Cancer Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Parametric mapping of dynamic ⁶⁸Ga FAPI-46-PET data of 42 patients with pancreatic lesions.","authors":"Anna-Maria Spektor, Isabelle von Goetze, Hans-Georg Buchholz, Ulrike Heger, Matthias Lang, Jakob Liermann, Maximilian Knoll, Klaus Herfarth, Mathias Schreckenberger, Jürgen Debus, Uwe Haberkorn, Manuel Röhrich","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01040-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01040-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PURPOSE: Differential diagnoses of primary pancreatic lesions include pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) and inflammatory lesions of the pancreas (ILP). Post-pancreatic surgery, differentiation of postoperative reactive tissue (PRT) and PDAC-recurrence challenges oncological imaging. Static 68Ga-FAPI-PET/CT uptake is increased in all of these lesions with marked overlap in signal intensity, hampering their FAPI-PET-based assessment. Here, we evaluated static and parametric imaging parameters for discrimination of pancreatic lesions in primary and post-pancreatic surgery scenarios. METHODS: 55 Patients with pancreatic lesions (36 primary, 19 post-pancreatic surgery) underwent static and dynamic 68Ga-FAPI-46-PET/CT. Primary lesions were classified either by histology following PET/CT or follow-up (> 6 months). Post-surgery, PRT and PDAC-recurrence were classified by CT- and clinical course (> 18 months). Parametric maps (1 tissue compartment (1TC), 2TC and Logan plot (LP)) from dynamic PET-data were generated via image-based aortic input function using PMOD-software. Pancreatic lesions (PDAC, ILP, PRT, PDAC-recurrence) were then delineated using VOI-technique (30–70% isocontour) and signal intensities were analyzed. SPSS was used to detect outliers, unpaired t-tests was applied for comparison of static and parametric imaging parameters. Receiver-operating-characteristic curves for differentiating PDAC/ILP or recurrent PDAC/PRT were generated. RESULTS: 42 patients were included in the final analysis: in primary setting, 16 PDAC and 10 ILP; in post-surgery setting 9 PDAC-recurrences and 7 PRT. In the primary setting, although PDAC showed higher SUVmax/mean than ILP, no significant differences in maximum/mean signal values neither in static imaging nor in parametric maps were detected. With regard to the differentiation of PDAC-recurrences versus postoperative tissue, LPmax were significantly higher in PDAC-recurrences compared to PRT (4.74 vs. 2.40, p-value 0.020) with AUC 82.5% (95-CI 0.62-1.0) and a possible diagnostic threshold at > 3,49 (LR + 5.44), while differences in static imaging or other parametric maps were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Differentiating pancreatic lesions remains challenging. While LPmax significantly distinguished PDAC-recurrence from PRT, other parametric mapping parameters yielded no significant results. Larger studies and additional dynamic data analysis methods should be explored. </p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative diagnosis of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a multimodal ultrasound model integrating super-resolution ultrasound.","authors":"Wenwen Fan, Lele Song, Jing Liu, Yaodong Chen, Gang Liang, Ruining Wang, Zhilong Liu, Qian Zhang, Yufang Zhao, Guolin Yin, Ping Liang, Liping Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01026-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01026-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Accurate preoperative diagnosis of lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is critical but remains challenging. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of a multimodal model integrating super-resolution ultrasound (SRUS) for the preoperative diagnosis of suspicious lateral cervical lymph nodes (LNs) in PTC. METHODS: This prospective study enrolled consecutive participants with PTC and suspicious lateral LNs from January to November 2025. All LNs underwent US, color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), SRUS, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and fine needle aspiration thyroglobulin (FNA-Tg), with surgical pathology as the reference standard. Three generalized estimating equations models were constructed: US+CDFI, US+CEUS, and US+CEUS+SRUS. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted for these models, FNAC and FNA-Tg; and sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were calculated. The nomogram based on the optimal model was constructed and assessed. RESULTS: A total of 149 lateral LNs (74 metastatic, 75 non-metastatic) from 112 participants (median age, 46 years [IQR, 35–54 years]; 72 female) were analyzed. The multimodal US+CEUS+SRUS model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.961(95% CI: 0.933, 0.988), superior to both the US+CDFI (AUC, 0.851; 95% CI: 0.791, 0.911; P < 0.001) and US+CEUS (AUC, 0.921; 95% CI: 0.878, 0.964; P = 0.040) models. It outperformed FNAC (AUC, 0.858; 95% CI: 0.806, 0.910; P < 0.001) and demonstrated comparable to FNA-Tg (AUC, 0.961; 95% CI: 0.928, 0.994; P = 0.989). Five independent predictors were identified: microcalcifications, abnormal hyperechogenicity, centripetal/synchronous enhancement, microvascular complexity level > 1.64, and mean density > 9.82. The resultant nomogram showed excellent discrimination, calibration and clinical utility. CONCLUSION: The multimodal US+CEUS+SRUS model provides an accurate, non-invasive strategy