心理学最新文献

{"title":"Development and Initial Validation of the Positive and Negative Co-Rumination Scale.","authors":"Hongfei Yang, Chenzhi Huang, Carolyn Maccann, Yujin He, Haixia Jiang, Guoqing Yu","doi":"10.1177/00332941231186943","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941231186943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents two studies with data from 750 college students (58.67% females, <i>M</i>age = 20.79 years) and 1035 school students (52.1% girls, <i>M</i>age = 14.44 years) respectively, describing the development and initial validation of the Positive and Negative Co-Rumination Scale (PANCRS). The PANCRS consists of 32 items with 3 second-order factors: Positive Co-Rumination consisting of 3 first-order factors (i.e., Affirmation, Problem-Solving and Enhancing Friendship), Negative Co-Rumination consisting of 4 first-order factors (i.e., Worry About Evaluation, Inhibiting Happiness, Worry About Impact and Slack) and Frequency consisting of 2 first-order factors (i.e., Frequencies of Co-Rumination on Positive and Negative Events). Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the measure's 9 first-order and 3 second-order factors structure. Moreover, correlation analyses provided first evidence for the subscales' differential validity: (1) Positive Co-Rumination showed positive correlations with positive indicators of psychological adjustment (i.e., friendship quality and life satisfaction) and negative correlations with negative indicators of psychological adjustment (i.e., anxiety and depression); (2) Negative Co-Rumination showed non-significant or negative correlations with positive indicators of psychological adjustment and positive correlations with negative indicators of psychological adjustment; (3) Frequency showed positive correlations with both positive and negative indicators of psychological adjustment. In addition, all PANCRS scores showed satisfactory composite reliability (omegas) and temporal stability (test-retest). Overall the findings suggest that the PANCRS is a reliable and valid instrument to assess positive and negative aspects of Co-rumination.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"3042-3068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9742993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Favoring Inequalities and Mind-Reading: Social Dominance Orientation Relates to Poor Mentalizing.","authors":"Müge Ekerim-Akbulut, Bilge Selcuk","doi":"10.1177/00332941231173877","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941231173877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although studies have so far investigated social dominance orientation (SDO) in relation to its association with prejudice and discrimination toward outgroups, it is not known whether SDO's link with poor intergroup relations might be underlined by specific socio-cognitive factors such as reduced mind-reading motivation (MRM) and poor mind-reading performance. The present study tested whether endorsement of SDO is associated with decreased MRM and mind-reading accuracy toward both ingroup and outgroup targets. We randomly assigned one hundred and 20 Turkish university students (<i>M</i>_<i>age</i> = 22.02) into two target groups for mind-reading, Turkish ingroup (<i>N</i> = 60) and Syrian outgroup (<i>N</i> = 60), and asked them to infer minds of either ingroup or outgroup members depending on their target group. Participants also reported their level of MRM and SDO through questionnaires. When the target was a Turkish ingroup member, SDO negatively and directly predicted mind-reading, when the target was an outgroup member, however, higher SDO indirectly predicted lower mind-reading through reduced MRM. These results pointed that favoring intergroup hierarchies relates to poor understanding of others' mental states although the mechanism of the relation changes depending on the group membership of the target.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"2518-2529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9877029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Humor Advantage: Humorous Bragging Benefits Job Candidates and Entrepreneurs.","authors":"Jieun Pai, Eileen Y Chou, Nir Halevy","doi":"10.1177/01461672231214462","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231214462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From job candidates to entrepreneurs, people often face an inherent tension between the need to share personal accomplishments and the need to avoid appearing arrogant. We propose that humorbragging-incorporating self-enhancing humor into self-promoting communications-can signal warmth and competence simultaneously, leading to instrumental benefits. Four studies explored humorbragging as a potential solution to the self-promotion paradox. Study 1 demonstrated that a humorbragging (vs. self-promoting) resume attracted more hiring interest from recruiters. Study 2 showed that perceived warmth and competence mediate the positive effect of humorbragging on hiring intentions. Study 3 found that humorbragging entrepreneurs achieved greater success securing funding compared to entrepreneurs who used other kinds of humor. Finally, Studies 4a to 4c established that the positive effect of humorbragging on hiring intentions is unique to self-enhancing humor. Overall, the current research establishes the instrumental benefits of humorbragging and explains why and when it functions as an effective impression management strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1330-1344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138830923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Legislation is Associated With Regional Transgender Attitudes.","authors":"Eliane Roy, Eric Hehman, Jordan Axt","doi":"10.1177/01461672231218340","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01461672231218340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using a newly developed measure of implicit transgender attitudes, we investigate the association between state-level antitransgender policies and individual-level attitudes about transgender people among residents. In a large sample of U.S. participants (<i>N</i> = 211,133), we find that individuals living in states with more discriminatory policies against transgender people (e.g., not allowing changes to one's gender identity on official identity papers) exhibited more negative implicit and explicit transgender attitudes. This pattern held after controlling for participant race and gender, as well as when looking only at cisgender participants. These findings extend prior work