{"title":"Light dose effect of photodynamic therapy on growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in non-small cell lung cancer: A study in nude mouse model.","authors":"Wen Sun, Xiaoyu Ma, Yunxia Wang, Guosheng Yang, Jiping Liao, Yuan Cheng, Guangfa Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is receiving increasing attention in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) worldwide, but in clinical practice, the relationship between treatment effect and PDT light dose in NSCLC remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the optimal light dose for PDT by exploring molecular biomarkers and evaluating tumor growth data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied bioinformatics to identify promising genes and pathways in NSCLC and PDT. Then, the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549-bearing BALB/c nude mice were treated with hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD, 3 mg/kg) that is currently used widely for lung cancer treatment in the world even with photosensitization issues. After 48 h, tumor-bearing mice were irradiated superficially at doses of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 J/cm<sup>2</sup>. The tumor growth data and apoptotic molecules were assessed and calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bioinformatics results indicated that the apoptosis pathway was significantly enriched and caspase 3 was the most promising biomarker on prognosis in NSCLC-PDT. Compared to the untreated group, there was no difference in the relative tumor volume (RTV) of the 100 J/cm<sup>2</sup> group, while the RTV of the other treatment groups (200-500 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) was significantly lower. In the 100 J/cm<sup>2</sup> group, there were significant differences in the complete remission (CR, 0 %) and the percentage of tumor growth inhibition rate (TGI%) over 75 % (20 %) compared with the other treatment groups, especially the 300 and 400 J/cm<sup>2</sup> groups (CR 70 %; TGI% 90 %). In the 300 and 400 J/cm<sup>2</sup> groups, the expression of caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 3, PARP1, and Bax was increased significantly, while Bcl-2 expression was significantly lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Moderate doses of PDT (300 or 400 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) are more effective than low (100 or 200 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) or high doses (500 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) in the A549 tumor-bearing mice model. Since the A549 tumor is more akin to human tumors in pathological behavior, these experimental data may contribute to improving HPD-PDT illumination protocols for favorable clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103865"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72212478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weinan Zhang, Zhiqiang He, Yingyue Qin, Jie Gong, Wenjun Xie, Li Tong, Shulei Liu, Luoyingzi Xie
{"title":"5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy using 560-1200 nm followed by 420-1200 nm broadband light in the treatment of moderate-to-severe acne.","authors":"Weinan Zhang, Zhiqiang He, Yingyue Qin, Jie Gong, Wenjun Xie, Li Tong, Shulei Liu, Luoyingzi Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris, which is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, seriously impacts millions of people. However, traditional therapies may cause severe adverse reactions that are unacceptable to many patients, thus limiting the further application of these therapies. Novel therapeutic approaches to effectively treat moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris with minimal adverse reactions are urgently needed. In this retrospective study, we investigated the efficacy and adverse reactions of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 560-1200 nm followed by 420-1200 nm broadband light (BBL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris were included in the study and all patients expressed a strong desire for beauty. After aminolevulinic acid (ALA) gel applied, the entire face was sequentially irradiated by using BBL with a 560 nm cut-off filter (560-1200 nm), followed by BBL with a 420 nm cut-off filter (420-1200 nm). The clinical efficacy was evaluated by the proportion of patients achieving cured response and excellent response (effective rate), based on the percentage of lesions reduction (treatment rate). The fluorescent images and photographs of acne vulgaris were recorded. Pain and other common local adverse reactions during the treatment were also recorded and evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients with moderate acne, the mean treatment rates were 57.74 ± 16.40 (%) and 87.40 ± 8.521 (%) at the 6th week and 12th week of treatment, respectively. In patients with severe acne, the mean treatment rates were 60.95 ± 12.06 (%) and 85.04 ± 9.115 (%) at the 6th week and 12th week of treatment, respectively. At the 6th and 12th weeks of treatment, the effective rates of patients were 20.00 % and 93.33 % in patients with moderate acne, and 0.000 % and 88.89 % in patients with severe acne, respectively. Pain scores were significantly higher in patients with severe acne compared to patients with moderate acne when receiving 560-1200 nm BBL-PDT. Additionally, patients when receiving 420-1200 nm BBL-PDT exhibited significantly higher pain scores than those when receiving 560-1200 nm BBL-PDT. The degree of erythema was more severe in patients with severe acne than in those with moderate acne. The pigmentation was observed in one patient with moderate acne and one patient with severe acne.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 560-1200 nm and 420-1200 nm BBL-PDT therapy can effectively treat moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris with tolerable adverse reactions, providing a new option for patients with higher esthetic requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138178377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda Cavalcante Pereira Pinheiro, Olívia Vieira Aires, Mariana Rossi Carneiro Gasperini, Leonardo Custódio de Lima, Carlos Alberto Kenji Shimokawa, Míriam Lacalle Turbino