for preoperative diagnosis LLNM in PTC. </p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13248347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of targeted chemokine receptor 4 PET/CT in evaluating active lesions in multiple myeloma, comparison to ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT.","authors":"Junpeng Li, Jihui Li, Shushan Ge, Jinming Cao, Na Dai, Xin Xu, Yingying Zhang, Jiajia Dong, Shengming Deng, Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01039-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01039-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: To compare the performance between chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) targeting PET/CT and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in detecting active tumors in newly diagnosed (ND) and post-treated (PT)multiple myeloma (MM) patients. METHODS: 53 MM patients were recruited, comprising 10 NDMM and 43 PTMM. All patients underwent 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT, and 30 patients additionally received 18F-FDG PET/CT within one week. A positive focal lesion for visual analysis was defined as a lesion with a diameter greater than 5 mm, exhibiting uptake exceeding that of the surrounding normal bone tissue. Diffuse bone marrow uptake was characterized as homogeneous bone marrow uptake that was higher than liver. The number of lesions was recorded according to nine skeletal regions plus extramedullary sites. The maximum standard uptake values (SUVmax) and target to background ratios (TBR) of the most significant lesions in each region were calculated for semi-quantitative analysis. All patients provided samples from bone marrow or extramedullary tissues, with biopsy results confirming plasmacytoma or plasma cell analysis identifying monoclonal plasma cells ≥ 10% serving as the gold standard for the presence of active tumors. RESULTS: 68Ga-Pentixafor demonstrated a higher sensitivity than 18F-FDG in the overall sample (95.8% vs. 81.3%), NDMM (90% vs. 77.8%) and PTMM (100% vs. 85.7%). In head-to-head comparisons, 68Ga-Pentixafor detected more lesions than 18F-FDG in all regions. The SUVmax and TBR of 68Ga-Pentixafor were significantly higher than those of 18F-FDG (p < 0.001). In 68Ga-Pentixafor, the lesions in NDMM exhibited significantly lower SUVmax and TBR compared to those in PTMM (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in FDG uptake between NDMM and PTMM lesions. CONCLUSION: 68Ga-Pentixafor demonstrates superior performance in detecting active lesions in both newly diagnosed and post-treated MM patients than 18F-FDG. CXCR4-targeted PET/CT may serve as a promising tool for diagnosing and monitoring treatment response of MM. </p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13248414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT-guided ablation for stage I non-small cell lung cancer: a comparative study between cryoablation and microwave ablation.","authors":"Rui Han, Hai-Tao Wang, Jin-Liang Hu, Fei Teng, Jia Lin, Zhi-Hai Yu, Yun Lu","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01038-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01038-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Computed tomography (CT)-guided tumor ablation has emerged as an important treatment option for patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are poor surgical candidates. Here, the clinical performance and safety profiles of cryoablation (CA) and microwave ablation (MWA) for stage I NSCLC were compared.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients with stage I NSCLC treated with CT-guided CA or MWA between November 2022 and March 2025 were retrospectively enrolled. Outcomes evaluated included ablation effectiveness, long-term survival, and procedure-related complications, which were examined and compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-one patients were eligible for analysis in the present study, of whom 48 underwent CA and 43 underwent MWA. Baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between groups. Primary complete ablation rates were 93.8% for CA and 95.3% for MWA (p = 1.000); secondary complete ablation was achieved in all remaining cases in both cohorts. Patients treated with CA reported significantly lower procedural pain scores than those treated with MWA (median 1 vs. 3, p < 0.001). Median postoperative hospital stay was comparable (3 vs. 2 days, p = 0.376). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 16 months for CA and 15 months for MWA (p = 0.763), while median overall survival (OS) was 23 and 24 months, respectively (p = 0.894). Complication rates were similar in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For stage I NSCLC, both CA and MWA demonstrated comparable therapeutic efficacy and safety. However, CA offered the advantage of reduced intraprocedural pain compared with MWA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13237939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-dependent diffusion MRI as in vivo histology: microstructural biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and prognostic stratification.","authors":"Yu Zhou, Suyu Liu, Wei Chen, Wenbo Sun, Hao Mei, Xiaohui Chen, Jinfeng Lv, Xuan Li, Thorsten Feiweier, Ming Deng, Liying Xu","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01037-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01037-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Time-dependent diffusion MRI (TD-dMRI) holds potential for