Dental Materials最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of the chemical and viscoelastic properties of dentin treated with bromelain and bioactive glass-ceramic.","authors":"Rocio Geng-Vivanco, Mariana Reis-Havlat, José Guilherme Neves, Camila Andrade Zamperini, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri, Ana Karina Bedran-Russo","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the effects of bromelain associated with Biosilicate (BrBio) on the chemical and viscoelastic properties of sound (SD) and caries-affected dentin (CAD), specifically on intertubular and peritubular regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mid-coronal dentin discs were prepared, with half being demineralized using Streptococcus mutans to create CAD. Specimens (n = 5 per group) were treated with: Control (no treatment), 10% bromelain (Br), 10% Biosilicate (Bio), or their association (BrBio). Complex modulus (E*) and damping capacity (tan δ) were measured using nano-dynamic mechanical analysis (nano-DMA) at baseline, immediately after treatment, and after 3 months of aging. Immediate chemical composition was assessed by micro-Raman spectroscopy (n = 3). Data were analyzed using a general linear model, followed by Scheffé's post hoc test (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dentin substrates exhibited distinct chemical and viscoelastic profiles. CAD showed loss of peritubular dentin, restricting analyses to intertubular dentin. In intertubular SD, BrBio showed higher E* than Control and reduced tan δ after 3 months. In peritubular SD, Br presented higher tan δ than Bio and BrBio immediately after treatment. In intertubular CAD, BrBio displayed decreased E* immediately after treatment. In SD, BrBio presented higher crystallinity than Control, whereas in CAD, BrBio had lower crystallinity than Br.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The association of treatments preserved the viscoelastic properties of SD over time, likely by enhancing mineral content, increasing crystallinity, and stabilizing the organic matrix. In CAD, the association produced an immediate reduction in tan δ, suggesting early matrix stabilization mediated by Biosilicate.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147696963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly alkaline mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) affects restorative materials.","authors":"Kumiko Yoshihara, Noriyuki Nagaoka, Yukinori Maruo, Tatsuyuki Ogawa, Takumi Okihara, Sungho Lee, Yasuhiro Yoshida, Bart Van Meerbeek","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2026.03.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2026.03.165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is widely used as an effective pulp-capping material. However, limited scientific evidence is available regarding the optimal restorative material to be placed over MTA. Additionally, the influence of MTA's highly alkaline environment on adjacent restorative materials remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the endurance of various restorative materials, namely a conventional glass-ionomer (GI), a resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI), and a UDMA- and BisGMA-based composite, under water and alkaline conditions, and to examine the interfacial characteristics between these materials and hardened MTA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The endurance of the selected restorative materials was assessed after immersion in distilled water or an alkaline solution. Mechanical strength was evaluated, and material degradation, including turbidity and visible degradation products, was monitored. The interfacial characteristics between hardened MTA and each restorative material were analyzed to determine the stability and bonding behavior at the material interface.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the alkaline solution, turbidity and visible degradation products were observed. Both the RMGI and the UDMA-based composite exhibited significant reductions in mechanical strength. At the interface with hardened MTA, GI demonstrated notable detachment, whereas the composite bonded to MTA by an adhesive exhibited a closely adapted interface with MTA.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>These findings indicate that material selection following MTA placement is critical for maintaining stability and interfacial integrity, particularly under alkaline conditions. Composite resin used in combination with an adhesive may offer superior interfacial performance compared with GI-based materials when placed over MTA.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The promise of injectable hydrogels in dental bone regeneration.","authors":"Shivani Santosh Sakhrani, S Sudheer Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injectable hydrogels are considered to be a minimally invasive approach for the regeneration of the dental bone, providing a number of benefits over traditional surgical procedures. These three-dimensional networks can be given in liquid form and undergo in situ gelation, which keeps their high-water content and structural integrity while enabling them to conform to irregular bone defects. This review focuses on the current state of injectable hydrogel systems for dental bone regeneration, strategies of synthesis, and biological performance, focusing on the design of the material and clinical translation. Injectable hydrogels can be broadly classified into two categories: natural polymer-based systems and synthetic polymer-based systems. Natural polymer-based systems include materials such as chitosan, alginate, hyaluronic acid (HA), and protein-based formulations. Synthetic polymer-based systems include polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and thermosensitive polymers. Hybrid composite systems combine the mechanical flexibility of synthetic polymers with the bioactivity of natural polymers. Both physical crosslinking techniques (ionic interactions, thermogelation, and hydrogen bonding) and chemical crosslinking techniques (enzymatic catalysis, Schiff base reactions, photoinitiation, and thiol-disulfide exchange) are included in the synthesis and gelation mechanisms, and each has unique benefits concerning mechanical characteristics, degradation kinetics, and biocompatibility. Advanced fabrication methodologies, including fibre integration, bioprinting, and integration of nanotechnology, have enhanced the functional properties of injectable hydrogels. These systems promote osteogenesis, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, and infection control by acting as flexible carriers for growth factors, bioactive ceramics, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and antimicrobial agents. Growth factor-loaded hydrogels have accelerated bone healing and periodontal regeneration in human subjects, according to clinical trials with encouraging results. However, despite the progress, there are limitations in improving the mechanical properties for the oral environment, establishing uniform regulatory frameworks for clinical translation, preserving bioactivity during degradation, and reaching regulated biodegradation rates. Future research should concentrate on building a dual-functional system that combines regenerative qualities and antimicrobial qualities. Large-scale manufacturing under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) conditions and the design of patient-specific scaffolds using artificial intelligence and computational modelling are critical for successful clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel chemical initiator using borate salt and sulfonic acid group-containing copolymer for an MMA-based adhesive resin cement.","authors":"Koichiro Hirata, Ko Nakanishi, Kumiko Yoshihara, Mariko Nakamura, Tsukasa Akasaka, Bart Van Meerbeek, Yasuhiro Yoshida","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2026.03.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2026.03.164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop an MMA-based adhesive resin cement using a borate salt as a chemical polymerization initiator with an acid co-initiator, and to evaluate its curing behavior, adhesion, mechanical properties, and esthetic performance compared with commercial MMA-based cements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sulfonic acid group-containing copolymer (SAC) was synthesized and characterized. Four experimental PMMA/MMA resin cements (EX1-EX4) were formulated using tetraphenylborate triethanolamine salt (BO) combined with either a phosphoric acid monomer (PM) or SAC, distributed between powder and liquid components. Curing time (ISO 4049) and thermal accelerated aging (50 °C, 5 days) were used to select the optimal formulation. The selected cement (EX4) was compared with TOKUYAMA MULTIBOND (MB) and Super-Bond C&B (SB) for curing time, water sorption and solubility (ISO 4049), flexural properties, tensile bond strength to bovine enamel and dentin, degree of conversion (Raman spectroscopy), and color stability after water storage and coffee staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EX1 and EX2 (BO + PM) did not self-cure, whereas EX3 and EX4 (BO + SAC) showed effective polymerization. EX4 maintained curing performance after accelerated aging. EX4 met ISO 4049 requirements for water sorption and solubility and showed tensile bond strengths comparable to MB and SB. In flexural testing, EX4 demonstrated high strength with low modulus and large displacement, similar to SB. EX4 exhibited lower yellowness and reduced coffee staining compared with MB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The borate salt/SAC initiator system enabled a stable and clinically promising MMA adhesive resin cement with strong adhesion, favorable toughness, ISO 4049 compliance, and improved esthetic stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3Y-TZP hydrothermal stability under steam (ISO 6872:2024) vs water immersion.","authors":"Paulo E A Silveira, Larissa M M Alves, Tiago M B Campos, Ernesto B Benalcazar-Jalkh, Mariana M T Piza, Sergio M Tebcherani, Paulo G Coelho, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Vinicius T Shiomatsu, Rainã S Dias, Estevam A Bonfante","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effect of the two hydrothermal aging methods on the microstructure, optical and mechanical properties of 3Y-TZP zirconia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>150 disc-shaped specimens of 3Y-TZP were fabricated by uniaxial pressing and allocated into three groups: immediate (Zpex-I), aged at 134 °C and 2.2 bar for 10 h in a hydrothermal reactor either under steam (Zpex-St, as per updated ISO 6872:2024) or immersed in water (Zpex-Iw). Density, crystalline content, microstructure and grain size were assessed. Translucency parameter (TP) and contrast ratio (CR) were also evaluated. Mechanical performance was assessed by biaxial flexural strength testing. Weibull statistics was applied to determine characteristic strength, Weibull modulus. TP, CR, and grain size data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthesized 3Y-TZP exhibited density above 99%. XRD revealed predominantly tetragonal phase in Zpex-I, whereas monoclinic phase was observed in both aged groups. The Zpex-Iw group exhibited higher monoclinic content (37%) compared with Zpex-St (24%). SEM demonstrated significantly larger grain size in Zpex-St relative to Zpex-I, while Zpex-Iw showed no statistical difference from the other groups. Cross-sectional micrographs identified a deeper degraded layer in Zpex-Iw than in Zpex-St. No significant differences were observed in CR; however, TP was significantly reduced in Zpex-Iw. Zpex-Iw presented significantly increased characteristic strength compared to the other groups.