Dental Materials最新文献

{"title":"Methacrylated epigallocatechin gallate functionalized dental adhesives: Antiproteolytic activity and dentin bonding studies","authors":"Cristiane Duque ,&nbsp;Daniela Alvim Chrisostomo ,&nbsp;Polliana Mendes Candia Scaffa ,&nbsp;Zach Gouveia ,&nbsp;Fabio Dupart Nascimento ,&nbsp;Sergey V. Plotnikov ,&nbsp;Anuradha Prakki","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the antiproteolytic effect of EGCG-methacrylate monomers and its inhibitory effect on gelatinolytic activity in the hybrid layer. Also, to investigate the effect of an adhesive material functionalized with EGCG-methacrylate monomers on immediate and long-term dentin-resin bond strength. Methods: Neat EGCG (E0) was reacted with three different ratios of methacryloyl ester and dissolved in ethyl acetate to obtain EGCG-methacrylates with hydroxyl functionalization at 33 % (M-E33), 67 % (M-E67) and 100 % (M-E100) levels. Resin composite blocks were built on human dentin surfaces using self-etching adhesive containing E0, M-E33, M-E67, and M-E100 at 1 wt%. Demineralized human dentin disks were immersed in deionized water (DW) or lactic acid (LA) and subsequently treated with DW, acetone (as controls), E0, M-E33, M-E67 and M-E100 diluted in acetone. Concentrations of solubilized type I collagen C-terminal (CTX and ICTP) and N-terminal (NTX) telopeptides were determined from 7-day extracts of dentin matrix specimens by ELISA assays. <em>In situ</em> zymography of adhesive-dentin interface slices from restored teeth was performed by confocal microscope after 24 h dentin treatment. Microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and failure pattern were evaluated after 24 h and 6 months. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey <em>post hoc</em> test (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Results: All experimental groups statistically reduced the release of solubilized telopeptides from dentin samples in DW and LA. E0 and M-E100 incorporated into the adhesive system reduced the gelatinolytic activity within the hybrid layer. The lowest µTBS values for restored teeth were observed for E0 and M-E100 groups, after 24 h and 6 months, respectively. The most prevalent failure observed was classified as type 4, except for M-E100. Significance: EGCG-methacrylate monomers effectively protected collagen from degradation. When incorporated into adhesive systems, EGCG-methacrylates reduced gelatinolytic activity within the hybrid layer, and did not affect immediate and long-term bond strength values of restorations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 7","pages":"Pages 892-900"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and characterization of mechanical properties of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs)-reinforced resin-matrix ceramics for dentistry","authors":"Mindi Zhang ,&nbsp;Qilong Su ,&nbsp;Kaixuan Diao ,&nbsp;Wenya Bi ,&nbsp;Zhuoqun Yan ,&nbsp;Yi Luo ,&nbsp;Guanghui Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate mechanical properties and wear resistance of resin-matrix ceramics reinforced with mechanically produced boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs)</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>BNNSs were dispersed using a mechanical ball-milling technique and incorporated into resin-matrix ceramics at 0.3 %, 0.5 %, 0.7 %, and 0.9 % (wt%). Three-point flexural strength, microhardness, and fracture toughness of the materials were assessed to evaluate the mechanical properties of the resin-matrix ceramics, evaluating the optical properties of resin-matrix ceramics by measuring transmittance, while the wear coefficient and wear rate were measured to determine their wear characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to analyze the fracture toughness tested sections and wear test surfaces.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mechanical properties, transmittance, and wear were differently affected by different concentrations of BNNSs. Flexural strength and microhardness were higher at 0.5 wt% BNNSs group, which increased by 18.04 % and 19.8 % respectively when compared with the control group. While fracture toughness increased as BNNSs concentration also increased. Under the condition of 0.9 wt% BNNSs group, the value is larger, which increased by 73.3 % compared to the control group. The transmittance decreased with the addition of BNNSs, with the 0.9 wt% BNNSs group exhibiting a 22.49 % reduction compared to the control group. At 0.5 % BNNSs group, the wear rate was comparatively low, which was 31 % lower than that of the control group. At 0.5 wt% BNNSs group, the wear coefficient is the smallest, at 0.42. SEM analysis suggested that BNNSs reduced the peeling of the filler.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study provides an opportunity for the application of nanotechnology in the mechanical properties of resin-matrix ceramics and has the potential to contribute to a new generation of restorative materials in clinical treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 8","pages":"Pages 926-937"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doxycycline-laden fibrous microparticles as a therapeutic ingredient for etch-and-rinse adhesive systems: Effects on optical, physical and bonding properties to dentin","authors":"Bianca Tatsch Silveira ,&nbsp;Evandro Piva ,&nbsp;Julia Stela Xavier Paim ,&nbsp;Marco Cícero Bottino ,&nbsp;Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of the modification of an etch-and-rinse (ER) adhesive system with fibrous particles with or without doxycycline (DOX) as a therapeutic ingredient.