Dental Materials最新文献

{"title":"Influence of fused deposition modeling parameters on the mechanical and thermal properties of 3D-printed PEEK dental endosseous implants.","authors":"Surendrasingh Y Sonaye, Karim Elhattab, Luci R Duncan, Sai R Dharmavarapu, Vasudev Vivekanand Nayak, Erfan Noorbakhsh Noshahri, Nishitraj C Sherigar, Josiah S Owusu-Danquah, Lukasz Witek, Marco C Bottino, Prabaha Sikder","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to explore the application of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) as a 3D printing technique for developing endosseous Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) dental implants. Specifically, the primary aim of the study is to systematically investigate the effects of key FDM processing parameters, including thermal conditions, print speed, layer height, build orientation, and post-processing heat treatments, on the mechanical and thermal properties of PEEK implants. By conducting an in-depth analysis, this study aims to establish optimized processing guidelines for the reliable manufacturing of high-performance, clinically viable PEEK dental implants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PEEK dental implants were fabricated using FDM with variations in thermal conditions (nozzle, bedplate, and chamber temperatures), print speed, layer height, build orientation, and post-print heat treatments. Mechanical testing (compression and fatigue), detailed thermal characterization using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and fractographic analysis were performed. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was also conducted to understand the implant's load-bearing performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nozzle temperature dictates implant resolution, while chamber temperature is a key determinant of implant crystallinity. Interestingly, for PEEK dental implants, all the FDM thermal processing conditions play a crucial role in influencing the part's thermal properties. Moreover, print speed plays an essential role in developing dimensionally accurate high-strength implants. Notably, the fractographic analysis of the failed implants revealed interesting multimodal fracture behavior specific to 3D-printed threaded implants. FEA demonstrates that the implants tend to buckle under load and break at the implant-abutment interface, consistent with experimental results. Furthermore, fatigue testing reveals that PEEK implants, fabricated at a specific build orientation with respect to the bedplate, suffice the Food and Drug Administration durability requirements.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>These findings underscore the clinical potential of FDM-developed PEEK as a customizable, lightweight, and durable alternative to conventional metallic implants, paving the way for next-generation patient-specific lightweight dental implant solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LSTM-based prediction of wear in 3D-printed restorative materials under various methods.","authors":"Anastasiia Grymak, Alexander Hui Xiang Yang, Kai Chun Li, Sunyoung Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning-based predictive model for forecasting wear loss in additively manufactured (AM) dental resin materials using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Wear data were collected from three wear testing methods: Ball-on-Disc (BoD), Block-on-Ring (BoR), and Reciprocation (Recip), using three different AM resin materials under varying loads (49 N, 70 N) and surface treatments (polished, glazed). The LSTM model was trained on standardized time-series wear data using both Leave-One-Material-Out (LOMO) and Leave-One-Group-Out (LOGO) cross-validation strategies. Prediction windows were assessed at 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % of total wear sequences, simulating early-stage prediction of long-term wear progression. Model performance was evaluated using RMSE (Root-Mean-Square Error), MSE (Mean-Square Error), and MAE (Mean-Average Error).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The autoregressive LSTM forecasting approach accurately predicted wear progression across all testing methods, with prediction accuracies ranging between 82 % and 97 % depending on method and dataset, the models explaining approximately 82-97 % of the wear variability (depending on method and dataset). Predictions initiated at 10 % showed high cross-validation accuracy, while test set generalization improved when prediction started at 30 %. Optimal model performance was achieved using a 50-point input window and step size. The model demonstrated robustness in handling the inherent variability of experimental wear data across multiple AM materials and test conditions.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>This study demonstrates the feasibility of applying LSTM models for early and accurate prediction of wear progression in AM dental materials, offering potential for reducing physical testing duration and enhancing data-driven material evaluation frameworks for clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between the dual-exponential and autocatalytic models to examine rapid photopolymerization kinetics of dental resins.","authors":"B D MacNeil, A P Gareau, J A G Guarneri, R B Price, D Labrie","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>1) To investigate two empirical models used to characterize the polymerization kinetics of six resin-based composites (RBCs) and 2) the impact of the sampling rate on the time-varying degree of conversion (DC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The DC of three sculptable and three flowable RBCs was recorded using attenuated total internal reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy at a collection rate of 13 DC/s. A multiple-diode light-curing unit delivered either an irradiance of 1.2 