Solar RRL最新文献

{"title":"Modulating Molecular Interaction of Benzimidazole Derivatives Via Isomerization Toward Rational Additive Engineering for Printable Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Chuang Yang,&nbsp;Wenjing Hu,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Li,&nbsp;Jiale Liu,&nbsp;Chaoyang Wang,&nbsp;Yang Zhou,&nbsp;Anyi Mei,&nbsp;Hongwei Han","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500530","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Defect states at the boundaries and the perovskite/electron transport layer (ETL) interface critically induce charge recombination in printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (p-MPSCs). Herein, we engineer the defect management by introducing two multifunctional benzimidazole derivative additives, 1H-benzimidazole-2-carboxylicacid (2-CBIm) and 5-benzimidazolecarboxylic acid (5-CBIm), which are isomers with different functional group positions, for improving the performance of p-MPSCs. The functional group position differences modulate the defect passivation ability of 2-CBIm and 5-CBIm in p-MPSCs. 5-CBIm, featuring desired distribution of the carboxyl group and the imidazole group, presents superior binding with perovskite and the TiO₂ ETL than 2-CBIm, whose interaction ability is influenced by the steric effect. The enhanced interaction facilitates defect passivation and nonradiative recombination suppression in p-MPSCs. Consequently, the 5-CBIm device achieves a well-improved champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.61%, surpassing the 2-CBIm device (19.40%) and the control device (18.17%). This work contributes to a better understanding of structure–property relationships and opens extended possibilities for designing advanced defect passivation additives.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145341487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Photothermal Evaporation: Advances in the Optimal Design of Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation","authors":"Yao Lu,&nbsp;Xiaohua Liu,&nbsp;Heyu Jin,&nbsp;Junnan Jiang,&nbsp;Hongyu Ge,&nbsp;Lin Mu","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500553","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The escalating global population and intensifying pollution have brought the freshwater crisis into sharp focus. Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE), recognized as a green, low- cost, and highly efficient solution, has garnered widespread attention. SDIE is a complex multiphysics coupled system, and its underlying physical mechanisms cannot be fully revealed by experimental methods alone. Numerical simulation techniques provide a powerful tool for elucidating these intrinsic mechanisms and optimizing material selection and system design. This review synthesizes the latest research and breakthrough advances in applying numerical simulations to investigate SDIE. It summarizes key aspects, including thermal management, water transport, water evaporation, and salt resistance within these systems, offering valuable research directions for advancing the practical application of this technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145341488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Chemical Bath and Drop-Casting Strategy for CoV2O6/BiVO4 Heterostructure Fabrication to Improve Charge Separation and Boost Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting","authors":"Tahir Naveed Jahangir,&nbsp;Alanud S. F Almelehi,&nbsp;Muhammad Younas,&nbsp;Tarek A. Kandiel","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500470","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Developing a facile approach for the fabrication of high-quality BiVO₄ films is essential to enhance the photoelectrochemical performance of BiVO₄ photoanodes. Herein, we report a novel dual chemical bath deposition and drop-casting strategy for fabricating pinhole-free CoV₂O₆/BiVO₄ heterostructure. First, a Co(OH)₂ layer was grown on an FTO substrate via chemical bath deposition. Then, a Bi/V precursor mixture was drop-cast and annealed to obtain high-quality CoV₂O₆/BiVO₄ photoanodes. This dual-deposition approach was crucial for preventing pinhole formation and thereby minimizing the solution-mediated back-reduction reaction at the FTO back contact. Photoelectrochemical measurements revealed that the CoV₂O₆/BiVO₄ photoanodes exhibited a fivefold increase in photocurrent compared to pristine BiVO₄ photoanodes. After modification with water oxidation cocatalysts, the photoanodes delivered a stable photocurrent density of 4.55 mA cm⁻² at 1.23 V_RHE. They demonstrated a Faradaic efficiency of 95% and achieved an applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 1.45%, representing a sevenfold improvement over pristine BiVO₄. The enhanced photoelectrocatalytic performance is primarily attributed to the formation of the pinhole-free CoV₂O₆/BiVO₄ heterostructure, which suppresses surface recombination and extends the lifetime of photogenerated holes, as confirmed by transient photocurrent and intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy measurements. The developed dual-deposition strategy is facile and can be applied to other metal oxide-based photoanodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Facile Anti-Solvent Method to Simultaneously Improve Efficiency and Reproducibility of Layer-by-Layer Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Xie Di,&nbsp;Xiang Huang,&nbsp;Yi Jin,&nbsp;Rui Hu,&nbsp;Xiaojie Ren,&nbsp;Yitong Ji,&nbsp;Xiaotong Liu,&nbsp;Xueyuan Yang,&nbsp;Wenchao Huang","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500210","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Layer-by-layer (LBL) spin-coating is a widely recognized method for developing high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs). However, in the LBL device with a conventional architecture, the residual solvents trapped in the underlying donor film will affect the interface between donor and acceptor materials as well as the morphology of upper acceptor materials, thus leading to poor reproducibility and efficiency. This study provides a facile strategy that spin-coats a mixed solvent of methanol and acetic acid, facilitating the removal of residual solvents from the donor material. The introduction of the mixed anti-solvent can also optimize the roughness, facilitate the crystallization of the donor material, and improve interfacial properties. The devices without any further treatment exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.8%, while devices treated with pristine methanol achieve an efficiency up to 18.4%. Notably, devices treated with mixed methanol and acetic acid further boost efficiency to 19.3%. Furthermore, this approach is also applicable to flexible OSCs, yielding an efficiency of 18.0%.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steady-State Carrier Distribution under Short-Circuit Conditions—Role of Electric Field and Generation Rate Profiles in homo-pn Solar Cells","authors":"Isshin Sumiyoshi,&nbsp;Yoshitaro Nose","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500437","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>_SC) represents the maximum extractable current for photovoltaics, and closing the gap to its radiative limit is crucial for advanced and emerging technologies. However, analysis of its losses remains unstructured, because the classical current density expression—proportional to carrier concentration and gradient of quasi-Fermi levels—becomes cumbersome under short-circuit conditions. Most simulations therefore focus on the maximum-power point, leaving no clear framework for pinpointing <i>J</i>_SC losses or developing design guidelines. Here, we address this issue using a charge-balance framework, in which the divergence of current density equals the net generation at steady state. This formulation reduces the analysis of <i>J</i>_SC to identifying the dominant factors governing the excess carrier distribution under short circuit conditions—an approach that constitutes the main contribution of this work. Systematic SCAPS-1D simulations of <i>homo-pn</i> solar cells reveal that this distribution is governed primarily by the internal electric field, rather than the equilibrium carrier concentration, although both drift and diffusion contribute. Analysis using infinitesimal photogeneration slices further shows that each excess carrier distribution consists of a peak at the generation site and tails extending into nongeneration regions, both of which drive recombination. This framework offers a direct, quantitative route for identifying and minimizing <i>J</i>_SC losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500437","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Noncondensed Acceptors Based on 4H-Dithieno[3,2-B:2′, 3′-D]pyrrole and 4H-Cyclopenta[1,2-B:5,4-B′]Dithiophene N, S-Heterocycles with an Ethynylene Linker for Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with an Efficiency More than 15%","authors":"M. L. Keshtov,&nbsp;Zh. Xie,&nbsp;A. R. Khokhlov,&nbsp;V. N. Sergeev,&nbsp;D. P. Kalinkin,&nbsp;D. Y. Shikin,&nbsp;D. Y. Godovsky,&nbsp;S. Karak,&nbsp;Ganesh D. Sharma","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500422","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the design, synthesis, and application