temperature reached 225.85 °C, with an 8.93% direct error. The predicted polymer-interface temperature of 147.7 °C falls within the PC glass-transition range (Tg ≈ 145–150 °C) and below the reported degradation onset. These findings demonstrate the potential of numerical thermal simulation to support assessment and predictive modeling of aluminum–polymer FSW, which exhibit significant differences in physical properties, to help predict the ideal process temperatures for joining processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149287877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Unified Two-Temperature Model for Photoacoustic, Hygrothermal, and Thermoelastic Interactions in Semiconductor Materials 半导体材料中光声、湿热和热弹性相互作用的统一双温度模型
IF 3 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-10-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01533-w
Taoufik Moulahi, Imed Kedim, E. S. Elidy, Abdelaala Ahmed
{"title":"A Unified Two-Temperature Model for Photoacoustic, Hygrothermal, and Thermoelastic Interactions in Semiconductor Materials","authors":"Taoufik Moulahi,&nbsp;Imed Kedim,&nbsp;E. S. Elidy,&nbsp;Abdelaala Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01533-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00161-026-01533-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel coupled multi-physical model is developed to investigate wave propagation in semiconductor elastic media under photothermal excitation, incorporating moisture diffusivity and photoacoustic effects under two-temperature theory. The governing equations describe the interaction between five fundamental field distributions: temperature, carrier density (plasma), elastic displacement, moisture concentration, and acoustic pressure. The photoacoustic wave equation is introduced to account for thermally induced acoustic pressure generation through volumetric thermal expansion, coupling thermal transients to stress wave propagation. The problem is formulated in two-dimensional space for an isotropic homogeneous semiconductor medium. Non-dimensional variables are introduced to simplify the analysis, and the normal mode analysis method is employed to convert the coupled system into ordinary differential equations. Analytical solutions are obtained using the boundary conditions. Numerical results and computational implementation are obtained using silicon material properties. The results demonstrate the coupled propagation of thermal, mechanical, electronic, moisture, and acoustic waves with finite propagation speeds. The thermoacoustic coupling is shown to be one-way: the pressure field is generated by the thermal transient but does not feed back into the thermal, elastic, carrier or moisture balances, so the model is a four-field reciprocally coupled system augmented by a driven acoustic field rather than a fully reciprocal five-field theory. The model provides a framework for characterizing semiconductor materials under combined photothermal, photoacoustic, and hygrothermal loading conditions relevant to microelectronic device reliability and nondestructive evaluation applications. All results are reported in non-dimensional variables; the conversion to physical units for silicon is given explicitly in Sect. 6.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149234308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unified analysis of stiffening and weakening size effects in nanobeams on Winkler–Pasternak foundations via local/nonlocal stress gradient elasticity 基于局部/非局部应力梯度弹性的纳米梁在Winkler-Pasternak基础上的加劲和弱化效应的统一分析
IF 3 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01537-6
Akbar Hassanpour, Hamid M. Sedighi, Victor A. Eremeyev
{"title":"Unified analysis of stiffening and weakening size effects in nanobeams on Winkler–Pasternak foundations via local/nonlocal stress gradient elasticity","authors":"Akbar Hassanpour,&nbsp;Hamid M. Sedighi,&nbsp;Victor A. Eremeyev","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01537-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00161-026-01537-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The free transverse vibration of Rayleigh nanobeams resting on a Winkler-Pasternak two-parameter elastic foundation is investigated within the local/nonlocal stress-driven gradient (LNStressG) elasticity framework. The constitutive model incorporates three length-scale parameters—the nonlocal characteristic length <span>({L}_{C})</span>, stress-gradient length scale <span>({L}_{l})</span>, and mixture parameter <span>(alpha)</span>—to capture both stiffness-stiffening and stiffness-weakening size-dependent responses within a thermodynamically consistent formulation. The model is validated against three independent benchmark solutions, achieving excellent agreement with the reference results. Four model hierarchies are systematically examined for clamped–clamped and pinned–pinned boundary conditions: the classical Rayleigh beam, purely stress-driven nonlocal model, two-phase local/nonlocal stress-driven model, and full LNStressG model. The Winkler and Pasternak parameters consistently increase stiffness, with the strongest influence observed in the fundamental mode of pinned–pinned beams and diminishing effects at higher modes as nonlocal constitutive stiffness dominates. The purely stress-driven nonlocal model exhibits exclusively stiffening behavior, whereas the full LNStressG model reveals competing effects: increasing <span>({L}_{C})</span> stiffens the response, while increasing <span>({L}_{l})</span> softens it. Their relative influence depends on mode number, boundary condition, and <span>(alpha)</span>. The results provide insight into substrate–size-effect interactions in nanobeam resonators, mass sensors, and energy harvesters.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00161-026-01537-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heating of a semi-infinite Hooke chain 半无限胡克链的加热
