Dental Materials最新文献

{"title":"Longevity of a single-dose, dual-cure universal adhesive: A 7.5-year double-blind split-mouth two-center randomized trial","authors":"Romina Ñaupari-Villasante ,&nbsp;Byron Carpio-Salvatierra ,&nbsp;Thalita P. Matos ,&nbsp;Chane Tardem ,&nbsp;Fernanda Signorelli Calazans ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Rockenbach Binz Ordóñez ,&nbsp;Alessandra Reis ,&nbsp;Marcos Oliveira Barceleiro ,&nbsp;Alessandro D. Loguercio","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the clinical performance of a universal adhesive (Futurabond U, Voco) when applied using different bonding techniques in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) after 7.5 years.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>In two clinical centers, two hundred restorations (n = 50 per group) were randomly placed in 50 participants with at least four NCCLs, using four adhesive strategies: self-etch only (SEE); selective enamel etching + self-etch (SET); etch-and-rinse with dry dentin (ERDry); and etch-and-rinse with wet dentin (ERWet). Restorations were evaluated at baseline and after 6 months, 1, 3, 5 and 7.5 years using the FDI and USPHS criteria for material fracture and retention (primary outcome), along with marginal staining, marginal adaptation, post-operative sensitivity, and caries at restoration margins (secondary outcomes). The survival rates of the different groups were calculated by the Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank test. For secondary outcomes, differences between groups were assessed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney test (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 7.5 years, with a recall rate of 84 %, a total of 135 restorations were analyzed (SEE 33, SET 34, ERDry 34, and ERWet 34). Thirty-two restorations loss retention (SEE 9, SET 8, ERDry 8, and ERWet 7). Retention rates (95 % confidence interval) were 72.7 % (55.8–84.9) for SEE, 76.5 % (60.0–87.6) for SET and ERDry, and 79.4 % (63.2–89.6) for ERWet (p &gt; 0.05). Sixteen restorations (SEE 7, SET 5, ERDry 2, and ERWet 2) showed minor marginal staining, and twenty-eight restorations (SEE 12, SET 5, ERDry 5, ERWet 6) presented minimal marginal adaptation defects (p &gt; 0.05). One restored tooth (ERWet) showed caries at the restoration margin (p &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The clinical performance of a universal adhesive in NCCL restorations was satisfactory after 7.5 years, regardless of the bonding technique.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration number</h3><div>NCT03244124</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 567-577"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145627400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven modeling for build angle optimization to improve accuracy of 3D-printed resin crowns","authors":"Kaibin Wu ,&nbsp;Chen Zhu ,&nbsp;Qinyang Yan ,&nbsp;Alexey Unkovskiy ,&nbsp;Franziska Schmidt ,&nbsp;Zhe Wu ,&nbsp;Bingjiang Qiu ,&nbsp;Ping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To optimize build angles to improve the accuracy of 3D-printed resin crowns using a quadratic regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Resin crown specimens (n = 6) were fabricated using a digital light processing (DLP) printer at four build angles (0°, 30°, 60°, 90°) and two layer thicknesses (50 μm, 100 μm). The dimensional accuracy was quantified by 3D scanning and calculating root mean square error (RMSE). A quadratic regression model was developed and trained on experimental data to establish predictive relationships between build angle and dimensional accuracy. The optimal build angle was further verified.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mid-range angles (37° for 50 μm layers, 45° for 100 μm layers) yielded the lowest RMSE values, indicating optimal trueness. Extreme angles (0° and 90°) demonstrated statistically significant deviations, probably due to anisotropic shrinkage stress (0°) and gravitational effect (90°). The quadratic model effectively captured the nonlinear relationship between build angle and geometric accuracy (p &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Mid-range build angles balance structural integrity and dimensional accuracy, mitigating distortion mechanisms while preserving print efficiency. The proposed data-driven method enables evidence-based parameter selection, offering a potential approach to enhance precision in DLP-fabricated dental restorations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 545-552"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145627449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effect of ammonia- and water-based silver fluoride on dentin collagen matrix","authors":"Merve Uctasli ,&nbsp;Roda Seseogullari-Dirihan ,&nbsp;Thiago Henrique Scarabello Stape ,&nbsp;Mustafa Murat Mutluay ,&nbsp;Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the long-term effect of ammonia- and water-based silver fluoride treatments on the degradation of the dentin collagen matrix.