of two nonfused ring nonfullerene acceptors, namely <b>ECPDT-IC</b> and <b>EDTP-IC</b>, featuring an ethynylene linkers between two 4Hcyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b0]dithiophene (CPDT) units and two 4-(2-octyldodecyl)-4H-dithieno[3,2-b:2′, 3′-d]pyrrole (DTP) units, respectively. The incorporation of the ethynylene linker is found to effectively regulate the energy levels and molecular conformations of the nonfullerene acceptors. The <b>EDTP-IC</b> with a DTP central core exhibits higher electron mobility, compared to <b>ECPDT-IC</b>. The frontier energy levels of both <b>ECPDT-IC</b> and <b>EDTP-IC</b> are aligned with PTB7-Th and also showed complementary absorption profiles. The organic solar cells (OSCs) based on PTB7-Th:<b>EDTP-IC</b> attained higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) (13.35%) as compared to the PTB7-Th:<b>ECPDT-IC</b> counterpart (10.87%), attributed to efficient exciton dissociation and charge transport. Further, the PCE has been improved to 15.17% for ternary OSC, when <b>ECPDT-IC</b> was added to PTB7-Th:<b>EDTP-IC</b> binary active layer. The PCE is about 15%, likely due to the active layer's absorption spectrum being limited to 820 nm. However, these NFR-NFAs could be promising for efficient indoor OSCs and as guest components in OSCs with wide bandgap polymers and narrow bandgap acceptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequentially Evaporated Wide Bandgap Perovskite Absorber for Large-Area and Reproducible Fabrication of Solar Cells","authors":"Arman Mahboubi Soufiani,&nbsp;\u0000Hajar Moumine,&nbsp;\u0000Erik Wutke,&nbsp;\u0000Guillermo A. Farias Basulto,&nbsp;\u0000Wander Max Bernardes de Araujo,&nbsp;Matthew Leyden,&nbsp;Mateusz Szot,&nbsp;Tobias Bertram,&nbsp;Viktor Škorjanc,&nbsp;Angelika Harter,&nbsp;Stefanie Severin,&nbsp;Marcel Roß,&nbsp;Roland Mainz,&nbsp;Rutger Schlatmann,&nbsp;Steve Albrecht,&nbsp;Bernd Stannowski,&nbsp;Jona Kurpiers","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500412","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Herein, we perform sequential deposition of the organic and inorganic sub-components evaporated from <i>point sources</i>, followed by thermal conversion to yield wide bandgap perovskite films for the application in perovskite/silicon tandem cells. In our approach, uniform formamidinium iodide (FAI) layers with varying thicknesses are first deposited with rotating substrate. We next co-evaporate the inorganic precursors PbI₂, PbBr₂, and CsI onto the FAI layer in a static mode, without substrate rotation, leading to thickness gradients across the substrate, known from single-layer characterization. To promote conversion to α-phase perovskite, another uniform FAI layer is deposited on top, sandwiching the inorganic precursor layer stack. After thermal conversion, we obtain controlled compositional variations of the perovskite layer. Using spatially resolved characterization techniques, the most suitable composition, hence, evaporation rates for the individual inorganic precursors and the best thickness of the FAI sublayer are identified in a time-efficient manner. As a result, an optimized average implied open-circuit voltage, i<i>V</i>_OC, of about 1230 mV and optical bandgap of 1.70 eV, very uniformly distributed over a half M6 wafer area, were achieved for the absorbers when deposited on a self-assembled monolayer. Without any perovskite surface passivation or additional treatment, single-junction devices with an average fill factor of 70% (65%) in reverse (forward) light current–voltage scan and <i>V</i>_OC of 1075 mV were achieved across several batches. Integrating this absorber in tandem cells with a random-pyramid textured bottom-cell led to preliminary cells with efficiencies up to 24%.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzylhydrazinium Chloride Interface Engineering Boosts Performance of Wide-Bandgap Perovskite and Tandem Solar Cells","authors":"Yixiang Yu,&nbsp;Gang Xu,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Zehang Liu,&nbsp;Yuzhou Wu,&nbsp;Xinquan Wang,&nbsp;Qingquan He","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500478","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites have gained great attention as promising top-cell absorbers with the potential of enabling efficient perovskite/crystal silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs). However, defects generated during the deposition of perovskite substantially degrade device performance and operational stability. Here, we demonstrate an interfacial engineering strategy for efficient defect passivation of Cs_0.05(FA_0.77MA_0.23)_0.95Pb(I_0.77Br_0.23)₃ WBG perovskite (1.68 eV) films based on small organic molecule, benzylhydrazine monohydrochloride (BHC). The BHC, incorporating both primary amine (–NH₂) and protonated ammonium (–NH₃⁺) functional groups, enables bifunctional synergistic passivation of undercoordinated Pb²⁺ and cation vacancies on perovskite surface. This strategy boosts the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of WBG perovskite solar cells from 19.01% to 20.87%, with simultaneous improvements in all photovoltaic parameters including open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and fill factor. Unencapsulated devices retain 80% of initial PCE after 960 h storage under ambient conditions. When integrated into perovskite/silicon TSCs, a PCE of 29.56% is achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrophilic or Hydrophobic? Spontaneous Chemical Capping with Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide-Based Additive for Photoabsorbers in Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Naoyuki Nishimura,&nbsp;Ryuzi Katoh,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kanda,&nbsp;Takurou N. Murakami","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500433","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salts based on <i>bis</i>(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) have been developed as additives for photoabsorbers in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to enhance their photovoltaic (PV) performance. However, the effects of their TFSI anions have remained elusive. Herein, a novel methylammonium <i>bis</i>(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (MA-TFSI) additive, comprising MA cations that are removed from the perovskite layer during heating, is verified. This is the first implementation of alkyl-primary-ammonium-based TFSI additives for perovskite layers. MA-TFSI addition exhibited unique chemical capping effects; the TFSI moieties were spontaneously coated on the outer surface of the perovskite and on the crystal grains during deposition, leading to the prevention of defect formation in the perovskite layer. Notably, the TFSI-capped perovskite surface displays high wettability to water droplets yet improved PV performance stability against humidity, contradicting the school of thought in the PSC research field. Parameter-differentiated contact angle (PDCA) measurements suggest that the high wettability of water droplets is attributed to the active hydrogen bonds derived from the TFSI capping. Meanwhile, the improved stability against humidity is attributable to the low dispersion energy of the CF₃ moiety in the TFSI capping on the crystal grains. The presented deviation from the prevailing viewpoint will lead to the advancement of materials science.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500433","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Methodologies for Assessment of Long-Term Potential-Induced Degradation of Double-Glass Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact Photovoltaic Modules","authors":"Zhiwei Li,&nbsp;Anan Ma,&nbsp;Jian Huang,&nbsp;Chengfa Liu,&nbsp;Kai Yu,&nbsp;Hongbin Hou,&nbsp;Le Zhou,&nbsp;Qin Xiao,&nbsp;Xilian Sun,&nbsp;Le Wang,&nbsp;Yifeng Chen,&nbsp;Jifan Gao,&nbsp;Shaowen Huang,&nbsp;Lang Zhou","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500466","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polarization-type potential-induced degradation (PID-p) has become a risk for tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) solar cell modules. For the sake of intimating the long-term PID-p degradation of the modules under outdoor illumination, this study investigates the impact of different types and timing of illumination on the PID-p on the double-sided EVA encapsulated TOPCon modules: 1) multiple cycles of a PID test in the dark followed by a 2 kWh UV recovery; 2) PID tests under 170 W/m² UV illumination; and 3) PID tests under 800 W/m² simulated steady-state solar illumination. We find that all three testing methods lead to less power degradation than that in the dark after 96 h so that TOPCon photovoltaic modules will not suffer from severe PID-p risk in short term when running outdoors. After 672 h, the module subjected to PID tests under 800 W/m² simulated steady-state solar illumination shows the lowest degradation of −3.18%. This method more closely resembles the long-term outdoor operating conditions, where the module generating voltage under illumination forms a ground potential. Moreover, excessive UV irradiation in the testing method may exacerbate the UV-induced degradation issue and accelerate the aging of the encapsulant.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}