Chemical Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene over nickel phosphide/carbon nanotube hybrid catalyst: Mechanistic insight into phosphor as electronic structure regulator","authors":"Xueya Dai, Yunli Bai, Kunru Fan, Gang Sun, Xiangjie Zeng, Wei Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166065","url":null,"abstract":"Development of non-noble metallic catalysts for alkane dehydrogenation is a hot topic in the field of catalysis, which relies on the in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanism and the accurate engineering of the electronic structure of the catalyst. In the present work, a novel phosphor modified nickel based catalyst (NiPx/oCNT) was prepared and employed for direct dehydrogenation (DDH) of ethylbenzene (EB) to styrene (ST). The NiPx/oCNT catalyst with well-designed electronic structure showed ST formation rate at 3.19 mmol g<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> h<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> with over 99.0 % ST selectivity with a decent deactivation rate of 0.02 h<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. Comprehensive structure-function relationship characterizations and density functional theory calculations revealed that the electron density in d orbital of Ni decreased with the electronic structure regulation of phosphor, which effectively facilitated ST desorption and reduced the cracking side-reaction and consequent carbonous deposition. The present work not only developed a novel Ni-based catalyst for highly efficient EB DDH reactions but also testified an important concept of delicate electronic structure engineering for enhancing the catalytic performance of transition metal catalysts.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfur-synergized dual-cobalt anchoring configuration in carbon nitride: Deciphering cooperative mechanisms for boosted peroxymonosulfate activation","authors":"Wenbo Li, Hao Zeng, Zhanpeng Zhou, Ling Li, Rongdi Tang, Chunxia Ding, Daoxin Gong, Yaocheng Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166214","url":null,"abstract":"The synergistic effect of dual-element co-doping exhibits superior advantages over single-element modification in advancing sustainable photocatalytic systems. This study develops a series of cobalt/sulfur co-modified carbon nitride (CoSCN) photocatalysts for enhanced peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. Structural characterization reveals that S incorporation induces asymmetric distortion of the carbon nitride (C₃N₄) framework and stimulates electron delocalization, whereas Co atoms establish multiple active sites through a distinctive dual-anchoring configuration, collectively boosting PMS activation. Specifically, the CoSCN-8 + PMS + vis system manifests optimal imidacloprid (IMI) degradation efficacy, with a kinetic constant 11.07 times that of the pristine C₃N₄ counterpart. High-valent Co(IV) and ¹O₂ are corroborated as the predominant contributors, synergistically collaborating with •OH and SO₄•⁻ to drive efficient IMI elimination during CoSCN+PMS + vis processes. Quantitative analysis using the competitive kinetics model further reveals that the oxidation contributions of Co(IV) and ¹O₂ in IMI degradation are 46.2 % and 33.3 %, respectively. Through the integration of photoelectrochemical tests, in situ spectroscopic techniques, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the interfacial electron migration dynamics between PMS and CoSCN are systematically elucidated, along with plausible mechanisms for IMI decomposition. Additionally, the potential degradation pathways and transformation intermediates of IMI are identified via LC-MS and Fukui index analyses. The CoSCN+PMS + vis system demonstrates remarkable stability and adaptability across diverse water matrices. This investigation is anticipated to furnish valuable references for the future advancement of practical PMS activation strategies utilizing dual-element-doped catalysts.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting CO2 solubility in brines using density as a proxy for detailed compositional data of brines: A data-driven modeling approach","authors":"Rupom Bhattacherjee, Sushobhan Pradhan, Clint Aichele, Jack C. Pashin, Goutam Chakraborty, Prem Bikkina","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166174","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional thermodynamic or data-driven CO₂ solubility models require detailed compositional data of brine, which involves time-consuming laboratory procedures. This study proposes a novel machine learning framework that uses brine density at atmospheric conditions as a proxy for ionic composition, enabling CO₂ solubility prediction with only three inputs: temperature, pressure, and density. Using an accumulated experimental dataset comprising 9050 observations in water and NaCl brines across diverse temperature (273.15 to 478.15 K), pressure (1 to 1510 bar), and salinity (0 to 6 mol/kg) conditions, multiple regression and neural network models were developed and compared. A Back Propagation Neural Network model coupled with Adam optimizer