Chemical Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Self-sustaining singlet oxygen Fenton-like catalysis for scalable water remediation","authors":"Fu-Qiao Yang, Chang-Wei Bai, Jing Wang, Xin-Jia Chen, Pi-Jun Duan, Zhi-Quan Zhang, Ying Shao, Meng Zhang, Fei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176863","url":null,"abstract":"Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) offers high selectivity for organic pollutant oxidation while providing potent bactericidal activity, yet constructing heterogeneous photoactivation systems that can produce ¹O₂ efficiently and cleanly remains challenging. Herein, we report a scalable salt-templated crystalline carbon nitride ¹O₂-dominated peroxymonosulfate photoactivation pathway for concurrent wastewater disinfection and contaminant removal. Relative to amorphous bulk carbon nitride, the crystalline type exhibits strengthened visible-light absorption and improved charge separation, achieving an apparent rate constant (<em>k</em>_obs) of 6.12 min⁻¹ M⁻¹ for pollutant removal, approximately 51.0-fold higher than the monomer. Mechanistic diagnostics show &gt;94% selectivity to ¹O₂, suppressing radical pathways and enabling targeted transformations. Integrated ecotoxicity assays and complementary computations indicate that ¹O₂-mediated degradation substantially lowers predicted ecological risk compared with non-selective oxidation. In a continuous-flow U-shaped reactor, such a constructed system sustains robust bacterial inactivation over 240 min of operation. Life-cycle assessment and energy metrics further support practical deployment, with encompassing energy efficiency (EE/O) reduced from 19.20 to 0.38 kWh L⁻¹. The system achieves high disinfection efficacy in real medical wastewater, establishing a generalizable strategy to couple selective ¹O₂ chemistry with heterogeneous oxidant photoactivation for sustainable water purification and disinfection.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial biodegradation of PFOS and PFPrA by Delftia acidovorans: Insights into microbial degradation pathways","authors":"Kamonwan Khanthong, Hanna Virpiranta, Zhongfei Ren, Ulrich Bergmann, Tiina Leiviskä","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176800","url":null,"abstract":"The extreme chemical stability of <em>per</em>- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has led to their widespread and persistent accumulation in the environment, where they resist biological degradation. Microbial degradation offers a promising route for breaking down these recalcitrant pollutants; however, removal mechanisms have rarely been comprehensively analysed. This study investigates the biodegradability and biodegradation pathways of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluoropropanoic acid (PFPrA), while distinguishing microbial adsorption from biodegradation. Microbial species were isolated from a firefighting training site (Joroinen, Finland) contaminated with PFAS. Short-term (4-day) biodegradation studies showed that <em>Delftia acidovorans</em> was the most promising microbial species. Long-term (60-day) aerobic experiments showed that PFOS (initially 100 μg/L) was removed by biodegradation (49%) and adsorption (4%), with defluorination confirmed by fluoride release. PFPrA was removed solely by biodegradation (28%, initial concentration 100 μg/L). The most abundant transformation products (TP) from PFOS had a molecular weight of 136.05 Da, probably formed via hydrolase enzymes for C<img alt=\"single bond\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>C cleavage and hydrolytic defluorination. Proteomic analysis revealed differential protein expression consistent with these proposed pathways, highlighting upregulated enzymes linked to hydrolytic defluorination and PFAS transformation. Only one TP (128.05 Da) was detected for PFPrA. These findings highlight the potential of <em>D. acidovorans</em> for PFAS biodegradation and provide insight into the microbial mechanism for breaking down these persistent pollutants.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore-scale lattice Boltzmann investigation on chemical adsorption for CO2 coupled with thermal transport in porous solid amines structurally optimized by an improved QSGS–CIPO algorithm","authors":"Huijin Xu, Yifan Yu, Qing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176836","url":null,"abstract":"Effective CO₂ capture and thermal management in porous adsorbents are crucial for advancing carbon capture and utilization technologies. However, the coupled mechanisms of adsorption, diffusion, and heat transfer in dense and irregular pore networks remain poorly understood. This study presents a pore-scale investigation of CO₂ adsorption and heat transport using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). Realistic porous media are reconstructed by combining a modified Quasi-Random Growth Algorithm (QSGS) with the newly developed Connectivity-Improved Pore Optimization (CIPO) approach, enabling the generation of dense