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Dentin beams (0.3x3x7mm) were demineralized (10 % H₃PO₄), rinsed and randomly distributed into six groups. Groups (n = 10 beams/group) were treated with (1) ammonia-based silver fluoride = SDF; (2) SDF + potassium iodide = KI (3) water-based silver fluoride = SF (4) SF + KI (5) KI (6) untreated demineralized dentin beams served as control. Following treatments, dry mass, modulus of elasticity and enzymatic activity were assessed. Dentin beams were incubated in calcium- and zinc-containing artificial saliva up to 6 months. After different incubation periods (1 week, 1 month, 3 months or 6 months), dry mass, modulus of elasticity and enzymatic activity were reevaluated. The aliquots of incubation media were analyzed to determine the solubilized telopeptides of collagen (ICTP and CTX immunoassays), hydroxyproline release and total extractable protein (Bradford assay). Scanning electron microscopy imaging and <em>in situ</em> zymography analyses were conducted. Data were statistically analyzed with ANOVA followed by Tukey test (α=0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Silver fluoride treatments reduced the total enzymatic activity, but increased the solubilized telopeptides of collagen throughout incubation periods (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The addition of KI exacerbated the loss of dry mass, modulus of elasticity, hydroxyproline release and total protein loss (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Ammonia- and water-based silver fluoride treatments may reduce long-term degradation of dentin collagen. However, potassium iodide can further increase endogenous protease activity and compromise the structural integrity of dentin’s organic matrix.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 533-544"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145450388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorine plasma etching modulates submicron topography, physico-chemical aging and biological responses of titanium dental implants","authors":"Frank Rupp ,&nbsp;Barbara Illing ,&nbsp;Nadja Felde ,&nbsp;Zeqian Xu ,&nbsp;Jacob Schultheiss ,&nbsp;Evi Kimmerle-Müller ,&nbsp;Leila Mohammadnejad ,&nbsp;Stefanie Krajewski","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Surface topography, surface chemistry, as well as wetting properties of dental titanium implants are decisive parameteres that modulate biological responses. Problems arise when the optimal wetting properties of as-fabricated implants are compromised by aging effects due to renewed contamination and renewed hydrophobization during storage.</div><div>The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effects of plasma etching on titanium using fluorine-containing gases, focusing on submicron and nano-scale topographical changes, long-term wetting characteristics, hydrocarbon contaminations, and cellular and bacterial responses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Machined titanium reference samples (M) were either plasma-treated by reactive ion etching with CF₄ and NF₃ gases (MCF4, MNF3), or modified by a superimposed nanotopography (Mnano). All samples were hydrophilized by O₂-plasma (new variants), further processed by 14 d storage (aged variants), and were characterized by FE-SEM, AFM, EDX, XPS, and contact angle analyses. Biological experiments were performed <em>in vitro</em> to evaluate possible effects of the prepared surfaces on soft and hard tissue cells by focal contact analysis, CCK8, and alizarin red staining, as well as on bacterial adhesion by crystal violet staining.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CF₄ and NF₃ plasma treatments generated a tight network of submicron pores. MNF3 showed distinct physico-chemical non-aging properties with long-lasting hydrophilicity. The new surface of MNF3 significantly reduced the adhesion of <em>Streptococcus gordonii</em>. However, neither MCF4 nor MNF3 significantly improved the cellular response. In contrast, the highest number of HGF focal contacts indicating improved soft tissue attachment was observed on aged M and Mnano surfaces. Furthermore, HGF metabolic activity declined on new MCF4 and MNF3, compared to M and Mnano.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study shows promising antibacterial potential of the new NF₃ plasma-etched titanium implant surface modification. However, this study also indicates that machined surfaces, due to their already promising soft tissue cellular responses, cannot simply be surpassed by novel fluorine plasma etched surface modifications. Therefore, a zonal arrangement of the transmucosal portion of implant and abutment areas with basal sealing and coronal antibacterial functionalities is suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 648-660"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145773033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method to assess the interfacial fracture toughness of two universal resin cements to dentin","authors":"Tony Lorey ,&nbsp;Jennifer Woolford ,&nbsp;Markus B. Blatz ,&nbsp;Ulrich Lohbauer ,&nbsp;Renan Belli ,&nbsp;José Ignacio Zorzin","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adhesion potential of two universal resin cements compared to a gold standard adhesive system, considering application mode and storage time, using a novel method for interfacial fracture toughness (iFT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>iFT was measured using the Chevron-Notched Beam (CNB) method with a novel modified split-CNB sandwich specimen design. One hundred human third molars were sectioned