{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Redefining Scar Quality: A Synergistic Approach with Micro-needling and Photodynamic Therapy using Methylene Blue as a Photosensitizer: A Randomized Clinical Trial\" [Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 56 (2025) 104787].","authors":"Mahshid Sabet Ghadam, Behzad Imani, Amir Derakhshan Far, Fatemeh Shahbazi, Zahra Farahani Nik","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"105664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149121123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frederik Plum, Sahar Moeini, Francesca Rossi, Giada Magni, Ewa Anna Burian, Aqella Rasul, Katrine E Karmisholt, Klaus Kirketerp-Møller
{"title":"Biological effects of blue light on cultured keratinocytes - a systematic review.","authors":"Frederik Plum, Sahar Moeini, Francesca Rossi, Giada Magni, Ewa Anna Burian, Aqella Rasul, Katrine E Karmisholt, Klaus Kirketerp-Møller","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Keratinocyte in vitro studies using blue light photobiomodulation report divergent findings regarding cytotoxicity and viability. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from keratinocyte cultures and maps blue light photobiomodulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Original articles published between 1990 and 2026 were identified through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library and imported into Covidence. Eligible studies evaluated primary or immortalized keratinocyte cultures exposed to blue light (400-500 nm) with unexposed controls. Title/abstract and full-text screening were conducted in duplicate. Data and risk of bias were extracted by one reviewer. Light parameters were subsequently verified by a second reviewer, while uncertainties regarding cell culture parameters were discussed with the review team.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 7508 screened records, 226 underwent full-text review and 44 studies met the inclusion criteria. Extracted data included irradiation and culture parameters, and assays on reactive oxygen species, proliferation, apoptosis, and viability. Blue light induced biological responses ranging from adaptive redox signaling to oxidative stress, reduced metabolic activity, and apoptosis. Shorter wavelengths exhibited a narrower margin between adaptive and cytotoxic responses, whereas prolonged exposure increased apoptotic activity. Heterogeneity dominated irradiation and culture parameters and all studies were classified with moderate or high risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Blue light photobiomodulation elicits parameter-dependent keratinocyte responses indicating that biological effects are determined by irradiation conditions rather than wavelength alone. This review demonstrates diverse cellular responses to blue light but highlights an ill-defined window of effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"105667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predicting Arterial Stiffness from Retinal Microvasculature: A Machine Learning Approach Integrating OCTA Imaging and Clinical Parameters.","authors":"Mohammadreza Hoseinkhani, Esmat Ramezanzadeh, Naser Shoeibi","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but its gold-standard measurement, pulse wave velocity (PWV), requires specialized equipment and is not routinely available in clinical practice. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) provides a non-invasive window into the systemic microvasculature through retinal imaging. However, the utility of OCTA-derived features for predicting PWV using explainable machine learning (ML) remains underexplored. This study aimed to develop and internally evaluate machine learning models that integrate quantitative OCTA retinal features with clinical parameters to predict mean PWV and to identify key predictors using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)-based interpretability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 653 participants from the PERSIAN Cohort who underwent OCTA imaging and oscillometric PWV assessment. Participants were excluded if OCTA signal strength was below 7 or if PWV recordings showed excessive variability (standard deviation > 1.5 m/s). Quantitative retinal microvascular and texture features from macular and optic disc regions were combined with demographic and metabolic variables. An ensemble feature selection framework combining Boruta, recursive feature elimination with cross-validation (RFECV), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator cross-validation (LassoCV) was applied. The dataset was split 80:20 into training and test sets. Seven base regression models were trained, with an additional stacking ensemble, using Optuna-based hyperparameter optimization and evaluated on the held-out test set. Internal validation was performed using 10-fold cross-validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Random Forest achieved the best test performance (R² = 0.538, 95% CI [0.420, 0.645]; RMSE = 1.020 m/s; Pearson r = 0.749, p < 0.001).. The final model retained 21 predictors: nine clinical variables and twelve OCTA‑derived imaging descriptors. SHAP analysis identified waist circumference, age, and glucose as the three most influential features, with retinal texture and morphological descriptors contributing additional predictive signal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrating OCTA‑derived retinal microvascular features with clinical variables using machine learning enables meaningful prediction of arterial stiffness. SHAP analysis highlights both established cardiovascular risk factors and novel retinal imaging biomarkers. These findings suggest that OCTA may serve as a complementary tool alongside clinical data for vascular risk assessment, though prospective external validation is required before clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"105660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Danesh-Doust, Farzane Nikparast, Hoda Zare
{"title":"Mapping the Intelligence: A Bibliometric Analysis of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications in Retinal OCT for Neurodegenerative Diseases.","authors":"Mohammad Danesh-Doust, Farzane Nikparast, Hoda Zare","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) combined with artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly proposed as a scalable window onto neurodegenerative disease, yet the intellectual architecture of this field remains unmapped.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the BIBLIO guideline, 1,036 documents (1976-2026) were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and analysed with bibliometrix (v5.4.0), integrating performance analysis, collaboration and co-citation networks, and science mapping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Output grew exponentially after 2010, peaking at 139 articles in 2025. Productivity and impact concentrated in a transatlantic core (USA, Germany, UK; Charité Berlin, University College London, Johns Hopkins; Calabresi, Paul, Saidha), with a 19-journal Bradford core led by Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Thematic mapping documented a decisive post-2022 reorientation toward deep learning, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and oculomics, with AI themes consolidating as motor themes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The field is transitioning from structural biomarker research to computational phenotyping; externally validated, globally inclusive collaborations will determine whether retinal AI fulfils its screening potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"105662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149066052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenshi Tian, Zhengyang Zhang, Hao Chen, Wenrui Qu, Xulei Wang, Yihan Zhao, He Jiang, Yunchao Wang, Jianning Wang