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>When immersed in water, hydrothermal aging produced greater t→m transformation than steam, leading to a deeper degraded layer, reduced translucency, and higher characteristic strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-powered and biocompatible electrospun PVDF/ZrO₂ based piezoelectric energy harvesting device for oral health monitoring and dental care.","authors":"Shixin Jin, Jiali Yu, Chi-Wai Kan, Chengfei Zhang, James Kit-Hon Tsoi","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop a self-powered, flexible, and biocompatible piezoelectric energy harvesting device for real-time oral health monitoring and therapeutic applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A composite membrane was fabricated by combining polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) with zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) nanoparticles (0-3.0 wt%) using electrospinning technology. The membrane was characterized morphologically, chemically, mechanically, and piezoelectrically. The resulting piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) was integrated into bite-force testing films, mouthguards, and aligners. Biocompatibility was assessed using CCK-8, LIVE/DEAD, immunofluorescence, and ICP-OES analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The addition of 1.0 wt% ZrO₂ significantly increased the β-phase content and piezoelectric output, yielding a peak voltage of 0.81 V under 0.5 MPa pressure. A two-layer mouthguard achieved up to 1.05 V, enabling real-time bite-force monitoring with excellent linear response. Biocompatibility tests confirmed no cytotoxicity, along with normal cell adhesion and proliferation.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>This work provides a biocompatible, self-powered piezoelectric platform that can harvest oral mechanical energy for wearable diagnostics and therapies, offering a promising strategy for advanced, real-time oral healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofilm formation on cpTi, Ti-6Al-4V and PEKK abutment surfaces: An in vitro study.","authors":"Giulia Brunello, Arya Aslan, Caroline Busch, Alessandro Antonelli, Raquel Guadarrama, Jürgen Becker, Colin R MacKenzie, Kathrin Becker","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2026.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on abutments are critical factors in peri-implant tissue inflammation. Aim of this in vitro study was to compare biofilm development on three abutment materials: machined commercially pure titanium (cpTi), titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CpTi, Ti-6Al-4V, and PEKK disks were characterized with a color 3D laser scanning microscope (Sa, Sz, Sdr, Ssk). Streptococcus oralis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis were cultivated individually, then combined to establish a multispecies biofilm. Sterile disks were preconditioned with artificial saliva, then incubated in bacterial culture under anaerobic conditions for 5 days. Disk incubated in medium were used as control. Following proteinase K digestion, DNA was extracted from adherent microorganisms, and species quantification was performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) (n = 9 disks per group with bacteria and n = 3 with medium only as control). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Alcian blue staining were used to investigate biofilm morphology. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Wilcoxon post hoc test with Bonferroni correction, where appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All disks displayed smooth surface (mean Sa < 0.4 µm). PEKK disks exhibited significantly higher Sa, Sz, and Sdr values than cpTi and Ti-6Al-4V (p < 0.001), while no significant differences were observed for Ssk. qPCR analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in absolute copy number among materials for any bacterial species (p > 0.05). None of the four bacterial strains were detected in the controls. SEM and Alcian blue staining results further confirmed biofilm formation in all test groups.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Within the limitations of the present experimental in vitro model, comparable multispecies biofilm development was observed on all abutment materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147626612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early nanoscale erosive effects of dietary acids on dentine structure and mechanical properties.","authors":"B D Murchie, M J German, P J Waterhouse, F Mullan","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2026.03.