Chemical Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"High current density alkaline water electrolysis enhanced by multi-site cooperative strategy","authors":"Jilong Xu, Haihua Luo, Zhongjie Lai, Zuohuan Chen, Yukun Xiong, Lijuan Zhu, Jiaxiang Lu, Jun Qi, Xiaoning Liu, Leijie Zhang, Yong Han, Hui Zhang, Yifan Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169782","url":null,"abstract":"A cost-effective and robust electrocatalyst that can operate at industrial-scale current densities is critical for producing green hydrogen through water splitting. We present a 2D RuCoFeO_x nanosheet structure, serving as an electrocatalyst for both water splitting and anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWEs) study. The composite material demonstrates outstanding electrochemical performance with acceleration in OER kinetics, enhancement in active surface area, reduced overpotentials, and excellent stability. Based multiple synchrotron radiation techniques and <em>in-situ</em> spectroscopes, we have revealed the electron coupling between Co/Fe and Ru through oxygen-bridge bonding and multi-site cooperative effect. The advanced mapping of resonant Auger spectroscopy (mRAS) effectively differentiates distinct orbital hybridization states, thereby confirming charge transfer between sites. <em>In-situ</em> attenuated total reflection surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRAS) and indicates that loaded Ru serve as additional adsorption sites, modulating adsorption of *OOH intermediates. In AEMWEs, the RuCoFeO_x showcases high activity, achieving 1 A cm⁻² at 1.76 V, and maintains stability at 1 A cm⁻² beyond 700 h. Our investigation offers an insight into the principles of multisite cooperative catalysis and propels the design of highly efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bionic design of multifunctional superhydrophobic fiber-based nonwoven fabric inspired by salvinia natans for efficient photothermal oil-water separation and micro plastic extraction on aero-engine filters","authors":"Xiangyu Han, Zuozhu Yin, Yingping Yang, Haitao Yang, Jilin Xu, Zhen Hong, Chan Xie, Yidan Luo, Mingshan Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169770","url":null,"abstract":"Existing aero-engine filters are susceptible to clogging by water, oil, microplastics and other contaminants under complex operating conditions, resulting in reduced filtration efficiency and shorter maintenance intervals. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a multifunctional superhydrophobic material that can efficiently separate oil and water and adsorb pollutants. Based on this, we prepared a multifunctional superhydrophobic nonwoven fabric made of ethylene-propylene side by side (ES) fiber, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Mg<img alt=\"single bond\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>Fe layered double hydroxide (Mg<img alt=\"single bond\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>Fe LDH). This multifunctional fiber-based nonwoven fabric imitates the rough structure of the surface of <em>salvinia natans</em> through bionic design, which shows excellent hydrophobic performance, and the water contact angle can be as high as 160 ± 2°. At an ambient temperature of 70 °C, the oil-water separation efficiency can reach 98.8 % by thermal radiation. The oil-water separation efficiency was 98 % when the material was irradiated by halogen lamps simulating infrared light, and 97 % at ambient temperature without any light. Compared with the modified polyurethane sponge widely used for oil-water separation, the super hydrophobic multi-functional non-woven fabric has three advantages. Firstly, modified polyurethane sponge only performs a single function: oil-water separation, while superhydrophobic multifunctional non-woven fabric can achieve synergistic effects of photothermal oil-water separation, organic pollutant degradation, and microplastic extraction. In addition, the mechanical and chemical stability of superhydrophobic multifunctional non-woven fabric is stronger, which means that it has greater potential for application in aircraft engines under harsh working conditions. Finally, the preparation of multifunctional non-woven fabrics is very simple and has the potential for large-scale production.