structures with smooth surfaces and multi-path transport channels, while precisely identifying gas–solid interfaces for detailed analysis of particle-scale variations. By integrating the Langmuir adsorption model with adsorption-induced heat, the dynamic interplay between mass and energy transport is quantitatively captured, revealing how microstructural parameters govern diffusion, adsorption, and thermal feedback. Systematic simulations demonstrate that optimizing pore architecture via CIPO not only extends LBM applicability to two-dimensional dense porous systems but also significantly improves computational efficiency. Furthermore, enhanced connectivity and well-balanced pore distribution synergistically mitigate local heat accumulation while promoting CO₂ transport. This work provides fundamental insights into the structure–property–performance relationships of porous adsorbents and offers valuable guidance for the design and thermal management of advanced porous materials. The findings also highlight the versatility of LBM as a powerful framework for multi-physics simulations in complex reactive porous systems.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dendritic hierarchical porous photothermal composite hydrogels based on directional freezing for highly efficient uranium extraction","authors":"Xuanyu Li, Jianwei Bai, Junhang Wang, Yu Zhang, Zhi Zhang, Zhongqing Yang, Huijun Yan, Chunhong Zhang, Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176820","url":null,"abstract":"As the demand for clean energy increases, extracting uranium from seawater has emerged as a vital solution to address fuel shortages. Nevertheless, practical applications encounter various challenges, including the low presence of uranyl ions and the interference caused by competing ions. To address these issues, a photothermal composite hydrogel (PAO/PEI@M) featuring a dendritic hierarchical porous structure was synthesized through directional freezing, enabling efficient recovery and selective extraction of uranium from seawater. This hydrogel exhibits excellent hydrophilicity, swelling capacity, and thermal stability, meanwhile, the photothermal conversion properties of MXene significantly enhance the selective adsorption of uranium by PAO. Adsorption experiments show that after the uniform coating and light-induced heating of the hydrogel surface, its uranium adsorption capacity reaches 395.26 mg·g⁻¹ while maintaining high selectivity. After six cycles of adsorption and desorption, the PAO/PEI@M hydrogel maintains a high uranium adsorption capacity of 250.87 mg·g⁻¹. In simulated seawater, the PAO/PEI@M hydrogel demonstrates excellent uranium removal efficiency and selectivity. Overall, the PAO/PEI@M hydrogel show promising application prospects for the selective enrichment of uranium from seawater.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A photothermal catalytic system based on phase change energy storage COF gel composites for solar-driven water-H2O2-electricity co-production","authors":"Shuping Jia, Weixiong Dong, Hongrui Jiang, Hongmei Li, Zhiqing Lin, Jun He","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176822","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive consumption of fossil fuels has led to severe environmental and energy crises. It is urgent to develop efficient solar energy conversion technologies. Although the photothermal-photo-catalytic synergy system can achieve full-spectrum utilization, it still faces multiple limitations. These include low mass transfer efficiency, intermittent light exposure, and relatively simple functionality. To address these issues, the study designed and constructed a covalent organic framework material based on thiophene conjugated cyanide functional groups. Further, it was combined with cellulose gel and polyethylene glycol phase change material (PCM). Finally, an integrated, multifunctional bulk material, was successfully prepared. The system integrates photothermal conversion, phase change energy storage, photocatalysis, and thermoelectric power generation. Under a 1 kW·m⁻² light condition, the BPCEC-BCT shows impressive overall performance, with a water evaporation rate of 3.66 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ and a H₂O₂ production rate reaching 12.81 mM m⁻² h⁻¹. The system can also simultaneously output 20 mA of current and 0.24 V of voltage. This study provides an innovative material platform and system solution for the water-energy-chemical co-production.