Chemical Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Recyclable, flame-retardant polyimide film arrays with integrated temperature and humidity sensors for fire early-warning systems","authors":"Fulei Lin, Yuxi Liu, Yunzhe Li, Yachao Zhou, Chengyuan Di, Jingwen Lu, Yanan Li, Huitao Yu, Gaofei Pan, Ruiguang Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.183942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.183942","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional fire early-warning systems primarily rely on threshold-triggered point sensors, which suffer from response delays and cannot monitor the synergistic changes in critical temperature and humidity during fire combustion. Additionally, they cannot adapt to flexible, distributed monitoring scenarios. In this study, we design and fabricate a polyimide (PI) film array modified with an environmentally friendly phosphorus–nitrogen-based flame retardant and amino-functionalized reduced graphene oxide for use in fire early-warning systems. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to the original PI film, the proposed film under combustion conditions at 800 °C can reduce the heat release rate (PHRR) by 24.2%, decrease the total smoke release (TSR) by 82.21%, increase the residual carbon content by 40%, and achieve the VTM Grade VTM-0 rating in vertical combustion tests. Furthermore, the film array features dual sensing modes (temperature and humidity) and dual-parameter (capacitance and resistance) response signals. Under real flame conditions, the 2NH₂–rGO/PI–CDDP–15 film triggers an alarm within 1.1–1.4 s; after removing the heat, the film continues responding for 6.1–7.4 s and returns to normal operation within 0.8–1.1 s. Across three repeated tests, both the response time and signal strength show high consistency, proving the film's early warning performance is highly reliable. Furthermore, the film array achieves high recyclability through chemical depolymerization recycling. In summary, this work integrates combustion shrinkage suppression, dual-modal sensing, recyclability, and array integration into a PI film system, providing a novel integrated material–device solution for the development of highly reliable, eco-friendly, intelligent fire early-warning systems.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-propelled janus nanomotors for deep tumor penetration and synergistic photothermal-chemodynamic immunotherapy","authors":"Haonan Yao, Shuxin Liao, Pingjuan Yang, Beng Ma, Anqi Ji, Tao Chen, Feixiao Ma, Li Zhang, Mingzheng Zou, Linlin Shi, Hao Hu, Shegan Gao, Haoyan Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.183916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.183916","url":null,"abstract":"The poor penetration of nanomedicines into solid tumors severely constrains their antitumor efficacy. Herein, we developed a near-infrared (NIR)-activated dual-propelled nanomotor (P-CSA-FA) based on Cu<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2-x</ce:inf>Se. The motor integrates self-thermophoresis with mechanical propulsion driven by a thermosensitive polymer (T-SP). This dual-propulsion strategy significantly enhanced deep tumor penetration and accumulation, as demonstrated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoids (ESCC-PDOs). P-CSA-FA integrates efficient photothermal therapy (PTT) with synergistic chemodynamic therapy (CDT), inducing mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, which leads to potent immunogenic cell death (ICD). When combined with an immune checkpoint blockade (anti-PD-1), it effectively remodeled the tumor immune microenvironment and initiated a systemic antitumor immune response. This study highlights the benefits of the active propulsion strategy, presenting a novel paradigm for developing intelligent nanotheranostic platforms that combine deep penetration with synergistic immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"11 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomesh-reinforced ultra-thin ionogel hot-film for ultra-fast and high-sensitivity airflow detection","authors":"Ruoyi Liu, Ziqiang Xiang, Yuhao Zhu, Renfeng Gong, Danping Zhang, Jiajun Guo, Shuai Huang, Junjie Weng, Peng Yang, Ying Liu, Yong Zhang, Kehong Lv, Guanjun Liu, Qingshan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.183840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.183840","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible hot-film sensors are essential for dynamic airflow detection. Ionogels offer a promising alternative to traditional metal thermosensitive elements owing to their high temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and intrinsic stretchability. However, the inherent trade-off between low thermal inertia and structural robustness limits their practical application in real-time airflow monitoring. Herein, we report an ultra-thin ionogel hot-film (u-IHF) that simultaneously achieves low thermal inertia and mechanical robustness via a nanomesh-reinforced geometric thinning strategy. By embedding electrospun polyurethane nanomeshes into an ionogel matrix, we fabricated a 20 μm-thick composite film. This ultra-thin architecture simultaneously meets the characteristic-length requirement of the lumped capacitance model and achieves a high toughness of 10.89 MJ·m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−3</ce:sup>. And the ionogel matrix exhibits a high TCR of −3.53% °C<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> within the 0–25 °C range. Coupled with PID-controlled active thermal actuation, the constructed u-IHF sensor demonstrates an outstanding airflow-velocity response time of less than 60 ms at 0.1 m·s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. The device exhibits high airflow-velocity sensitivities, measuring 0.13 s·m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> in the 0–12 m·s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> range and 0.24 s·m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> in the 12–20 m·s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> range. Furthermore, the u-IHF array enables multi-directional airflow perception, achieving a directional resolution of 10°. This non-metallic ionogel-based sensing element establishes a novel paradigm for next-generation flexible thermal anemometry.