Solar RRL最新文献

{"title":"Solvent-Tailored Carbon Paste for Effective Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Atittaya Naikaew,&nbsp;Supavidh Burimart,&nbsp;Ladda Srathongsian,&nbsp;Chaowaphat Seriwattanachai,&nbsp;Patawee Sakata,&nbsp;Kanokwan Choodam,&nbsp;Kittikhun Khotmungkhun,&nbsp;Waroot Kanlayakan,&nbsp;Pimsuda Pansa-Ngat,&nbsp;Ko Ko Shin Thant,&nbsp;Thanawat Kanlayapattamapong,&nbsp;Pipat Ruankham,&nbsp;Hideki Nakajima,&nbsp;Ratchadaporn Supruangnet,&nbsp;Pongsakorn Kanjanaboos","doi":"10.1002/solr.202570080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202570080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Perovskite Solar Cells</b></p><p>In article number 2400910, Pongsakorn Kanjanaboos and co-workers modified commercial carbon paste via a simple solution-based method to create flexible and smooth carbon sheets with high and homogeneous conductivity values. The hydrophobic sheets protect perovskite solar cells, promoting good charge transfer and high photovoltaic performance.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202570080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heuristic Rule of Thumb for Tandem Solar Cells and Perspectives for the Future","authors":"Martina Schmid","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photovoltaics has gained significant interest as renewable electricity source. For cost reduction, maximizing efficiency is paramount. Tandem solar cells, combining two absorbers with different band gaps, offer improved solar spectrum utilization. Hereby, a two-terminal configuration simplifies the layer structure but demands current matching. While the search for new, especially top absorber materials continues, we focus on fundamental tandem solar cell principles to emphasize key requirements. We analyze how top-cell transparency affects bottom-cell performance in stacked tandems. Imperfect transmission impacts the bottom cell, but in a current-matched device, even the top-cell efficiency. To match the bottom-cell performance, 50% top-cell transmission and 50% efficiency relative to the single bottom cell are required, but higher values to surpass it. Subgap transparency remains a critical challenge, underscoring the need for top-cell efficiencies approaching those of the bottom cell. To relax particularly current-matching constraints, concepts like luminescent coupling, wavelength-selective intermediate reflectors, or bifacial illumination may be considered. Operating under light concentration further enhances efficiency and better justifies tandem fabrication costs. Looking ahead, bifacial tandem concentrator cells, in a three-terminal configuration and combined with spectrum-splitting optics to reduce optical losses and improve adaptability to variable illumination, offer an innovative pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Transparent Conducting Oxide on the Performance of Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells for Indoor Applications","authors":"Patricia Sánchez-Fernández,&nbsp;Valid Mwalukuku,&nbsp;Marta Miró-Llorente,&nbsp;Renán Escalante,&nbsp;Pedro Vidal-Fuentes,&nbsp;Maxim Guc,&nbsp;Paul Pistor,&nbsp;Gerko Oskam,&nbsp;Clara A. Aranda,&nbsp;Juan A. Anta","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500077","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Improving the performance of dye-sensitised solar cells (DSC) under artificial light sources and at low light intensities requires preserving the adequate electron transport properties in the sensitised photoanode that are characteristic of DSC operation at 1 sun. Besides, parasitic resistance and optical losses must be reduced. In this respect, the impact of the chemical and electrical properties of the transparent conducting oxide (TCO) has somehow been overlooked. Considering the systematic reduction of the electron diffusion length as the low quasi-Fermi level regime is approached, subtle variations of the properties of the TiO₂ photoanode and its interaction with the TCO substrate can compromise optimal performance under indoor illumination. In this work, the performance of DSCs fabricated with commercial fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates, as well as newly prepared ITO substrates of varying conductivity, has been analysed. Furthermore, a variation of the preparation conditions for the TiO₂-based photoanodes was conducted, with thermal treatments at two different annealing temperatures (450 and 550°C). Photovoltaic characterisation and analysis of the impedance response reveal a low conductivity of the substrate proves to be only adverse under 1 sun illumination, deteriorating the fill factor due to the series resistance voltage drop. In contrast, under low illumination intensity, all studied substrates show comparable performance, which can be attributed to the negligible voltage drop over the series resistance related to the significantly lower photocurrent. As a consequence, the conductivity of the TCO substrate is less critical when selecting a substrate for indoor applications. However, the choice of TCO affects the quality of TiO₂ photoanodes, leading