Dental Materials最新文献

{"title":"Variables affecting ion release from resin-based materials containing calcium orthophosphate particles.","authors":"Filipe Teles Ximenes Mesquita, Handially Dos Santos Vilela, Rafael Bergamo Trinca, Roberto Ruggiero Braga","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the influence of experimental variables on Ca²⁺ release from experimental resin-based materials containing dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) particles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experimental materials were prepared, both with BisGMA and TEGDMA and either 25 % or 50 % DCPD (by volume). Ca²⁺ release in deionized water (DW) was quantified using induced coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES, n = 3) according to the variables (1) frequency of DW renewal (weekly, biweekly, monthly or no renewal in 8 weeks), (2) volume of DW (5 mL, 10 mL or 50 mL) and (3) specimen dimensions (in mm, 9×2, 10x1, 5×4 or 5×1). Release kinetics was described using the semi-empirical Peppas-Sahlin model. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA/Tukey test (alpha: 5 %).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weekly and/or biweekly DW renewal increased Ca²⁺ release compared to monthly and no renewal (p < 0.001). Ca²⁺ release was higher in 50 mL compared to 10 mL (50 % DCPD) and 5 mL (25 % DCPD) (p < 0.001). The specimen with the highest area-to-volume ratio (5×1 mm) presented the highest release expressed in μg/cm² or as fractional (i.e., % of the total Ca in the specimen, p < 0.001). At early stages and high DW volumes, diffusion was the main release mechanism, particularly for the 25 % DCPD material. Polymer relaxation becomes more important than diffusion over time, most noticeably for the 50 % DCPD material.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Researchers and clinicians must be aware of the fact that ion release is influenced by a large number of experimental variables, including (but not limited to) immersion medium renewal frequency, volume of immersion medium and specimen dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of novel tricalcium silicate-based materials in human dental pulp stem cells: Advancing vital pulp therapies.","authors":"Alejandro Mora, David García-Bernal, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano, James Ghilotti, Adrián Lozano, Sergio López-García","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the cytocompatibility, bioactivity, and mineralization potential of new tricalcium silicate-based Material (Biodentine XP) on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) compared to other calcium silicate-based materials (MTA-Ang and Ther-PT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Standardized discs and 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 eluates of Biodentine XP (BD-XP), MTA-Ang, and Ther-PT were prepared after setting. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were isolated from extracted third molars of healthy patients and cultured under standard conditions. The following assays were performed: cell attachment and morphology were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); metabolic activity and cell viability was evaluated by MTT and cell cycle analysis; cellular calcium ion content was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and calcium release analysis; cell migration/proliferation by wound healing assays; cytoskeletal organization, analysis of cell apoptosis and necrosis, reactive oxygen species production, osteogenic marker expression were quantified by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR; and cell mineralization potential was determined through Alizarin Red S staining. Comparisons were made with hDPSCs cultured in unconditioned media (negative control) and osteogenic culture media (positive control). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Biodentine XP (BD-XP) showed significantly positive results in cytocompatibility assays, including cell metabolic activity, viability, attachment, and morphology, compared to the negative control group, whereas MTA-Ang and Ther-PT showed moderate results. BD-XP exhibited a significant upregulation of osteogenic markers, including ALP and DSPP, compared to both the negative and positive control groups. In terms of mineralization potential, BD-XP-treated cells showed significantly higher calcified nodule formation compared to MTA-Ang, Ther-PT, the negative control, and the positive control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BD-XP exhibits superior cytocompatibility and promotes osteo/odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). BD-XP significantly enhances the upregulation of osteo/odontogenic markers such as ALP and DSPP, and promotes calcified nodule formation more effectively than MTA-Ang and Ther-PT. The high calcium ion content of BD-XP plays a key role in its ability to promote cellular adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization, making it a highly effective material for regenerative dental applications. These findings provide strong evidence to support the use of Biodentine XP in regenerative dental therapies, particularly in vital pulp treatments, where enhanced cellular adhesion and mineralization are critical for clinical success.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a surface texture parameter panel characterizing surface micromorphologies of differently processed oral implant surfaces.","authors":"Kerstin Rabel, Lars Zimmermann, Julian Nold, Ralf J Kohal, Benedikt C Spies, Erik Adolfsson, Jörg Lüchtenborg, Brigitte Altmann","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Inconsistent characterization of oral implant microtopography makes it difficult to compare and evaluate available data on microtopography and the biological response to topographical characteristics. The aim of this investigation was therefore to identify a surface texture parameter panel that enables a discriminative characterization of differently processed oral implant surfaces.