Dental Materials最新文献

{"title":"Biofabrication – Revolutionizing the future of regenerative periodontics","authors":"Isaac J. de Souza Araújo ,&nbsp;Marco C. Bottino","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Periodontium is a compartmentalized and highly specialized tissue responsible for tooth stability. Loss of tooth attachment due to periodontitis and trauma is a complex clinical burden affecting a large parcel of the adult and elderly population worldwide, and regenerative strategies to reestablish the native conditions of the periodontium are paramount. Biofabrication of scaffolds, through various techniques and materials, for regenerative periodontics has significantly evolved in the last decades. From the basics of occlusive membranes and graft materials to the complexity of converging 3D printing and Bioprinting using image-based models, biofabrication opens many possibilities for patient-specific scaffolds that recapitulate the anatomical and physiological conditions of periodontal tissues and interfaces. Thus, this review presents fundamental concepts related to the native characteristics of the periodontal tissues, the key to designing personalized strategies, and the latest trends of biofabrication in regenerative periodontics with a critical overview of how these emerging technologies have the potential to shift the one-size-fits-all paradigm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 179-193"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of beam divergence on the irradiance from dental light curing units.","authors":"Anubhav Gulati, Soheil Ghaffari, Brett Daniel MacNeil, Richard Bengt Price","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study measured the beam divergence angle and light output from dental light curing units (LCUs). Twenty LCUs were assessed using a laboratory-grade wide beam imager to determine the relationship between the beam divergence on the irradiance as a function of distance from the light tip.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The irradiance (mW/cm²) and beam divergence angles (°) at 5, and 10 mm from the tips of 18 Light-Emitting Diode (LEDs), 1 Quartz-Tungsten-Halogen (QTH), and 1 Laser diode LCU.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in the power, irradiance, and emission spectra from the 20 LCUs. At 10 mm from the LCU tip, the irradiance delivered by one LCU decreased by approximately 85.7 %, whereas this decrease was as low as 5.6 % for a different LCU. There was a positive correlation between the divergence angle reported by the wide beam imager and the reduction in irradiance. The laser diode LCU had the least beam divergence and the smallest decrease in irradiance as the distance increased. In contrast, the QTH LCU with the turbo light guide had the greatest beam divergence and the greatest reduction in irradiance as the distance increased. 50 % of the LCUs tested would require exposure times longer than 20 s to deliver 10 J/cm² at the 10 mm distance.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The wide beam imager is a useful tool for measuring the beam divergence from LCUs and predicting the effect of distance on their irradiance. At 10 mm, some LCUs may require a fivefold increase in the exposure time to deliver the same energy they deliver at 0 mm from the tip of the LCU.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cement layer thickness and load-bearing capacity of tooth restored with lithium-disilicate glass ceramic and hybrid ceramic occlusal veneers","authors":"Topias Yli-Urpo ,&nbsp;Lippo Lassila ,&nbsp;Timo Närhi ,&nbsp;Pekka Vallittu","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the influence of cement layer and veneer thickness on load-bearing capacity of tooth restored with hybrid ceramic (HC) and lithium-disilicate glass ceramic (LDGC) occlusal veneer restorations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cement layer thickness was set at either 50 µm or 200 µm and tooth restored either with 0.5 mm or 1.8 mm thick HC Cerasmart270 (GC) or LDGC IPS e.max CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent) occlusal veneers. For this study, 64 extracted human molar teeth were selected and divided into 8 groups. Prepared teeth were scanned, and occlusal veneers were manufactured using CAD/CAM technology (Cerec, Dentsply-Sirona). Finished veneers were luted to preparations using self-adhesive resin cement (G-CEM ONE) according to manufacturers’ instructions. Teeth were loaded quasi-statically and ultimate fracture loads were recorded. Fracture types were analyzed and classified visually. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>With HC occlusal veneers, thickness of both veneer and cement layer had no significant influence on fracture load. The lowest mean ultimate fracture load value was found in 0.5 mm thick LDGC veneers group with 200 µm cement layer, which was significantly lower loading value compared with that of 1.8 mm thick LDGC veneers or any of HC veneers (p ≤ 0.0280). LDGC veneers with 0.5 mm thickness showed fractures within the veneer, whereas in other groups fractures of the tooth substance was also detected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that thin HC occlusal veneers provided higher load-bearing capacity than LDGC counterparts of the same thickness. HC veneers were also less sensitive to the effect of cement layer thickness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 212-219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing four different methods of measuring fracture toughness and its relationship with fractal dimension in a polycrystalline (3Y-TZP) dental ceramic.","authors":"Kartikeya S Jodha, Susana M Salazar Marocho, John J Mecholsky, Seth T Lirette, Yuanyuan Duan, Jason A Griggs","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Previous studies reported various methods of measuring fracture toughness of dental ceramics. The objectives of this study were to compare different methods and to validate fractal analysis to estimate fracture toughness for a polycrystalline dental ceramic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bar-shaped specimens were prepared from 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal polycrystalline (3Y-TZP) ceramic. Each specimen was prepared with a series of indentations using a Vickers diamond at 150 N followed by loading in 4-point flexure until failure. Fracture toughness (K_c) was calculated using modified indentation (MI), quantitative fractography (QF), and surface crack in flexure with residual stresses (SCF-RS) techniques. We estimated fracture toughness using fractal analysis. Epoxy replicas of fracture surfaces were scanned using the atomic force microscope (AFM) followed by noise filtering. The FRACTALS software was used to determine fractal dimensional increment (D*) by the Minkowski cover algorithm. Fracture toughness was estimated using the relationship between K_c and square-root of D* for polycrystalline ceramics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean fracture toughness by MI, QF, and SCF-RS techniques were 4.56 ± 0.44 MPa·m^1/2, 4.14 ± 0.82 MPa·m^1/2, and 4.09 ± 0.93 MPa·m^1/2, respectively. Mean fracture toughness estimated from D* values was 2.80 ± 0.13 MPa·m^1/2.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The fracture toughness of 3Y-TZP ceramic was calculated using different methods. Fractal dimension can be used to estimate the baseline fracture toughness for this material and can be paired with other methods to estimate the amount of transformation toughening.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The One-step No-prep technique for non-invasive full-mouth rehabilitation of worn dentition using PICN CAD-CAM restorations: Up to 9-year results from a prospective and retrospective clinical study.","authors":"Julie Oudkerk, Christelle Sanchez, Charlotte Grenade, Alain Vanheusden, Amélie Mainjot","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To report up to 9-year results of a prospective and retrospective study on non-invasive full-mouth rehabilitation of worn dentition with PICN CAD-CAM restorations using the One-Step No-Prep technique. The secondary objective is to evaluate the influence of restoration thickness on fracture of restorations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 580 Vita Enamic restorations (218 anterior and 362 posterior; 260 monoblock (MO) and 320 multiColor (MC)) in 24 patients were clinically evaluated once a year (up 9 months to 9 years) according to FDI criteria. Patient data and prosthetic parameters were registered. The minimum thickness of restorations was measured in 15 patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Kaplan-Meier survival rate of restorations at 9 years was 98.4 % (100 % for anterior and 96.7 % for posterior) and the success rate was 79.7 %, while the success rate excluding minor chipping requiring only polishing as failure was 86.7 %. Actually, minor chipping was the leading cause of failure and significantly more fractures were observed in the posterior region (9.2 times higher risk), particularly in the first and second molars or when the restoration thickness was less than 0.56 mm. Except for fracture, FDI evaluation showed clinically acceptable results for all restorations, mostly rated as excellent. Results remained consistent over time, including material luster and color, with no staining. MC showed superior esthetics compared to MO. Patient satisfaction was high.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The One-Step No-Prep technique exhibits successful long-term outcomes, and PICN (hybrid ceramic) is an appropriate material for this non-invasive treatment of tooth wear. Nevertheless, the minimum thickness of posterior restorations should be 0.6 mm, particularly at occlusal contact points. MultiColor blocks are recommended for esthetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142996716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel bilayered zirconia systems using recycled 3Y-TZP for dental applications.","authors":"Ernesto B Benalcázar-Jalkh, Tiago M B Campos, Claudinei Dos Santos, Larissa M M Alves, Laura F Carvalho, Edmara T P Bergamo, Sergio M Tebcherani, Lukasz Witek, Paulo G Coelho, Gilmar P Thim, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Edisa O Sousa, Giovana A Marcolino, Estevam A Bonfante","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To synthesize bilayer zirconia systems based on commercial or recycled 3Y-TZP obtained from non-milled remnants and to compare their optical and mechanical properties before and after aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bilayer zirconia samples were fabricated using either recycled 3Y-TZP (3Y-R/4Y and 3Y-R/5Y) or