characterizing tumor cell properties; however, its utility in diagnosing various breast lesions and evaluating Ki-67 expression remains unexplored. This study aimed to assess the utility of TD-dMRI for distinguishing benign breast lesions, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast carcinoma (IBC), and correlating its derived parameters with molecular subtypes and histopathological features. METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled participants with breast lesions who underwent oscillating and pulsed gradient encoded TD-dMRI and conventional multi-parametric MRI from May 2024 to January 2025. The imaging microstructural parameters using limited spectrally edited diffusion (IMPULSED) model was used to extract microstructural parameters, including mean cell diameter (Dmean), cellularity, intracellular volume fraction (Vin), and extracellular diffusivity (Dex). Histopathological results (molecular subtypes, Nottingham grade, and Ki-67 index) served as the reference standard. Statistical analyses comprised receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, correlation tests, and intergroup comparisons. RESULTS: This study included 104 patients with 108 breast lesions. Significant differences were observed in TD-dMRI parameters among benign breast lesions, DCIS and IBC, and between high and low expression of Ki-67 (P < .05). IBC exhibited the highest cellularity (3.30 ± 0.77 μm− 1), the largest Dmean (10.26 ± 1.53 μm), the highest Vin (30.42% ± 7.33%), and the lowest ADC value (0.83 ± 0.10 × 10− 3mm2/s). High Ki-67 expression exhibited higher cellularity (3.38 ± 0.70 μm− 1), Dmean (10.51 ± 1.38 μm), Vin (31.10 ± 6.97%) and lower Dex (2.11 ± 0.22 µm2/ms) and ADC value (0.84 ± 0.11 × 10− 3mm2/s) compared to low Ki-67 expression. ADCDWI demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance in identifying benign lesions (AUC = 0.886) and IBC (AUC = 0.917). Vin showed considerable efficacy in distinguishing high Ki-67 expression from low Ki-67 expression (AUC = 0.801). Luminal B tumors displayed higher Dmean (10.63 ± 1.47 μm), Vin (31.48 ± 7.96%), lower ADC (0.82 ± 0.11 × 10− 3mm2/s) and Dex (2.07 ± 0.28 µm2/ms). CONCLUSION: TD-dMRI noninvasively quantifies microstructural features of breast lesions, improving diagnostic accuracy and providing valuable correlations with molecular subtypes and proliferative activity, with promise for clinical translation in precision oncology. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registry: Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TRN: 2,025,221 K, registration date: 27 August 2025, retrospectively registered. </p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13235015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous ablation of T1b renal tumors: a review.","authors":"Ahmed Marey, Hamza Elkeden, Yahia Alrohaibani, Mohamed Khalaf, Jose A Karam, Surena Matin, Peiman Habibiollahi, Bruno C Odisio, Kamran Ahrar, Mohamed E Abdelsalam","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01030-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01030-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgical excision is the gold standard treatment for T1b renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, due to the comorbidities especially in elderly patients, not all are candidates for surgery or prefer surgical approaches. This has raised the interest in minimally invasive ablation therapy for such patient population given that ablation techniques have shown favorable long term oncologic and survival outcomes for T1 a renal tumor. This review article delves into the application of ablation technologies, including percutaneous cryoablation (PCA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and microwave ablation (MWA), for managing T1b renal tumors (4.1-7 cm). This review comprehensively explores patient selection, contraindications, clinical evaluation, ablation procedures, imaging modalities, technical considerations, complications, and follow-up care. Additional insights of the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of ablation techniques for treating T1b renal tumors are presented. As the field continues to evolve, understanding the nuances of ablation as an alternative treatment modality for T1b renal tumors becomes essential for optimizing patient care and decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13224444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147716090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic effects of patient factors and scanner/protocol factors on a Restriction Spectrum Imaging (RSI) quantitative MRI biomarker for prostate cancer.","authors":"Deondre D Do, Mariluz Rojo Domingo, Christopher C Conlin, Ian Matthews, Karoline Kallis, Madison T Baxter, Courtney Ollison, Yuze Song, George Xu, Allison Y Zhong, Aditya Bagrodia, Tristan Barrett, Matthew Cooperberg, Felix Feng, Michael E Hahn, Mukesh Harisinghani, Gary M Hollenberg, Juan Javier-Desloges, Sophia C Kamran, Christopher J Kane, Dimitri Kessler, Joshua Kuperman, Kang-Lung Lee, Jonathan Levine, Michael A Liss, Daniel J A Margolis, Paul M Murphy, Nabih Nakrour, Michael A Ohliger, Thomas Osinski, Anthony James Pamatmat, Isabella R Pompa, Rebecca Rakow-Penner, Jacob L Roberts, Karan Santhosh, Ahmed S Shabaik, David Song, Clare M Tempany, Shaun Trecarten, Natasha Wehrli, Eric P Weinberg, Sean Woolen, Anders M Dale, Tyler M Seibert","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01032-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01032-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While