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Surface micromorphologies of titanium- and ceramic-based biomaterials processed by machining or by machining and subsequent post-processing, including blasting, etching, anodization or porous sintering, were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and white light interferometry. It was then analyzed which of the parameters S_a, S_q, S_z, S_sk, S_ku, S_tr, S_al, S_pd, S_pc, S_dq and S_dr best characterized morphological surface features and hence should be reported as minimum parameter panel for implant surface characterization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SEM demonstrated that each surface processing resulted in a specific and biomaterial-dependent micromorphology. The data revealed that the micromorphology of machined surfaces was best characterized by S_a, S_dr, S_tr and S_sk, and that for post-processed surfaces S_pd and S_pc were additionally required. Based on these data, S_a, S_dr, S_tr, S_sk, S_pd and S_pc were identified as minimum parameter panel for discriminative description of the investigated implant microtopographies.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The present investigation identified S_a, S_dr, S_tr, S_sk, S_pd and S_pc as minimum parameter panel for discriminative oral implant surface characterization. The widespread use of such a panel combined with biological data will help to identify cell-relevant implant surface structures, thus enabling the design of oral implants with predefined biological response.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress distribution in zirconia-reinforced glass ionomer restorations in molar incisor hypomineralization: A finite element analysis.","authors":"Reham A Mahfouz, Amina M Abd El Rahman, Azza G Hanno, M Helmi Attia","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Investigating stress distribution in zirconia-reinforced glass ionomer cement (GIC), used to restore hypomineralized permanent first molars (HPFMs), under dynamic occlusal loading, using Finite Element Analysis (FEA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CBCT and intra-oral scans of HPFM of an 8-year-old child were obtained. Three models were constructed using 3D-CAD software 'MIMICS 21.0'. Model I represented a sound PFM, Model II: HPFM, and Model III: HPFM restored with zirconia-reinforced GIC (Zirconomer®). An idealized dynamic occlusal loading cycle (duration 0.25 s) was simulated consisting of Phases I and II, separated by point of Maximum Intercuspation (PoMI). The maximum and mean loads were 321 and 168 N, respectively. Abaqus-FEA software was used to record Von Mises (vM), and Maximum Principal (Pmax) stresses in the assembly (A), and in the models' components: normal enamel (E), hypomineralized enamel (HE), restorative area (RA), and dentine (D).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maximum vM and P_max stresses were obtained at 0.18 s. Enamel was the stress-bearing component in all models. Model II revealed high stress concentration between E and HE. The highest stresses in the RA were obtained in Model II, and the lowest in Model III.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Favorable stress distributions were obtained in HPFM restored with zirconia-reinforced GIC. The high stress concentrations found at the junction between normal and hypomineralized enamel, and the poor physical properties of HE, may lead to post-eruptive enamel breakdown (PEB) common in HPFMs.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Glass ionomer cements placed as interim restorations in molar incisor hypomineralization require strong physical properties and distribution of occlusal forces. This study shows that zirconia-reinforced GIC is an acceptable restoration in HPFMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of calcium and calcium-fluoride phytate as active fillers in dental resin-based composites on chemical and physical properties.","authors":"Zuzanna Buchwald, Aleksandra Domke, Marcel Jakubowski, Maria Ratajczak, Tomasz Buchwald, Mutlu Özcan, Adam Voelkel, Mariusz Sandomierski","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate calcium phytate (Ca-PA) and fluorinated calcium phytate (Ca-PA-F) as novel active fillers in resin-based dental composites (RBCs). The hypothesis assumes that these fillers will provide remineralization potential through calcium and fluoride ion release while maintaining satisfactory physicochemical properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ca-PA and Ca-PA-F fillers were synthesized, characterized using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, and incorporated into methacrylate-based RBCs at a filler fraction of 65 vol% (≈30 wt%). The composites were polymerized and evaluated for degree of conversion (DC), depth of cure (DOC), polymerization shrinkage (PS), mechanical properties (compressive strength [CS], flexural strength [FS]), water sorption (SP), solubility (SL), also after 35 days of incubation, color, opacity, and calcium and fluoride release over 35 days in saline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both experimental composites exhibited high DC (>70 %), DOC (>3 mm), and moderate PS (4.18-6.19 %). Ca-PA-c showed superior CS (351.6 MPa) and FS (53.9 MPa), while Ca-PA-F-c had lower CS (246.3 MPa) and FS (43.5 MPa). Excessive SP (>40 µg·mm⁻³) and high SL after 35 days of incubation, especially for Ca-PA-F-c, were observed. Both materials released calcium ions, with Ca-PA-F-c also releasing fluoride, showing the remineralizing potential.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Phytate-based fillers provide a promising alternative for RBCs with remineralization potential. However, improvements in filler dispersion, flexural strength, and long-term mass stability are needed. Future work should focus on filler silanization or hybridization with conventional fillers to enhance mechanical performance while maintaining the ability to ions release.