commercial powders (3Y/4Y and 3Y/5Y). Microstructure and phase composition were analyzed using ScanningElectronMicroscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Optical and mechanical properties were assessed via reflectance and biaxial flexural strength tests (BFS), followed by fractographic analysis. Optical properties and BFS data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test, and Weibull statistics, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recycled powder exhibited particle sizes < 2.07μm. SEM micrographs depicted dense surfaces with largest grains in the 5Y, followed by recycled-3Y, 4Y, and commercial-3Y. XRD analysis revealed tetragonal peaks in commercial and recycled 3Y-TZPs, and tetragonal and cubic phases in the 4Y and 5Y surfaces. Aging induced significant phase transformation in 4Y (∼40 %), commercial- (58 %) and recycled-3Y (53 %), with no effect in 5Y surfaces. Commercial bilayers exhibited higher translucency and strength (∼1130 MPa) compared to recycled bilayers (∼935 MPa), with no significant differences within commercial, nor within recycled groups. Aging decreased contrast ratio for recycled groups and increased the strength of all groups. While all groups presented high reliability up to 500MPa, commercial bilayers outperformed recycled systems at 800-MPa.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The synthesis of bilayered systems using recycled-3Y was successful, resulting in high reliability in missions up to 500MPa. Bilayers based on commercial powder demonstrated superior translucency, strength, and reliability at 800MPa compared to their recycled counterparts.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142996740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidance on the assessment of the functionality of biomaterials for periodontal tissue regeneration: Methodologies and testing procedures","authors":"Arwa Daghrery ,&nbsp;Renan Dal-Fabbro ,&nbsp;Alexandre H. dos Reis-Prado ,&nbsp;Isaac J. de Souza Araújo ,&nbsp;Nicholas G. Fischer ,&nbsp;Vinicius Rosa ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Silikas ,&nbsp;Conrado Aparicio ,&nbsp;David C. Watts ,&nbsp;Marco C. Bottino","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Innovative biomaterials and tissue engineering strategies show great promise in regenerating periodontal tissues. This guidance provides an overview and detailed recommendations for evaluating the biological functionality of these new biomaterials <em>in vitro</em>, focusing on mineralization, immunomodulatory effects, cellular differentiation, and angiogenesis. Additionally, it discusses the use of <em>in vivo</em> experimental models that mimic periodontitis and scrutinizes methods such as osteogenic differentiation, immunomodulation, and anti-inflammatory responses to assess the effectiveness of these biomaterials in promoting periodontal tissue reconstruction. The guidance also addresses translating these findings to clinical applications, including using large animal models. This article aims to provide general recommendations for assessing the biological performance of novel materials and scaffold-based strategies using <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> (animal models), examining their advantages, disadvantages, and methodologies to guide effective research and clinical translation of regenerative treatments in periodontology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 306-318"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental bilayer zirconia systems after aging: Mechanical, optical, and microstructural characterization.","authors":"Edisa O Sousa, Larissa M M Alves, Tiago M B Campos, Edmara T P Bergamo, Ernesto B Benalcazar-Jalkh, Manoela M Marun, Mateus Z Galli, Laura F Carvalho, Claudinei Dos Santos, Sergio M Tebcherani, Gilmar Patrocínio Thim, Yu Zhang, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Lukasz Witek, Paulo G Coelho, Estevam A Bonfante","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To characterize two experimental zirconia bilayer materials compared to their monolithic controls, before and after hydrothermal aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Commercial zirconia powders were utilized to fabricate two bilayer materials: 3Y-TZP+ 5Y-PSZ (3Y+5Y/BI) and 4Y-PSZ+ 5Y-PSZ (4Y+5Y/BI), alongside control groups 3Y-TZP (3Y/C), 4Y-PSZ (4Y/C), and 5Y-PSZ (5Y/C). Compacted specimens were sintered (1550 °C- 2 h, 3 °C/min), and half of them underwent hydrothermal aging (134 °C-20h, 2.2 bar). Characterizations were performed through scanning-electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, reflectance tests and biaxial flexural strength test (ISO:6872). Weibull statistics were applied to determine the characteristic strength and Weibull modulus. Grain size and optical properties were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Degradation regions and monoclinic phase were observed at aged 3Y-TZP and 4Y-PSZ surfaces. Significant differences were observed in the evaluation of optical properties between the bilayer and control groups. The bilayer materials presented intermediate characteristic strength values compared to their controls and aging significantly increased the strength of some groups.