Dental Materials最新文献

{"title":"The influence of milling protocols on the fatigue behavior of different CAD-CAM materials","authors":"Rafaela Oliveira Pilecco ,&nbsp;Maria Gabriela Packaeser ,&nbsp;João Paulo Mendes Tribst ,&nbsp;Carlos M. Serrano ,&nbsp;Luiz Felipe Valandro ,&nbsp;Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan ,&nbsp;Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the fatigue behavior of a glass-ceramic and a resin composite milled with two different protocols in a 4-axis milling machine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Lithium disilicate and resin composite crowns were milled using fine or extra fine mode in a 4-axis machine (n= 15). A full crown molar fiber-reinforced resin epoxy die was scanned and used as substrate. Respective surface treatments were applied, and the restorations were bonded with dual resin cement. Cyclic fatigue test was carried out (20 Hz, initial load 400 N, step size 50 N up to 1500 N, then increased to 100 N with 10,000 cycles per step) to assess the fatigue behavior up to the first crack. All specimens were submitted to a fracture load test until catastrophic fracture. Finite element analysis, topography, and fractography were also conducted. Bur wear was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier and two-way ANOVA tests were carried out to analyze fatigue behavior and fracture load, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant difference in fatigue behavior was observed between the milling modes for both materials. Resin composite presented a higher survival rate until crack than lithium disilicate. No difference was found in fracture load among the groups. Extra fine milling mode promotes higher bur wear compared to the fine mode. Noticeable contact damage was observed in both materials.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Resin composite crowns exhibit superior fatigue behavior until crack detection compared to lithium disilicate, regardless of the milling mode. No significant difference in catastrophic fracture load was observed between the milling modes or the restorative materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 9","pages":"Pages 1179-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Titanium surface modified with nanostructure mimicking the surface of natural cementum up-regulated epithelial expression of integrin β4 and enhanced the attachment of the transmucosal gingiva.","authors":"Zhaoming Deng, Lerong Yu, Yi Sun, Yishen Kuang, Ziyao Zhou, Mengyu Chen, Xiangwei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Biomimetic materials are increasingly used for tissue repair and regenerative medicine. However, in implant dentistry, especially in field focusing on the improvement of gingival adhesion and sealing, little has been reported so far. To be specific, it remains unclear whether biomimetic topography of the titanium surface mimicking natural cementum would have an enhancing effect on the gingival adhesion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, we characterized the topography of the deproteinized cementum and fabricated nanotubes on the titanium surface with features simulating natural cementum surface via electrochemical anodization. Then we cultured the human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) on the modified surface to evaluate the biocompatibility and the effect on morphological changes of the cells. Besides, in vivo assay was performed to assess whether the modified surface of mini-implants would improve the gingival adhesion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histological evaluation confirmed the interaction between gingival collagen fibers and cementum, and the topography of the cementum consisted of a large number of pores and holes in micro- and nanoscale. After the anodization, densely or loosely distributed nanotubes mimicking the topography of cementum were fabricated on the surface of titanium, with diameter of approximately 60, 100 and 120 nm under 30, 40 and 50 voltages respectively (TNT-30/40/50). Compared to the polish surface and TNT-50 surface, densely distributed nanotubes (TNT-30/40) increased cell area and aspect ratio of human gingival fibroblasts (p < 0.05). Besides, mini-implants of TNT-30 and TNT-40 enhanced the expression of integrin β4 in transmucosal epithelium.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Densely distributed nanotubes topography with features mimicking the surface of natural cementum was favorable for gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells to achieve tight adhesion on the surface of the materials. Biomimetically modified titanium surface contributed to enhanced gingival sealing and integration of gingival soft tissue around the dental implant.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced ionic antibacterial solutions for dental caries prevention with enhanced aesthetic and demineralization functions.","authors":"Yu-Chien Lin, Wan-Rong Lin, Kaiti Chang, Nai-Chia Teng, Jen-Chang Yang, Ren-Jei Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) is a widely used agent for non-surgical dental caries treatment, offering effective antibacterial and remineralization benefits. However, its high silver ion concentration often results in black stains on treated surfaces, limiting patient acceptance due to aesthetic concerns. This study introduces a novel anti-caries solution incorporating zinc, titanium, and silicon ions, along with silver nanoparticles, to address these limitations. The formulation enables controlled ion release into dentinal tubules, providing sustained antibacterial effects while minimizing discoloration. It demonstrated superior biocompatibility with L929 and HGF-1 cells and reduced staining compared to SDF. Simulated oral environment tests confirmed its ability to form protective crystals, enhance dentin hardness, and inhibit collagen degradation, effectively suppressing caries progression. This solution offers an improved aesthetic and therapeutic option, particularly benefiting pediatric and special-needs patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver diamine fluoride differentially affects dentin and hypomineralized enamel permeabilities","authors":"Conrad Chou ,&nbsp;Misun Kang ,&nbsp;Dilworth Y. Parkinson ,&nbsp;Rosalyn Sulyanto ,&nbsp;Sunita P. Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the physicochemical effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) by correlating permeability with mineral density and elemental composition of hypomineralized enamel and carious dentin.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Enamel and dentin from human carious primary teeth with and without SDF treatment <em>in-vivo</em>, and hypomineralized enamel from permanent molars with and without SDF treatment <em>in-vitro</em> were scanned using micro X-ray computed tomography. Spatial maps of biometals (calcium, zinc), phosphorus, and silver were generated using X-ray fluorescence microprobe. Permeabilities were computed using Porous Microstructure Analysis software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The intrinsic permeability of SDF-treated carious dentin was 14.3 % lower than untreated sound dentin (6.39e-15 ± 3.01e-15 m² vs 7.46e-15 ± 1.82e-15 m²; P &lt; 0.0001), while untreated carious dentin was 98.4 % higher (1.48e-14 ± 7.11e-15 m²; P &lt; 0.0001). SDF-treated and untreated transparent dentin showed similar reduced permeabilities (75.6 % and 78.4 % lower than untreated sound dentin, respectively; P = 0.93). Severely hypomineralized enamel showed permeability reaching 108.1 % of adjacent sound dentin (5.71e-15 ± 2.04e-15 m² vs 5.28e-15 ± 1.30e-15 m²; P = 0.1409) and was significantly higher than mildly hypomineralized enamel (1.39e-15 ± 1.04e-15 m²; P &lt; 0.0001). SDF treatment did not significantly impact the permeability of severely hypomineralized enamel (12.4 % reduction; P = 0.07). Principal component regression identified Zn level as a significant effector of tissue permeabilities in carious primary teeth (P &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study introduces a computational method to measure dental tissue permeability, and demonstrates that SDF significantly reduces permeability in carious dentin but not intact hypomineralized enamel. The study reveals biometal Zn localization can alter dentin and enamel permeabilities, providing new insights into pathobiological mechanisms underlying caries and hypomineralization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 9","pages":"Pages 1167-1178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monomer elution and cytotoxicity of 3D-printed resin-based composites","authors":"Marko Turkalj ,&nbsp;Durgasruthi Pully ,&nbsp;Qianpeng Li ,&nbsp;Wenyue Sun ,&nbsp;Manosij Ghosh ,&nbsp;Stevan M. Čokić ,&nbsp;Jeroen Vanoirbeek ,&nbsp;Bart Van Meerbeek ,&nbsp;Kirsten L. Van Landuyt","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate cytotoxicity and monomer release of 3D-printed resin-based composites (RBCs) for both provisional and permanent intraoral use and the influence of post-processing on biocompatibility.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cylindrical specimens (10 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness) were prepared from three 3D-printed RBCs and a direct restorative RBC (reference). The specimens were divided into two groups: post-processed (PP) and non-post-processed (NPP) and were immersed in a DMEM cell culture medium for 24 h. The cytotoxicity of the eluates was tested by LDH and XTT assays, and the effect on cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. The degree of conversion was assessed up to 7 days, and the elution of monomers (BisEMA3, BisEMA6, BisEMA10, BisGMA, TEGDMA, and UDMA) was measured up to 7 days in water and ethanol using UHPLC-MS/MS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The eluates of 3D-printed RBCs did not cause cytotoxicity and no effect on cell cycle distribution was observed. Furthermore, the PP group exhibited a significantly higher DC than the NPP group and the direct composite. In ethanol, the PP group released lower quantities of monomers than the NPP group and the direct RBC.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Post-processed 3D-printed RBCs exhibited better biocompatibility than direct RBCs in terms of monomer release. Irrespective of post-processing, the amounts of monomers released from the tested RBCs was too low to elicit in-vitro cytotoxicity. However, thanks to the extra-oral post-processing steps, 3D-printed RBCs reached higher DC and released lower quantities of monomers than the direct RBC, which may be relevant for patients with allergic predisposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 9","pages":"Pages 1140-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicenter RCT 5-year survival of screw-retained Cerec chairside-made hybrid abutment posterior ceramic crowns","authors":"Susanne S. Scherrer,&nbsp;Osvaldo D. Moráguez ,&nbsp;Jelena Gavric,&nbsp;Andreas Worni ,&nbsp;Philippe Mojon","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the survival and success at 5 years of Cerec fabricated screw-retained hybrid abutment posterior ceramic crowns made in one chairside session using perforated blocks as compared to PFM crowns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between 2015 and 2023 a multicenter RCT including 7 sites followed 90 implant screw-retained crowns distributed on 45 molars and 45 premolars. The crown materials were PFM/gold abutment (G0, N = 30), lithium disilicate (Li2Si) IPS e.max CAD (G1, N = 30) and polymer infiltrated ceramic network, (PICN) VITA Enamic (G2, N = 30), bonded on titanium bases (TiBase). Patients were recalled once a year. Mechanical outcomes included fracture (F) for which recovered parts were analyzed using fractographic means, partial (PD) or full debonding (FD) and screw loosening (SL). Survival included critical events needing crown replacement. Success included critical and non-critical events. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test for significance at 95 % confidence level and intervals were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Survival: G0 93.3 % (2 F), G1 100 %, G2 31 % (2 F, 9 PD). Success: G0 86.7 % (2 F, 2 SL); G1 93.1 % (2 SL), G3 25.4 % (2 F, 10 PD, 1 FD, 2 SL). Partial debonding was significantly more prevalent in PICN than Li2Si (P &lt; 0.01), occurring between the third and fifth year of observation. No statistical differences for operator-related failures were found. Enamic full thickness fractures occurred after 3.3 and 3.8 years. PFM chip fractures at years 1 and 5.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Within the limits of this study, data suggests that the Cerec fabricated hybrid abutment Enamic crowns bonded to Dentsply Sirona TiBase abutments in one chairside session are not recommended due to the high incidence of non-recoverable partial debonding events. IPS e.max CAD hybrid abutment crowns, on the contrary, performed very well in this RCT. Our findings, however, are limited to the specific set-up of Cerec hybrid abutment crown fabrication and should not be extrapolated to other existing digital workflows, titanium bases and nonperforated ceramic blocks for hybrid abutment crowns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 9","pages":"Pages 1151-1166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of various forms of Salvadora Persica « Siwak » into dental composites: A pilot in vitro study","authors":"Fatma Zohra Cherchali ,&nbsp;Nina Attik ,&nbsp;Halima Meriem Issaadi ,&nbsp;Hazem Abouelleil ,&nbsp;Dominique Decoret ,&nbsp;Amel Amirouche-Korichi ,&nbsp;Mohamed Mouzali ,&nbsp;Dominique Seux ,&nbsp;Brigitte Grosgogeat","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study assessed the potential of <em>Salvadora Persica</em> (Siwak) as a natural bioactive agent for developing dental composites with antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The primary aim was to evaluate its efficacy and identify the optimal form whether powder, extract, or fibers, that achieves a balance between bioactivity, mechanical and physical characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Various forms of Algerian and Oriental Siwak (powder, extracts and fibers), were incorporated at 5 % w/w into experimental dental composites. Flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM) and degree of conversion (DC) were assessed to identify the optimal form. Metabolic activity of <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> in contact with pure Siwak was quantified using the Alamar Blue assay. Antibacterial activity of Siwak-based composites against bacteria was evaluated using turbidity tests, while bacterial cell counts and biofilm formation were analyzed via Scepter™ automated bacteria counter and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Antioxidant capacity was determined through the 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Siwak powder and hot extracts at 5 % incorporation achieved acceptable FS (&gt;85 MPa) and did not affect FM and DC. Siwak-based composites exhibited antioxidant capacities ranging from 6.1 % to 23.4 %, and reduction in bacterial growth of 31.3 %–33.9 %. Hot Algerian Siwak extract was the most effective form. Microwave extracts and fibers negatively affected FS.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Siwak-based dental composites exhibited dual functionality by providing antioxidant properties and inhibiting <em>S. mutans growth without compromising physical and mechanical properties. Siwak biological potential suggest possible application in other dental materials, offering a promising strategy for secondary caries prevention and enhancing restoration longevity.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 9","pages":"Pages 1120-1130"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heating of dental composites: The crucial role of the silane coupling agent on the consistency change","authors":"Benjamin Grob ,&nbsp;Nathan Wachter ,&nbsp;Robert Liska ,&nbsp;Yohann Catel","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the influence of the nature of silane coupling agents on the consistency of dental composites at various temperatures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Silanes <strong>SI 1–4</strong> were synthesized in one single step. They were characterized by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. <strong>SI 1–4</strong>, as well as 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS), 8-methacryloyloxyoctyltrimethoxysilane (MOTS) and n-dodecyltrimethoxysilane were then used to functionalize a barium aluminum borosilicate glass filler (d₅₀ = 1.0 µm). Silanizations were carried out in cyclohexane in the presence of a catalytic amount of n-propylamine. Each silane was used in an equimolar amount. Composites containing 67 wt% of silanized fillers and packable composites exhibiting a similar consistency at room temperature were subsequently formulated. The consistency of the uncured composites was determined at various temperatures (23 °C, 30 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C) using a texture analyzer. The flexural strength and modulus of the cured composites were assessed according to ISO 4049.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The structure of the silane was shown to strongly influence the consistency of composites. The spacer length between silyl and methacrylate groups, as well as the presence of a urea or a urethane moiety, were demonstrated to be key parameters. Heating of each composite resulted in a drop of the consistency. The decrease was however significantly stronger if coupling agents with long spacers were selected. Especially, the use of <strong>SI 3</strong> provided a packable composite which exhibited a packable consistency at 30 °C and flowable consistency at 60 °C. Regarding mechanical properties, it was shown that the coupling agent must be able to copolymerize with the monomers of the organic matrix to obtain high flexural strength and modulus values. The silanization of glass fillers using silanes bearing a long spacer was shown to have an additional advantage: packable composites having a higher filler content, and consequently improved flexural modulus, can be formulated.