Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Characterization and Function of a Novel Extracellular Polysaccharide from a Green Alga Parachlorella sp. AMI5.","authors":"Reo Yamane, Reiya Ishida, Yuuya Uejima, Akari Takagi, Akihiro Nakamura, Munehiko Asayama","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05276-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05276-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The green alga Parachlorella sp. AMI5 is a newly identified strain that produces a substantial amount of the unique extracellular polysaccharide amiEPS. This study aimed to investigate the purification, characteristics, and function of amiEPS-N from the AMI5 strain cultivated in a nitrogen-deficient BG11 (BG11-N) culture. We successfully obtained a high yield of 1.08 g/L of purified amiEPS-N with low protein content. Characteristic analyses revealed that amiEPS-N was composed of a flexible molecular form with 0.51 ± 0.00 log (nm)/log (g/mol) of a conformation plot slope in the water solution, and the weight average molecular mass was 1.73 × 10⁶ g/mol in maximum. The monosaccharide composition of amiEPS-N was rhamnose:xylose:glucuronic acid as 55.1:34.8:10.1 (mol%), indicating that it is an acidic rhamnan. The aqueous amiEPS-N exhibited anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme and tyrosinase-enhancing activities, which may contribute to the anti-hypertensive effects and inhibition of gray hair, indicating its novel and unique properties. The biochemical characteristics of the novel amiEPS and the contribution of this production technology to the social implementation for biorefineries are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcription Factor TCF12 Activates the Transcription Level of SLC38A1 to Promote the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Xiaochun Li, Min Liang, Zizhong Xu, Zhili Wei, Yu Xu","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05263-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05263-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer with a high mortality rate. The pathogenic mechanism of HCC is complex. In this study, we aimed to explore the functions of Solute Carrier Family 38 Member 1 (SLC38A1) and transcription factor 12 (TCF12) in HCC malignancy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was performed to estimate the expression of SLC38A1 in HCC. qRT-PCR assay and western blot assay were conducted to determine the expression of SLC38A1, TCF12, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers and ferroptosis-related markers. Colony formation assay and EdU assay were utilized to evaluate cell proliferation ability. Transwell assay was employed for cell migration and invasion. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and iron levels were examined with related kits. ChIP assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay were performed to verify the relationship between TCF12 and SLC38A1. The in vivo experiment was conducted to assess the function of TCF12 in vivo. SLC38A1 was upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. SLC38A1 knockdown suppressed HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT and inhibited ferroptosis in vitro. The transcription factor TCF12 could activate the transcription level of SLC38A1. TCF12 overexpression ameliorated the effects of SLC38A1 knockdown on HCC cell malignant behaviors. Moreover, TCF12 silencing inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo. TCF12 targeted SLC38A1 to promote HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion and restrained ferroptosis, providing a novel sight for HCC pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of Burkholderia cepacia Lipase Immobilized on Styrene-Divinylbenzene Activated with Glutaraldehyde, Triton X-100, and Polyethylene Glycol for the Green Synthesis of Hexyl Acetate.","authors":"Wellington M Correa, Wislei R Osório, Ausdinir D Bortolozo, Erik Poloni, Giovana S Padilha","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05277-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05277-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work focuses on improving the stability of Burkholderia cepacia lipase immobilized on styrene-divinylbenzene by using chemical additives and a cost-effective physical adsorption method. Ethanol pretreatment of the supports proved essential for maintaining enzyme activity. The optimal conditions for immobilization were achieved at a 1:1 support-to-enzyme ratio, pH 8, 200 rpm, and 60 °C. Combinations of the additives glutaraldehyde, polyethylene glycol 1500, and Triton X-100 were examined for activation treatment of supports before immobilization. Concentrations of 2.5% (w/v) of polyethylene glycol 1500 and 0.5% (v/v) of Triton X-100 were used to maximize biocatalyst activity. We show that the activated biocatalyst yielded up to 950% more hexyl acetate than non-activated control after 12 reaction cycles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the effective immobilization of the Burkholderia cepacia lipase. This study introduces a scalable and sustainable method for creating robust biocatalysts aimed at producing value-added chemicals, thereby advancing green chemistry in the flavor industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Activating Transcription Factor 3 and Forkhead Box Protein A2 in Spinal Cord Injury and the Underlying Mechanism.","authors":"Xiong Dong, Huaizhi Gu, Guanhua Xu, Hongxiang Hong, Zhiming Cui","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05256-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05256-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) may function as a regulator of various diseases; however, its role in spinal cord injury (SCI) remains unknown. We designed a current work to evaluate the potentials of the ATF3/forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2) axis in SCI. GSE45006 chip was analyzed, and a volcano plot and heatmap were drawn. Gene Ontology and KEGG analysis were performed for the differentially expressed genes. Animals with SCI were established. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to determine mRNA expression, and western blotting was used for detecting protein expression. The interaction between FOXA2 and the ATF3 promoter was evaluated using the UCSC database and confirmed using dual-luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Cellular behaviors were determined using CCK-8, EdU, and TUNEL assays. Levels of p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, and AKT were examined by the WB method. We found that ATF3 expression was markedly increased in rats with SCI. Interestingly, ATF3 knockdown increased the proliferation and suppressed the apoptotic ability of PC12 cells. FOXA2 activates ATF3 transcription. Knockdown of FOXA2-mediated down-regulation of ATF3 increases growth and decreases PC12 cell death. ATF3 knockdown could increase the level of p-PI3K and p-AKT; FOXA2 shRNA could affect the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT, which was partially abrogated by ATF3 OE. Forkhead box protein regulates the transcription of ATF3, thereby affecting cell growth and PC12 cell death.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Analysis of Proteome and Metabolome Reveals the Basis of Amino Acid Metabolism in Cigar Artificial Fermentation.","authors":"Shujun Chen, Fuxiang Zhu, Shengkui Zhang, Shengxiao Wang, Yanyuan Shen, Mengmeng Zhang, Wenxiao Hu, Qingxiang He, Lei Qiu, Qidong Hao, Zhixing Li, Zhao Liu, Yvqing Ding, Meng Xu, Hongying Kan, Yanqi Hu, Xianyan Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05275-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05275-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cigars are a type of tobacco product made entirely from dried tobacco, primarily consisting of the filler, binder, and wrapper. Fermentation is a key step in improving the quality of cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs). To investigate how fermentation affects quality, this study employed non-targeted metabolomics and data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics to examine the metabolic changes and protein expression levels in tobacco leaves. The results reveal that a total of 112 differential metabolites were identified through untargeted metabolomics, with 87 compounds demonstrating a decrease in relative abundance post-fermentation, including 20 amino acids and their derivatives. Utilizing DIA proteomics, 341 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Functional analysis of these proteins revealed variations in biological functions at different fermentation stages. A total of 21 driver proteins exhibited significant correlations with the metabolic regulation of eight amino acids. This study revealed that the transformation of amino acid metabolism significantly affects the quality of CTLs. It enhanced the understanding of amino acids among the differential metabolites before and after fermentation. This research provides a theoretical basis for the control of amino acids during the artificial fermentation process of CTLs, aiming to further improve their quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alhagi maurorum: A Medicinal Treasure Trove Empowered by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Secondary Metabolite Synthesis.","authors":"Deepak Bamal, Anoop Singh, Nisha Swami, Anita Rani Sehrawat","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05284-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05284-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the potential of green-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) to enhance biomass production and therapeutic metabolite yields in Alhagi maurorum, a medicinal plant of significant pharmaceutical value. CuO NPs were biosynthesized using A. maurorum leaf extract as a reducing and capping agent, with characterization confirmed via UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and zeta potential analysis. Nanoparticles ranged from 7-30 nm in size. Callus induction and proliferation were established using Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with varying concentrations (0-12 mg/L) of CuO NPs combined with plant growth regulators. Maximum callus fresh weight (9.02 mg in cotyledon and 8.46 mg in hypocotyl) was achieved in MS media containing 3.0 mg/L BAP, 0.1 mg/L NAA, and 0.50 mg/L kinetin without CuO NPs. However, CuO NPs significantly enhanced metabolite production in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences (p=0.001) across all biochemical parameters tested, with high F-values for peroxidase activity (7,755.74), total flavonoids (5,195.02), and total soluble sugar (5,702.18). At 8 mg/L CuO NPs, callus cultures exhibited elevated levels of total free amino acids (12.49±0.023 mg/g DW) and total soluble protein (35.617±0.033 mg/g DW), while control samples produced higher starch (35.547±0.23 mg/g DW) and total soluble sugar (121.56±0.091 mg/g DW) content. Significantly, CuO NP-treated cultures demonstrated enhanced secondary metabolite synthesis, with maximum total phenolic compounds (156.477±0.167 mg/g DW GAE) and flavonoids (58.307±0.179 mg/g QE) at 8 and 10 mg/L CuO NPs, respectively. Antioxidant enzyme analysis revealed that cotyledon-derived callus exhibited peak activities at specific CuO NP concentrations: superoxide dismutase (84.5±0.254% inhibition) and glutathione reductase (0.75±0.006% inhibition) at 8 mg/L; peroxidase (3.137±0.009 U), catalase (77.35±0.152 U), and ascorbate peroxidase (0.43±0.006 mM/mg FW) at 10 mg/L. HPLC analysis confirmed the novel presence of lupeol, an anticancer compound, in regenerated roots. These findings demonstrate the potential of CuO NPs for enhancing therapeutic metabolite production in A. maurorum tissue culture while suggesting optimal concentration ranges (8-10 mg/L) for maximum benefits. Further research is necessary to elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing nanoparticle-plant interactions and to address potential health implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioconversion of Feather and Production of Alkaline Protease for Detergent and Dehairing Applications.","authors":"Matthews Mokoba, Amare Gessesse","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05280-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05280-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Annually, the poultry industry releases millions of tons of feather waste into the environment. With a protein content of 91%, feather offers huge potential to serve as an animal feed supplement. However, keratin, the main protein component of feather, is highly resistant