demonstrated the best performance, achieving an R² score of 0.999 and a mean squared error of 0.00004 on the validation set. Trend analysis confirmed that the model captures the complex relationship between CO₂ solubility and temperature, pressure, and salinity, in accordance with thermodynamic principles. The model also demonstrated strong generalizability across other chloride-based brines and two produced water samples.This is the first study to generalize CO₂ solubility prediction using brine density as a full proxy for composition across wide operational conditions. The results suggest that atmospheric brine density is a reliable surrogate for brine composition, which enables assessment of CO₂ solubility trapping potential in field settings where full compositional data are unavailable. Model's practical utility was demonstrated by estimating CO₂ solubility trapping for 445 storage sites in central Gulf of Mexico, where over 111 megatons of storage capacity via solubility trapping were projected.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma-catalytic reforming of toluene over Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts: Synergistic effect and reaction mechanism","authors":"Tian Chang, Tian Zhang, Yu Wang, Abdelkader Labidi, Karen Leus, Nathalie De Geyter, Rino Morent, Chuanyi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166113","url":null,"abstract":"Tar removal is a critical barrier to commercializing biomass gasification, necessitating efficient and cost-effective treatment methods. In this study, toluene was employed as a model compound of tar, and a highly synergistic non-thermal plasma (NTP)-coupled Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst system was established for the reforming of toluene into syngas. The performance data demonstrated a remarkable synergy between NTP and the Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst at low temperatures ranging from ambient to 525 °C, with the maximum toluene conversion rate reaching approximately 1.3 times that of the NTP-only system and about 7.6 times that of the catalyst-only system. The distribution of syngas and other C1 products was effectively tailored by adjusting discharge power, reforming temperature, and Ni loading on the catalyst. Optimal conditions included a discharge power of 75 W, a reforming temperature of 525 °C and an appropriate Ni loading of 15 wt%, leading to the highest toluene conversion rate of 97.58 %, H₂ selectivity of 42 %, and CO selectivity of 31.72 %, respectively. Conversely, lower discharge power (30 W) proved more favorable for achieving higher energy efficiency (6.31 g/kWh). The catalytic performance analysis indicated that catalysts with higher chemisorbed oxygen content, better reducibility, more medium acidic sites, and fewer strong acidic sites exhibited stronger synergy with plasma and demonstrated excellent stability. Furthermore, the direct identification of active species and by-products provided valuable mechanistic insights into the reaction pathway for toluene reforming using the NTP-Ni/HZSM-5 system. These findings offer new perspectives on the synergistic effect in NTP-Ni/HZSM-5, advancing the development of effective and economical tar reforming processes for the bioenergy industry.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature-inspired cell membrane-coated artificial biocatalysts with Os-single-atom sites and multienzyme-mimetic activities for targeted tumor therapy","authors":"Jiawei Wang, Jing Wu, Zijun Ma, Xin Xie, Lu Zhao, Xiao Luo, Wenjun Liu, Bo Ren, Qi Li, Ling Li, Shengdong Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166190","url":null,"abstract":"Constructing highly efficient and specific artificial biocatalysts with multi-enzyme activities for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) is extremely desirable but remains challenging for targeted malignant melanoma (MM) therapy. Here, inspired by the high-efficient and specificity of natural enzymes, an innovative cancer cell membrane (CCM) coated and multi-enzyme biocatalyst (OsCu-O_v@CCM) with single atom Os catalytic centers and oxygen vacancies (O_v) for targeted MM therapy is reported. Owing to the excellent electronic properties of Os active sites and structure diversities, the synthesized biocatalyst (OsCu-O_v) exhibits exceptional ROS-catalytic activities, including peroxidase (POD)-, halogen peroxidase (HPO)- and catalase (CAT)-mimetic behaviors. CCM coating with excellent biological interface properties including homologous targeting, efficient OsCu-O_v delivery. Consequently, the vivo experiments reveal that the OsCu-O_v@CCM can provide high-efficiency therapeutic efficacy for MM by the production of ROS and remission of tumor hypoxic microenvironment (THME), meanwhile, it induces to mitochondrial damage, thereby activating the Bax-Bcl-2-Caspase 3 axis, which further initiates apoptosis. It is suggested that the design of this artificial biocatalyst with CCM coated Os-single-atom sites will offers a new guidance for developing high-performance ROS-catalytic materials in tumor therapy and other ROS-related diseases.