Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Valorization of Cocoa and Peach-Palm Wastes for the Production of Amylases by Pleurotus pulmonarius CCB19 and Its Application as an Additive in Commercial Detergents","authors":"Alaiana Santos Silva,&nbsp;Karollaine Moura Neves,&nbsp;Rayssa Falcão Freitas,&nbsp;Thiago Pereira das Chagas,&nbsp;Luiz Carlos Salay,&nbsp;Erik Galvão Paranhos da Silva,&nbsp;Ana Paula Trovatti Uetanabaro,&nbsp;Andréa Miura da Costa","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05147-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05147-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the context of agribusiness, the agricultural and livestock sectors generate a considerable quantity of waste on a daily basis. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) represents a potential alternative for mitigating the adverse effects of residue accumulation and for producing high-value products such as enzymes. <i>Pleurotus pulmonarius</i> is capable of producing a number of commercial enzymes, including amylases. Accordingly, the present study sought to produce, characterize, and apply amylases obtained from solid-state fermentation of cocoa and peach-palm waste by the fungus <i>Pleurotus pulmonarius</i> CCB19. The highest amylase production by <i>P. pulmonarius</i> was observed after 3 days of solid-state fermentation of the cocoa shells, with an activity of 83.90 U/gds. The physicochemical characterization of the crude amylase using the artificial neural network (ANN) revealed that the highest activity was observed at pH 9 and a temperature of 20 °C (120.7 U/gds). Furthermore, the amylase demonstrated stability in the majority of the tested conditions, maintaining up to 80% of its residual activity for up to 120 min of incubation. With regard to the impact of ions and reagents on enzymatic activity, a positive effect was observed in the presence of Co⁺ ions at concentrations of 1 and 5 mM, whereas Cu⁺ ions at 5 mM demonstrated an inhibitory effect. The addition of SDS and EDTA reagents did not affect the observed activity. Furthermore, the extract was tested in commercial detergent formulations and demonstrated enhanced compatibility (110%) and efficacy (270% with boiled detergent) in removing starch stains from fabrics with Ariel liquid detergent. In conclusion, amylase derived from the fungus <i>Pleurotus pulmonarius</i> CCB19 exhibited favorable properties that make it a suitable candidate for use as an additive in laundry detergent formulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3271 - 3294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143021651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of new (Au, Ru, and Rh) ion complexes and evaluating their activity as anticancer and antioxidants","authors":"Abbas Ali Salih Al-Hamdani,&nbsp;Fatimah Al-Zahraa SH.H,&nbsp;Samara Ali mutar,&nbsp;Noor Ulhuda G. Mohammed","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05140-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05140-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Azo dye was used to prepare a new series of complexes with chlorides of rhodium (Rh⁺³), ruthenium (Ru⁺³), and corona (Au⁺³). The prepared materials were subjected to infrared, ultraviolet-visible, and mass spectrometry, as well as thermogravimetric analysis, differential calorimetry, and elemental analysis. Conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, metal content, and chlorine content of the complexes were also measured. The complexes prepared from the dye were used to determine their ability to inhibit free radicals by measuring their antioxidant capacity using DPPH as a free radical and ascorbic acid as a standard substance and then determining the IC₅₀ value. The ability to inhibit free radicals of the complexes varied according to the IC₅₀ value and its comparison with ascorbic acid. The gold complex gave the highest ability to inhibit free radicals compared to the rest of the complexes, and this was the case and it was. The results are as follows (ascorbic acid &gt;[Au(L)Cl]&gt;[Rh(L)(H₂O)₂Cl]&gt;[Ru(L)(H₂O)₂ Cl]. The effectiveness of corona and rhodium complexes as anticancer agents has been studied for specific types of breast cancer. Five different concentrations at a wavelength of 570 nm were used. From this, the average percentage of cell survival was calculated. It has been found that the highest concentration of 600 µg/ml increases the inhibition of cancer cells. The gold complex exhibited the highest inhibition, providing the strongest anticancer activity and the most effective inhibition of free radicals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3201 - 3214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenocarpine, Marmesin, and Lycocernuine from Ficus benjamina as Promising Inhibitors of Aldose Reductase in Diabetes: A Bioinformatics-Guided Approach","authors":"M. Oliur Rahman,&nbsp;Sheikh Sunzid Ahmed,&nbsp;Ali S. Alqahtani,&nbsp;Kaiser Hamid,&nbsp;Maria Sultana,&nbsp;Mohammad Ajmal Ali","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05160-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05160-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetes affects approximately 422 million people worldwide, leading to 1.5 million deaths annually and causing severe complications such as kidney failure, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease. Aldose reductase (AR), a key enzyme in the polyol pathway, is an important therapeutic target for managing these complications. The high cost, severe side effects, and rising drug resistance in traditional diabetes treatments