to hydrolysis by animal and plant proteases. The use of physicochemical methods to hydrolyze feather, in addition to being expensive, causes decomposition of some amino acids. Thus, microbial bioconversion of feather offers an attractive option for the production of useful products. In this study, an alkaliphilic feather-degrading strain, Bacillus pseudofirmus BCC026, was isolated from the Makgadikgadi salt pan in Botswana. When grown in liquid culture containing feather as the sole source of nitrogen, it resulted in complete solubilization within 48 to 72 h. The organism also produced an alkaline protease, soluble proteins, and peptides/amino acids into the culture medium. The enzyme showed optimum activity in the pH range of 7.5-10.5 and at 70 °C. It was also active and stable in commercial detergents and resulted in complete removal of stain from cotton fabrics. The enzyme was also effective in removing hair from goatskin, indicating its potential for dehairing application. Microbial growth substrates are known to account for a significant proportion of the production cost of industrial enzymes. Since protease BCC026 was produced using feather, a cheap and readily available resource, enzyme production cost could be significantly reduced. Moreover, after enzyme recovery, the soluble proteins and peptides/amino acids in the filtrate could be used for different applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-engineered Antibiotic Formulation That Targets Chronic MRSA Infection.","authors":"P K Praseetha, S Vijayakumar, Lekshmi Gangadhar, S T Gopukumar, S Vijayakumar","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05282-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05282-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The health of millions of people is seriously threatened by infectious diseases that spread rapidly within communities and can lead to outbreaks if not effectively controlled by medical personnel. This study examines the complex mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, specifically focusing on the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in Indian healthcare settings. MRSA isolates exhibited complete resistance to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid on Mueller-Hinton agar plates. Characterization results indicated an increased inhibition zone diameter and enhanced encapsulation integrity. UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis revealed that ciprofloxacin-loaded liposomes achieved an entrapment efficiency of 16.45% after 1 h, increasing to 76% after 24 h. Encapsulation of ciprofloxacin, amikacin, cloxacillin, and vancomycin within vesicles demonstrated improved antimicrobial efficacy against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and MRSA. Moreover, liposome-encapsulated aminoglycosides exhibited promising potential against A. baumannii, particularly in localized infections where sustained drug concentrations at the infection site are essential. The results of this study suggest that liposomal antibiotics hold significant potential for treating severe infections both systemically and topically. They may enhance therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects, offering a promising approach to combating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterologous Expression of Thermostable Endoglucanases from Rasamsonia emersonii: A Paradigm Shift in Biomass Hydrolysis.","authors":"Yashika Raheja, Varinder Singh, Vivek Kumar Gaur, Adrian Tsang, Bhupinder Singh Chadha","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05258-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05258-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, two thermostable endoglucanases (Rem_GH5EG and Rem_GH7EG) from Rasamsonia emersonii were heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris and characterized to evaluate their potential for industrial biomass saccharification. Rem_GH5EG demonstrated markedly superior catalytic efficiency toward barley β-glucan (kcat/Km = 6.3 × 10^-3/mg mL/min), while Rem_GH7EG exhibited a preference for carboxymethyl cellulose (kcat/Km = 1.17 × 10^-3/mg mL/min). Notably, Rem_GH5EG showed optimal activity at 90 °C with a half-life (t_1/2) of 2 h, whereas Rem_GH7EG was active at 70 °C with a half-life (t_1/2) of 1 h, highlighting its suitability for high-temperature hydrolysis processes. Moreover, pre-conditioning of steam and acid pretreated unwashed rice straw slurry with Rem_GH5EG at 90 °C effectively reduced viscosity-related mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the hydrolytic efficiency of benchmark cellulase. These findings underscore the industrial relevance of Rem_GH5EG as the more promising candidate for developing efficient enzyme cocktails for biomass saccharification.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coproduction of Glutathione and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid by Saccharomyces cerevisiae NMZ-2 on Spent Coffee Grounds.","authors":"Natsuki T Kawachi, Yoko Hirono-Hara, Hiroshi Kikukawa, Hiroshi Takagi, Masatoshi Hakamata, Kiyotaka Y Hara","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05268-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05268-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large amounts of spent coffee grounds (SCGs) are generated daily around the world. SCGs can be partly used for fertilizer production by composting through multiple microbial fermentations. In the coffee biorefinery, an attractive way to add value to the SCGs fertilizer is by producing additional biostimulants. In this study, glutathione (GSH) and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), biostimulants for agriculture, were coproduced by fermentation of a yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae NMZ-2, with spent coffee grounds extract (SCGE). The addition of SCGE promoted the growth of this strain and the production of GSH and 5-ALA. This study indicated that SCGE contained carbon and nitrogen sources and minerals for the S. cerevisiae NMZ-2. Controlling the amount of glycine could regulate the ratio of GSH and 5-ALA production. Biostimulants containing a favorable ratio of GSH and 5-ALA produced by the S. cerevisiae NMZ-2 using SCGE would be applicable in a coffee biorefinery.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}