concerning how intergroup biases relate to regional characteristics such as legislation and do so in a novel and consequential context. This research also informs ongoing work concerning the role of policy-making and social norms on the development and expression of intergroup prejudice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1361-1373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial Reactivity to Emotional Stimuli is Related to Empathic Concern, Empathic Distress, and Depressive Symptoms in Social Work Students.","authors":"Pierrich Plusquellec, Kaylee Smart, Vincent Denault","doi":"10.1177/00332941231181027","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00332941231181027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helping professionals are exposed daily to the emotional burden of their vulnerable clients and are at risk of unconscious emotional contagion that may lead to stress and emotional distress. Being aware of their own susceptibility to emotional contagion, however, can improve their well-being. This study aimed to propose an objective measure of emotional contagion, complementary to the Emotional Contagion Scale, and to evaluate its construct and predictive validity. To do so, we turned to FACET, an automatic facial coding software using the Facial Action Coding System, to measure participants' facial expressions as they watched movie clips eliciting specific emotional responses. Results show that both tools to measure emotional contagion (objective and self-reported) are complementary, but they do not measure the same psychosocial constructs. Also, the new objective measure of emotional contagion seems to predict emotional empathy and the risk of developing depressive symptoms among this study's participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":21149,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Reports","volume":" ","pages":"2304-2335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9737643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish Translation and Psychometric Properties of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2 in 0-24 Months Turkish At-Risk Infants.","authors":"Bircan Yucekaya, Nilay Comuk Balci, Seda Nur Kemer, Hasan Gercek, Bayram Sonmez Unuvar, Mert Demirsoz","doi":"10.1177/00315125251322543","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251322543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was designed to investigate the construct-concurrent validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2 (PDMS-2) in at-risk infants between 0-24 age in Turkey. In this study, 120 infants (70 males, 50 females) participated in the study (mean corrected age 20.18 ± 22.535 weeks). The PDMS-2 scale consists of two subdimensions, the Fine Motor Quotient (FMQ) and the Gross Motor Quotient (GMQ). Whereas the construct validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, concurrent validity was investigated using the correlation between PDMS-2 and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale and the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination with Spearman's correlation analysis. The PDMS-2 was applied twice for test-retest reliability. Cronbach's alpha (α) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used for reliability. ICC value was with 95% CI. The overall reliability coefficient of the test was found to be Croncbach's α = 0.865. TICC values were found (ICC FMQ: 0.998, ICC GMQ: 0.998). Construct validity (<math><mrow><msup><mi>χ</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>/SD = 4.396; root mean square error of approximation = 0.021; goodness-of-fit index = 0.951) and concurrent validity (<i>r</i> = 0.502-0.771; <i>p</i> < .05) were confirmed as acceptable. The PDMS-2 demonstrated good psychometric properties and can be used as a reliable and valid measure to assess neurodevelopmental aspects of Turkish at-risk infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"603-622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobehavioral manifestations in female rats after intermittent exposure to an anticancer agent, paclitaxel.","authors":"Deepika Pathak, K P Singh","doi":"10.1097/FBP.0000000000000833","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FBP.0000000000000833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paclitaxel (PTX), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, causes both peripheral and central neurotoxicity, leading to significant behavioral impairments. However, inadequate literature is available on PTX-induced neurobehavioral sequelae associated with anxiety, depression, and cognition in adults during and after chemotherapy. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate neurobehavioral impairments in adult female rats following PTX exposure, with a specific focus on anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive functions such as learning and memory. In this study, we used adult female Wistar rats aged 10-12 weeks (average weight: 180 ± 5 g) and administered clinically relevant therapeutic doses of PTX (1.6 and 3.2 mg/kg body weight) intravenously once weekly for 6 weeks, simulating the clinical chemotherapy regimen. Neurobehavioral assessments were conducted after the first and sixth doses of PTX using validated mazes, including the photoactometer, open-field maze, elevated plus-maze (EPM; for anxiety-like behaviors), and the step-down latency test (SDL; for cognitive performance). Neurobehavioral patterns were recorded using autotracking software (ANY-maze, Stoelting Co., Wood Dale, Illinois, USA). Our findings revealed substantially reduced locomotor activity in the photoactometer, increased anxiety-like behaviors with amplified fear emotionality in the open-field and EPM tests, and memory impairment in the SDL test. These results suggest that the manifestation of anxiogenic and cognitive behavioral changes is associated with the administration of a higher dose (3.2 mg/kg) of PTX. In conclusion, our study indicates that PTX causes significant neurobehavioral impairments in rats after exposure to equivalent therapeutic doses of PTX.