underscore the urgent need for novel AR-targeting antidiabetic agents. <i>Ficus benjamina</i> used in traditional medicine demonstrates promising potential for diabetes management. This study investigated the antidiabetic potential of <i>F. benjamina</i> phytocompounds targeting AR receptor employing a structure-based drug design approach to identify potential antidiabetic drug agents. Using molecular docking, ADMET analysis, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, MM/GBSA, MM/PBSA, and DFT calculations, we identified three promising lead compounds: adenocarpine (− 9.2 kcal/mol), marmesin (− 8.8 kcal/mol), and lycocernuine (− 8.4 kcal/mol). These compounds presented favorable pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and toxicity profiles, with a 500-ns MD simulation confirming their stability, supported by PCA and Gibbs FEL analysis. MM/GBSA study identified adenocarpine (− 72.53 kcal/mol) as the best compound, outperforming marmesin (− 70 kcal/mol) and lycocernuine (− 61.95 kcal/mol). DFT analysis revealed that adenocarpine exhibited the highest molecular reactivity (3.914 eV), while lycocernuine demonstrated the greatest kinetic stability (6.377 eV). Marmesin and lycocernuine showed increased reactivity upon transitioning from the free states (4.441 eV and 6.377 eV, respectively) to the bound states (4.359 eV and 6.231 eV, respectively). These results could lead to the development of adenocarpine, marmesin, and lycocernuine as novel drug candidates for diabetes, warranting further in vitro and in vivo validation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3215 - 3257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Repeated Production of γ-glutamylcysteine, Essential For Intracellular Glutathione Production, Using Cellulose-immobilized Phytochelatin Synthase-like Enzyme NsPCS","authors":"Takuya Nakai,&nbsp;Kazumasa Hirata,&nbsp;Kazuya Nagano,&nbsp;Masayoshi Arai,&nbsp;Hiroshi Uyama,&nbsp;Yoshihiko Hirata,&nbsp;Misa Muraoka","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05137-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05137-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>γ-Glutamylcysteine (γ-EC) can increase intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels, which may prevent and alleviate age-related disorders and chronic diseases caused by oxidative damage. However, the commercial availability of γ-EC remains limited owing to its complex chemical synthesis from glutamate and cysteine. In this study, we have developed the method of the effective conversion of GSH to γ-EC to achieve the optimal reaction conditions for repeated batch production and potential application in industrial γ-EC production using the phytochelatin synthase-like enzyme NsPCS. For repeated batch conversion reactions, the optimal temperature was determined at 25 °C, where γ-EC showed good stability compared with that at 37 °C, leading to higher overall productivity. Cellulose sponges and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) showed superior mechanical strength as immobilization carriers and greater stability and productivity than other materials. The total amounts of γ-EC obtained by NsPCS immobilized on the cellulose sponge and MCC were 305 mg and 291 mg, respectively, in a 5 mL reaction over five repeated batch reactions. These simple production processes are easily reproduced, and their high volumetric efficiency is promising for the industrial production of stable and low-cost γ-EC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3258 - 3270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12010-024-05137-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"lncRNA SNHG6 Knockdown Promotes Microglial M2 Polarization and Alleviates Spinal Cord Injury via Regulating the miR-182-5p/NEUROD4 Axis","authors":"Luqian Feng,&nbsp;Gang Li","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05153-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05153-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the devastating neurological disorders that leads to a loss of motor and sensory functions. Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (lncRNA SNHG6) plays a crucial role in inflammatory regulation across various diseases. This study investigates the role of SNHG6 in SCI development and its underlying regulatory mechanisms. Two experimental models were established: an in vitro model using LPS-challenged (100 ng/mL) mouse microglia BV2 cells and an in vivo model employing controlled spinal cord impact in mice. SNHG6, miR-182-5p, and NEUROD4 expression levels were quantified through RT-qPCR and Western blot. Functional and histological assessments were performed using the Basso mouse scale (BMS) and Nissl staining, respectively. Putative binding sites between SNHG6 and miR-182-5p, as well as between miR-182-5p and NEUROD4, were predicted using the ENCORI/starBase platform. These molecular interactions were validated through dual-luciferase reporter assays and RNA pull-down experiments, with further confirmation by qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Both LPS-stimulated BV2 cells and spinal cord tissues from SCI mice exhibited elevated SNHG6 expression. Downregulation of SNHG6 enhanced LPS-induced polarization of BV2 cells from M1-type to M2-type, significantly modulated the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory factors (TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-13), and reduced injury severity in SCI mice. Our mechanistic studies revealed that SNHG6 functions as a molecular sponge for miR-182-5p to regulate NEUROD4 expression. This study demonstrates that SNHG6 