IF 3 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01536-7
Sergei D. Liazhkov
{"title":"Heating of a semi-infinite Hooke chain","authors":"Sergei D. Liazhkov","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01536-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00161-026-01536-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate unsteady ballistic heat transport in a semi-infinite Hooke chain with a free end subjected to an arbitrary heat source. We derive an exact integral representation for the kinetic temperature, together with a weak-dissipation lattice approximation and two continuum-type descriptions. The continualization of the discrete solution for the kinetic temperature in the weakly dissipative limit is obtained in two representations. The first is a symmetrical continuum solution based on an even extension of the source with respect to the boundary. The second is a discrete-continuum solution derived by applying a large-time asymptotic approximation to the fundamental solution at the fronts of the incident and reflected thermal waves in an instantaneously perturbed conservative semi-infinite chain. This solution retains a contribution from the interaction of the incident and reflected waves, which is absent in the symmetrical continuum solution. Analysis of sudden point heat supply indicates that, even in the non-dissipative chain, the discrete solution for the kinetic temperature exhibits pronounced large-time slowing near the free end, consistent with a local nonequilibrium plateau, whereas the symmetrical continuum representation predicts unbounded logarithmic growth. The results are expected to provide a benchmark for continuum models of heat transport in lattices with a free boundary.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nonlinear thermoelasticity within dual-phase-lag 双相滞后条件下的非线性热弹性
IF 3 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01534-9
Asmaa Fawzy, E. K. Rawy, W. Mahmoud, A. F. Ghaleb
{"title":"Nonlinear thermoelasticity within dual-phase-lag","authors":"Asmaa Fawzy,&nbsp;E. K. Rawy,&nbsp;W. Mahmoud,&nbsp;A. F. Ghaleb","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01534-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00161-026-01534-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A nonlinear thermoelastic model is developed based on previously established thermodynamically consistent models including a nonlinear thermoelastic model with a single thermal relaxation time [1] and a thermodynamically consistent dual-phase-lag (DPL) model for a rigid thermal conductor [2]. The present work combines both approaches into a unified framework, resulting in thermodynamically consistent nonlinear thermoelasticity within DPL theory. The proposed model provides a comprehensive framework for analyzing coupled phenomena at micro-scales and in rapid transient processes, including wave propagation problems where non-Fourier heat conduction effects are significant. Numerical results are presented for a concrete problem for Silicon to demonstrate the model’s applicability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nonlinear aero-thermal-induced vibrations of functionally graded beams using a quasi-3D beam formulation 用准三维梁公式研究功能梯度梁的非线性气动热激振动
IF 3 4区 工程技术
Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00161-026-01535-8
A. Mirsabetnazar, M. Faraji Oskouie, R. Ansari
{"title":"Nonlinear aero-thermal-induced vibrations of functionally graded beams using a quasi-3D beam formulation","authors":"A. Mirsabetnazar,&nbsp;M. Faraji Oskouie,&nbsp;R. Ansari","doi":"10.1007/s00161-026-01535-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00161-026-01535-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present work, the nonlinear responses of functionally graded beams experiencing large-amplitude vibrations under simultaneous aerodynamic excitation and rapid thermal loading are analyzed. Both thermal and mechanical material characteristics are considered to change continuously along the beam thickness. The temperature distribution is determined by solving the one-dimensional heat conduction equation in the thickness direction. The aerodynamic pressure effects are represented using the modified form of the third-order piston theory. Furthermore, the material properties are defined as functions of both the temperature field and the coordinate across the thickness, where the gradation is described by Voigt’s homogenization scheme, and the temperature dependency is introduced through the higher-order Touloukian model. To account for thickness-direction tension, the displacement field is defined using a quasi-3D theory incorporating a thickness-stretching parameter and a third-order shape function as proposed by Reddy. The strain components are then derived, including the von Kármán geometric nonlinearity. Using Hamilton’s variational principle, the motion equations are derived and expressed within a matrix formulation based on the VDQ approach, followed by spatial discretization. The temporal discretization is carried out through the implicit Newmark time-integration algorithm, enabling numerical computation of the structural response. A detailed parametric investigation is then performed to examine how primary design and environmental variables—such as flow velocity, geometric slenderness, imposed temperature field, and the material gradation index—influence the nondimensional transverse displacement of the beam.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":525,"journal":{"name":"Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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