</p>","PeriodicalId":8832,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"276-289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of serotonin 5HT 2C receptors in the discriminative stimulus properties of lorcaserin in male C57BL/6 mice.","authors":"Fan Zhang, Katherine L Nicholson, Keith L Shelton, Todd M Hillhouse, Herbert Y Meltzer, Joseph H Porter","doi":"10.1097/FBP.0000000000000834","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FBP.0000000000000834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT 2C ) has been investigated as a potential therapeutic target for a variety of psychiatric disorders, as well as the treatment of obesity. A stumbling block in the development of these medications is identifying agonists with selectivity for 5-HT 2C over 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 2B . Lorcaserin (Belviq) is a serotonin 5-HT 2C agonist that was previously marketed as a weight-loss medication but was voluntarily withdrawn from the market because of a small, but an increased risk of serious side effects. The present study examined the discriminative stimulus properties of 2.0 mg/kg lorcaserin in a two-lever drug discrimination assay in male C57BL/6 mice using a fixed ratio 12 reinforcement schedule. A generalization curve with lorcaserin yielded an effective dose 50 (ED 50 ) = 0.56 mg/kg for substitution for the training dose. Lorcaserin produced a rapid onset, but short-acting (~60 min), discriminative stimulus, as full generalization was found as early as 15 min after drug administration. The 5-HT 2C agonist meta-chlorophenylpiperazine fully substituted for lorcaserin with an ED 50  = 0.31 mg/kg, and the 5-HT 2C antagonist SB 242084 significantly blocked lorcaserin-lever responding (maximal effect at 0.25 mg/kg dose). Conversely, the 5-HT 1A agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin did not substitute for lorcaserin. Thus, lorcaserin's discriminative stimulus appears to be mediated by agonist activity at 5HT 2C receptors in C57BL/6 mice. These results demonstrated that lorcaserin drug discrimination can be trained in C57BL/6 mice and that it is a useful in-vivo assay for the future development of psychotherapeutic drugs for psychiatric disorders with selective 5-HT 2C agonist activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8832,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"337-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabidiol and cognition: a literature review of human randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Jyotpal Singh, Chase J Ellingson, M Abdullah Shafiq, Jane Alcorn, J Patrick Neary","doi":"10.1097/FBP.0000000000000837","DOIUrl":"10.1097/FBP.0000000000000837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid without intoxicating properties. While CBD can improve neurophysiological functions and subjective symptoms, its effect on cognitive function remains unclear. We summarized the available randomized controlled trials investigating CBD administration and cognitive function. A review of the literature was conducted using the following keywords on PubMed/Medline: (cannabis OR cannabidiol OR cannabinoid OR CBD OR Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol OR tetrahydrocannabinol) AND (neurology OR brain OR psychiatric OR neuroscience OR psychology OR cognition) AND (human) AND (randomized controlled trial OR RCT). The search yielded 1038 articles with 36 total included for this literature review. The articles included healthy participants, neurological disease, psychiatric disease, psychosis, paranoia, schizophrenia, and drug-use disorders. Studies with healthy participants included a variety of dosing strategies, suggesting an effect on cognitive function and sleep quality. In Parkinson's disease, 75-300 mg CBD resulted in mild improvements in daily life activities. Decreases in subjective anxiety were found in patients with psychiatric disease using CBD doses ranging from 300 to 400 mg. In patients with psychosis and paranoia, 600 mg CBD showed inconsistent results in cognitive function. In patients with schizophrenia, up to 1000 mg CBD per day had minimal effects on cognition. Finally, up to 800 mg CBD had minimal effects on cognitive function in patients with substance use disorders. The findings are limited by utilization of acute dosing, variations in CBD dose, and different routes of administration. Standardized dosing and CBD formulations are needed to assess its efficacy for improving cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":8832,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"203-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering Automation Transparency: Do the Benefits of Transparency Differ Based on Whether Decision Recommendations Are Provided?","authors":"Isabella Gegoff, Monica Tatasciore, Vanessa K Bowden, Shayne Loft","doi":"10.1177/00187208251318465","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208251318465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo better understand automation transparency, we experimentally isolated the effects of additional information and decision recommendations on decision accuracy, decision time, perceived workload, trust, and system usability.BackgroundThe benefits of automation transparency are well documented. Previously, however, transparency (in the form of additional information) has been coupled with the provision of decision recommendations, potentially decreasing decision-maker agency and promoting automation bias. It may instead be more beneficial to provide additional information without decision recommendations to inform operators' unaided decision making.MethodsParticipants selected the optimal uninhabited vehicle (UV) to complete missions. Additional display information and decision recommendations were provided but were not always accurate. The level of additional information (no, medium, high) was manipulated between-subjects, and the provision of recommendations (absent, present) within-subjects.ResultsWhen decision recommendations were provided, participants made more accurate and faster decisions, and rated the UV system as more usable. However, recommendation provision reduced participants' ability to discriminate UV system information accuracy. Increased additional information led to faster decisions, lower perceived workload, and higher trust and usability ratings but only significantly improved decision (UV selection) accuracy when recommendations were provided.ConclusionIndividuals scrutinized additional information more when not provided decision recommendations, potentially indicating a higher expected value of processing that information. However, additional information only improved performance when accompanied by recommendations to support decisions.ApplicationIt is critical to understand the potential differential impact of, and interaction between, additional display information and decision recommendations to design effective transparent automated systems in the modern workplace.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"776-794"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}