knockdown promotes microglial M2-type polarization and alleviates inflammatory responses through modulation of the miR-182-5p/NEUROD4 axis, suggesting SNHG6 as a potential therapeutic target for SCI treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3184 - 3200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular RNA ATP9A Stimulates Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Progression via MicroRNA-582-3p/Ribosomal Protein Large P0 Axis and Activating Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Signaling Pathway","authors":"Dingxue Wang,&nbsp;Wenqi Huang,&nbsp;Gao Li","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05159-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05159-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Circular RNAs (circRNAs), along with their pathogenic property in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), require comprehensive analyses and explanations. The study is established with the purpose to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of circATP9A in NSCLC. CircATP9A and microRNA (miR)-582-3p were evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and ribosomal protein large P0 (RPLP0), cleaved caspase-3, cleaved Ki-67, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins (N-cadherin and E-cadherin), and core proteins of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway were by Western blot. The processes of proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were measured by cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2′deoxyuridine, flow cytometry, and Transwell. Gene interaction was verified by RNA immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assay. CircATP9A and RPLP0 were abnormally highly expressed in both NSCLC tissues and cell lines, while miR-582-3p was abnormally low. Knockdown of circATP9A reduced NSCLC proliferation, invasion migration, and EMT and promoted apoptosis. This was further validated in nude mouse xenograft experiments. The inhibitory effect of knockdown of circATP9A on NSCLC was reversed by knockdown of miR-582-3p. In addition, the promoting effect of overexpression of circATP9A on NSCLC was reversed by knockdown of RPLP0. Mechanistically, circATP9A acted as a competitive endogenous RNA, sequestering miR-582-3p away from its target, which in turn modulated the expression of RPLP0. CircATP9A activated the miR-582-3p/RPLP0 axis by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway in NSCLC cells. CircATP9A stimulates NSCLC progression via miR-582-3p/RPLP0 axis and PI3K/AKT cascade activation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3166 - 3183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Neural Network–Based Validation, DFT, Thermal and Biological Evaluation of 4-Aminoantipyrine-Derived Ru(III) Complexes","authors":"Salin Raj S. S.,&nbsp;Chellaian Justin Dhanaraj,&nbsp;Rasappan T.","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05178-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05178-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>New methodologies have been evaluated for validating analytical characterization with artificial neural networks (ANNs). Compared to previous machine learning models, these provide more accurate and automated results with high testing accuracy. The Schiff base ruthenium complexes used in the proposed study were synthesized using 4-aminoantipyrine derivatives. 4-Aminoantipyrine is a biologically active pharmacophore. The geometry of the complexes was confirmed by IR, electronic, and magnetic measurements. XRD analysis pointed out the nanocrystalline behavior of the chelates. The molecular structures have been optimized using DFT calculations. The ruthenium complexes are one of the main chemotherapeutic agents in anticancer therapy over platinum drugs due to a wide range of peculiarities. Complexes exhibit octahedral geometry as confirmed by magnetic measurements exhibiting more biological activity. The complexes are redox active depicting high biological potency. The Ru chelates also display high photocatalytic efficiency. The chelates also adhere to Lipinski’s rule of five as evidenced from mole inspiration calculations. Among the chelates, RuL³ exhibits high anticancer potency suggesting a valuable candidate for the treatment of cancer. RuL⁵ has high antibacterial efficiency, and RuL⁴ complex possesses high antifungal activity. The chelates may serve as potential antimicrobial agents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3048 - 3079"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Analysis and Computational Biology Reveal the Potential Metabolic Pathways for Improvement of Fucoxanthin and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Biosynthesis in Phaeodactylum tricornutum","authors":"Caroline Schmitz,&nbsp;Maurício Luis Sforca,&nbsp;Marcelo Maraschin","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05136-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05136-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work aims to provide a basis for the enhancement of fucoxanthin (FCX) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) biosynthesis in the microalga <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> using metabolomics and computational biology. To achieve this, both targeted (UHPLC and GC-FID) and untargeted (FTIR and NMR) analyses were conducted throughout various stages of cell cultivation. Targeted analyses revealed that EPA concentrations peaked at the end of the logarithmic growth phase, while fucoxanthin levels remained consistent from the onset of this phase through to the stationary phase. Untargeted