International Journal of Thermophysics最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Approximations in Flash Thermal Diffusivity Measurements Using High-Fidelity Simulations","authors":"Tage T. Burnett,&nbsp;Jakob G. Bates,&nbsp;Matthew R. Jones,&nbsp;Christopher R. Dillon,&nbsp;John Tencer","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03766-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03766-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermal diffusivity is an important material property for understanding and characterizing transient behavior in many heat transfer applications. This study investigates the accuracy and approximations of inverse mathematical models for measuring thermal diffusivity of materials via the widely used Flash Method. High-fidelity simulations of the Flash Method in copper, silicon carbide, silicon, and glass were performed as numerical experiments and included physics such as in-depth absorption, radial conduction, and surface convection. Data from those numerical experiments were used to estimate material thermal diffusivity using seven traditional and new inverse models. Parker’s original model had relative errors <span>(epsilon &lt;5%)</span> when the approximations it makes were enforced in numerical experiments. Newer models performed well even when experimental restrictions were relaxed. Models that include radial heat conduction were capable of accurately measuring thermal diffusivity (<span>(epsilon &lt;1%)</span>) when a Gaussian energy source was used. Models with radial conduction and in-depth material absorption of the laser source could calculate thermal diffusivity for semi-transparent materials such as silicon (<span>(epsilon &lt;1%)</span>) and even transparent materials like glass (<span>(epsilon &lt;10%)</span>). Convective losses from the material’s front surface had a negligible impact on measurements except for very low thermal diffusivity materials. Using temperatures from many locations of the test material’s surface increased resilience to noise, reducing the distribution of thermal diffusivity measurements by more than an order of magnitude. The models developed in this study could enable a more relaxed Flash Method experimental setup that maintains thermal diffusivity accuracy and extend the utility of the Flash Method to semi-transparent materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147826994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Interactions in Terms of Thermophysical Properties of 1,3-Butanediol + Amine Derivatives at Varying Temperatures: Comparison with Models","authors":"Ameneh Alidoosti,&nbsp;Hossein Iloukhani,&nbsp;Khatereh Khanlarzadeh,&nbsp;Arash Pakravesh","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03709-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03709-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The volumetric, calorimetric, acoustic, and optic properties of binary solutions of 1,3-butanediol + butylamine, or dibutylamine, or ethanolamine, or 1-amino-2-propanol were investigated. Density (<i>ρ</i>), speed of sound (<i>u</i>), and refractive index (<span>({n}_{text{D}})</span>) were measured across the entire composition range at (298.15, 308.15, 318.15) K and 81.5 kPa. Difference temperature between before and after mixing, <span>(Delta)</span> <i>T</i> at 298.15 K was also determined. Upon these experimental parameters, the excess molar volume <span>({V}_{text{m}}^{text{E}})</span>, excess partial molar volume <span>({overline{V} }_{i}^{E})</span>, excess molar enthalpy<span>({H}_{m}^{E})</span>, excess partial molar enthalpy <span>({overline{H}}_{m,i})</span>, deviations in isentropic compressibility <span>({Delta k}_{text{s}})</span>, or in refractive index <span>({Delta n}_{text{D}})</span> were calculated. The<span>({V}_{text{m}}^{text{E}})</span>, <span>({Delta k}_{text{s}})</span>, <span>({H}_{m }^{E})</span>, and <span>({Delta text{n}}_{text{D}})</span> were correlated using the Redlich–Kister equation. The Perturbed Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) equation of state proved to be an effective tool for modeling the density and speed of sound for mixtures. Also the Free Length Theory (FLT) for speed of sound as predictive approach in these mixtures was applied. Additionally, three mixing rules were applied to predict the refractive index. The Wison, NRTL, and UNIQUAC models were also used to predict the excess molar enthalpies. These findings provide insights into intermolecular interactions, molecular size differences, and structural characteristics within mixtures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147827034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying Uncertainties in Heat Capacity Measurements of Molten Salts Determined Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry","authors":"Levi Gardner,&nbsp;Timothy Lichtenstein,&nbsp;Melissa A. Rose,&nbsp;William L. Ebert","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03760-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03760-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Uncertainty in specific heat capacity values of a molten salt determined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was assessed based on the precision of replicate measurements of heat flows used in the calculation and effects of corrections that are commonly made to heat flow measurements. The ratio method of determining heat capacity was applied using the results of replicate heat flow measurements made with two empty cells, a sapphire reference material, and three samples of a doped NaCl-UCl₃ salt mixture. Replicate measurements with empty cells were used to quantify the effects of system instabilities and sensitivities on the measured heat flows of sapphire and salt. The combined effects of uncertainties in individual heat flow measurements made with blank cells using this system were quantified to be 2.6 μV based on isothermal holds before and after the scan, with cell placement adding the greatest uncertainty. This value was used as the tolerance for accepting background-corrected heat flows measured with sapphire and salt to calculate the specific heat capacity. The acceptable heat flows measured for sapphire and salt over the temperature range of 540 to 725 °C resulted in calculated specific heat capacity values ranging from 0.53 to 0.91 J g⁻¹ K⁻¹ with an overall average value of 0.70 J g⁻¹ K⁻¹ and an uncertainty of 0.22 J g⁻¹ K⁻¹ at the 99 % confidence level. The combined uncertainty in the specific heat capacity masked detection of any effect of temperature or salt composition that occurred.