into enamel-dentin rods, adhesively conditioned, notched, and cut apart in the dentin area. Specimens were bonded using the universal luting resin in self-adhesive mode or with their corresponding adhesive system/primer (RelyX Universal and Scotchbond Universal Plus, Solventum; GCem One and Adhesive Enhancing Primer, GC Corp.). A gold standard adhesive (OptiBond FL, Kerr) in combination with a flowable resin composite as luting material (x-tra base Universal, VOCO) served as a control. The influence of storage time (24 h vs. 180 days), application mode (adhesive vs. self-adhesive), and the material itself on the iFT measured as fracture toughness in mode I (K_Ic) according to ASTM C1421–10 was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to analyze interfacial characteristics and failure modes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis H test with Bonferroni-Holm correction) revealed significant differences in iFT between the groups. Specimens stored for 180 days exhibited lower iFT compared to those stored for 24 h. The adhesive application significantly enhanced iFT relative to the self-adhesive mode. GCem One with Adhesive Enhancing Primer (24 h) exhibited the highest interfacial fracture toughness among all investigated groups. SEM analysis indicated a predominance of adhesive failures at the dentin-resin interface, particularly within the self-adhesive groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The application mode and material significantly influence interfacial fracture toughness. The adhesive-assisted application enhances bond stability, while the self-adhesive approach exhibits lower long-term adhesion.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>The use of universal resin cements along with their adhesive system/primer significantly enhances adhesion between the tooth and the restoration, leading to improved long-term clinical success. For restorations without microretention, universal resin cements must be used in combination with their adhesive system/primer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 607-617"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145751477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxicity testing of dental materials: Establishment of a 3D-printed dentin barrier culture system","authors":"Ella Ohlsson ,&nbsp;Sandra Pohl ,&nbsp;Iryna Prots ,&nbsp;Carola Bolay ,&nbsp;Kerstin M. Galler ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Buchalla ,&nbsp;Gottfried Schmalz ,&nbsp;Matthias Widbiller","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cytotoxicity testing is critical in assessing the biocompatibility of dental materials with regard to the pulp, however, conventional methods such as the extract test (ISO 10993–5) do not reflect the protective effects of dentin in the dentin-pulp complex. Traditional dentin barrier testing techniques (ISO 7405) address this problem, but face challenges due to their complex and expensive production and the difficult and error-prone handling. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a novel, user-friendly and easily accessible dentin barrier culture system (DBCS) to improve cytotoxicity testing of dental materials.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The DBCS was designed and manufactured using stereolithography 3D printing. The components were assembled with dentin discs to create a barrier between an upper and lower compartment (pulp side/restoration side). Dentin discs were pretreated (EDTA or citric acid) and primary human pulp cells (HPC) or mouse fibroblasts (L-929) were cultured in the upper chamber, while a self-adhesive composite (Vertise Flow, Kerr; Scafati, Italy) was applied to the opposite side of the disc after 48 h. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize dentin structure and cell attachment. Analyses included assessment of cell metabolism (MTT test), membrane integrity (LDH assay), and performing live/dead staining. To validate the model, various dentin disc parameters were evaluated, including species origin (human or bovine), location relative to the pulp (proximal or distal), thickness, and the effects of autoclaving. Statistical evaluation was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis or the Mann-Whitney test (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both HPC and L-929 formed confluent cell layers in the DBCS setup. Pretreatment of dentin discs with EDTA or citric acid reliably removed the smear layer, with the latter having a positive effect on cell viability (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.03). The self-adhesive composite had a similar effect on the viability of both cell types, and SEM revealed apoptotic cell morphology. Dentin provided a protection only at a thickness of greater than 400 µm. There were no significant differences in cellular responses to the material depending on dentin origin or autoclaving (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.9999).