or 3 W/cm². The RBC specimens were either 0.2 mm or 4 mm thick and were photocured at 32 ºC. Sampling rates as low as 0.2 DC/s were simulated by numerically interpolating the measured DC(t). The DC(t) obtained at different sampling rates was fitted to the dual-exponential and autocatalytic models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For all six RBCs, the fit of the autocatalytic model to the data resulted in the smallest mean squared errors. The lower simulated sampling rates did not represent the highly time-resolved DC collected at an irradiance of 3 W/cm² and specimen thickness of 0.2 mm. For the DC simulated at a sampling rate of 0.2 DC/s using PowerFill and analyzed with the autocatalytic model, the maximum DC rate was 3.7 %/s, occurring at a time of 5 s after the start of photocuring. However, using a sampling rate of 13 DC/s, they were 64.5 %/s and 116 ms, respectively.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The autocatalytic model was found to better characterize the kinetics of RBC photopolymerization than the dual-exponential model. The data collection rate has a strong influence on the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different cement-restorative material combinations in full-coverage onlay restorations: A FEA study.","authors":"Andrea Baldi, Alessandro Scattina, Allegra Comba, Lorenzo Peroni, Tommaso Rossi, Nicola Scotti","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To test, through FEM analysis, different cement-material combinations in an indirect adhesive restoration scenario generated through Micro-Computed Tomography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A reference lower first molar was prepared for an overlay restoration and scanned with an intraoral camera. The restoration was milled with a reinforced lithium silicate and cemented with a dual cure resin cement. A geometrical model was segmented from a micro-CT scan generating separate volumes of enamel, dentin and restorative materials. The 3D Finite Element (FE) model was subsequently built-up (Meshlab, ISTI, CNR, Pisa, Italy) and an axial chewing load was simulated (Altair Hyperworks, Troy, Michigan, USA) considering the volumes as linear and elastic. Data concerning the tooth-restoration interface were analyzed in terms of shear stress and normal pressure. Different restoration materials and cements were tested in order to evaluate the effects of the combination between the main categories of dental materials applied for IAR and dual or light curing cements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Concerning tooth-cement interface, stresses in the range from 2*10^-2 to 9*10^-3Gpa, depending on observation axes, were recorded. As regards restorative material variable, resin-matrix ceramic models were subjected to the highest stresses, followed by glass-matrix ceramic and polycrystalline ceramic. Regarding the cement variable, small differences and quantitatively negligible were found in all models when comparing light-curable composite and dual-curing resin cement. Concerning cement-restoration interface, stresses in the range from 1.551*10^-2 to 2.679*10^-3Gpa were recorded. Resin-matrix ceramic showed a wider stressed area both in normal pressure and shear stresses. Concerning the cement variable, small differences were found both in terms of pattern and intensity, especially when applied under the resin-matrix ceramic.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Resin-matrix ceramic models showed higher stresses in both interfaces, due to the flexion of the restoration at given load. The absence of axial walls in the vestibular and buccal aspect, as well as the reduced occlusal thickness of the restoration, enhances this phenomenon. Cement type seems to have an influence only when undergoing resin-matrix ceramics, better performing when having a reduced polymerization shrinkage.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin-loaded amine-functionalized mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles for dual protection against dentin erosion.","authors":"Jia-Min Chen, Jian Yu, Zhi-Cen Lu, Bing-Jie Zhong, Hao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop quercetin-loaded amine-functionalized mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Q@AF-MBGN) for dual protection against dentin erosion via simultaneous occlusion of dentinal tubules and inhibition of organic matrix degradation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Q@AF-MBGN was synthesized via a sol-gel method and characterized. Biocompatibility was assessed by a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and live/dead staining with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Dentin specimens (2 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm) were subjected to erosive challenge (4 cycles/d for 7 d) and then randomly distributed into 5 groups (n = 34): DW (deionized water), NaF (12.3 mg/mL sodium fluoride), Q (300 μg/mL quercetin), AF-MBGN (5.0 mg/mL AF-MBGN), and Q@AF-MBGN (5.0 mg/mL Q@AF-MBGN). Each group was treated with the corresponding solution for 2 min, followed by an additional 7-d erosion challenge. Dentinal tubule occlusion and demineralized organic matrix (DOM) preservation were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, erosive dentin loss (EDL) was quantified, and DOM preservation was measured by type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) release. Moreover, the tubule sealing efficacy was further confirmed through rhodamine B fluorescence penetration assays, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition was analyzed using in situ zymography. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc test were performed on the CCK-8, EDL, and ICTP data (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Q@AF-MBGN exhibited excellent biocompatibility (cell viability > 80 %). Effective tubule occlusion was noted in the AF-MBGN and Q@AF-MBGN groups, with the Q@AF-MBGN group exhibiting superior DOM preservation. The EDL values and ICTP release amounts were significantly lower in the Q@AF-MBGN group than those in the other groups (P < 0.05). Additionally, MMP inhibition was significantly greater in the Q@AF-MBGN and Q groups than in the AF-MBGN, NaF, and DW groups.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Q@AF-MBGN is effective as a novel dual-action dentin erosion therapeutic that combines mechanical tubule occlusion with matrix protection and outperforms conventional treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental impacts from intraoral polymer devices: A systematic review.","authors":"Asbjørn Jokstad, Anne Margrete Gussgard","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review assessed scientific evidence regarding the release of monomeric eluates or degradation compounds and polymer nano- and micro-sized particles (NMP) from intraoral polymer devices (IPD), during fabrication/processing within dental operatory settings, and into patient body fluids after placement.</p><p><strong>Data and sources: </strong>Peer-reviewed articles in English were identified through multiple bibliometric databases, grey literature, website searches, and hand-searching. Eligible studies quantified (i) monomeric eluates or polymer NMPs in air or wastewater in dental operatory settings, (ii) monomeric eluates or degradation compounds and polymer NMPs in human body fluids at defined intervals after intraoral placement of an IPD.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Two reviewers independently screened/extracted 50 studies: 13 on operatory air/wastewater during IPD fabrication/processing; 16 on body-fluid levels from removable/semi-permanent IPDs; and 21 on permanent IPDs. Outcomes included monomeric eluates or degradation compound count or mass concentration after minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and years, and polymer NMP counts, size distributions, mass concentrations, and chemical composition. Risk of bias was assessed using study-design-specific tools. Estimates of monomeric eluates or degradation compounds and polymer NMP levels varied widely across interventions, materials, and settings. Transient increases in body fluid eluates were common post-placement, typically returning to baseline within 48 h. Methodological heterogeneity, inconsistent units, and limited ecological context hindered meta-analysis and environmental risk appraisal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IPDs can release monomeric eluates, degradation compounds, and polymer NMPs during fabrication/processing and following intraoral placement, contributing to environmental contamination and, where significant, pollution. Standardized research protocols and reporting standards are needed to quantify these impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of digital crown design software on morphology, occlusal characteristics, fracture force and marginal fit.","authors":"Alexander Broll, Sebastian Hahnel, Markus Goldhacker, Jakob Rossel, Michael Schmidt, Martin Rosentritt","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study evaluated the influence of digital design software on crown morphology, occlusal characteristics, fracture force, and marginal fit across varying preparation designs for an identical target tooth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A resin-based tooth (tooth 36) was digitized, manufactured (n=8), individually prepared and re-digitized. Five design groups were established using conventional software proposals, technician designs, two AI-based software solutions, and natural tooth-based reference designs. All systems employed consistent parameters. Crown designs were digitally assessed using quantitative morphological and occlusal metrics in reference to the original tooth. Crowns were milled, marginal fit was measured via digital microscopy, and fracture resistance was determined after thermal cycling and mechanical loading.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphological metrics revealed statistically significant deviations across groups, with the technician design achieving the best performance. Occlusal metrics showed high deviations in the positional accuracy of the contact points across all groups. Technician and AI-based designs exhibited comparable functional results. None of the design groups were able to achieve contact with all relevant antagonist teeth, due to high deviations in the mesiolingual cusp. Conventional software designs exhibited the lowest fracture forces. Significant improvements were achieved through technician intervention. Vertical marginal discrepancies remained comparable across groups.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Improved functional and morphological design combined with high fracture resistance can reduce the need for clinical adjustments, minimize wear, and enhance crown longevity. Digital design software significantly influences crown morphology, occlusal characteristics and fracture forces. Vertical marginal discrepancies remain similar. AI-driven approaches demonstrate comparability with technician designs in terms of fracture forces, functional performance, and marginal fit.