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The use of filler particles functionalized with silanes containing long alkyl spacers between the silyl and methacrylate moiety is a promising strategy for the development of packable dental composites which exhibit good mechanical properties and a strong drop in consistency upon heating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 9","pages":"Pages 1131-1139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the effect of addition/replacement of bioactive glass to hydraulic calcium silicate cement","authors":"Andreas Koutroulis ,&nbsp;Nandita Menon ,&nbsp;Vasileios Kapralos ,&nbsp;Dag Ørstavik ,&nbsp;Maria Pain ,&nbsp;Håkon Valen ,&nbsp;Josette Camilleri ,&nbsp;Anil Kishen ,&nbsp;Pia Titterud Sunde","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Assess the effect of addition or replacement of bioactive glass (BG) on the physico-chemical, antibacterial and biological properties of radiopacified tricalcium silicate cement (TCS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four materials were tested: An experimental cement with 80 % TCS, 20 % zirconium oxide (TZ-base); two modified versions of TZ-base incorporating 20 % BG 45S5 either as TCS-replacement (TZ-bg-R) or addition (TZ-bg-A); and Biodentine (Septodont). Setting time was assessed using ISO 6876:2012 method. Materials were immersed in water or Dulbecco's modified eagle medium with 10 % fetal bovine serum (DMEM-sup). After seven days, water sorption and solubility were assessed using ISO 4049:2019 methods; water uptake and porosity were also calculated; leachate alkalinity and calcium release were assessed with a pH meter and inductively coupled plasma respectively; specimens were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction analysis. At one-day, antibacterial properties of material surfaces and leachates were tested against <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> and <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> biofilms; leachate cytotoxicity and cytokine release were assessed with the 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Regression models were fitted for all dependent variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to TZ-base, the BG-containing materials had overall increased water sorption, water uptake and porosity; decreased solubility in DMEM-sup; lower calcium release; and generally similar pH, antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity and cytokine release. All experimental cements were more cytotoxic than Biodentine, but the latter caused higher cytokine release.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The BG-incorporation whether added or replacing the cement decreased the solubility in clinically relevant media and did not deteriorate the antimicrobial and biological properties of the materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 9","pages":"Pages 1067-1079"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the physicochemical, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial properties of a resin-based pulp capping material incorporated with calcium fructoborate-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles","authors":"Hacer Balkaya ,&nbsp;Sezer Demirbuğa ,&nbsp;Serkan Dayan ,&nbsp;Nilay Ildız ,&nbsp;Hatice Bekci","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.06.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial properties of a resin-based pulp capping material incorporating calcium fructoborate-loaded mesoporous silica (SBA-15).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the study, calcium fructoborate was loaded into mesoporous silica and then incorporated into the resin-based pulp capping material at concentrations of 3 % and 5 % by weight. The study groups were defined as follows: the group without calcium fructoborate-loaded SBA-15 (Control), the group containing 3 % calcium fructoborate-loaded SBA-15 (%3 CF@SBA-15), and the group containing 5 % calcium fructoborate-loaded SBA-15 (%5 CF@SBA-15). The resulting experimental capping materials were then tested for water absorption, solubility, monomer conversion, antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and stem cell differentiation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The addition of CF@SBA-15 significantly reduced the material’s water absorption (p &lt; 0.05), while no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of solubility and monomer conversion (p &gt; 0.05). As the CF@SBA-15 concentration in the material increased, the antibacterial activity against both <em>S. mutans</em> and <em>L. casei</em> significantly improved (p &lt; 0.05). The addition of 3 % and 5 % CF@SBA-15 significantly increased the biocompatibility (p &lt; 0.05). The 5 % CF@SBA-15 group exhibited statistically significantly the highest stem cell differentiation potential, followed by the 3 % CF@SBA-15 group and the control group (p &lt; 0.05). When compared to the control medium, the differentiation level in the CF@SBA-15-containing groups was higher (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The incorporation of CF@SBA-15 significantly enhanced the biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of the resin-based pulp capping materials. Furthermore, the influence of CF@SBA-15 on stem cell differentiation and its potential to support hard tissue formation in these materials shows promising results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 9","pages":"Pages 1080-1090"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}