Case Reports in Dermatology最新文献

{"title":"Atypical Bilateral Hyperpigmented Macules on the Lower Legs Possibly due to Cyclophosphamide.","authors":"Jun Yamamoto, Taku Fujimura, Yoshihide Asano","doi":"10.1159/000543124","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chemotherapeutic agents occasionally induce various cutaneous adverse events, but hyperpigmentation due to cyclophosphamide is extremely rare.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A case of atypical bilateral hyperpigmented macules on the lower legs possibly due to cyclophosphamide was presented. A physical examination on his initial visit revealed xerotic skin exhibiting brownish discoloration with black scales on both lower legs. In addition, diffuse pigmented macules were distributed on the nail beds and tongues. Dermoscopic findings revealed brownish unstructured areas and black dots consistent with follicles. A biopsy specimen from his lower leg showed an increased melanin in the basal and stratum corneum. We diagnosed him as having bilateral hyperpigmented macules on the lower legs possibly due to cyclophosphamide.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the mechanism of hyperpigmentation caused by cyclophosphamide is still unknown, our present case suggests that cutaneous hyperpigmentation is likely due to direct stimulation of hair follicles by cyclophosphamide.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"14-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Hereditary Leukonychia with Intramatricial Triamcinolone: A Case Report.","authors":"Eden Axler, Shari R Lipner","doi":"10.1159/000543032","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hereditary leukonychia is a rare genetic nail disorder characterized by whitening of the nail plate, which is sometimes due to mutations in the <i>phospholipase C delta-1</i> (<i>PLCδ1</i>) gene. While leukonychia is typically asymptomatic, it carries significant psychosocial burden, and patients often report that others comment that they look like they are wearing nail polish. There are no known treatment options.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 39-year-old Kuwaiti male with autosomal recessive variant of PLCδ1-related non-syndromic leukonychia affecting nine fingernails presented for treatment because he was socially stigmatized. Treatment with 30% glycolic acid chemical peel was ineffective. Because there is evidence suggesting a link between PLCδ1-related hereditary leukonychia and abnormal keratinization, we hypothesized that injection of steroids into the nail matrix, which could inhibit keratinocyte activity and reduce nail matrix inflammation, may be an effective treatment. Following treatment with intramatricial triamcinolone, the patient experienced complete resolution of leukonychia in five fingernails and partial improvement in the remaining four.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We present a case of successful treatment of hereditary leukonychia due to a phospholipase C δ-1 gene mutation with intramatricial triamcinolone. This case highlights the potential of this treatment approach for leukonychia and warrants further investigation in larger cohort studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"33-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Chronic-Relapsing Pitted Keratolysis with Glycopyrronium Bromide Cream: Case Report.","authors":"Stefano Veraldi, Rossana Schianchi, Italo Francesco Aromolo, Gianluca Nazzaro","doi":"10.1159/000542484","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pitted keratolysis (PK) is a superficial bacterial infection located almost exclusively on the soles. The most important predisposing factor is hyperhidrosis. PK is characterized by small, isolated or confluent, crateriform, noninflammatory pits. Maceration and malodor are the two most important signs and symptoms. The therapy of PK is very often unsatisfactory.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Two patients with chronic-relapsing PK were successfully treated with a cream containing 1% glycopyrronium bromide, a new topical anticholinergic with anti-hyperhidrosis action.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although our experience is currently based on only 2 patients, glycopyrronium bromide cream can be taken into consideration for prevention of chronic-relapsing PK.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"9-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11666262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecthyma Gangrenosum of Fungal Origin: A Case Report.","authors":"Germán Andrés León-Sánchez, Heiler Lozada-Ramos, Jorge Enrique Daza-Arana, Andrés Darío Restrepo-Becerra, Ruben Varela-Miranda","doi":"10.1159/000542105","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is usually a dermatologic manifestation of a <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infection in an immunocompromised individual but may sometimes be caused by other bacteria or fungi in an immunocompromised or non-immunocompromised individual.