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Polymeric fibers were synthesized via electrospinning using a 10 wt% polymer solution based on poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). The PCL solution was separated into two aliquots: one was kept unchanged, and the other was laden with 25 wt% of DOX. Each electrospun fiber mat was further processed in a cryogenic impact mill to obtain small-sized fibrous particles, which were characterized with morphological, chemical (FTIR), and antibacterial activity (against <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em>) analyses. The 2-step ER adhesive One-Step (Bisco) was separated into three aliquots: one was kept unmodified to serve as an unfilled control, and the other two aliquots were added with 20 wt% of DOX or PCL fibrous microparticles. The fiber-modified adhesives were tested for degree of conversion (DC), optical properties (color change [ΔE₀₀], translucency, and refractive index [RI]), wettability properties, and bonding potential (microtensile bond strength/µTBS) to dentin after immediate testing and one-year of water storage. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests with α= 5 %. The bond strength data was also analyzed using Weibull analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The morphology of the PCL and DOX particles demonstrated a nonuniform diameter distribution similar to each other. While the PCL particles did not inhibit the growth of <em>S. mutans</em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em>, the DOX particles resulted in significant inhibition halos greater than chlorhexidine (control). The incorporation of the fibrous particles into the adhesive altered the color appearance of the material (ΔE₀₀&gt;1.8 – above the acceptability threshold); translucency was slightly reduced only in the PCL adhesive, and the RI was similar among the tested adhesives. DC was similar among the adhesive groups, but their wetting ability increased in the following order: Control (42.7°±5.1°) &lt; PCL (35.3°±3.4°) &lt; DOX (28.9°±3.3°). All adhesives resulted in similar μTBS after 24 hours of water storage, but after one year of storage, the resin-dentin bonds obtained with DOX adhesive were greater than the control and stable over time. The characteristic strength of the resin-dentin bonds created with the DOX adhesive was as stronger than that obtained with the unmodified control.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The incorporation of fibrous particles, especially those based on therapeutic compounds like doxycycline, is an alternative to improve the biological and wetting ability of etch-and-rinse adhesive systems to dentin. Also, the presence of fibrous particles contributed to stable resin-dentin bonds over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 7","pages":"Pages 862-871"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergetic effect of ZnO-doped dendritic porous silica and barium glass powder as functional bimodal fillers for dental composite applications","authors":"Ci Duan ,&nbsp;Junjun Wang ,&nbsp;Maosheng Li,&nbsp;Ruili Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Porous silica particles have received attention in dental composites owing to their ability to form micromechanical matrix/filler interlocking and serve as the suitable carrier materials. The aim of this work is to develop structural-functional integrated ZnO-doped dendritic porous silica (ZnO-DPS) and investigate the effects of filler morphology and formulations on the physicochemical and antibacterial properties, cytotoxicity, and radiopacity of dental composites.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Various ZnO-DPS particles (Z_<em>x</em>U_<em>y</em>) were synthesized with a one-pot self-assembly route by adjusting the amounts of zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Z) and urea (U) in the microemulsion, respectively. Their morphology and structure were characterized by the electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and N₂ adsorption and desorption isotherms. The mechanical property of dental composites containing optimal Z_0.5U_1.8 and its bimodal fillers with silanized barium glass powder (BGP) were measured by a universal testing machine. The real-time degree of conversion, polymerization shrinkage, antibacterial rate, cytotoxicity, and radiopacity were further evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The optimal Z_0.5U_1.8 particles with complete spherical morphology and hierarchical porous structure were obtained. Functional bimodal fillers were further formulated to address the loading limitation of Z_0.5U_1.8 (10 wt%). Among all materials, the Z₇B₅₃ composite (Z_0.5U_1.8: BGP = 7:53, wt/wt, filler loading: 60 wt%) showed excellent mechanical performance, giving large improvements of 54.3 %, 272 %, and 18.8 % for flexural strength, flexural modulus, and compressive strength, respectively, compared with the unfilled resin. Meanwhile, this composite exhibited lower shrinkage (3.43 ± 0.01 %), higher radiopacity (1.60 mm Al), and better cell viability compared to the unfilled resin and the unimodal Z₇B₀. The antibacterial rate of Z₇B₅₃ is 93.0 ± 1.9 %.