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injectable self-healing piezoelectric hydrogel coordinates ultrasound-activated infection control and diabetic wound repair","authors":"Xiang Ying, Jie Zhang, Xiangheng Guan, Zheng Lei, Wenhao Zheng, Junrou Zhu, Qian Jin, Yuan Yao, Jiang Zhou, Junyi Ye, Shidi Yang, Quan Du, Kaihang Zhang, Yuanfeng Du","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.183903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.183903","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic wound repair is compromised by persistent infection, excessive exudate, oxidative stress, impaired angiogenesis, and unresolved inflammation. Here, we report an injectable, self-healing hydrogel composed of phenylboronic acid-modified hyaluronic acid (HA-PBA), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and barium titanate (BTO), designated HPB/PVA-BTO. Dynamic boronate ester crosslinks impart shear-thinning and self-healing properties, allowing the hydrated, anion-rich hydrogel to conform to irregular wound geometries and support fluid management. Upon ultrasound (US) stimulation, the embedded BTO nanoparticles generated localized electrical outputs and reactive oxygen species (ROS). In vitro, US-activated HPB/PVA-BTO reduced planktonic bacterial viability by &gt;4 log<ce:inf loc=\"post\">10</ce:inf> units (&gt;99.99%) and eradicated &gt;80% of established biofilm biomass. The treatment also supported fibroblast migration, endothelial cell function, and matrix-related gene expression under high-glucose conditions while shifting macrophage markers toward a reparative phenotype. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice bearing <ce:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</ce:italic>-infected wounds, HPB/PVA-BTO combined with US reduced the bacterial burden and accelerated wound closure (achieving &gt;90% closure by day 14). This treatment further enhanced re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, and significantly upregulated CD31/VEGFA-associated neovascularization. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the potential of an injectable ultrasound-responsive piezoelectric hydrogel to coordinate infection control and microenvironmental regulation during diabetic wound repair.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing multi-functional gradient SEI on Zn powder anodes via electrolyte engineering for highly-stable and wide-temperature aqueous Zn-ion batteries","authors":"Yishan Jin, Jinze Song, Wangsheng Yuan, Shanbao Zou, Yuhui Chen, Lili Liu, Xinhai Yuan, Yunling Wu, Lijun Fu, Yuping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.183900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.183900","url":null,"abstract":"Energy density of aqueous Zn-ion batteries is limited by low utilization of Zn foil anodes. Zn powder-based (Zn-P) anodes exhibit high utilization potential and easy processing, but suffers from severe dendrite growth and side reactions due to its irregular shape and high surface area, particularly at extreme environments. Herein, we report the in situ construction of multi-functional gradient solid electrolyte interface (SEI) on Zn-P through electrolyte design. By introducing DMSO and InCl<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> into 2 M Zn(ClO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf>)<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> solution, the solvation structure is optimized and a gradient SEI is generated on the surface of Zn-P with more zincophilic In metal in the inner layer and more organic/inorganic compounds in the outer layer, which guides the uniform and fast Zn deposition, suppresses the hydrogen evolution and promotes fast Zn<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2+</ce:sup> migration at the interface. Under the synergistic effect of the functional SEI, the cycling stability of Zn-P is significantly improved across a wide temperature range from −30 °C to 60 °C. The Zn-P‖AC supercapacitor exhibits an ultra-long cycle life of 170,000 cycles at 25 °C and 65,000 cycles at −30 °C. Additionally, the Zn-P‖MnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> full battery achieves a high energy density of 102 Wh kg<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> and a high Zn utilization rate of 16.9% after regulating the N/P.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-crosslinked silicone coatings for sustainable marine antifouling: Controlled thymol release and ecological safety","authors":"Peng-Fei Chen, Liang Ma, Jian-Cai Chen, Xin-Yue Li, Hui-Jing Li, Yan-Chao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.183889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.183889","url":null,"abstract":"Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings suffer from poor mechanical strength and weak static antifouling capability, limiting their long-term service in harsh marine environments. Accordingly, this work reports a convenient strategy to construct PDMS coatings with both dynamic and static antifouling capabilities by introducing a thymol-containing fluorinated copolymer, which is synthesized via thiol–ene click reaction and free-radical copolymerization. A dual crosslinking network is formed between branched copolymer and PDMS chains, which not only reinforces its mechanical strength suppresses burst leaching of natural antifoulant thymol. Systematic characterizations confirm the successful construction of crosslinked architecture with uniform surface distribution of fluorine and thymol groups. The optimized PDMS-BP-3 coating delivers a tensile strength of 1.1 MPa, outstanding thermal stability, and