{"title":"Unusual Presentation of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in a Young Woman with Xeroderma Pigmentosum: A Case Report.","authors":"Bashaer Alsaati, Reem Ujaimi, Noura Trabulsi, Atlal Abusanad","doi":"10.1159/000552862","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive DNA repair disorder, resulting from defects in nucleotide excision repair, that predisposes affected individuals to multiple cancers, particularly skin malignancies. Internal tumors including breast cancer are uncommon. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype that presents unique therapeutic challenges, particularly in XP patients where radiotherapy is contraindicated.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 34-year-old woman with XP who presented with a 6-cm right breast mass. Histopathology revealed grade III invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST) ER-negative, PR low positivity (1-2% of cells), HER2-negative (score 0), Ki-67 >80%. BRCA1/2 testing was negative. She underwent four cycles of neoadjuvant doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide with limited response, followed by modified radical mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. Pathology confirmed residual 60 mm tumor with negative surgical margins and fifteen negative lymph nodes. Pathological stage: pT3pN0M0 (AJCC 8th edition). She subsequently received adjuvant paclitaxel plus carboplatin. Radiotherapy was omitted due to XP-related radiosensitivity. At 12 months, the patient remained disease-free.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TNBC in XP is exceedingly rare and presents complex management challenges. Platinum-based chemotherapy is biologically rational given the underlying NER defect and may be particularly effective given underlying DNA repair defects, while radiotherapy avoidance necessitates surgical prioritization and PARP inhibitors may represent promising future strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1283-1288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13498319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Chih-Chieh Chang, Elizabeth Hale, Julia Foldi
{"title":"Abemaciclib-Associated Psychosis: A Case Report of a Rare Neuropsychiatric Adverse Effect during Breast Cancer Treatment.","authors":"Alexander Chih-Chieh Chang, Elizabeth Hale, Julia Foldi","doi":"10.1159/000553560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Abemaciclib is a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor widely used in combination with endocrine therapy for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced and early breast cancer. While generally well-tolerated, neuropsychiatric adverse effects are uncommon but may be clinically significant.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 72-year-old Caucasian female with stage I endometrial cancer and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who developed severe psychotic symptoms approximately 2 weeks after initiating abemaciclib, as part of her adjuvant breast cancer treatment. Her prior treatment had included adjuvant carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy with brachytherapy, and her endocrine therapy was switched from anastrozole to letrozole at the time abemaciclib was added. Despite having a history of anxiety and obsessive-compulsive tendencies, she had no prior psychotic episodes. Her symptoms ultimately required two emergency department visits and a 9-day psychiatric hospitalization. Treatment with mirtazapine, olanzapine, and clonazepam resulted in the complete resolution of psychotic symptoms, and abemaciclib was permanently discontinued. After approximately 9 months, she was able to discontinue psychiatric medications without relapse of her psychotic symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare but serious neuropsychiatric adverse effects of abemaciclib and emphasizes the need for careful monitoring and multidisciplinary management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1231-1238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13480978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Germline HOXB13 G84E Variant in a Patient with Gastric and Prostate Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Anne-Murielle Hollinger, Saskia Schlootz, Manuela Poretti, Lorenz Frehner, Till Lerch, Muriel Fluri, Saskia Hussung, Javier Sanz, Maurus Locher, Christiane Zweier, Dilara Akhoundova","doi":"10.1159/000553312","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>HOXB13</i> is an established prostate cancer susceptibility gene, with germline variants conferring a three- to fivefold increased risk of prostate cancer, frequently with earlier-onset disease. While previous studies have suggested a potential association with colorectal cancer, evidence regarding predisposition to other malignancies than prostate cancer has been inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a case of a 50-year-old male patient with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma who was later diagnosed with prostate cancer. Patient's family history was notable for several malignancies, including endometrial carcinoma, thyroid cancer, and breast cancer on the same side of the family. Germline testing was negative for gastric cancer susceptibility genes but identified a germline HOXB13 G84E mutation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a patient with a germline <i>HOXB13</i> variant diagnosed with both gastric and prostate cancer. Moreover, our work highlights the relevance of germline testing in patients with prostate cancer qualifying for genetic counseling.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1177-1185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New-Onset Raynaud Phenomenon during Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b Therapy for Polycythemia Vera: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Migle Gasiene, Sara C Meyer, Alicia Rovó","doi":"10.1159/000553313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is increasingly used as a disease-modifying cytoreductive therapy for polycythemia vera (PV), achieving durable hematologic control and molecular responses. Raynaud phenomenon may occur in myeloproliferative neoplasms and is listed as an uncommon adverse reaction to ropeginterferon alfa-2b. However, detailed published reports of Raynaud phenomenon occurring during ropeginterferon alfa-2b therapy remain scarce.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A patient with JAK2 V617F-positive PV initiated ropeginterferon alfa-2b due to inadequate hematocrit and platelet control. Blood counts normalized and the JAK2 V617F variant allele burden declined. During therapy, the patient developed cold-triggered, sharply demarcated digital pallor followed by painful cyanosis which resolved with rewarming, consistent with Raynaud phenomenon. Autoimmune and vascular evaluations were unremarkable, and the Raynaud phenomenon was considered treatment related.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>New-onset Raynaud phenomenon during ropeginterferon alfa-2b therapy may represent a rare treatment-related vascular adverse effect. With the growing use of interferon-based therapies, clinicians should routinely monitor for vasospastic symptoms and carefully distinguish these from disease-related microvascular manifestations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1220-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13476065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mutahir A Tunio, Wael Mohamed, Callum Denore, Abdur Rehman, Tim Murigu, Delia Pudney