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hollow nanoreactor with MoS2 encapsulated in ZnIn2S4: Spatially oriented distribution of MoS2 improves photothermal hydrogen production activity","authors":"Hang Su, Hanxiao Tang, Zhijuan Zhang, Weisheng Feng, Hongming Lou","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166165","url":null,"abstract":"The rational design of nanoreactors is of paramount importance for synergistically optimizing light absorption, photogenerated carrier separation efficiency, and surface reactions to enhance photothermal catalytic hydrogen production. In this study, we constructed a nanoreactor with spatially ordered distribution of MoS₂ on the inner surface of hollow ZnIn₂S₄ (ZIS) through a one-pot hydrothermal method. Benefiting from its scientifically designed architecture, the nanoreactor exhibits exceptional photothermal hydrogen evolution activity of 33.6 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹, which is 2.3-fold and 18.7-fold higher than those of pristine ZIS and MoS₂, respectively. UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS) confirmed that the incorporation of MoS₂ extends the light absorption edge of the nanoreactor beyond 1000 nm, significantly enhancing the photothermal conversion efficiency of ZIS to 14.6 %. Thermal participation in the photothermal hydrogen evolution process reduced the apparent activation energy to 9.8 kJ mol⁻¹ (70.9 % lower than conventional ZIS), indicating that the photothermal effect improve the reaction kinetics effectively. This phenomenon aligns with the temperature-dependent time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy results of the accelerated photogenerated carrier kinetics under thermal assistance. In situ Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) detected a 0.2 eV increase in the Schottky barrier height of the optimized nanoreactor under photoexcitation, effectively suppressing carrier recombination. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, these results elucidate the existence of a built-in electric field at the nanoreactor interface, which not only inhibits charge recombination but also optimizes the Gibbs free energy of H* intermediate adsorption (0.11 eV), thereby intensifying surface catalytic reactions. This study elucidates the synergistic mechanisms of core-shell structures in enhancing light absorption, improving carrier separation efficiency, and optimizing surface reaction kinetics, providing theoretical guidance for the cooperative improvement of photothermal hydrogen production activity.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of prolonged power interruption on methane production in MEC-AD systems: Processes and mechanisms","authors":"Ling Wang, Chenxin Zhu, Haichao Luo, Xiaoqiu Lin, Yue Ma, Xuejun Bi, Wenzong Liu, Heliang Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166195","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial electrolysis cell-assisted anaerobic digestion (MEC-AD) system has been recognized as an efficient method to promote the efficiency of the sludge resource recovery efficiency. In this study, the effects of the power-off duration intervals on the system are the focus. The results demonstrate that prolonging the power-off duration enhance methane production in the system. Compared to the short power-off intermittent mode (1d-on/1d-off), the extended power-off modes of 1d-on/5d-off and 1d-on/11d-off increase methane yields by 22.7 % and 7.2 %, respectively. Furthermore, the energy efficiency is substantially increased to 1102 % and 645 %. Mechanistic analysis reveals that extending the power-off duration enhances the bioconversion processes of organic matter in the system, including hydrolysis, acidogenesis, and methanogenesis, by upregulating the activities of key enzymes. Protease activity is increased by 17 % and 3 %, and coenzyme F420 activity is increased by 25 % and 14 %, respectively. A greater proportion of carbon in the sludge is directed toward methane production rather than carbon dioxide emission, resulting in enhanced removal efficiency of solid organic matter. Volatile suspended solids (VSS) removal reaches 63.5 % and 60.6 % for 1d-on/5d-off and 1d-on/11d-off modes, which is 114 % and 105 % higher than 24 h-on mode. MEC-AD operating under 1d-on/5d-off mode demonstrates superior performances, exhibiting enhanced electrochemical activity, elevated conductivity, promoted sludge aggregation, reduced extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secretion, and increased Zeta potential. This study provides a cost-effective and superior approach to further improve sludge treatment efficiency, with implications for optimizing bioelectrochemical systems in resource recovery applications.