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The preparation of ZnO-DPS particles and the design of unimodal and bimodal fillers could provide a better understanding of the relationship between filler formulations and composite properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 7","pages":"Pages 880-891"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing phosphoric acid etching times across different formulations: Impact on dentin structure, roughness, and adhesive performance after 4 years","authors":"Julian de Souza ,&nbsp;Romina Ñaupari-Villasante ,&nbsp;Viviane Hass ,&nbsp;Luis Alfonso Arana-Gordillo ,&nbsp;Mario Felipe Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Giovana Mongruel Gomes ,&nbsp;Alessandro D. Loguercio ,&nbsp;João Carlos Gomes","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of etching times with commercial phosphoric acids on the demineralization pattern, dentin roughness, chemical mapping, nanoleakage (NL), and resin-dentin microtensile bond strength (μTBS) when used with an etch-and-rinse adhesive, assessed immediately and after 4 years of water storage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four commercial phosphoric acids were tested: Ultra-etch [ULE, 35 %], Scotchbond Universal Etchant [SUE, 32 %]; Dentsply Dental Conditioner [DDC, 37 %] and Total Etch [TTE, 37 %]. Occlusal dentin from 188 molars was etched for 3 and 15 seconds. Demineralization patterns were observed via SEM, roughness was measured using optical profilometry, and chemical mapping was obtained through micro-Raman spectroscopy. Resin-dentin bonded beams were prepared for NL and µTBS testing at baseline and after 4 years of water storage. Data were statistically evaluated with three-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 15-second etching, ULE exhibited significantly less demineralization compared to DDC and TTE, while SUE had an intermediate effect (p = 0.001). No differences were observed among groups after 3-second etching (p &gt; 0.05). ULE and SUE showed lower tubular density than DDC and TTE (p = 0.001). Roughness and chemical mapping indicated lower demineralization at 3 seconds for all groups (p &lt; 0.002), except ULE, which showed similar at both 3 and 15 seconds (p &gt; 0.05). NL and μTBS values were higher for ULE and SUE, regardless of etching times and aging period (p &lt; 0.05). ULE demonstrated the best control over demineralization, followed by SUE, both enhancing resin-dentin bonding performance.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>A 3-second phosphoric acid etching time produces sufficient dentin substrate modification for adhesive infiltration, maintaining bond strength and reducing nanoleakage—even after 4 years. The formulation of the acid significantly influences the demineralization pattern and adhesive performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 7","pages":"Pages 850-861"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of proanthocyanidin and riboflavin associated with dimethyl sulfoxide in eroded dentine: Six-year in vitro evaluation","authors":"Michel Wendlinger ,&nbsp;Gabriel David Cochinski ,&nbsp;Pedro Henrique de Aguiar Moreira ,&nbsp;Andres Felipe Millan Cardenas ,&nbsp;Fabiana Suelen Figueredo de Siqueira ,&nbsp;Thiago Henrique Scarabello Stape ,&nbsp;Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay ,&nbsp;Alessandro D. Loguercio","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of crosslinking agents combined with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on collagen crosslinking, long-term bond strength and interfacial integrity of a universal adhesive applied to eroded dentine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighty human molars were randomly distributed into 10 groups according to 1) dentine treatment (no treatment, DMSO; DMSO+proanthocyanidin, and DMSO+riboflavin-UVA); 2) adhesive strategy (etch-and-rinse and self-etch); and 3) storage time at 2 levels (24 h or 6 years). Untreated sound dentine (SD) served as a positive control. One universal adhesive was used in etch-and-rinse and self-etch mode (iBond Universal; Kulzer). Composite fillings were performed, and specimens were sectioned into resin-dentine bonded beams (0.8 mm²) and tested under tension (0.5 mm/min) until fracture after 24 h or 6 years of water storage, nanoleakage and to determine the crosslinking rate by micro-Raman analysis. Data on bond strength, nanoleakage and relative crosslinking rate were analysed using repeated-measure ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DMSO pretreatments, whether associated with crosslinking agents or not, significantly increased bond strengths and reduced nanoleakage levels of eroded dentin, regardless of the adhesive strategy applied (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.002). After 6 years, eroded dentin pretreated with DMSO, alone or associated with crosslinkers, produced significantly higher bond strength than untreated eroded dentin (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dental erosion poses a significant challenge to achieving long-term resin bonding. Such negative effects can be reverted by DMSO pretreatments, without detrimental effects on collagen crosslinking. DMSO may help extend the service life of composite fillings bonded to eroded dentine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 7","pages":"Pages 827-838"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Block copolymers: Efficient toughening agents for the preparation of 3D-printable high impact denture base materials","authors":"Pascal Fässler ,&nbsp;Iris Lamparth ,&nbsp;Sadini Omeragic ,&nbsp;Benjamin Grob ,&nbsp;Kai Rist ,&nbsp;Fabrice Cousin ,&nbsp;Loïc Vidal ,&nbsp;Jacques Lalevée ,&nbsp;Yohann Catel","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this work is to evaluate an innovative toughening technology for the development of 3D printable high impact denture base materials.