{"title":"Penile Metastasis as a First Manifestation of Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Case Report and Review of Management Challenges.","authors":"Mutahir A Tunio, Wael Mohamed, Callum Denore, Abdur Rehman, Tim Murigu, Delia Pudney","doi":"10.1159/000553015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Penis is a rare site of metastasis of prostate cancer, with an incidence of 0.3%. Penile metastasis is often detected incidentally via imaging modalities. Symptomatic cases may present with penile nodules, deformity, or urinary symptoms, and a biopsy is required for confirmation. Treatment varies based on disease extent and patient condition, ranging from tumour-directed approaches (penectomy, radiotherapy) to systemic therapies.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 69-year-old man with high-risk nonmetastatic prostate cancer (T3bN0M0) underwent pelvic radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy. Five months later, he presented with urinary difficulty and penile pain. Imaging revealed multiple nodules within corpora cavernosa, along with lung lesions suggesting metastatic disease. A biopsy confirmed penile metastasis from prostate adenocarcinoma (Gleason score 9). Following a multidisciplinary team discussion, penectomy was ruled out, and the patient underwent palliative radiotherapy (RT), 20 Gy in 5 fractions, followed by systemic chemotherapy with docetaxel and carboplatin. Despite four cycles of chemotherapy, the disease progressed into the lungs, and the patient's performance status declined. The patient was transitioned to palliative care and passed away 12 months after the diagnosis of penile metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Penile metastasis from prostate cancer is rare but an aggressive entity with a median survival ranging from 6 to 18 months. Penile metastasis shall be in the differentials when patients present with priapism, penile pain, and urinary difficulty. Tumour-directed approaches, including surgery and RT, could be curative. Emerging therapies such as stereotactic body radiotherapy and PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy may improve outcomes for this rare and aggressive manifestation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1203-1209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Primary Unknown Squamous Cell Carcinoma with the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Fusion Gene That Was Effectively Treated with Alectinib: A Case Report.","authors":"Keita Kawakado, Kentaro Tokumo, Tasuku Kato, Hirotoki Tsuda, Tomohiro Fujita, Yukihiro Ikuta, Takashi Yanagawa","doi":"10.1159/000552510","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (<i>ALK</i>) fusion gene is expressed in 3%-5% patients with non-small cell lung cancer; targeting this gene with molecular targeted therapy results in a positive long-term prognosis. However, the <i>ALK</i> fusion gene expression rate is only 0.8% when restricted to pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 61-year-old non-smoking woman had undergone partial resection of the right lower lobe for lung adenocarcinoma 5 years previously, and <i>ALK</i> fusion gene positivity was confirmed at that time. Computed tomography (CT) revealed subcarinal lymph node enlargement. Subsequent positron emission tomography-CT imaging showed high uptake at this site and in the hepatic hilar lymph nodes. Subcarinal and hilar lymph node biopsies resulted in a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary was diagnosed because only metastatic lymph nodes were identified without a detectable primary lesion. Furthermore, the clinical presentation was considered inconsistent with metastatic recurrence, given the distinct histopathological difference from the initial surgical specimen and long disease-free interval. Treatment with carboplatin and paclitaxel was initiated. Although initial tumor reduction was achieved, the lesion subsequently progressed. After next-generation sequencing revealed <i>ALK</i> fusion gene positivity, the introduction of alectinib was effective.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alectinib is effective against <i>ALK</i> fusion gene-positive squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"904-910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13345618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148410570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ajay Raveendranadh, Vijay Kumar, Santosh Prabhu, Sundeep P, Vishwapriya M Godkhindi, Swathi C Prabhu
{"title":"Neonatal Intra-Abdominal Mixed Germ Cell Tumour with Retroperitoneal Extension Mimicking Hepatoblastoma: A Diagnostic Challenge - A Case Report.","authors":"Ajay Raveendranadh, Vijay Kumar, Santosh Prabhu, Sundeep P, Vishwapriya M Godkhindi, Swathi C Prabhu","doi":"10.1159/000553369","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neonatal germ cell tumours (GCTs) are rare, and intra-abdominal mixed GCTs are even less common. Although most solid tumours in neonates are benign, malignant cases occur at an estimated rate of 1 in 27,500 live births, accounting for about 2% of all childhood cancers. Differentiating benign from malignant neonatal neoplasms is a significant diagnostic challenge due to overlapping clinical and radiological features. We report one of the few documented cases of an intra-abdominal mixed GCT in an Indian neonate, highlighting the importance of early recognition and a multidisciplinary management approach.