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 75-year-old woman with a history of high blood pressure and sequels of ischemic cerebral infarction presented with a 5-day history of general malaise, cough with yellow sputum, and respiratory distress. The patient had pale mucous membranes, temperature of 38.5°C, tachycardia, normal blood pressure, SaO₂ of 85%, intercostal retractions, and severe bronchospasm upon hospital admission. No skin lesions were seen. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) because of her critical condition and was supported with invasive mechanical ventilation. Her blood count showed 8,100 leukocytes/mm³, neutrophils 79%, hemoglobin 10.1 g/dL, creatinine 1.1 mg/dL, and C-reactive protein 328 mg/dL. Arterial blood gases showed metabolic acidosis and moderate hypoxemia. The initial report of blood and urine cultures was negative for bacteria, and positive for influenza A H1N1. The patient was treated with oseltamivir and intravenous methylprednisolone for acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with the viral infection that occurred. Subsequently, violaceus macular and papular lesions appeared, which evolved into ulcerated lesions with erythematous border and necrotic center were seen in the anterior region of the chest and abdomen, from where <i>Candida metapsilosis</i> was isolated. EG was reported in this patient, who was also immunocompromised because of steroid use, had a prolonged stay in the ICU and received broad-spectrum antibiotics. Fungemia and urinary infection due to different fungi were also found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is worth mentioning that EG can be caused by germs other than <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and fungal infections should not be ruled out.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"240-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11584198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Aleukemic Leukemia Cutis with Testicular Involvement: A Case Report.","authors":"Sophie Bailleux, Sandrine Cao, Bita Dezfoulian, Patrick Collins, Joan Somja, Sophie Gatineau, Julie Longton, Arjen F Nikkels","doi":"10.1159/000542377","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aleukemic leukemia cutis (ALC) is a rare condition and concerns less than 10% of leukemia cutis (LC) cases. LC is defined as a cutaneous infiltration of neoplastic myeloid or lymphoid blasts, which occurs in the absence of any prior bone marrow or peripheral blood involvement.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A pediatric case of B-cell ALL presenting as ALC is presented because of an exceptional testicular localization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia presenting as ALC is rarely described in the literature, and this case could be the first of childhood ALC with testicular involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"248-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in a Case of Concurrent Tinea and Plaque Psoriasis.","authors":"Divya Asnani, Shrishti Singh, Aayush Gupta","doi":"10.1159/000542483","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The annular lesions of dermatophytosis can closely resemble the plaques of psoriasis, posing significant diagnostic and treatment challenges. Methotrexate, a common treatment for psoriasis, can exacerbate the former due to its immunosuppressive effects.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>​​A middle-aged man with chronic plaque psoriasis was on tablet methotrexate (7.5 mg once weekly) and topical steroids for 1 year. Despite some improvement, new annular lesions emerged whenever topical steroids were tapered. Frustrated with the lack of disease control, the patient finally visited a tertiary care center, where tinea corporis was diagnosed alongside psoriasis via dermoscopy, mycological tests, and histopathology. Methotrexate and steroids were discontinued, and the patient was started on antifungals. Once the dermatophytosis was brought under control, methotrexate was resumed alongside targeted application of steroid and antifungal creams.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The coexistence of tinea corporis and psoriasis can be challenging to diagnose and treat, necessitating thorough clinical evaluation and mycological testing. Proactive monitoring and timely intervention are crucial to prevent complications and ensure optimal management outcomes in immunosuppressed individuals with dermatophyte infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"254-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keratoderma-Like T-Cell Dyscrasia: A Case Report.","authors":"Asem Shadid, Sukaina Al Haddad, Rua'a Alharithy, Tariq J Al-Zaid","doi":"10.1159/000541258","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cutaneous T-cell dyscrasia (CTCD) encompasses a heterogeneous group of T-cell infiltrates, often clonal and epitheliotropic. While the etiology remains unclear, certain medications, including statins, have been linked to cutaneous T-cell lymphocytic infiltrate development.