{"title":"Hyperspectral pathology combined with uncertainty-calibrated deep learning for patient-level differentiation of adrenocortical tumors and pheochromocytomas.","authors":"Wenshi Tian, Zhengyang Zhang, Hao Chen, Wenrui Qu, Xulei Wang, Yihan Zhao, He Jiang, Yunchao Wang, Jianning Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) and pheochromocytomas (PHEOs) can overlap morphologically. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) provides label-free spectral-spatial information. In this study, reflectance HSI was conducted in the visible-to-near-infrared range (400-1000 nm), but conventional models incompletely capture long-range wavelength dependencies and correlated tissue patches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed AdrenoMamba-MIL, a patient-level framework combining bidirectional spectral selective state-space modeling, multiscale spatial encoding, cross-gated fusion, attention multiple-instance learning, temperature scaling, and uncertainty estimation. This retrospective single-center study included 60 patients (30 ACTs and 30 PHEOs), partitioned at patient level into training (n=27), validation (n=9), internal test (n=9), and locked same-center held-out test (n=15) subsets. The primary endpoint was patient-level area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in the locked test set.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the pooled test cohort (n=24), AdrenoMamba-MIL achieved an AUC of 0.948 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.829-0.993), accuracy of 91.7%, sensitivity of 91.7%, specificity of 91.7%, and F1 score of 0.917. The locked-test AUC was 0.946 (95% CI, 0.804-0.997). Ablation analyses supported complementary contributions from the spectral, spatial, fusion, and patient-level aggregation components.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AdrenoMamba-MIL showed promising same-center performance for label-free ACT-PHEO differentiation. Independent external and prospective validation is required before clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"105639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Myopic Laser-assisted In-situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) with InnovEyes ablation: a review of literature.","authors":"Yuen Tsing Adeline Ho, Sunny Chi Lik Au","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104671","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"104671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to 18th International Photodynamic Association World Congress.","authors":"Dr. Lothar Lilge","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":"88 3","pages":"104079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maximilian Aumiller, Asmerom Arazar, Ronald Sroka, Olaf Dietrich, Adrian Rühm
{"title":"Investigations on correlations between changes of optical tissue properties and NMR relaxation times.","authors":"Maximilian Aumiller, Asmerom Arazar, Ronald Sroka, Olaf Dietrich, Adrian Rühm","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.103968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.103968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate light dosimetry is a complex remaining challenge in interstitial photodynamic therapy (iPDT) for malignant gliomas. The light dosimetry should ideally be based on the tissue morphology and the individual optical tissue properties of each tissue type in the target region. First investigations are reported on using NMR information to estimate changes of individual optical tissue properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Porcine brain tissue and optical tissue phantoms were investigated. To the porcine brain, supplements were added to simulate an edema or high blood content. The tissue phantoms were based on agar, Lipoveneous, ink, blood and gadobutrol (Gd-based MRI contrast agent). The concentrations of phantom ingredients and tissue additives are varied to compare concentration-dependent effects on optical and NMR properties. A 3-tesla whole-body MRI system was used to determine T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> relaxation times. Optical tissue properties, i.e., the spectrally resolved absorption and reduced scattering coefficient, were obtained using a single integrating sphere setup. The observed changes of NMR and optical properties were compared to each other.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By adjusting the NMR relaxation times and optical tissue properties of the tissue phantoms to literature values, recipes for human brain tumor, white matter and grey matter tissue phantoms were obtained that mimic these brain tissues simultaneously in both properties. For porcine brain tissue, it was observed that with increasing water concentration in the tissue, both NMR-relaxation times increased, while µ<sub>a</sub> decreased and µ<sub>s</sub>' increased at 635 nm. The addition of blood to porcine brain samples showed a constant T<sub>1</sub>, while T<sub>2</sub> shortened and the absorption coefficient at 635 nm increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this investigation, by changing sample contents, notable changes of both NMR relaxation times and optical tissue properties have been observed and their relations examined. The developed dual NMR/optical tissue phantoms can be used in iPDT research, clinical training and demonstrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103968"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139433248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanamat Efendiev, Polina Alekseeva, Kirill Linkov, Artem Shiryaev, Tatiana Pisareva, Aida Gilyadova, Igor Reshetov, Arina Voitova, Victor Loschenov
{"title":"Tumor fluorescence and oxygenation monitoring during photodynamic therapy with chlorin e6 photosensitizer.","authors":"Kanamat Efendiev, Polina Alekseeva, Kirill Linkov, Artem Shiryaev, Tatiana Pisareva, Aida Gilyadova, Igor Reshetov, Arina Voitova, Victor Loschenov","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.103969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.103969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study is aimed at developing a method for monitoring photodynamic therapy (PDT) of a tumor using chlorin-type photosensitizers (PSs). Lack of monitoring of chlorin e6 (Cе6) photobleaching, hemoglobin oxygenation and blood flow during light exposure can limit the PDT effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Phototheranostics includes spectral-fluorescence diagnostics of Ce6 distribution in the NIR range and PDT with simultaneous assessment of hemoglobin oxygenation and tumor blood flow. Fluorescence diagnostics and PDT were performed using the single laser λ<sub>exc</sub>=660 ± 5 nm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Combined spectroscopic PDT monitoring method allowed simultaneous estimation of Ce6 photobleaching, hemoglobin oxygenation and tumor vascular thrombosis during PDT without interrupting the therapeutic light exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed method of tumor phototheranostics using chlorin-type PSs may make it possible to personalize the duration of therapeutic light exposure during PDT.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103969"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139428123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}