multiparametric MRI has revolutionized clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection, conventional apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps suffer from a monoexponential model that conflate the various forms of diffusion in the tissue, leading to poor microstructural specificity and substantial inter-scanner variability. Restriction Spectrum Imaging (RSI) addresses these limitations with a multi-compartment biophysical model that separates the diffusion signal into four compartments, providing a more specific quantitative imaging biomarker, the Restriction Spectrum Imaging restriction score (RSIrs). Although RSIrs has demonstrated promising detection performance for csPCa, patient- and acquisition-related factors may influence its measured values and performance. Our retrospective analysis included 1,890 men (median age 70) from seven centers between 2018 and 2024. Our primary objective was to characterize the quantitative technical robustness of RSIrs using linear modeling. We assessed how age, race, ethnicity, prostate volume, medication use, and MRI acquisition parameters influenced prostate maximum RSIrs (RSIrsmax) values. Secondary, we conducted a functional validation of RSIrs’ csPCa detection performance when accounting for any significant effects (if any). Non-csPCa patients in this analysis were (1) with confirmed benign or Grade Group 1 findings on biopsy or (2) with a non-suspicious mpMRI (PI-RADS 1 or 2) and a prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) ≤ 0.15. Results revealed modest effects from age (1.8/year increase), prostate volume (-0.83/mL decrease), and acquisition methods (varying between − 63.14 to + 56.23). While these acquisition- and patient-level variations partially overlapped with change in RSIrsmax due to Grade Group 2 csPCa, these variations were secondary to the primary signal variation due to csPCa. Adjusting for them did not improve csPCa detection performance (p > 0.05). AUC of RSIrsmax for patient-level csPCa detection was 0.77 [95% CI: 0.75–0.79] compared to 0.74 [0.72–0.76] after. RSIrs demonstrates robust csPCa detection performance regardless of modest signal variations from patient and acquisition factors, supporting its potential as a generalizable quantitative imaging biomarker for csPCa.</p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13202994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics of mesorectum for predicting extramural venous invasion in patients with rectal cancer: a bi-centric study.","authors":"Jia He, Xianzheng Tan, Huashan Lin, Jing Fang, Diejuan Liu, Jiabei Liu, Xiang Feng, Xiaoping Yu, Peng Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01020-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01020-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop and validate a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics model of the mesorectum for predicting extramural venous invasion (EMVI) in patients with rectal cancer (RC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study included 238 patients with RC from two hospitals between May 2020 and March 2023. Patients were divided into a training set (n = 114, from institution 1), an internal validation set (n = 48, from institution 1), and an external validation set (n = 76, from institution 2). A total of 963 radiomics features were extracted from the mesorectum region using T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). The radiomics model was developed using the methods of the minimum redundancy of the maximum relevance (mRMR) and the least absolute shrinkage (LASSO) regression. After univariate and multivariate logistic analysis, a clinical model was constructed based on clinical characteristics. A combined model was built and demonstrated as a nomogram. These models were evaluated by discrimination, calibration, and clinical application.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 238 patients, 98 (41.1%) were EMVI-positive. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) values for the clinical, radiomics, and combined models, respectively, were 0.65, 0.85, and 0.88 for the training set (95% CI: 0.81-0.94); 0.60, 0.81, and 0.81 for the internal validation set (95% CI: 0.68-0.95); and 0.60, 0.78, and 0.82 for the external validation set (95% CI: 0.72-0.91).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study presents a model for predicting the EMVI status in patients with rectal cancer. The combined model, which incorporates both a mesorectal radiomics signature from T2WI and the clinical predictor of serum neutrophil count, demonstrated superior discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility compared to models based on either clinical or radiomics features alone. The non-invasive tool shows promise for aiding in preoperative risk stratification and guiding clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13192049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147688074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving patient understanding of oncology imaging: radiologist and patient evaluation of summarised versus full-length AI-simplified reports from a tertiary cancer centre.","authors":"Ana S F Ribeiro, Olga Husson, Sheila Matharu, Saffron Cox, Davide Meo, Richard Sidebottom, Robby Emsley, Karen Thomas, Joshua Shur, Francesca Castagnoli, Sharmin Malekout, Elizabeth Robinson, Chin Lian Ng, Christian Kelly-Morland, Wim