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A patient presented with a pruritic, scaly eruption on her palms and soles unresponsive to topical steroids for 1 month. Histopathological examination revealed compact orthokeratosis, mild lymphocytic infiltrate with focal exocytosis, and atypical lymphocytes. Immunophenotyping demonstrated a predominance of CD3+ T cells with a 1:1 CD4/CD8 ratio and reduced CD7 expression. The clinical presentation, histopathology, and immunophenotype supported a diagnosis of statin-induced CTCD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Statin discontinuation led to complete symptom resolution, emphasizing the reversibility of drug-induced T-cell dyscrasia. This case highlights the importance of a detailed medication history as drug-induced T-cell dyscrasia, unlike classic CTCD with its characteristic lymphoid atypia, phenotypic abnormalities, and clonality leading to a refractory course, can be reversed by drug withdrawal.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"234-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11509488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syringotropic Lichen Planus: An Unusual Presentation of a Common Dermatosis - A Report of 2 Cases.","authors":"Fatemeh Mohaghegh, Zohre Khodashenas, Mina Saber, Haniyeh Sohrabi","doi":"10.1159/000541695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that causes plaques and itchy papules on the skin, as well as erosion and ulcers in the mucous membranes. LP is characterized by a dense dermal T-cell infiltration. Perieccrine inflammation can be seen in a variety of dermatoses, but genuine lymphocyte permeation of the secretory coil or lymphocytic syringotropism is a rare sign that is typically seen in mycosis fungoides.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>In this study, we present 2 uncommon instances of lymphocytic syringotropism in LP. Histopathological examination revealed dense T-cell infiltration and lymphocytic involvement of eccrine glands, confirming syringotropism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lymphocytic syringotropism is an uncommon finding in LP. Its presence broadens the histopathological spectrum of LP and highlights the need to differentiate it from lymphoproliferative disorders like mycosis fungoides.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"226-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11501101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DRESS Syndrome That Resembles Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Chemotherapy in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.","authors":"Marian Rolón, Mateo Barros, Clara Ortiz, Sergio Danilo Cruz Romero, Johanna Álvarez","doi":"10.1159/000541046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a potentially life-threatening, drug-induced adverse reaction characterized by skin eruptions, lymphadenopathy, fever, and a broad range of other bodily manifestations. The spectrum of histopathologic and clinical presentations is wide; therefore, DRESS syndrome can mimic other diseases.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a case of a 4-year-old male patient who started chemotherapy with vincristine, cytarabine, and etoposide. The first clinical signs were fever, hemodynamic in-stability, and maculopapular erythema. Biopsies of skin lesions were taken, and hyperkeratosis, focal parakeratosis, acanthosis with slight spongiosis, and intraepithelial dyskeratotic cells were observed. There was a perivascular lymphoid infiltrate with abundant eosinophils in the dermis, and eosinophil permeations to the acrosyringium and epithelium were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DRESS syndrome is a drug-induced reaction that shares histopathological findings in skin biopsies with those seen in graft-versus-host disease. Although the histological findings are non-pathognomonic, they were characteristic enough to be of importance in the differential diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"221-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Nodulocystic Acne Induced by Mercury-Containing Skin-Whitening Cream: A Case Report and Call for Public Awareness.","authors":"Sami Alsuwaidan, Khalid Nabil Nagshabandi, Abdulmajeed Alajlan","doi":"10.1159/000541141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Skin-whitening products, often containing mercury, are used worldwide for cosmetic purposes but pose significant health risks. Mercury, a melanotoxin, can cause severe dermatological, renal, and neurological complications.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 27-year-old woman who developed severe nodulocystic acne due to chronic use of a mercury-containing skin-whitening cream. Treatment with isotretinoin and prednisolone led to significant improvement within 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case underscores the need for public awareness and stricter regulatory actions to prevent mercury-related health hazards from skin-whitening products.</p>","PeriodicalId":9619,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Dermatology","volume":"16 1","pages":"216-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}