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced physicochemical properties and mineral precipitation in experimental glass ionomer cements containing fluoride-doped calcium phosphates and zinc-polycarboxylate bioactive glass.","authors":"Kenta Tsuchiya, Atsushi Tomokiyo, Hidehiko Sano, Jukka P Matinlinna, Monica Yamauti, Salvatore Sauro","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This laboratory study aimed at evaluating the physicochemical properties and the ability of various glass ionomer cements (GICs) containing experimental fluoride-doped calcium phosphates (FDCP) or zinc-polycarboxylate bioactive glass (BAG-Zn) to induce mineral precipitation in comparison to the commercial GICs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The independent variables in this study were the materials (2 levels: Fuji™ IX GP [IX-GP] and Fuji™ II LC [II-LC]), particle types (2 levels: FDCP and BAG-Zn), and particle concentrations (4 levels: 0, 5, 10, and 20 wt%). Each experimental cement was prepared and molded into disc-shaped specimens and subsequently assessed for pH, Ca^2 +and F^- release, and as well as compressive strength after storage in deionized water for 1, 7, and 28 days at 37°C. The mineral formation subsequent phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) storage was performed at baseline and after 28 days via Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis and a scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM/ EDS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experimental IX-GP groups showed significantly lower compressive strength without evident ability in CaP-based mineral deposition. In contrast, II-LC incorporated with 10/20 % FDCPs or 5 % BAG-Zn has significantly superior compressive strength, and evident mineral CaP-based deposition on the material's surfaces.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Incorporating 5 % BAG-Zn in II-LC may be a potential strategy to create innovative restorative materials with superior fluoride release and mechanical properties. On the other hand, incorporating 10/20 % FDCPs would generate GICs with lower acidity, higher fluoride-releasing activity, an evident ability to induce mineral CaP-based deposition, and high compressive strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topological features of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics uncovered through materials informatics.","authors":"Satoshi Yamaguchi, Hefei Li, Naoya Funayama, Tomoki Kohno, Satoshi Imazato","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to inversely predict the topological features underlying SEM images from arbitrary biaxial flexural strengths of glass-ceramics by Materials Informatics (MI) approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) image and in vitro biaxial flexural strength of 10 commercially available/experimental glass-ceramics were collected. The total of 200 SEM images were prepared as input data. Topological features underlying the SEM images were extracted using persistent homology analysis and compressed using principal component analysis. Gaussian mixture regression was employed to develop a machine learning model for predicting biaxial flexural strength based on the topological features. Arbitrary biaxial flexural strengths (390, 411, 442, 478, 515, 564, 597, 610, and 640 MPa) were defined, and an inverse analysis was conducted with the constructed machine learning model to overlay topological features onto SEM images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The topological features were compressed into 18 principal components. The machine learning model was selected and optimized based on the Bayesian Information Criterion. Using the constructed machine learning model, the biaxial flexural strengths were predicted with a test score of 72 % (Root Mean Squared Error: 53.5, Mean Absolute Error: 40.3). From the arbitrary biaxial flexural strengths, topological features were inversely predicted and overlaid onto SEM images.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The inverse analysis established in this study successfully predicted the topological features on SEM images of glass-ceramics from the biaxial flexural strengths. The MI approach with the inverse analysis promises to make the process to develop glassceramics more time-efficient than the conventional in vitro approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of calcium-containing sodium cyclotriphosphate and its protective effect on enamel erosion in vitro.","authors":"Marcela Macedo Nunes, Luigi Pedrini Guisso, Thayse Yumi Hosida, Emerson Rodrigues de Camargo, João Carlos Silos Moraes, Juliano Pelim Pessan, Denise Pedrini, Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the present study was to synthesize and characterize sodium cyclotriphosphate (NaTMP) containing calcium and verify its effect using an initial enamel erosion model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cyclotriphosphate containing calcium (CaNaTMP) was synthesized using column chromatography, and addition of a solution with calcio hydroxide supernatant and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. To determine the effect on enamel initial erosion, sound bovine enamel blocks (n = 96) were selected by initial surface hardness and divided into to 8 experimental groups (12 blocks/group): control (deionized water), 0.24 % NaF (1100 F), 0.25 %, 0.5 % and 1 % NaTMP and CaNaTMP at the same concentrations. The enamel blocks were immersed in 4 mL of experimental solutions for 2 min followed by 4 erosive challenges (citric acid, 0.75 %, pH 3.5, for 1 min, under stirring). The surface hardness was determined after each acid challenge. Data were subjected to two-way repeated measures analysis of variance, followed by Tukey's test (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthesis process led to the replacement of atoms of Na by atoms of Ca with particle sizes like those of NaTMP. Solutions containing CaNaTMP promoted superior reducing in hardness loss when compared to their counterparts without calcium (p < 0.001) and 1100 F (p < 0.001), during erosive challenges. A dose-response was observed for the CaNaTMP groups, with higher values for 1 % CaNaTMP and lower values for 0.25 % CaNaTMP (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Solutions containing CaNaTMP led to superior protective effects compared to the 1100 F group on initial enamel erosion.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}