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This 3D-printable culture system offers a readily available, user-friendly dentin barrier model for evaluating the cytotoxicity of dental materials and can be easily reproduced by anyone with access to a standard 3D printer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 586-595"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145660147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dentin bonding agents and camphorquinone-induced cytotoxicity, 8-isoprostane and prostaglandin production is associated with CYP450, NQO1, NQO2, GST, and GSH peroxidase in human dental pulp cells","authors":"Mei-Chi Chang ,&nbsp;Tai-Min Lin ,&nbsp;Wan-Chuen Liao ,&nbsp;Ju-Hui Wu ,&nbsp;Shyuan-Yow Chen ,&nbsp;Hsueh-Wei Chang ,&nbsp;Wen-Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Hsiao-Hua Chang ,&nbsp;Jiiang-Huei Jeng","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Camphorquinone (CQ) is a photo-initiator popularly-included in the dentin bonding agent (DBA) and composite resin for tooth decay restoration. CQ application during operative procedures may affect the viability and inflammation of dental pulp. Cytochrome P450 (CYP), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO) 1 and NQO2, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are crucial enzymes for metabolism of chemicals with quinone structure. The expression and involvement of various enzymes in CQ metabolism and toxicity were investigated. <em>Methods:</em> Human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) were treated by four DBAs or CQ with/without inhibitors (α-naphthoflavone [CYP inhibitor], dicoumarol &amp; ES936 [NQO1 inhibitors] or quercetin or melatonin [NQO2 inhibitors], ethacrynic acid [GST-P inhibitor], a26 [GPx4 inhibitor], cefoxitin [GPx1 inhibitor]) for 24 h. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for 8-isoprostane, and PGE₂ analysis in culture medium. MTT assay was used for cell viability estimation. Real-time PCR and immunofluorescent staining were used for mRNA/protein expression analysis. <em>Results:</em> We found that in various concentrations, four clinically-used DBAs induced 8-isoprostane and PGE₂ production in HDPCs. CQ stimulated CYP1A1, CYP1A2, NQO1, NQO2, GST-P, GPx1 and GPx4 mRNA and protein expression, and some of the stimulation can be attenuated by U0126 (a MEK/ERK inhibitor). The α-naphthoflavone, ES936, ethacrynic acid, melatonin and a26 showed little effect on the CQ-induced cytotoxicity to HDPCs. Most inhibitors (α-naphthoflavone, dicoumarol, ES936, quercetin, melatonin, a26) except ethacrynic acid and cefoxitin showed preventive effect on CQ-induced PGE₂ and 8-isoprostane production, but to a different extent.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>DBAs and CQ may affect the inflammatory responses and tissue viability of dental pulp during clinical dental practice. Expression of CYPs, NQO1/NQO2, GST-P and GPx in HDPCs affects the metabolism of CQ, cell viability, 8-isoprostane and PGE₂ of HDPCs. Results are important for the clinical success of operative restoration to decrease pulp inflammation and necrosis by modulation of these metabolic enzymes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 553-566"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145627447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EDTA functionalized mesoporous silica (mSiO2-EDTA) for Ca2 + and Zn2+ rechargeable dental resin composites","authors":"Jiahui Huang ,&nbsp;Hongxia Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yueyue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to (1) graft ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) onto mesoporous SiO₂ (mSiO₂) fillers to fabricate Ca²⁺ and Zn²⁺ rechargeable dental composites, (2) investigate the effect of EDTA modification on the properties of the composite resins.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>EDTA modified mSiO₂ (mSiO₂-EDTA) were prepared by a facile one-step silylating reaction. Ca²⁺ and Zn²⁺ were adsorbed onto mSiO₂-EDTA via an ion solution immersing method to obtain mSiO₂-EDTA-Ca and mSiO₂-EDTA-Zn. The ion release behavior and recharge ability of the particles was investigated. Different mass fractions (5, 10, and 20 %) of the functional fillers were added into dental resins to investigate the ion release behavior of the composites. Dental composites containing 20 % fillers were selected to assess their ion recharge capacity, the remineralization potential of mSiO₂-EDTA-Ca loaded composites, and the antibacterial efficacy of those incorporating mSiO₂-EDTA-Zn. The effect of the fillers on the mechanical properties, light-curing performance, and biocompatibility of the dental composites was further evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>mSiO₂-EDTA were successfully synthesized, and Ca²⁺ and Zn²⁺ were adsorbed on the particles by the ion solution immersing method. The ions within the mSiO₂-EDTA-Ca and mSiO₂-EDTA-Zn particles as well as their corresponding dental composites could be released at acidic conditions, and fully recharged after releasing. Even after 10 release-recharge cycles, the ions in the dental resins could still be fully recharged by simply immersing the samples in ion solution for just 10 min. The continually released Ca²⁺ and Zn²⁺ exhibited corresponding functions as promoting mineralization or antibacterial activity. Furthermore, surface modification of mSiO₂ with EDTA did not affect the mechanical properties, light curing performance, and biocompatibility of dental composites.