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Urethane dimethacrylate <strong>DMA1</strong> was synthesized in a two-step, one-pot reaction, starting from tricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]decanedimethanol. Poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-polydimethylsiloxane-poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL-PDMS-PCL) triblock copolymers <strong>BCPs1–3</strong>, exhibiting various PCL block length, were prepared from a bis(3-aminopropyl) terminated polydimethylsiloxane (2000 g mol⁻¹) by ring-opening polymerization of <em>ε</em>-caprolactone (CL). <strong>DMA1</strong>/(octahydro-4,7-methano-1H-indenyl)methyl acrylate (OMIMA) 1/1 (wt/wt) formulations containing various amounts of <strong>BCPs1–3</strong> were prepared. The flexural strength/modulus and the fracture toughness of light-cured materials were measured according to ISO 20795–1:2013. The double bond conversion (DBC) and glass transition temperature (T_g) were determined by NIR spectroscopy and DMTA measurements, respectively. SAXS experiments were performed on dispersions of <strong>BCP2</strong> at different concentrations, before and after the light-curing step. The nanomorphology of cured specimens was characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), whereas the fracture surfaces of the single-edge notched beam (SENB) specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy <strong>(</strong>SEM). A monoblock denture of the lower jaw was 3D printed from the most promising formulation using the PrograPrint system (Ivoclar, Liechtenstein).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The addition of <strong>BCPs1–3</strong> to the <strong>DMA1</strong>/OMIMA mixture led to a decrease of the mechanical properties (flexural strength/modulus) as well as to a significant improvement of the fracture toughness. It was demonstrated that the PDMS/PCL block ratio plays a significant role on the toughening properties. The <strong>BCP2</strong> based material provided the highest flexural strength value. The evaluation of formulations containing different contents of <strong>BCP2</strong> showed that 4.5 wt% was ideal. Indeed, the corresponding light-cured material fulfilled the ISO 20795–1:2013 requirements for high impact denture bases. SAXS and STEM measurements clearly showed that <strong>BCP2</strong> was able to self-assemble in the monomer mixture, leading to the formation of a nanostructure after curing. A monoblock denture of the lower jaw was successfully 3D printed using the most promising formulation.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>By carefully selecting the nature of the components, the use of block copolymers as toughening agents in a urethane dimethacrylate macromonomer/monofunctional monomer mixture can efficiently lead to the formulation of 3D printable high impact denture bases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 7","pages":"Pages 839-849"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-doped glasses with Mg2+ and Zn2+ ions in glass-ionomer cements","authors":"John Makanjuola ,&nbsp;Robert Hill ,&nbsp;Sadia Niazi ,&nbsp;Joseph Aduse-Opoku ,&nbsp;Neelam Gurav ,&nbsp;Subir Banerji ,&nbsp;Sanjukta Deb","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop a new, biocompatible glass-ionomer cement (GIC) with improved antibacterial activity and physical properties through multiple ionic substitutions of strontium with magnesium and zinc.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A fluoro-alumino-silicate glass (LG99Sr) with composition 4.5SiO₂-3Al₂O₃-1.5 P₂O₅-3SrF₂-2SrO was synthesized using the melt-quench technique. LG99Sr was modified by partially substituting SrO with MgO and ZnO, yielding a new composition 4.5SiO₂-3Al₂O₃-1.5 P₂O₅-3SrF₂-0.5SrO-1MgO-0.5ZnO (LG99Sr-Mg-Zn). Following glass characterization, GICs were prepared using Fuji IX (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) as a reference. Physical properties, antimicrobial activity (against <em>Streptococcus mutans</em>, <em>Streptococcus mitis/oralis</em>, and <em>Lactobacillus paracasei</em>), and in vitro cytocompatibility were evaluated. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer HSD post-hoc tests to determine the differences in properties between groups (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The presence of magnesium and zinc in LG99Sr-Mg-Zn was validated via EDS analysis, with ICP-MS confirming their release upon immersion. All GICs demonstrated similar fluoride release profiles; notably, LG99Sr-Mg-Zn exhibited a higher initial fluoride release. Mechanical properties at 24 hours were comparable; however, LG99Sr-Mg-Zn and Fuji IX showed significant improvements (p &lt; 0.05) post-maturation compared to LG99Sr. After 1-month maturation, compressive strength, flexural strength, and Vickers microhardness were significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) for Fuji IX and LG99Sr-Mg-Zn, and microhardness remained significantly higher at 90 days. Agar diffusion, biofilm inhibition, and XTT tests revealed enhanced antibacterial activity (p &lt; 0.05) for LG99Sr-Mg-Zn. MTT and alamarBlue assays confirmed zinc concentration in LG99Sr-Mg-Zn was not cytotoxic.