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10765-026-03760-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Water/Acetonitrile on the Physical Properties of the Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent [TBAB:EG:OA]","authors":"Yingying Zuo,&nbsp;Rui Zhou,&nbsp;Yanli Zhang,&nbsp;Jianli Guo,&nbsp;Jian Wang,&nbsp;Jiao Wang,&nbsp;Shuyan Zang","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03761-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03761-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A ternary eutectic solvent (TDES [TBAB:EG:OA]) was prepared with a molar ratio of 1:1:1, using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as the hydrogen-bond acceptor and ethylene glycol (EG) and oxalic acid (OA) as hydrogen-bond donors. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that its formation originates from a complex noncovalent interaction network dominated by O–H…Br hydrogen bonds between components. The density, viscosity, and refractive index of the [TBAB:EG:OA] system mixed with water/acetonitrile were systematically measured over the full mole fraction range from 298.15 to 328.15 K. Based on experimental data, excess properties such as excess molar volume, viscosity deviation, and refractive index deviation were further investigated. The activation energy for viscous flow in the mixture was derived using the Arrhenius equation. The results indicate that TDES exhibits strong intermolecular interactions with both solvents, leading to negative excess volume and negative viscosity deviation in the mixed systems. Among them, the acetonitrile system demonstrates a more pronounced volume contraction effect and viscosity-reducing capability. Analysis of the refractive index deviation further confirms the presence of stronger hydrogen-bonding interactions between water and TDES. This work provides critical fundamental physical property data and molecular insights for understanding the structure–activity relationships in TDES/molecular solvent mixtures, thereby advancing process design and optimization for such green solvents in fields such as extraction and separation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Conductivity of R-1132(E): Experimental Determination and Modeling via Extended Corresponding States and Residual Entropy Scaling","authors":"Taskira Islam Hoimontee,&nbsp;Monjur Morshed,&nbsp;Md. Tachadduk Saber,&nbsp;Atiqur Rahman Tuhin,&nbsp;Takayoshi Matsunaga,&nbsp;Dipankar Tarafdar,&nbsp;Akio Miyara","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03741-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03741-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural refrigerants and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) have emerged as promising long-term alternatives to conventional refrigerants because of their zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) and very low Global Warming Potential (GWP), in accordance with the requirements of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol and relevant European Union regulations. Among these candidates, R-1132(E) has attracted considerable attention owing to its very low GWP and vapor pressure characteristics comparable to those of R-32, making it a potential component of next-generation refrigerant blends for air-conditioning applications such as R-474A and R-479A. In the present study, the thermal conductivity of R-1132(E) was measured and correlated using empirical models. Measurements were performed in both liquid and vapor phases using the well-established transient hot-wire technique with a 15 μm diameter platinum wire as the sensing element. Liquid-phase measurements were conducted over the temperature range 233 to 313 K at pressures between 2 MPa and 4 MPa, whereas vapor-phase measurements were obtained in the temperature range 292 to 398 K at pressures from 1 MPa to 4 MPa. The combined standard uncertainties of the thermal conductivity measurements were evaluated in accordance with the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement and were estimated to be 1.42 % in the liquid phase and 2.18 % in the vapor phase. Furthermore, empirical correlations for the thermal conductivity of R-1132(E) were developed using the Extended Corresponding States (ECS) method and a modified Residual Entropy Scaling (RES) approach based on the experimental data obtained in this work. Within the stated uncertainty limits, the proposed models reproduce the measured thermal conductivity data with high accuracy owing to optimized adjustable parameters determined through a dedicated fitting procedure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic Properties of Solid Neon from a Helmholtz Energy Equation of State up to 328 K and 5800 MPa","authors":"Chenyang Wang,&nbsp;Xiong Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03740-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03740-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermodynamic property data for solid neon have been analyzed to construct a new fundamental equation of state (EOS) expressed in terms of the Helmholtz energy. The formulation follows the quasi-harmonic Debye–Grüneisen framework and adopts the same Helmholtz energy structure as that used for solid argon, consistent with the general strategy previously developed for solid CO₂, benzene, and argon. The solid EOS is thermodynamically coupled to a reference fluid EOS along the sublimation and melting curves, enabling consistent calculations of solid–fluid phase equilibrium as well as single-phase solid properties up to 328 K and 5800 MPa. Model parameters were obtained by regression to a comprehensive literature dataset including cell volume, isobaric heat capacity, thermal expansivity, isothermal and isentropic bulk modulus, phase-equilibrium pressure, and phase-transition enthalpy. Within its intended range of application, the EOS reproduces fitted molar volumes typically within about 0.1 % along the sublimation curve and 0.5 % along both the melting curve and in the compressed solid. Heat capacity and thermal expansivity are represented with