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of ZnO content in YSZ-ZnO composite ceramics on bacterial growth and cell behaviour for the prevention of peri-implant inflammation.","authors":"Marie-Elise Jennes, Sven Kriegseis, Lukas Aretz, Antonia Stadie, Nora Gaertner, Louisa Mewes, Florian Beuer, Mehdi Behbahani, Karolina Schickle, Franziska Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Peri-implantitis is a significant complication in dental implant therapy and arises primarily from bacterial colonization. Current preventive strategies show limited long-term efficacy. This study evaluated antibacterial properties and biocompatibility of yttria-stabilized zirconia-zinc oxide (YSZ-ZnO) composite ceramics as implant abutment material for peri-implantitis prevention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine ZnO/YSZ ratios (10-90-90-10 at%), and controls (100 % ZnO, 100 % YSZ, and titanium) were synthesized. Analyses included microstructure and composition by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and surface roughness with an Alicona Infinite Focus Variation microscope. Antibacterial properties were assessed against Porphyromonas gingivalis and cell viability of immortalized human gingival fibroblasts (iHGF) was evaluated using the CCK8 assay. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests (P = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Samples with ZnO > 40 % showed larger inhibition zones than Ti and YSZ (P < 0.05). No CFUs were observed with ≥ 60 % ZnO, while controls showed bacterial growth. Cell viability assays revealed no significant differences between YSZ and 60 % ZnO (P > 0.05), but higher ZnO concentrations reduced viability. Mean roughness (Ra) values ranged from 0.13 μm (66.6 % ZnO) to 0.58 μm (100 % ZnO).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>YSZ-ZnO composites could reduce peri-implantitis by inhibiting bacterial colonization. The 60 % ZnO composition exhibited strong antibacterial properties and biocompatibility, suggesting potential solution for improving implant success rates, especially in high-risk patients. Further research is needed to explore long-term stability and interactions with other bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of crosslinker-modified etchants on durability of resin-dentin bonds in sound and caries-affected dentin.","authors":"Saleha Nisar, Viviane Hass, Yong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To formulate crosslinker-modified etchants with phosphoric acid (PA) and an organic acid for effective dentin demineralization while addressing solubility issues, and to evaluate their impact on bond strength, nanoleakage, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activity in sound dentin (SD) and caries-affected dentin (CAD) before and after thermocycling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Crosslinker-modified etchants were prepared by mixing 35 % tartaric acid (TA) and 10 % PA and adding 1 % of theaflavins (TF), cranberry extract (CR), or EDC/NHS (EDC). The etchants without crosslinker were used as controls. Dentin surfaces of 74 human molars were exposed, and 35 of them were submitted to a microbiological cariogenic challenge to create CAD. Specimens from SD and CAD were randomly allocated into 10 groups according to the different etchants. Resin-dentin interfacial bonding properties were evaluated after 24 h and after 10,000 thermocycling through microtensile bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage and MMPs activity via in situ zymography. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by Games-Howell or Tukey's tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the control and EDC-modified groups, TF- and CR-modified etchants maintained stable bond strength and significantly reduced MMP activity, preserving this protection even after thermocycling, which simulates one year of clinical aging, regardless of dentin type (both SD and CAD). While their impact on nanoleakage in CAD was less pronounced after thermocycling, it remained below 50 % of the levels observed in the control and EDC-modified groups.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Crosslinker-modified etchants, particularly TF and CR, provide a promising approach for simultaneous etching and biomodification of clinically relevant dentin substrates, enhancing bonding durability.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of environmental conditions on wear resistance of lithium silicate glass-ceramic materials.","authors":"Ahmad Amro Baradee, Benedikt Christopher Spies, Severin Rothlauf, Kirstin Vach, Michael Seidenstuecker, Jörg Lüchtenborg","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the impact of neutral and acidic environments on wear resistance of lithium silicate glass-ceramics (LSGCs), with and without crystallization firing after manufacturing.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty-six specimens were tested in a two-body wear simulator and divided into seven groups. Four groups consisted of commercially available LSGC materials, each opposed to steatite antagonists. A fifth group included an LSGC material tested additionally in its fired state. A sixth group involved another LSGC material opposed to zirconia antagonists. A seventh group comprised zirconia specimens, opposed to steatite antagonists. All specimens underwent a two-body wear test with 250,000 cycles, a 5 kg load, and 1 mm lateral movement, while immersed in either neutral (pH 7) or acidic (pH 3) buffer solutions. Laser scanning microscopy, optical profilometry, and scanning electron microscopy were used to quantify and/or investigate the wear. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LSGC materials exhibited significantly higher wear at pH 7 compared to pH 3 (p < 0.001). The greatest volume loss was observed in an unfired LSGC material (0.138 ± 0.039 mm³ at pH 3 vs. 0.495 ± 0.092 mm³ at pH 7). Steatite antagonists also suffered significantly greater wear at pH 7, with the highest antagonist wear recorded at 1.718 ± 0.068 mm³ . The wear mechanism caused by steatite antagonists differed from zirconia antagonists.