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A facile and universal ligand exchange strategy enables sequential surface functionalization of quantum dots for high quality in vivo imaging","authors":"Xue-Hui Shi, Zhendong Zhu, Changlin Shen, Ya Li, Zhuang Qian, Yonghao Wu, Huifeng Chen, Qing-Qing Ye, Chaojie Hu, Yifan Song, Lei Wang, Zhimou Yang, Wenjie Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169650","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) had the potential to revolutionize biological imaging, but their applications were limited by the difficulties of obtaining biocompatible and high fluorescent-quality QDs due to the difficulty in manipulating surface properties. Here, we explored a facile and effective ligand exchange approach, which enabled sequential surface functionalization and phase transfer of QDs while maintaining QDs fluorescence intensity, size and morphology. Nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate (NOBF₄) was employed to substitute for the original organic ligands attached to the QDs surface, stabilizing the QDs in polar and hydrophilic media <em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-dimethylformamide for 60 days without aggregation or precipitation. This method was applicable to a wide range of QDs of different compositions, fluorescence emission wavelengths and sizes. The obtained hydrophilic QDs can subsequently be further functionalized with various capping molecules, which can endow the different surface functionalization of QDs according to the modified molecules employed. Among these, Ag₂Te QDs after NOBF₄ treatment could undergo sequential surface functionalization, which achieved high-quality in vivo fluorescent imaging. This work offered a versatile ligand exchange strategy for QDs surface functionalization and was a significant step toward controllably engineering the QDs surface properties.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mo-Si interfacial layer promoted PtMo active sites over ternary Pt-Mo/SiO2 catalyst for efficient water-gas shift reaction","authors":"Wenting Zhou, Yuhan Wang, Yongkang Huang, Xiaofeng Gao, Zixuan Ma, Ziyu Song, Lili Lin, Dong Su, Ding Ma, Siyu Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169793","url":null,"abstract":"Cubic structured α-phase molybdenum carbide supported metal catalysts (M/α-MoC) present excellent low-temperature activity in water gas shift reaction and exhibit significant potential for hydrogen processing and purification in fuel cell applications. However, the specific surface area of conventional bulk-phase Pt/α-MoC catalysts is relatively low. Meanwhile, the low mechanic strength of α-MoC also limits the molding of powder M/α-MoC for application. In this study, a novel Pt/α-MoC/SiO₂ ternary catalyst system was designed to integrate the advantages of Pt/α-MoC active sites and commercial SiO₂ support. Comprehensive characterization results confirmed that the galvanic replacement (GR) method could precisely position Pt on α-MoC and promote the formation of abundant Pt<img alt=\"single bond\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>Mo interface active sites in the supported ternary catalyst. Moreover, the formation of a stable Mo<img alt=\"single bond\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>Si interfacial layer between α-MoC and the SiO₂ support effectively disperses the Pt/α-MoC components while modifying their electronic properties. With the modification, the CO poisoning on the Pt/α-MoC active site is weaken and the water dissociation are boosted. Eventually, the Pt/α-MoC/SiO₂-GR catalyst exhibited superior catalytic performance, with an intrinsic activity of 9.9 mol_CO/mol_Pt/s at 523 K, which is 63 % higher than that of bulk Pt/α-MoC catalysts.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical exfoliation of poly(triazine imide)-coated graphene oxide for the in-situ synthesis of composite proton exchange membranes with enriched phosphoric acid channels","authors":"Qingting Liu, Ying Zhou, Bei Wang, Zhiwei Ling, Xudong Fu, Rong Zhang, Shengfei Hu, Gang Xiao, Xiao Li, Feng Zhao, Jun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169795","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole (PA-PBI) membranes suffer from phosphoric acid (PA) loss, insufficient proton conduction sites, and severe plasticization, limiting their application in fuel cells. This work synthesized poly(triazine imide) (PTI) and poly(heptazine imide) (PHI) via ionothermal polycondensation, followed by the preparation of PTI-coated exfoliated graphene oxide (PTI@EGO) and PHI-coated exfoliated graphene oxide (PHI@EGO) nanosheets using electrochemical exfoliation. Structural characterization and theoretical calculations revealed strong interfacial interactions between PTI/PHI and exfoliated graphene oxide (EGO), effectively preventing the aggregation of EGO nanosheets. Furthermore, PTI@EGO provides more PA binding sites compared to PHI@EGO. Consequently, PTI@EGO was incorporated into poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI) via in-situ polymerization to prepare PTI@EGO/ABPBI composite proton exchange membranes. The composite membranes exhibit exceptional mechanical strength, enhanced PA retention, and superior proton conductivity. Specifically, the ABPBI composite membrane containing 1 wt% PTI@EGO (1PTI@EGO/ABPBI) with a phosphoric acid doping level of 3.37 exhibited a tensile strength of 30 MPa, which is 1.5 times that of the pristine ABPBI membrane. The proton conductivity of the 1PTI@EGO/ABPBI membrane exceeded 0.01 S cm⁻¹ across a wide-temperature range (40–180 °C). At 180 °C/0 % relative humidity (RH), the conductivity reached 66 mS cm⁻¹, 2.44 times higher than that of pure ABPBI. The single-cell assembled with the 1PTI@EGO/ABPBI membrane delivered a peak power density of 0.522 W cm⁻² at 160 °C, nearly 2.51 times that of the pure ABPBI membrane. These results indicate that PTI@EGO constructs PA-enriched, efficient proton conduction pathways within the ABPBI membrane.