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of initial particle size and heating rate on gaseous products evolution of lignite pyrolysis at high temperature","authors":"Yaning Wu, Shu Tao, Zhongzheng Tong, Jincheng Ye, Zhiheng Wang, Yi Cui, Bin Yu, Yang Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176770","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrolysis is a key pathway for the clean and efficient utilization of lignite, which is important for achieving the dual carbon goals. However, under the naturally screened particle size system, the influence patterns of initial particle size and heating rate on the distribution of gaseous products from coal pyrolysis remain unclear. Therefore, this study systematically investigated the Effect of initial particle size and heating rate on gaseous products evolution of lignite pyrolysis under the naturally screened particle size system by comprehensively utilizing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis experiment on multiple lignite samples. The results revealed that the gas products yield exhibited a nonlinear variation pattern of increase-decrease-fluctuation-recovery within the initial particle size range of 0–13 mm, which were attributed to liptinite content, heat-mass transfer lag, thermal fragmentation, and heat-mass transfer lag, respectively. Meanwhile, the gas products yield showed a gradual decrease trend within the heating rate range of 40 °C/min as the heating rate increased due to reaction kinetics limitations and incomplete secondary reactions, with heat transfer effects contributing relatively less. This research gives new insights into the efficient pyrolysis of lignite from the perspectives of initial particle size and heating rate, and facilitates the study of the evolution mechanism of gaseous products during high-temperature pyrolysis.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"249 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen and methanol production via CO2-assisted pyrolysis of nonwoven polymer waste: Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment","authors":"Seyeong Lee, Jaeho Baek, Meng Qi, Hyungtae Cho, Jaewon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176758","url":null,"abstract":"Nonwoven polymer waste (NPW) from spent HEPA filters is expected to increase as indoor PM_2.5 exposure control becomes more prevalent, yet end-of-life management still relies largely on incineration with associated air-pollutant emissions. We evaluated CO₂-assisted pyrolysis of spent HEPA media as a chemical-recycling route that upgrades NPW to syngas while enabling CO₂ utilization. Compared with N₂-assisted pyrolysis, CO₂-assisted pyrolysis achieved a 6.5-fold higher CO yield, motivating three integrated process designs: waste-to‑hydrogen (WtH), waste-to-methanol with a multi-pressure pressure-swing adsorption (PSA) train (WtM_MPSA), and waste-to-methanol with a pre-reformer and a single PSA unit (WtM_SPSA). In all routes, pyrolysis syngas is conditioned and converted to H₂ or methanol; WtH supplements syngas via natural-gas steam methane reforming and produces H₂ through water–gas shift and PSA purification. For methanol, WtM_MPSA uses staged compression and two PSA blocks operated at different adsorption pressures to meet synthesis specifications, whereas WtM_SPSA mitigates CH₄ and C₂H₂ via pre-reforming and applies selective CO₂ removal in a single PSA, validated by dynamic adsorption simulation. Techno-economic analysis and life-cycle assessment were performed under grid and renewable electricity (wind, solar, hydropower) using levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and global warming potential (GWP) metrics. Sensitivity analyses quantified how electricity carbon intensity and avoided-burden credits influence net emissions and economics. Across electricity scenarios, WtM_SPSA achieved the lowest LCOE (0.327–0.504 USD/kWh) and, with renewable electricity and avoided-burden credits, the lowest GWP (−4.77 to −5.33 kg CO₂-eq.), indicating pathways to scale NPW valorization with competitive cost and climate performance.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct food wastewater compositions reshape microbial metabolic patterns as external carbon sources: Comprehensive insights from macroscopic efficiency to microscopic mechanisms","authors":"Tianle Huang, Zhengqing Yang, Zhi Zeng, Yuquan Tan, Chunling Wang, Shuai Li, Jie Liang, Zhiwei Li, Xiaodong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176795","url":null,"abstract":"Directly adding food wastewater (FW) as external carbon source in wastewater treatment plants holds great potential. However, current research lacks systematic investigation, particularly regarding the metabolic response mechanisms of activated sludge driven by its distinct components. Therefore, this study systematically investigated the effects of sugary wastewater (SW) and Milk wastewater (MW) against a sodium acetate control. While FW generally enhanced microbial diversity and metabolic activity (e.g., ABC transporters and nucleotide metabolism), performance outcomes diverged significantly based on composition. The SW system achieved a high nitrogen removal efficiency of 73.43%. Mechanistically, despite the suppression of typical denitrifiers (<em>Thauera</em>), the system demonstrated functional redundancy by enriching the saccharolytic denitrifier <em>Micropruina</em> (5.09%). Coupled with significantly upregulated glycoside hydrolases (GHs) and intensified glycolysis, denitrification was sustained despite TCA cycle and electron transport chain (ETC) inhibition. However, a low <em>nosZ/</em>(<em>nirK</em> + <em>nirS</em>) ratio led to N₂O accumulation. Conversely, MW performance was severely limited (40.54% efficiency). Its composition induced the proliferation of hydrolytic bacteria (e.g., <em>Polyangium</em>) and methanogens (e.g., <em>Methanothrix</em>), leading to increased anaerobic CH₄ emissions. This microbial shift competitively excluded <em>Thauera</em> (abundance dropped to 0.90%). Furthermore, denitrification genes (<em>narG</em> + <em>narZ</em>, <em>narH</em> + <em>narY</em> and <em>nirK</em>) were downregulated by 18.96%–42.54%, and key TCA/ETC enzyme genes decreased significantly by 22.98%–53.75%. Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) confirmed that substrate composition drives microbial succession and functional gene changes, ultimately determining nitrogen removal efficiency and greenhouse gases emission characteristics. The findings provide solid data and scientific references for the development of technical specifications for the resource utilization of FW and its engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Li+ solvation sheath and continuous transport pathways via weak-field ligand diluent for subzero lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Hao Huang, Jingang Zheng, Yiyang Zhao, Weichen Han, Hongyang Li, Lixiang Li, Hongwei Zhao, Han zhang, Baigang An, Chengguo Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176753","url":null,"abstract":"Highly fluorinated diluents are widely adopted to fine-tune the solvation structure of carbonate-based electrolytes. However, their intrinsic incapability to participate in the Li⁺ solvation sheath prevents establishing a continuous Li⁺ transport network and impedes Li⁺ rapid migration. Herein, we propose a weak-field ligand competition model to regulate the interaction between ethylene carbonate (EC) /ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) and Li-ions. By introducing the <em>ortho</em>-difluorobenzene (DFB) into the solvation sheath, we achieve the accelerated Li⁺ desolvation via DFB bidentate coordination participation in inner-sphere, and DFB also bridges adjacent solvation sheath to establish continuous ion-hopping pathways by acting as a solvation outer-sphere mediator. After applying the DFB in carbonate-based electrolyte (1 M LiPF₆ in EC/EMC/DFB, v/v/v = 3/7/10), the reconstruction of solvation sheath leads to a lower desolvation energy (2.43 eV) and higher Li⁺ transport rate (3.8 × 10⁻⁷ cm² s⁻¹) than those with non-coordinating diluent TTE (4.35 eV and 1.4 × 10⁻⁷ cm² s⁻¹). Li||NCM811 cells with DFB deliver an approximately 15% higher initial discharge capacity than cells with TTE, achieving 95.7% capacity retention after 500 cycles at −20 °C, and 1.8 Ah-class graphite||NCM811 pouch cells with DFB also deliver high discharge capacity of 1.41 Ah and maintain the 94.5% capacity retention after 200 cycles at −10 °C and 0.5C.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative understanding and rational engineering of Li plating process in lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Yifu Chen, Zhiming Yang, Haitao Zhu, Shuaiyi Yang, Zhigang Wang, Shiyu Zhang, Tianlun Huang, Penghui Tan, Mengyuan Zhou, Yun Zhang, Huamin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2026.176750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2026.176750","url":null,"abstract":"Metallic lithium plating on graphite anodes is a major cell degradation process and triggers the internal short circuit, resulting in the capacity loss and safety risks. However, understanding the interplay of Li plating and reaction uniformity is limited by the coupling of complex electrochemistry and diffusion processes in the electrode. In this study, a mesoscale heterogeneous model is developed to investigate the correlation between the reaction uniformity and Li plating mechanism. Compared with the well-known Li<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup> concentration gradient, reaction uniformity plays the most important role in the Li plating behavior. The results demonstrate that the spatial distribution of graphite electrodes evolves in a stage-dependent manner, which underlies an intrinsic self-regulation mechanism but breaks down under high C-rate conditions, ultimately leading to localized lithium plating. To address this, we propose a lithium-storage-layer electrode (LSLE) to regulate the reaction uniformity through migrating the exposed reaction surface and Li<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup> concentration gradient. The combination of simulations and experiments demonstrate that the LSLE benefits the reaction uniformity and suppresses Li plating, thereby improving the capacity retention by ~30% after 80 cycles at 2C. Overall, this work offers fundamental understanding of Li plating process and practical guidance for electrode design toward long-cycle and safe batteries.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147752797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}