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Ionic substitution of magnesium and zinc in fluoro-alumino-silicate glass significantly enhanced fluoride release and antibacterial properties, improved mechanical properties upon maturation, and maintained cell viability, making it a promising restorative material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 7","pages":"Pages 798-809"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bond preservation in caries-affected dentin restored with acrylamide-based adhesives","authors":"GFM Guimaraes ,&nbsp;S Weber ,&nbsp;FS Lucena ,&nbsp;F Tsuzuki ,&nbsp;AY Furuse ,&nbsp;C Fang ,&nbsp;N Saeed ,&nbsp;MG Logan ,&nbsp;SH Lewis ,&nbsp;CS Pfeifer","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Multi-acrylamides have been shown to enhance the bond stability of the adhesive interface in sound dentin (SD). This study aimed to evaluate the performance of triacrylamides as primers for improving bonding efficacy in caries-affected dentin (CAD).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Caries was induced in dentin using a 5-day microcosm biofilm model, and demineralization was characterized by ATR/FTIR spectroscopy. Primers were formulated with glycerol dimethacrylate (50 %) combined with secondary (TAAEA) or tertiary (TMAAEA) triacrylamides, HEMA (control), or dopamine methacrylamide (Dopa) with HEMA or TMAAEA, in a solvent mixture (ethanol/water, 70/30, 40 vol%). CAD and SD were treated with a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive, restored with resin composite, and sectioned (1 mm²) for microtensile bond strength (μTBS, n = 6) testing after 24 h and six months of water storage at 37 °C. Collagen degradation (hydroxyproline assay, n = 5), in situ zymography (n = 2), and monomer viscosity (n = 3) were also evaluated. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (α=0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In SD, all acrylamides and the control exhibited stable or increased μTBS after six months (&gt;50 MPa). For CAD, bond strengths were comparable to SD, except for HEMA, which consistently showed lower μTBS (&lt;40 MPa). CAD demonstrated reduced mineral content, elevated hydroxyproline release, and greater collagen degradation (p &lt; 0.001). Acrylamides indirectly protected collagen by mitigating enzymatic activity and exhibited higher viscosity than HEMA.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Multi-acrylamides effectively preserve the structural integrity of collagen and sustain bond strength in both sound and caries-affected dentin, contributing to the longevity and performance of adhesive restorations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 7","pages":"Pages 788-797"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex in vitro model systems to understand the biointerfaces of dental implants","authors":"Lisa A. Krattiger ,&nbsp;Anne Géraldine Guex","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This narrative review aims to provide an overview of in vitro models to evaluate new materials or surface functionalities in dental implant research. The focus lies on concepts and models rather than specific materials or cell types.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and google scholar. Major focus was on in vitro studies using mammalian cells that evaluated different implant materials with respect to soft tissue adhesion or osseointegration. Keywords were combinations of in vitro models, dental materials, dental implantology, cells, cell material interactions, or biointerfaces. A total of 147 articles are included in this review.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of studies report on first-line in vitro evaluations with static 2D cell cultures on cylindrical discs of the material of interest. One step further, more advanced 2D models incorporated multiple cell types or studied signaling pathways and mechanisms. Only few publications reported on truly 3D models. A new category of dynamic culture models or integrated implant-on-a-chip systems is arising. We conclude that more research is needed to understand clinical observations on the cellular level and that standardized protocols are needed to evaluate new materials.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>To accommodate patient-specific requirements, new technologies for surface treatments and functionalizations are required. Thereby, the portfolio of standard titanium or zirconia-based dental implants will undoubtedly be complemented with novel materials. In the scope of reducing, refining and replacing animal studies, preceding in vitro evaluations must be more predictive to account for the increasing demand for material evaluations and medical device regulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"41 7","pages":"Pages 810-826"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}