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"2605 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrophobic sponge spicule-mediated transdermal vaccination combines controlled skin inflammation as self-adjuvant with dual immune activation","authors":"Yutong Zeng, Huichao Xie, Mengzhu Liu, Qixia Jiao, Hui Huang, Shuxian Fu, Bao Li, Yongfeng Chen, Chi Zhang, Pingtian Ding, Ming Chen, Keda Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169768","url":null,"abstract":"We developed hydrophobic sponge (<em>Haliclona</em> sp.) spicules (hSHS) through surface modification of natural spicules (SHS) with monolayers of hydrophobic functional groups (e.g., alkyl and phenyl moieties). Utilizing ovalbumin (OVA) as a model protein antigen, we fabricated a transdermal vaccine (OVA@hSHS) through hydrophobic adsorption of OVA onto hSHS. Upon topical application, OVA@hSHS effectively penetrated the skin via microneedle-like mechanical puncture, enabling direct intradermal antigen access. Subsequent exposure to the physiological milieu triggered sustained antigen release with progressive diffusion into deeper skin layers. The system exhibited immunoadjuvant activity mediated by physical microinjury (i.e., skin cell disruption), which stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and induced macrophage polarization toward the M1 phenotype. Within this inflammatory microenvironment, recruited antigen-presenting cells efficiently internalized and processed antigens, leading to enhanced maturation and antigen presentation. This ultimately elicited a robust and balanced immune response—combining potent humoral and cellular immunity with potential durable memory effects. Notably, the OVA@hSHS-induced skin inflammation was self-limiting, with skin tissue capable of autonomously restoring inflammatory homeostasis. In summary, hSHS offers a simple yet versatile platform for developing transdermal protein-based vaccines.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometric mismatch of chain lengths enhancing the electrocaloric effect in PVDF","authors":"Yibo Zhang, Shixian Zhang, Zhiwei Ye, Fukun Niu, Yuheng Fu, Hongmei Qin, Chuanxi Xiong, Quanling Yang, Qing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169794","url":null,"abstract":"Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a promising candidate for solid-state cooling due to its excellent dielectric properties, flexibility, and processability. However, achieving significant enhancement in its electrocaloric effect (ECE) remains a challenge. Here, a bimodal molecular weight distribution (MWD) system is constructed by blending PVDFs of high and low molecular weights, introducing geometric mismatches that promote defective crystalline regions and weaken dipole coupling. Multi-scale structural analysis using two-dimensional polarized infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction reveals the orientation and stacking behavior of the secondary crystals (SCs). The broadened MWD facilitates the formation of smaller and looser dipolar domains, significantly improving dipole reversibility. The optimized PVDF film achieves a maximum Δ<em>T</em>_ECE of 4.3 K and Δ<em>S</em>_ECE of 78 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹, representing ~330 % and ~ 360 % enhancements over the unimodal sample. This work underscores the critical significance of MWD-regulated SCs in enhancing electrocaloric performance, providing new insights into structural design strategies for solid-state cooling polymers.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145305973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A functional self-assembled layer with preferential sodium adsorption sites for ultra-stable sodium metal batteries","authors":"Moazzam Ali, Asif Mahmood, Muhammad Ali, Samia Aman, Hamid Hussain, Xuan Zhang, Yinzhu Jiang, Xufeng Lin, Muhammad Yousaf","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169729","url":null,"abstract":"Generating a resilient and stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is critical to enable dendrite-free sodium (Na) metal anodes; however, sustaining SEI stability at high current densities remains a significant obstacle. Here, an advanced ex-situ structural design composed of Na₂Se and nickel metal (Na₂Se/Ni) is proposed to achieve an interfacial regulating ionic flux system and obstruct dendrite growth. The highly sodiophilic Ni metal provides preferential sites for Na adsorption, preventing fracture and reducing volume expansion, while the Na₂Se component offers pathways to fast migration of Na⁺ through the artificial layer. The designed SEI layer exhibits high mechanical stability, significant ionic conductivity, low nucleation overpotential, and low activation energy, which facilitate the