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Environmental conditions play a major role in the wear performance of LSGCs. Fully crystallized LSGC materials show similar susceptibility to environmental changes compared to LSGC materials requiring crystallization firing.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibre-reinforced dental composites: Influence of aspect ratio and loading percentage on material performance.","authors":"Jerrin Thadathil Varghese, Raju, Paul Farrar, B Gangadhara Prusty","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This experimental investigation explored the optimisation of fibre loading and aspect ratio (AR) of the S-2 Glass fibres in restorative dental composites for improved mechanical and physical characteristics. This study dealt with understanding the influence of two key input parameters, hybridised S-2 Glass fibre AR and fibre wt%, as reinforcement on a dental composite. This study also explores the relationships and effects of these parameters on the performance of the composite material.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study investigated the effects of using two different S-2 Glass fibre aspect ratios (50AR and 70AR) in varying proportions and fibre weight percentages on the mechanical and physical properties of dental composites. The study examined the mechanical properties of hybrid S-2 Glass fibre-reinforced dental composites, including flexural properties, compressive properties, and fracture toughness. Additionally, the study looked at the physical property (degree of conversion) of hybrid S-2 Glass fibre-reinforced dental composites. Two-way ANOVA and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) techniques were used to understand the relationship between the composition parameters of S-2 Glass fibres and the physico-mechanical properties of fibre-reinforced dental composites.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The flexural properties increased with fibre wt% loading of 4 % and 5 % but decreased at 6 % loading. These properties were significantly also affected by the hybridization parameters. Similarly, compressive properties followed the same trends, increasing at fibre loadings of 4 % and 5 % but decreasing at 6 %. Fracture toughness was highest at a 5 % fibre concentration with 100 % 70AR hybridization but again reduced at 6 % fibre loading. The degree of conversion property varied with fibre weight percentage and hybridization, showing the highest values at the surface level (0 mm) and the lowest at a depth of 5 mm. Statistical analysis using ANOVA indicated significant differences in mechanical properties based on fibre wt% and hybridization parameters. Regression models showed strong correlations between experimental and predicted values, enabling the prediction of mechanical properties based on input parameters. These findings suggest that the physico-mechanical properties of the composites can be effectively adjusted by modifying the fibre weight percentage and hybridization parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Significance: &lt;/strong&gt;The study gives us insights into how fibre AR proportions and wt% can impact the performance of dental composites. The detailed parametric study provides valuable insights into the influence of the parameters and illustrates the impact of fibre characteristics on dental composite performance. It shows a complex relationship where increasing fibre weight percentage could improve load-bearing capacity but may have a negative effect on physico-mechanical behaviour because of reduced degree of con","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical decision-making in tooth bleaching based on current evidence: A narrative review.","authors":"Matheus Kury, Bianca Bem Prunes, Cintia Helena C Saraceni, Leandro Augusto Hilgert, Bruna M Fronza, Adriano F Lima","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review consolidates current knowledge on dentist-supervised tooth bleaching for vital teeth, drawing from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that followed CONSORT guidelines.</p><p><strong>Data resources: </strong>MeSH and free terms like \"tooth bleaching,\" \"tooth whitening,\" \"randomized clinical trial,\" and \"systematic review\" were used in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases STUDY SELECTION: Out of 839 articles, 444 were selected for full-text review, excluding case reports, non-randomized trials, literature reviews and those not directly related to tooth bleaching or RCTs not following CONSORT 2010. The remaining 203 studies were used to compare the dentist-supervised at-home and in-office clinical protocols, assessing factors such as color change, tooth sensitivity, and gingival irritation. In vitro studies were cited to support and explain basic concepts of different clinical decisions CONCLUSIONS: Daily at-home bleaching with 10 % carbamide peroxide or lower-concentration hydrogen peroxide over three to four weeks is effective. In-office bleaching with high-concentration hydrogen peroxide exhibits variations in protocols based on the HP concentration and gel's pH. Emerging technologies like violet LEDs and photobiomodulation with infrared lasers show promise in enhancing efficacy and reducing sensitivity, respectively, though more research is needed. The review underscores the importance of ongoing research into desensitization strategies to manage sensitivity related to bleaching.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Tooth bleaching is central to dental aesthetics, offering a range of options that can challenge clinicians. Adverse effects, particularly sensitivity, highlight the need for practice supported in protocols clinically tested and effective desensitization approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}