stable surface energy that meets the Baier's antifouling criterion. Benefiting from synergistic passive fouling-release effect of low-surface-energy fluorinated segments and active bacteriostatic/algaecidal activity of sustained-released thymol, the coatings exhibit superior anti-protein, antibacterial and anti-algal adhesion performance, with maximum antibacterial inhibition rate up to 99.49% and anti-diatom adhesion rate of 96.58%. Marine field tests further confirm its excellent static antifouling performance and long-term stability. Biosafety assessments via zebrafish embryo, neurobehavioral, organ histological and HepG2 cytotoxicity assays confirm negligible aquatic toxicity of the released thymol at working concentrations, aligning with green marine antifouling requirements. This work presents a generalizable strategy to overcome the intrinsic drawbacks of traditional PDMS coatings, opening new design pathways for next-generation high-performance, environmentally benign marine antifouling materials.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversible Ni exsolution for syngas production via self-regeneration without additional hydrogen: From mechanism to economic/environmental viability","authors":"Sung-Bin Choi, Eunkyung Cho, Heun Se Kim, Jiyoon Jeon, Yeon Jeong Yu, Gwan-Joong Park, Jeong-Chul Kim, Kiho Park, Sung June Cho, Chang Hyun Ko","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.182826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.182826","url":null,"abstract":"Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is hindered by catalyst deactivation and the high costs of conventional hydrogen-reduction-based regeneration. In this study, we propose a novel Ni-substituted SrTiO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> (STN) catalyst system enabling full activity recovery via a simplified self-regeneration without the need for additional H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> reduction DRM (SR-DRM) scenario. This study employs a multidisciplinary approach to bridge atomic-level catalyst dynamics and industrial-scale sustainability through a multi-scale evaluation. At the atomic scale, spectroscopic analysis and CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> pulse tests reveal a structural memory effect where lattice-confined Ni<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3+</ce:sup> and high oxygen mobility drive reversible Ni exsolution and self-regeneration. This microscopic resilience facilitates process-level innovation by eliminating external hydrogen and minimizing downtime. To evaluate systemic impact, techno-economic and life-cycle assessments (TEA/LCA) were integrated. Based on the scenario-based process simulation under identical operating conditions, SR-DRM showed an additional 328.4 ton/year of syngas production (1.9% increase) and approximately 22.19 ton H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>/year of hydrogen savings (2.0% increase) under identical operating conditions, together with 6.2% reduction of levelized cost of hydrogen and a 18.6% reduction in global warming potential. The economic and environmental benefits are mainly caused by SR-DRM operation. By reconciling fundamental materials science with rigorous process evaluation, this framework demonstrates how atomic-scale lattice design dictates macroscopic economic and environmental viability, offering a new paradigm for sustainable carbon capture and utilization.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149359278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing microwave plasma-based CO2 conversion by the reverse Boudouard reaction","authors":"Hugo Vallet, Omar Biondo, Christian K. Kiefer, Yury Gorbanev, Annemie Bogaerts","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.183702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.183702","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma systems with integrated carbon bed have shown promising results for CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> conversion. Here we investigate, for the first time in plasma literature, the performance of microwave plasma with fixed carbon bed at powers up to 6 kW, flow rates up to 40 L<mml:math altimg=\"si208.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">n</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>/min and pressures ranging from atmospheric up to 1.7 bar. Importantly, we derived a new formula for calculating energy efficiency that does not rely on simplifying assumptions, enabling a more accurate determination of this paramount performance metric. We demonstrate improved performance beyond the current state-of-the-art, reaching a steady-state CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> conversion up to 65% and a CO concentration up to 78 vol%, together with a peak CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> conversion of 90% and an exhaust gas stream CO concentration of 97 vol%, and a conversion rate up to 2.29 kg<mml:math altimg=\"si16.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">CO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>/h, corresponding to an energy efficiency of 43% and energy cost of 0.41 MJ/mol<mml:math altimg=\"si16.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">CO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> (0.21 MJ/mol<mml:math altimg=\"si131.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">CO</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>) at atmospheric pressure and specific energy inputs up to 4.6 eV/molecule. Moreover, all experiments with carbon bed resulted in near complete oxygen removal from the exhaust gas stream, reducing separation costs. Our results indicate that regardless of flow rate, operation at the highest power yields the best performance, simplifying process optimisation. Furthermore, a shorter plasma-carbon distance improves overall performance, whereas a longer or higher-volume carbon bed exhibits no discernible effect. Overall, the achieved CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> conversion and CO concentration represent the best performance reported to date in literature for pure CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> plasmas, as well as a very high CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> conversion rate, high energy efficiency and competitively low energy cost, highlighting the potential of microwave CO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> plasma combined with carbon bed as promising technology for Power-to-X applications.