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Novel dental composites with fully Ca²⁺ and Zn²⁺ recharge ability were obtained by surface functionalization of mSiO₂ fillers with EDTA, which provided a potential way for the inhibition of secondary caries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 670-682"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145779942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of resin-modified glass ionomer functionalized with polyvalent metals and cyclic phosphates: Evaluation of mechanical properties, fluoride release, antibiofilm activity and cytotoxicity","authors":"Marcelle Danelon ,&nbsp;Christian Hannig ,&nbsp;Sabine Basche ,&nbsp;Diana Jünger ,&nbsp;Heike Meißner ,&nbsp;Celine Guder ,&nbsp;Jörn Jaschinski ,&nbsp;Torsten Sterzenbach","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This <em>in vitro</em> study evaluated the effect of incorporating stannous chloride (SnCl₂) and sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) into resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) on its mechanical properties, fluoride release, antimicrobial/antibiofilm activity, and cytotoxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six experimental cements were tested: (1) RMGIC; (2) RMGIC+14 %TMP; (3) RMGIC+400 ppm SnCl₂; (4) RMGIC+ 14 %TMP+400 ppm SnCl₂; (5) RMGIC+800 ppm SnCl₂; (6) RMGIC+14 %TMP+800 ppm SnCl₂. Degree of conversion (%DC), diametral/compressive/flexural tensile strength (DTS, CS and FS), Vickers hardness surface (VHS) and surface roughness (Ra) were determined. Fluoride release (F) was assessed over 15 days in demineralizing/remineralizing solutions. Antimicrobial/antibiofilm effects were analyzed using agar diffusion test and DAPI Staining against <em>Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)</em>. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on human primary gingival fibroblasts/epithelial cells.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incorporation of TMP and SnCl₂ enhanced the mechanical performance of the RMGIC. The group containing TMP with 400 ppm SnCl₂ showed the highest DTS and CS (p &lt; 0.05). Ra and VHS varied slightly among groups but remained within acceptable ranges. F release peaked within the first 24 h, particularly in formulations containing TMP with SnCl₂ (p &lt; 0.05), and declined gradually thereafter. SnCl₂, alone or combined with TMP, significantly reduced <em>S. mutan</em>s viability (p &lt; 0.05), as confirmed by bacterial counts and fluorescence staining. Cytotoxicity remained low in all groups containing SnCl₂.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The modification of RMGIC with SnCl₂ and/or TMP showed potential to enhance certain functional properties. Biocompatibility concerns with TMP and the short evaluation period limit definitive conclusions. Further long-term studies are needed to confirm safety and clinical efficacy, particularly regarding fluoride release and antimicrobial effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 473-484"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What enhancement could β-titanium bring to oral implantology?","authors":"Clarisse Montet ,&nbsp;Hazem Abouelleil ,&nbsp;Cerine Labadi ,&nbsp;Rémy Gauthier ,&nbsp;Arnaud Lafon ,&nbsp;Nina Attik","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dental.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Titanium and its alloys are widely used in medicine, particularly in dentistry, due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, limitations associated with commercially pure Titanium (cp-Ti) grade IV and conventional alloys such as Ti-6Al-4V require the development of alternative materials. This short review aims to highlight the potential of β-phase Titanium alloys as next-generation materials for oral implantology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This review is based on ISO standards and clinical requirements related to dental biomaterials, with a particular focus regarding mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Literature research, was conducted targeting studies on both the mechanical and biological performance of Titanium-based materials, with emphasis on β-phase Titanium alloys.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cp-Ti grade IV remains the most commonly used Titanium for dental implants due to its long-standing clinical use, however, it exhibits some limitations, including a high elastic modulus and limited wear resistance. Ti-6Al-4V provides enhanced mechanical strength but raises biocompatibility concerns due to potential Aluminium and Vanadium ion release. β-phase Titanium alloys, with their body-centered cubic structure, demonstrate reduced elastic modulus closer to that of bone, enhanced mechanical strength and improved corrosion resistance, making them promising candidates for dental implants applications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>β-phase Titanium alloys present significant potential to overcome the limitations of current Titanium materials used in oral implantology. Their favorable biomechanical behavior and the absence of released toxic elements, suggest improved implant performance and longevity. Nonetheless, rigorous <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> investigations are essential to confirm their safety, biocompatibility, and long-term clinical outcome before widespread clinical adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 431-439"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}