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 2-month-old male infant presented with progressive abdominal distension and constipation since the 15th day of life. Abdominal examination revealed a firm, non-mobile, irregular mass measuring 10 × 8 cm in the upper abdomen. Imaging studies identified a large intra-abdominal mass with retroperitoneal extension initially suspected to represent hepatoblastoma. Intraoperative findings revealed a 12 × 10 cm tumour adherent to the left lobe of the liver and extending into the retroperitoneum. Histopathological examination confirmed a malignant mixed GCT comprising yolk sac and teratomatous elements. The patient underwent left lateral segmentectomy followed by adjuvant bleomycin, carboplatin, and etoposide chemotherapy. He remains disease free at 3-year follow-up, with normalised serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels and no evidence of recurrence on magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case illustrates the diagnostic complexity and surgical challenges inherent to neonatal intra-abdominal mixed GCTs with retroperitoneal extensions. The atypical location and initial radiological misdiagnosis highlight the necessity of comprehensive tumour marker evaluation, advanced imaging, and multidisciplinary collaboration for accurate diagnosis and optimal management. Early recognition, multidisciplinary evaluation, and timely intervention facilitated successful management in the present case. However, longer follow-up and additional reports are required to characterise outcomes in this rare neonatal tumour better.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1167-1176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Júlia S L Franco, Gabriela Franco Katz, Ricardo Dahmer Tiecher, Marcello Moro Queiroz, Marina Henkin Behar, Pedro Henrique Benfatti Gomes, João Victor Machado Alessi, Artur Katz
{"title":"Control of Intraocular Metastases of <i>ALK</i>-Rearranged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Sequential Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Report of 2 Cases and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Júlia S L Franco, Gabriela Franco Katz, Ricardo Dahmer Tiecher, Marcello Moro Queiroz, Marina Henkin Behar, Pedro Henrique Benfatti Gomes, João Victor Machado Alessi, Artur Katz","doi":"10.1159/000552400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for 2-7% of all lung cancer cases, may exhibit atypical metastatic patterns, including ocular involvement. Although rare, intraocular metastases can severely impact a patient's quality of life. While traditional treatments have primarily focused on local therapies, ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have emerged as a promising systemic alternative. A review of the literature supports the efficacy of ALK TKIs in managing intraocular metastases of ALK-rearranged NSCLC, with outcomes paralleling those observed systemically. In this report, we present two unique cases illustrating that intraocular metastasis, like systemic lesions, can respond to second and third-generation ALK TKIs even after developing resistance to first- and second-generation agents. This not only affirms the efficacy of ALK TKIs in managing intraocular metastasis, but also represents a potential strategy to improve long-term control of these metastases while postponing the need for local therapies. Overall, integrating systemic ALK TKI therapy with ophthalmological care can help preserve vision and improve the quality of life of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1210-1219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13476062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148758528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evidence of Efficacy for Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy in a Rare Subgroup: Two Cases of Pathological Complete Response in Locally Advanced HER2-Mutant NSCLC.","authors":"Haizhou Yue, Dongliang Bian, Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1159/000552788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) has been recommended as the standard regimen for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without actionable genomic alterations. However, the efficacy of nICT for patients harboring human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) mutation remains uncertain. Here, we report two cases with locally advanced HER2-mutant NSCLC who received nICT followed by radical surgery.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This study reports 2 cases of patients with resectable HER2-mutant NSCLC in stage III. Both patients were 67-year-old males who received nICT followed by radical surgery. Postoperative pathological evaluation confirmed pathological complete response in both patients. As of the last follow-up in June 30, 2025, neither patient had evidence of disease recurrence, with disease-free survival exceeding 36 months in both cases, demonstrating favorable therapeutic response and sustained outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>nICT for locally advanced NSCLC harboring HER2 mutations demonstrated promising efficacy and safety. These cases may be suggestive of the wider applicability of nICT in the perioperative management of this molecularly defined NSCLC subset.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1196-1202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ethan Roman Leoni, Victor Lin, Caroline Bonaventure, Sagar Kansara
{"title":"Complete Response to Pembrolizumab in Radiation-Induced Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma of the Face: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Ethan Roman Leoni, Victor Lin, Caroline Bonaventure, Sagar Kansara","doi":"10.1159/000552848","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) as a secondary malignancy following adjuvant radiation therapy is rare and typically associated with poor prognosis. PD-1 inhibition has been previously investigated as a possible treatment in this space.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This case presents a 91-year-old male with UPS of the right parotid region, presumed secondary to radiation therapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was treated with pembrolizumab immunotherapy and a complete clinical response was achieved, with significant improvement noted on restaging scans. Treatment was well-tolerated despite advanced age and multiple comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case demonstrates the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor therapy in radiation-induced UPS and supports emerging evidence for immunotherapy as a viable treatment option in advanced or unresectable sarcomas, particularly with patients who cannot undergo surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9625,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1130-1137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}