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Experimental bilayer materials presented lower mechanical properties than monolithic controls, 3Y/C and 4Y/C. Hydrothermal aging increased the characteristic strength of bilayered and monolithic controls, except for 5Y-PSZ. Both experimental bilayer systems, as well as monolithic controls, met the ISO 6872:2015 requirements for single-unit crowns (100 MPa), 3-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) up to premolars (300 MPa), and 3-unit FDPs involving molars (500 MPa). However, for FDPs with four or more units, only monolithic 3Y-TZP and 4Y-PSZ, and bilayered 3Y+5Y met the required minimum flexural strength (≥800 MPa).</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidance on biomaterials for periodontal tissue regeneration: Fabrication methods, materials and biological considerations","authors":"Nicholas G. Fischer ,&nbsp;Isaac J. de Souza Araújo ,&nbsp;Arwa Daghrery ,&nbsp;Baiqing Yu ,&nbsp;Renan Dal-Fabbro ,&nbsp;Alexandre H. dos Reis-Prado ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Silikas ,&nbsp;Vinicius Rosa ,&nbsp;Conrado Aparicio ,&nbsp;David C. Watts ,&nbsp;Marco C. Bottino","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regeneration of the multiple tissues and interfaces in the periodontal complex necessitates multidisciplinary evaluation to establish structure/function relationships. This article, an initiative of the Academy of Dental Materials, provides guidance for performing chemical, structural, and mechanical characterization of materials for periodontal tissue regeneration, and outlines important recommendations on methods of testing bioactivity, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties of biomaterials/scaffolds for periodontal tissue engineering. First, we briefly summarize periodontal tissue engineering fabrication methods. We then highlight critical variables to consider when evaluating a material for periodontal tissue regeneration, and the fundamental tests used to investigate them. The recommended tests and designs incorporate relevant international standards and provide a framework for characterizing newly developed materials focusing on the applicability of those tests for periodontal tissue regeneration. The most common methods of biofabrication (electrospinning, injectable hydrogels, fused deposition modelling, melt electrowriting, and bioprinting) and their specific applications in periodontal tissue engineering are reviewed. The critical techniques for morphological, chemical, and mechanical characterization of different classes of materials used in periodontal regeneration are then described. The major advantages and drawbacks of each assay, sample sizes, and guidelines on specimen preparation are also highlighted. From a biological standpoint, fundamental methods for testing bioactivity, the biocompatibility of materials, and the experimental models for testing the antimicrobial potential are included in this guidance. In conclusion, researchers performing studies on periodontal tissue regeneration will have this guidance as a tool to assess essential properties and characteristics of their materials/scaffold-based strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 283-305"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142963401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of mechanical instrumentation on titanium implant surface properties.","authors":"Mohammed Alabbad, Nick Silikas, Andrew Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2024.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the impact of mechanical decontamination using rotary brushes on the surface topography, elemental composition, roughness, and wettability of titanium implant surfaces.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four commercially available rotary brushes were used: Labrida BioClean Brush® (LB), i-Brush1 (IB), NiTiBrush Nano (NiTiB), and Peri-implantitis Brush (PIB). Seventy-five titanium discs with sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) surfaces were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 15): LB, IB, NiTiB, PIB, and a control group. Each disc was treated for 60 seconds with the respective rotary brush according to the manufacturer's instructions. Surface morphology was analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), surface elemental composition with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), surface roughness via optical profilometry, and wettability with a droplet shape analyser.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SEI analysis revealed morphological changes, including scratches, flattening, and loose titanium particles in the IB, PIB, and NiTiB groups, whereas the LB group preserved the original surface morphology. SEM-EDX analysis showed that LB, PIB, and NiTiB groups closely match the control elemental composition. However, IB groups showed significantly different composition. Surface roughness values in the IB, PIB, and NiTiB groups differed significantly from the control (p < 0.05), whereas the LB group had comparable roughness values (p > 0.05). Contact angle measurements indicated enhanced wettability in IB, PIB, and NiTiB groups (p < 0.05), while the LB group exhibited values comparable to the control (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Mechanical decontamination of implant surfaces utilising rotary brushes can alter implant surface properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}