redistribution of Na⁺ flux and promote homogeneous Na deposition. Additionally, theoretical calculations suggest that the Na₂Se/Ni layer can reduce the kinetic barriers for rapid Na⁺ transport, resulting in decreased impedance. Consequently, the symmetric NS@Na cells demonstrate an extended cycle life (3600 h at 2 mA cm⁻²/1 mAh cm⁻², 3900 h at 1 mA cm⁻²/1 mAh cm⁻², and 750 h at 4 mA cm⁻²/1 mAh cm⁻²) with low voltage hysteresis. Furthermore, the full cell, coupled with a Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ (NVP) cathode, offers an exceptionally long lifespan (5000 cycles) at 5C with a capacity of &gt;90 mAh g⁻¹. This work paves the way for a new and promising approach to stabilizing sodium metal anodes with straightforward and cost-effective interfacial layers.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145305983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An electrically responsive hyper-reflective PSCLC with highly tunable transmittance for dynamic information encryption and advanced infrared anti-counterfeiting","authors":"Xi Chen, Yuzhen Zhao, Dongliang Yang, Yi Luan, Yinfu Lu, Dong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169726","url":null,"abstract":"Infrared-responsive anti-counterfeiting technologies remain underexplored, yet their inherent invisibility and compatibility with machine-based authentication make them highly attractive for next-generation high-security applications. Current infrared anti-counterfeiting strategies frequently suffer from fixed pattern formats, low encoding complexity, and a lack of dynamic tunability, limiting their suitability for advanced encryption scenarios. Here, a highly tunable-transmittance-range bilayer hyper-reflective polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal (PSCLC) film device that supports reconfigurable infrared pattern switching is reported. By tailoring the concentrations of the reactive mesogen RM257 and the tetra-thiol cross-linker pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) within a cholesteric host exhibiting infrared-selective reflection, precise voltage-controlled texture transitions have been achieved. Inserting a 1.9 μm polyethylene terephthalate interlayer yields a bilayer architecture with opposite helicities, enabling simultaneous reflection of left- and right-circularly polarized light and a peak reflectance of approximately 90 %. The device exhibits robust AC-driven switching behavior with a transmittance contrast of approximately 80 % between planar and homeotropic states. When integrated with laser-etched electrode designs, the device supports wavelength-selective infrared patterns that can be dynamically encoded and erased under a single operating wavelength, representing the first demonstration of actively switchable infrared information encryption and anti-counterfeiting in PSCLC systems to date.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyimide porous thermoelectric fibers based on sheath core structure: A new self-powered material for early fire warning and flame retardant protection","authors":"Xinbin Ji, Yulong Xiang, Jing Guo, Fucheng Guan, Da Bao, Qiang Yang, Zheng Li, Yihang Zhang, Xin Zhang, Jiahao He","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169714","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of early warning and thermal protection functions in fire-prone environments remains a significant challenge in the development of intelligent protective textile materials. In this study, a structural regulation strategy is proposed, leveraging the synergistic templating and stress-orientation effects of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and Ag₂Se nanorods to successfully construct a polyimide (PI)/pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile (panof)/CNT/Ag₂Se composite porous fiber (PPCAF) featuring a stable sheath–core architecture. The core, composed of a dense panof/CNT/Ag₂Se_(s) phase, offers thermal responsiveness and mechanical support. The shell comprises a porous PI matrix that buffers stress, insulates heat, and prevents Ag₂Se degradation and shedding, thereby enhancing thermal conversion and signal stability. This rational architecture enables the fiber to rapidly respond to fire-induced thermal stimuli, achieving a maximum thermoelectric voltage of 4.5 mV within 1.8 s via the Seebeck effect, ensuring stable self-powered fire warning. Concurrently, the fiber exhibits excellent passive protection, including high tensile strength (18.93 MPa), flame retardancy (LOI: 55.6 %), low thermal conductivity (0.0298 W/m·K), and superhydrophobicity (contact angle: 160.2°). These integrated properties contribute to slowing flame spread, minimizing heat transfer, and blocking moisture intrusion. This study provides both theoretical insights and practical guidelines for designing advanced self-powered intelligent textile materials with dual fire protection functionalities.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145305941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}