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"665 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous bio-clogging mitigation and nutrient removal enhancement via sulfide addition in constructed wetlands","authors":"Jie Wang, Yueying Zheng, Xiaodi Zhou, Xiaoning Wang, Yabing Lv, Juchen Xu, Ruiya Chen, Xugang He, Jie Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166194","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-clogging, primarily driven by excessive biofilm growth, significantly hampers the efficiency and longevity of constructed wetlands (CWs). This study introduces an innovative sulfide addition strategy to mitigate bio-clogging and enhance nitrogen and phosphorus removal in CWs. Experimental results indicate sulfide addition notably slows bio-clogging by up to 3.72-fold, primarily through targeted disruption of extracellular polymeric substances, particularly polysaccharides. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that biofilms in sulfide-treated CWs developed porous, network-like structures, significantly improving substrate permeability. Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix analyses revealed substantial production of tryptophan-like proteins and microbial byproducts under anaerobic conditions in sulfide-treated CWs, which were subsequently fermented into short-chain fatty acids. Under carbon-limited conditions (COD/<em>N</em> = 3), sulfide-enhanced CWs achieved approximately 78.19 % and 84.23 % removal efficiencies for nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively—roughly 20 % higher than conventional CWs. Mechanistically, enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal in SCW primarily resulted from short-cut nitrification, increased carbon source availability promoting denitrification, sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification and sulfur related denitrifying dephosphatation. Overall, these findings propose sulfide addition as a viable approach for sustainable CW operation.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modular micro-vascular hydrogels with MSCs loading for localized scleroderma treatment","authors":"Rui Liu, Bin Kong, Junjie Lu, Dandan Wang, Yuanjin Zhao, Lingyun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166217","url":null,"abstract":"Localized scleroderma (LoS) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease affecting the skin and internal organs, and current medications cannot cure it. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show great promise in treating autoimmune diseases, but the successful integration of MSCs with host tissues remains a challenge due to the absence of a functional vascular system. Here, we propose a novel injectable modular micro-vascular MSCs hydrogel (MVM-Gel) for localized scleroderma treatment. The modular endothelialized microvessels were constructed using a microfluidic technology combined with selective photopolymerization. The MSCs hydrogels were achieved by simply dispersing the generated microvessels into MSCs loaded fibrinogen solution. We have demonstrated that the MVM-Gel were with good injectable properties. Besides, these encapsulated MSCs could promote endothelial cell migration and expansion and secrete relevant factors to inhibit inflammation and promote repair. Thus, transplantation of MVM-Gel can significantly reduce inflammation, alleviate collagen deposition, promote vascular tissue formation, and inhibit fibrosis and peripheral inflammation in LoS mice. We believe that our injectable MVM-Gel will provide a potential option for the clinical treatment of topical scleroderma.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Donor-receptor coordination mediated multiple antigens capture and transport for augmented cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Huan Liang, Qingqing Lu, Runyu Hu, Yixiao Zhang, Xing Rong, Guocan Yu, Jie Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.166158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166158","url":null,"abstract":"The activation of tumor antigen-specific immune responses is critical for the success of tumor immunotherapy and the advancement of antitumor therapies. However, the limited availability of antigens derived from immunogenic cell death significantly impedes antitumor immunity. To optimize the utilization of the resulting antigens and enhance the tumor-specific immune response, we herein present a strategy that captures antigens in situ within a polymeric depot, facilitated by donor-receptor coordination interactions. An amphiphilic cationic copolymer containing pendant phenylboronic acid (PP) as an electron acceptor unit was synthesized to facilitate various forces with multiple antigens, thereby generating nanovaccines in situ. As the most potent antigen are cell membrane, phenylboronic acid can specifically interact with sialylated epitopes overexpressed on the tumor cell membrane through the formation of donor-receptor coordination. For antigen proteins, the PP could bind with antigens by hydrophobic or electrostatic interaction, thereby facilitating their capture and delivery into the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activating tumor-specific T cells. This platform could be adapted for various antigens, including antigen protein, tumor lysate and tumor cell membrane, with electron-donating groups, providing a straightforward and robust strategy to enable nanovaccines with enhanced antigen capture capabilities, ultimately improving cancer immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}