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2026.03.166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To characterise early time-resolved demineralisation and associated mechanical degradation of peritubular (PTD) and intertubular dentine (ITD), and to determine whether citric acid (CA) pH or concentration is the dominant factor governing early dentine erosion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty human dentine specimens were assigned to five groups (n = 10/group): a PBS control and four CA conditions (1% buffered CA, pH 3.8; 1% unbuffered CA, pH 2.55; 6% buffered CA, pH 3.8; 6% unbuffered CA, pH 2.06). Each specimen was exposed only to its assigned solution and underwent six consecutive 20 s erosive challenges (0s-2 min). Nanoscale structural changes and modulus of elasticity (MoE) reductions were quantified using atomic force microscopy (AFM), supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PTD mineral was extensively lost after repeated acid exposures, while ITD changes plateaued beyond 60 s (p > 0.05). After 2 min, ITD extrafibrillar mineral was absent, while intrafibrillar mineral remained. The lowest pH solution (6% unbuffered) produced the greatest MoE reduction and the fastest PTD/ITD erosion rates (p < 0.001). At all timepoints, 1% unbuffered CA produced greater demineralisation than 6% buffered CA (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Early dentine erosion is strongly time dependent. During the initial phase of acid exposure (first ∼60 s), demineralisation is governed predominantly by hydrogen-ion activity, rather than tissue-specific structure. Thereafter, the collagen matrix exerts a diffusion-limiting effect that preserves intrafibrillar mineral. Low pH dietary acids therefore present the greatest immediate risk, underscoring the critical role of early acid-dentine contact time in governing initial demineralisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147615646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of microstructures and airborne-particle abrasion on the additively manufactured zirconia bond strength with and without thermocycling","authors":"Mengwei Wang ,&nbsp;Jiabao Liu ,&nbsp;Boxuan Xu ,&nbsp;Wei-Shao Lin ,&nbsp;Jianguo Tan ,&nbsp;Li Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate effects of additively manufactured microstructures, airborne-particle abrasion (APA), and thermocycling on zirconia-resin shear bond strength (SBS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Zirconia discs (N = 280) with microarchitectures of varying protrusion coverage (30 %, 50 %, 70 %) and height (50 μm, 100 μm), along with a non-textured control, were fabricated using Advanced Customized Jetting (ACJ). Specimens were assigned to groups based on APA treatment and thermocycling (15,000 cycles, 5–55 °C). Surface topography was evaluated through contour maps and roughness parameters. After bonding specimens to resin columns (Clearfil AP-X) using light-cured resin cement (Clearfil SA Luting), SBS was tested and analyzed using stepwise linear regression. Failure modes were classified via stereomicroscopy and analyzed using chi-square tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Microstructured groups exhibited significantly higher SBS than controls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), with height (β=0.769) and APA (β=0.268) as key predictors (adjusted R²=0.660). The 50 % proportion/100 µm height/APA group achieved the highest SBS (6.78 ± 0.82 MPa pre-aging; 6.25 ± 0.83 MPa post-aging) and a low adhesive failure rate. Thermocycling increased adhesive failures (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) without affecting SBS (<em>P</em> = 0.954).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Additively manufactured microstructures, particularly those with 50 % proportion, 100 µm height and APA treatment, significantly enhance zirconia-resin bond strength and durability, offering a promising strategy for improving clinical retention of zirconia restorations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 578-585"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145627428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional CuS nanoparticle deposition for enhanced dentin bonding: Synergistic dehydration, MMP inhibition and antibacterial action","authors":"Xue Yang ,&nbsp;Yadong Chen ,&nbsp;Yifan Chen ,&nbsp;Jiajia Xu ,&nbsp;Honghai Yan ,&nbsp;Qiaojie Luo ,&nbsp;Wei Yao ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop a multifunctional strategy based on in-situ copper sulfide (CuS) nanoparticle deposition, aiming to simultaneously mitigate interface-confined water to improve adhesive infiltration, suppress enzymatic degradation, and prevent bacterial colonization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Demineralized dentin matrices (DDM) were sequentially treated with CuSO₄ and Na₂S solutions at three concentrations (0.0015, 0.015, 0.15 mol/L), with conventional wet-bonding as a control. Nanoparticle distribution, matrix dehydration, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, antibacterial efficacy (<em>Streptococcus mutans</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>), and bonding performance (nanoleakage, microtensile bonding strength) were systematically evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Uniform CuS deposition significantly reduced DDM hydration to release the interface-confined water. The 0.015 and 0.15 groups showed enhanced mechanical properties. Moreover, all concentrations of CuS deposition inhibited MMP and showed antibacterial effect. As a result, the 0.015 and 0.15 groups showed improved adhesive infiltration, reduced nanoleakage (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and increased both immediate and aged microtensile bonding strength (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In-situ CuS nanoparticle deposition synergistically enhances bond durability, through DDM dehydration, MMP inhibition, and antibacterial action. This approach effectively minimizes hybrid layer defects and collectively prolongs bonding longevity.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>The Cu-assisted bonding technique provides a clinically feasible solution to address multifactorial failure modes in dentin bonding, leveraging nanomaterial synergy for durable adhesive restorations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 714-726"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145802868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}