to shorter diffusion lengths in some cases. Interestingly, the annealing temperature plays a critical role in homogenising the differences observed while also enhancing the diffusion length, ensuring efficient electron collection under low light conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of an International Comparison of Indoor Photovoltaic Measurements Among Seven Metrological Institutes","authors":"Afsaneh Eghbali,&nbsp;Petri Kärhä,&nbsp;Erkki Ikonen,&nbsp;Ingo Kröger,&nbsp;Yean-San Long,&nbsp;Min-An Tsai,&nbsp;Karsten Bothe,&nbsp;David Hinken,&nbsp;Özcan Bazkir,&nbsp;Jimmy Dubard,&nbsp;Pierre Betis,&nbsp;George Koutsourakis,&nbsp;James Blakesley,&nbsp;Daniel E. Parsons,&nbsp;Stefan Winter","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400855","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents results of an intercomparison of indoor photovoltaics (PVs) among seven metrological institutes. Three types of solar cells were measured; organic and amorphous silicon cells representing current indoor products in the market and a reference solar cell. Three different light sources—AM1.5G, International Commission of Illumination Standard Illuminant A, and light-emitting diodes (LED) L41—were used at illuminance levels 100–2000 lx. Each laboratory reported short-circuit current as mandatory. Open-circuit voltage, maximum power, and differential spectral responsivity were reported where possible. Measurements revealed notable discrepancies. At the 1000 lx level, best agreement of 7% as standard deviation was achieved for the amorphous silicon cell using Standard Illuminant A. Similarly, the worst agreement of 37% was found for the reference cell using AM1.5G. Measurement methods varied across the laboratories. Some participants used lamps for Standard Illuminant A and LED L41. These measurements were generally in agreement but deviated from measurements with LED-based solar simulators, due to differences in measurement geometry, spectral properties, and treatment of infrared. Different illuminance measurement approaches, using either calibrated reference cells or luxmeters, further impacted consistency. This study highlights need for harmonized procedures to support reliable performance assessment of indoor PVs and gives recommendations to account for in standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Mitigating Delamination in Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Modules”","authors":"Muzhi Li,&nbsp;Reinhold H. Dauskardt,&nbsp;Adam D. Printz,&nbsp;Nicholas Rolston","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoluminescence Degradation in Metal Halide Perovskites: Is In-Situ Study with Concentrated Sunlight Possible?","authors":"Rafael Fleischman,&nbsp;Max Grischek,&nbsp;Jiahuan Zhang,&nbsp;Florian Scheler,&nbsp;Georgios E. Arnaoutakis,&nbsp;Mark Khenkin,&nbsp;Carolin Ulbrich,&nbsp;Steve Albrecht,&nbsp;Eugene A. Katz","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is a valuable tool fordegradation studies of perovskite-based photovoltaic materials. The wavelength-sensitive nature of the photo-induced processes implies a preference for sunlight as the photo-excitation source for such PL studies. This study reports on the design and experimental validation of a new setup for the in situ study of PL degradation in metal halide perovskites using concentrated natural sunlight in a wide range of solar concentrations and sample temperatures. The system allows the sample to be excited with the entire solar spectrum while successfully filtering undesired reflected sunlight using two orthogonal polarization filters. Depending on temperature and solar concentration, we observed three types of perovskite PL behavior: stable PL response, without degradation; reversible PL degradation with stable ultraviolet–visible light absorption; and nonreversible PL degradation accompanied with the variation of light absorption.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exceeding 13% Power Conversion Efficiency of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 Thin-Film Solar Cells with AgNWs/TiOx Composite Transparent Conductive Window Layer","authors":"Yongliang Lai,&nbsp;Bowen Liu,&nbsp;Dongdong Shen,&nbsp;Zhuoer Deng,&nbsp;Xinan Shi,&nbsp;Daocheng Pan","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500092","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Indium tin oxide (ITO) is usually served as the transparent conductive electrode of Cu(In, Ga)(S, -Se)₂ (CIGSSe) solar cells. However, ITO is fabricated by sputtering method, which will increase the cost of CIGSSe solar cells and prevent its large-scale market applications in the future. Hence, it is particularly important to develop low-cost transparent conductive window layers to replace the traditional ITO. Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are considered to be the most promising alternative to ITO. Compared with sputtered ITO, AgNWs have the advantages of high transmittance, low cost, and easy fabrication. Nevertheless, the poor adhesion and stability of AgNWs can prevent the transportation of carriers of CIGSSe solar cells. Here, we select amorphous TiO_<i>x</i> as an adjuvant to fabricate AgNWs/TiO_<i>x</i> composite transparent conductive layer to substitute the traditional ITO. Under the assistance of TiO_<i>x</i> matrix, not only the connection, adhesion, and stability of AgNWs are greatly enhanced, but also the surface roughness of AgNWs is also reduced. The influence of AgNWs concentration on the performance of CIGSSe solar cells is investigated. When the AgNWs concentration is 2.5 mg/mL, the transmittance and sheet resistance of AgNWs thin film are 93.35% and 93 Ω/sq, respectively, and the devices achieved the highest efficiency of 13.59%.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective In Situ TOPCon Gettering of Epitaxially Grown Silicon Wafers during Bottom Solar Cell Fabrication","authors":"Clara Rittmann,&nbsp;Pascal Messmer,&nbsp;Florian Schindler,&nbsp;Jana-Isabelle Polzin,&nbsp;Armin Richter,&nbsp;Charlotte Weiss,&nbsp;Martin C. Schubert,&nbsp;Stefan Janz,&nbsp;Marion Drießen","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400908","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Epitaxially grown silicon wafers (EpiWafers) have a lower carbon footprint than conventional wafers produced by ingot crystallization but have also a lower initial material quality which can be significantly improved by gettering. We show that in situ gettering during the application of asymmetric n-type and p-type tunnel oxide passivating contacts (TOPCon) increases the material quality of n-type EpiWafers when fabricating bottom solar cells for a perovskite-silicon tandem device. In specific, the gettering effect of the TOPCon layers is compared to phosphorus gettering by systematically evaluating minority charge carrier lifetimes of n-type EpiWafers with base resistivities between 0.5 and 16 Ωcm. For the 1.3 Ωcm EpiWafers, the average lifetimes increase from above 100  µs in the initial state to above 1 ms after TOPCon gettering as well as after phosphorus gettering. To evaluate the impact of the EpiWafers’ quality on cell performance, implied solar cell parameters are calculated from injection-dependent lifetime images for TOPCon bottom solar cell precursors with and without previous phosphorus gettering. The very high electronic wafer quality obtained after TOPCon processing demonstrates that the EpiWafers are very well suited for TOPCon bottom solar cells without the need of an additional phosphorus gettering step.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202400908","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppressing Potential-Induced Degradation in Perovskite Solar Cells Through Sodium-Free Substrate","authors":"Hasan Raza,&nbsp;Qisen Zhou,&nbsp;Zhaoyi Jiang,&nbsp;Aadil Mahboob,&nbsp;You Gao,&nbsp;Jianan Wang,&nbsp;Wenguang Liu,&nbsp;Yong Cai,&nbsp;Zhengtian Tan,&nbsp;Tianyin Miao,&nbsp;Salman Ali,&nbsp;Zonghao Liu,&nbsp;Wei Chen","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400921","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising photovoltaic (PV) technology due to their superior power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, potential-induced degradation (PID) has been recognized as a critical issue in contemporary commercial solar systems, impeding reliability and commercialization. The migration of sodium (Na) ions from substrates is considered a key contributor to the PID of PV technologies under high-voltage stress conditions. Strategies for mitigating or suppressing PID remain underexplored in PSCs. Here, for the first time, an approach using a Na-free substrate is introduced to suppress the PID of PSCs under high humidity and elevated temperature, aligned with standard testing conditions (ICE 62804−1). It is demonstrated that Na-free glass-based devices maintained 91% of their initial PCE, while soda-lime glass (SLG)-based retained only 52%. After extended testing (1056 h), Na-free glass-based devices retained 96.61% of their initial PCE at 25°C and 60% relative humidity, outperforming SLG-based devices, which failed entirely after 576 h. Na-free glass-based devices recovered 99.6% of their initial PCE after 96 h of post-PID dark storage and retained 96.44% after 3072 h. These findings provide a pathway to accelerate the commercialization of PSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells Featuring Localized Front Contacts","authors":"Sebastian Smits,&nbsp;Yifeng Zhao,&nbsp;Paul Procel Moya,&nbsp;Luana Mazzarella,&nbsp;Olindo Isabella","doi":"10.1002/solr.202570071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202570071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Solar Cells</b>\u0000 </p><p>In article number 2400898, Sebastian Smits and co-workers develop a novel method to localize the front carrier-selective passivating contact in silicon heterojunction solar cells. Using this method, they demonstrated high short-circuit current density without compromising fill factor and surface passivation, enabling efficiency improvement of up to 2%_abs.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202570071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}