uncertainties of approximately 3 % to 10 % depending on temperature. Isothermal and isentropic bulk modulus are described to within about 3 % and 4 %, respectively, while sublimation and melting pressures are represented within approximately 2 % and 5 %. Overall, the new Helmholtz energy EOS provides a compact and internally consistent representation of solid neon thermodynamic properties suitable for cryogenic and high-pressure applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10765-026-03740-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-orbit Measurement of Thermal Conductivity of Na2Mo2O7 Melt under Microgravity Conditions on the China Space Station","authors":"Huidong Li,&nbsp;Ye Tao,&nbsp;Chengcheng Cao,&nbsp;Qiu Zhong,&nbsp;Liping Yang,&nbsp;Xiuhong Pan,&nbsp;Zijun Xu,&nbsp;Caiyun Luo,&nbsp;Zhijie Jia","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03764-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03764-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growth of high-quality Na₂Mo₂O₇ single crystals, a promising scintillator material, is critically dependent on the precise knowledge of their melt’s thermophysical properties. However, obtaining the intrinsic thermal conductivity of high-temperature melts is notoriously challenging on Earth due to buoyancy-driven convection. Here, we report the first direct measurement of the thermal conductivity of molten Na₂Mo₂O₇, accomplished by employing a self-developed transient hot-wire system aboard the China Space Station. The microgravity environment effectively suppressed convection, enabling accurate measurement within the 750–900 °C range. Results reveal that the intrinsic thermal conductivity decreases monotonically from approximately 0.457 W/(m·K) to 0.416 W/(m·K) with increasing temperature, a trend attributed to the phonon-dominated conduction mechanism. In contrast, terrestrial measurements yielded systematically higher values (by 12.0–16.6%) due to convective contributions. This work not only fills a critical data gap for optimizing crystal growth but also establishes a robust methodology for probing the thermophysical properties of high-temperature melts in space.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Non-contact Measurements of Thermal Diffusivity Using High-Speed Infrared Camera","authors":"Marcos Vinicius Cerri Silva,&nbsp;Takumi Pascal Shimizu,&nbsp;Atsuki Okada,&nbsp;Katsuaki Hashikuni,&nbsp;Koji Miyazaki","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03762-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03762-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and Modeling Study of 1-Heptene/1-Alkanol Mixtures","authors":"Adel Noubigh,&nbsp;Mohammad Almasi,&nbsp;Nasim Rahmani-Ivriq","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03759-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03759-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work provides the thermophysical characterization of binary mixtures of 1-heptene and a homologous series of primary 1-alkanols (C₅–C₁₀) across the temperature range of 293.15 to 323.15 K. The primary aim was to elucidate the intermolecular interaction mechanisms driving the non-ideal behavior of these systems. Experimental volumetric analysis revealed that excess molar volumes (<i>V</i>^<i>E</i>) exhibit consistent negative deviations across the entire composition range. Notably, the magnitude of these deviations displays a dual dependence: it increases with rising temperature and systematically intensifies as the alkyl chain of the alcohol extends. Concurrently, viscosity deviations (<i>Δη</i>) were found to be negative for all systems; however, their magnitude decreases as the hydrocarbon chain lengthens. This trend suggests that the incorporation of larger non-polar moieties in longer-chain alcohols attenuates the specific interaction effects observed in shorter homologs. To validate the volumetric trends, the Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) coupled with Density Gradient Theory (DGT) was utilized for excess molar volume modeling. The theoretical predictions demonstrated remarkable agreement with experimental data across all studied systems, yielding Average Absolute Relative Deviations (AARD) ranging from 1.4 to 2.4% and <i>R</i>^<i>2</i> values of 0.998 or higher. This confirms the robustness of the combined DGT + PC-SAFT framework in accurately describing the thermodynamic behavior of these olefin-alcohol blends.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inorganic Phase-Change Materials for Building Thermal Management: Integration Strategies, Performance Studies, Numerical Modeling, and AI Applications: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Bharathiraja R,&nbsp;Suresh S,&nbsp;Dhinakaran Veeman,&nbsp;Mohamed Iqbal Shajahan","doi":"10.1007/s10765-026-03758-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-026-03758-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Building energy consumption contributes to a major part of the energy consumption, which creates pressure on long-term sustainability and explains the need for effective thermal management solutions. Phase-change materials (PCMs) for building thermal management, particularly inorganic PCMs, have emerged as innovative solutions for increasing building energy efficiency. However, the practical use of inorganic PCMs faces some limitations, such as low thermal conductivity, leakage, and supercooling effects. These limitations can be addressed by integrating strategies involving encapsulation, nano-addition, and shape stabilization of inorganic PCMs. The current review comprehensively addresses the integration of inorganic PCMs in building materials using different methods and highlights case studies involving heating and cooling in buildings. The review also explores various numerical simulation studies conducted using inorganic PCMs integrated with different building structures, such as floors, walls, ceilings, and floors. The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in building thermal management is briefly explained with the three subsets of AI and practical applications with inorganic PCMs. This review addresses the importance of inorganic PCMs in enhancing temperature regulation and energy storage, thus promoting sustainable energy use in buildings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}