J G Oyen, Winette T A van der Graaf, Christina Messiou","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01031-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01031-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Oncology practice is increasingly aiming to be patient centric. Imaging is a decisive part of the management of cancer patients and with the introduction of Digital Health Records (DHR) patients have the possibility of accessing their imaging results independently, yet the optimal way of doing so is still not clear. The introduction of Large Language Models (LLM) offers the potential to turn radiology reports into a clearer, accessible and unambiguous format and to democratise patient’s access to their own medical records. METHODS: A multi-reader retrospective Service Evaluation (SE) conducted at a tertiary oncology hospital aimed to assess the capability of an LLM to generate two versions of simplified oncology imaging reports. The SE assessed Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) representatives and healthcare professionals’ (HCP) preferences using original radiology reports from two cohorts, colorectal (n = 30) and lung (n = 30) cancer. A Prompt-development phase created two prompts to generate the summarised (version A) and the full-length (version B) report versions. The review was performed by radiologists with 360 reads and PPI representatives with 180 reads. RESULTS: Radiologists scores between summaries and full-length reports differed per cohort. In the lung cohort, version A was rated higher for factual correctness (P = 0.001), completeness (P < 0.0001), accessibility and readability (P = 0.026), and benefit to patients (P < 0.0001). The opposite was seen in the colorectal cohort, version B achieved consistently higher scores (P < 0.002). When the two cohorts were combined, median scores for version A and B did not differ significantly (all P > 0.057). PPI reviews indicated that full-length reports were favoured significantly (P < 0.0001). Qualitative results from radiologists and PPI identified incorrect statements (n = 28), complex terminology (n = 18), addition of confusion (n = 10), and missing information (n = 10). CONCLUSIONS: LLM simplified reports have the potential to improve patient accessibility in oncology imaging. PPI and HCP preferences for summarised versus full-length reports vary. Findings suggest these outputs are likely to benefit from appropriate adjustments to individual patient needs and clinical context. Reports with incorrect, confusing and missing content, highlight that LLM need improvement, ahead of potential clinical use in this setting. </p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13188515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147670501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive prediction of glypican-3 expression and recurrence-free survival in hepatocellular carcinoma using contrast-enhanced ultrasound.","authors":"Lianhua Zhu, Wenbo Tang, Bo Jiang, Peng Han, Miao Li, Jinrui Zhu, Xiang Fei","doi":"10.1186/s40644-026-01033-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40644-026-01033-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Glypican-3 (GPC-3) is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet its noninvasive preoperative assessment remains challenging. This study developed and validated a nomogram model integrating contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features with clinical variables to predict GPC-3 expression and assess its prognostic significance for recurrence-free survival (RFS). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 316 HCC patients who underwent preoperative CEUS was performed. Predictive CEUS features and clinical variables were identified using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and multivariable logistic regression. The nomogram was constructed and validated in training and validation cohorts, with performance assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess the association between GPC-3 expression, nomogram scores, and RFS. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 59 years (IQR, 52–67 years), with a predominance of male patients (267/316, 84.49%). Four predictors of GPC-3 expression were identified: alpha-fetoprotein, feeding artery, hyper-enhanced rim in the arterial phase, and necrosis. The nomogram achieved area under the curve values of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.94) in the training cohort and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.94) in the validation cohort. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 97.14% (95% CI: 94.38, 99.90) and 54.32% (95% CI: 43.47, 65.17) in the training cohort, and 96.77% (95% CI: 91.80, 99.99) and 45.46% (95% CI: 28.12, 62.08) in the validation cohort, respectively. Calibration plots and decision curve analysis confirmed its clinical utility. GPC-3 expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor for RFS (hazard ratio: 3.56; 95% CI: 2.18, 5.83), and patients with high nomogram scores had significantly shorter RFS (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This CEUS-based nomogram provides an accurate, noninvasive method for predicting GPC-3 expression and RFS in HCC patients, serving as a valuable tool for personalized treatment strategies and optimizing GPC-3-targeted therapies. </p>","PeriodicalId":9548,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13182096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}