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacially engineered piezoelectric hydrogel network with ultrasound-responsive physicochemical cues for vascularized bone regeneration","authors":"Xiuping Qiu, Zhaoyang Wang, Yi Yang, Fenyan Lv, Jinxiu Deng, Weibin Lan, Kun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.183954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.183954","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric scaffolds provide local electrical cues for bone regeneration, but integrating on-demand stimulation with sustained biochemical regulation while preserving electromechanical responsiveness remains challenging. Here, an ultrasound-responsive scaffold was fabricated by incorporating astragaloside IV (AS)-functionalized ZnO nanorods into a methacrylated carboxymethyl chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogel using digital light processing. AS addition during hexamethylenetetramine-assisted synthesis was associated with altered ZnO morphology and an organic–inorganic interface, while electromechanical responsiveness was retained. The scaffolds exhibited reliable printability, mechanical stability, and sustained AS and Zn<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2+</ce:sup> release. In vitro, they supported bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, cytoskeletal organization, and osteogenic differentiation, with further enhancement under ultrasound. Changes in Piezo1 expression and YAP localization were consistent with the possible involvement of Piezo1/YAP-associated mechanotransduction. In rat calvarial defects, the AS-functionalized scaffold combined with ultrasound produced the greatest bone volume and trabecular thickness among the tested groups, alongside enhanced matrix formation and CD31-associated vascularization. These findings support combining ultrasound-responsive scaffolds with sustained biochemical delivery for vascularized bone regeneration. Comprehensive safety assessment and validation in clinically relevant large-animal models remain necessary before clinical translation.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"502 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional Ni2P/Ti3C2Tx carbon aerogel and functional hydrogel electrolyte for high-energy quasi-solid-state hybrid supercapacitors","authors":"Wenjing Zhang, Abdukaiyum Abdurashid, Tursun Abdiryim, Ruxangul Jamal, Kaiyuan Zheng, Ahmat Ali, Kai Song, Jiabei Li, Jiachang Liu, Jinglei Chen, Yizhen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.183899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.183899","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving flexible supercapacitors with high energy density while retaining good mechanical compliance remains difficult. Herein, an electrode–electrolyte synergistic design strategy is proposed by integrating Ni<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>P nanosheet-modified Ti<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>T<ce:inf loc=\"post\">x</ce:inf>/chitosan-derived carbon aerogel (Ni<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>P/Ti<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>T<ce:inf loc=\"post\">x</ce:inf>/CA) as the positive electrode with a PAM/Ti<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>T<ce:inf loc=\"post\">x</ce:inf>/tannic acid/KOH (PTT) functional hydrogel electrolyte for quasi-solid-state supercapacitors. Benefiting from the synergistic contribution of electric double-layer charge storage from Ti<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>T<ce:inf loc=\"post\">x</ce:inf>/chitosan-derived carbon aerogel (Ti<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>T<ce:inf loc=\"post\">x</ce:inf>/CA), Faradaic pseudocapacitive reactions of Ni<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>P, and rapid ion/electron transport enabled by the three-dimensional porous network, the Ni<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>P/Ti<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>T<ce:inf loc=\"post\">x</ce:inf>/CA electrode reaches 1870 F g<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> at 1 A g<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. Meanwhile, PTT hydrogel electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 10 S m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> and a fracture elongation of 1321%, ensuring efficient ion transport and stable interfacial contact. The assembled Ni<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>P/Ti<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>C<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>T<ce:inf loc=\"post\">x</ce:inf>/CA//PTT//AC quasi-solid-state device shows a favorable combination of energy output and cycling stability. Specifically, it delivers 66.3 Wh kg<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> at a power density of 735 W kg<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. After 8000 cycles, 95.5% of the initial capacitance is retained, and the Coulombic efficiency is kept at 94.58%. This work provides an effective electrode–electrolyte co-design strategy for constructing quasi-solid-state supercapacitors with enhanced energy-storage capability, prolonged cycling durability, and improved mechanical reliability.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149374568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}