analyses provided metabolic profiles by correlating FTIR absorbance bands with functional groups. When combined with cultivation strategies designed to improve EPA and FCX content, the optimal time for harvesting cells was identified as the end of the logarithmic phase. NMR further highlighted potentially key metabolic pathways for optimizing EPA and FCX production in <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i>, particularly those involved in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3132 - 3151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Scrutiny of Lentinus polychrous with Attention to Its Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Attributes","authors":"Arghya Naskar,&nbsp;Rituparna Saha,&nbsp;Gouri Basak,&nbsp;Krishnendu Acharya","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05146-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05146-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mushrooms, being a source of therapeutically active compounds, are of great interest to researchers due to their historical usage in traditional therapies and the significant role that natural products have played in the development of contemporary medications. <i>Lentinus polychrous</i> is one underutilized mushroom species collected from the laterites of West Bengal, India. Our study aims toward its taxonomic validation, deciphering the secondary metabolic fingerprint, and testing its efficiency in countering many clinical issues, including oxidative stress, growing microbial drug resistance, and cancer. In vitro investigations have shown that the methanolic extract of the mushroom has a broad spectrum of antioxidant activities with effective concentration (EC₅₀) ranging from 403.6 ± 3.8 to 841.2 ± 10.7 µg/mL depending on the type of free radicals and is effective in combating human pathogenic bacterial strains where MIC₅₀ varies from as low as 302.2 ± 3.8 to 570.6 ± 1.8 µg/mL, mediated likely through inducing the breakdown of the outer coat and inducing increased porosity. The fraction was also shown to possess anticancer properties against A549 cells (LD₅₀ 120.9 ± 1.83 µg/mL) by triggering apoptosis. The modulation of Bcl-2 family gene expression was found to be the primary factor responsible for the induction of apoptosis in A549 cells during the experimental approaches. The findings revealed that the mushroom exhibits significant antioxidant, antibacterial, and particular cytotoxic effects on lung cancer cells, indicating its potential medical importance. These results provide essential insights into possibilities for the development of new therapeutic medicines derived from this mushroom.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3080 - 3107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further Characterization of Lipase B from Ustilago maydis Expressed in Pichia pastoris: a Member of the Candida antarctica Lipase B-like Superfamily","authors":"Marcela Robles-Machuca,&nbsp;Tania Diaz-Vidal,&nbsp;M. Angeles Camacho-Ruiz,&nbsp;Raúl B. Martínez-Pérez,&nbsp;Martha Martin del Campo,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Mateos-Díaz,&nbsp;Jorge A. Rodríguez","doi":"10.1007/s12010-024-05166-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-024-05166-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lipases from the basidiomycete fungus <i>Ustilago maydis</i> are promising but underexplored biocatalysts due to their high homology with <i>Candida antarctica</i> lipases. This study provides a comprehensive characterization of a recombinant CALB-<i>like</i> lipase from <i>U. maydis</i>, expressed in <i>Pichia pastoris</i> (rUMLB), and compares its properties with those of the well-studied recombinant lipase B from <i>C. antarctica</i> (rCALB). Biochemical analyses included evaluations of optimal pH, temperature, triglyceride (TG) preference for short- and medium-chain acyl groups, phospholipase and amidase activities, enantiopreference, thermostability, stability in organic solvents, and response to NaCl concentrations. rUMLB, a glycosylated enzyme with a molecular weight of 38.6 kDa, exhibited cold-active behavior at 0 °C and preferred hydrolysis of partially soluble short-chain fatty acid TGs, like rCALB. In addition, rUMLB was also capable of hydrolyzing insoluble long-chain triglycerides like rCALB. The half-life at 50 °C for rCALB was approximately 1.6 times greater than that of UMLB, which has fewer surface-exposed proline residues. Both enzymes displayed strong (<i>R</i>)-enantiopreference on (<i>R</i>)-glycidyl butyrate, (<i>R</i>)-ethyl hydroxy butyrate, and (<i>R</i>)-methyl hydroxy valerate enantiomers with increased activity in non-polar solvents. However, rUMLB was more sensitive to polar solvents. Notably, rUMLB was activated at high NaCl concentrations, as previously reported for rCALB. rUMLB showed amidase activity on capsaicinoids similar to rCALB; however, rUMLB uniquely demonstrated significant phospholipase activity toward natural phospholipids, a feature not observed in rCALB. The analysis of the cavity adjacent to the active site in the UMLB model and CALB structure revealed slightly larger area, volume, and hydrophobicity values for UMLB. These comparative insights highlight the functional diversity within the CALB-type lipase family, underscoring the potential of UMLB as a versatile biocatalyst and providing valuable information for biotechnological applications and for understanding enzyme structure–function relationships within the CALB superfamily.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 5","pages":"3108 - 3131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}