{"title":"The effect of tooth bleaching using violet LED (405-410 nm) on the properties of resin-based composites.","authors":"Amanda Cavalcante Pereira Pinheiro, Olívia Vieira Aires, Mariana Rossi Carneiro Gasperini, Leonardo Custódio de Lima, Carlos Alberto Kenji Shimokawa, Míriam Lacalle Turbino","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching techniques, including or not the use of violet light (405-410 nm), on resin-based composites' color, surface roughness, nanohardness, and elastic modulus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-six disk-shaped specimens (12 mm x 2 mm; n = 12) were prepared using Filtek Z350 XT (Z350) and IPS Empress Direct (ED) resin-based composites. After 24 h, specimens were stained in red wine for 28 days. After staining, specimens were divided into four experimental groups: 40 % Hydrogen Peroxide (HP); Violet Light (VL); 40 % Hydrogen Peroxide associated with Violet Light (HP+VL), and a control group - no treatment (NT). Specimens were evaluated at six experimental times: initial (24 h after light curing); after staining and after the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th bleaching sessions regarding the color change (ΔE<sub>00</sub>, L*, a*, b*, and WI<sub>D</sub>); roughness (Ra), nanohardness and elastic modulus (GPa). Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures was performed (α=0.05 %).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a statistically significant difference between staining and the 1st bleaching session for all ED groups (p<0.05). After the last bleaching session, there were no differences between the experimental and the control groups of both resin-based composites. Bleaching using violet light did not change the roughness, nanohardness and elastic modulus of the tested resin-based composites (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although hydrogen peroxide and violet light remove pigments from resin-based composites without affecting their surface roughness, nanohardness, and elastic modulus, the color change was similar to the one obtained by immersion in distilled water.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103883"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunyun Cao, Yanliang Li, Xiaoqing Xiang, Xiguang Liu, Guozhang Ma
{"title":"Photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative for recurrent plantar cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A case report.","authors":"Yunyun Cao, Yanliang Li, Xiaoqing Xiang, Xiguang Liu, Guozhang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor typically treated through surgical removal. However, when the lesion is situated in specific areas like the hands, feet, or lips, particularly if it's sizable, surgical interventions can adversely impact appearance and function. In such cases, non-surgical treatments are preferable to preserve both aesthetics and functionality. We present a case of recurrent cSCC on the plantar region post-surgery. Given the extensive lesion area, deep infiltration, and the patient's reliance on foot function, hematoporphyrin derivative-photodynamic therapy (HpD-PDT) was chosen over traditional surgery. The lesion was successfully treated, and while a minor recurrence was observed after 20 months, it was localized and amenable to non-surgical intervention. We posit that HpD-PDT is a viable treatment for cSCC, especially in unique locations, with extensive lesions, and postoperative recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49686804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juliana Aparecida Fernandes, Pollyanna Cristina Vicenzi Conrado, Brenda Serenini Perina, Ana Carolina Vieira de Oliveira, Glaucia Sayuri Arita, Isis Regina Grenier Capoci, Renato Sonchini Gonçalves, Wilker Caetano, Terezinha Inez Estivalet Svidzinski, Erika Seki Kioshima Cotica, Patrícia de Souza Bonfim-Mendonça
{"title":"Photodynamic inactivation by hypericin-P123 on azole-resistant isolates of the Trichophyton rubrum complex as planktonic cells and biofilm.","authors":"Juliana Aparecida Fernandes, Pollyanna Cristina Vicenzi Conrado, Brenda Serenini Perina, Ana Carolina Vieira de Oliveira, Glaucia Sayuri Arita, Isis Regina Grenier Capoci, Renato Sonchini Gonçalves, Wilker Caetano, Terezinha Inez Estivalet Svidzinski, Erika Seki Kioshima Cotica, Patrícia de Souza Bonfim-Mendonça","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Trichophyton rubrum complex comprises the majority of dermatophyte fungi (DM) responsible for chronic cases of onychomycosis, which is treated with oral or topical antifungals. However, owing to antifungal resistance, alternative therapies, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), are needed. This study investigated the frequency of the T. rubrum species complex in onychomycosis cases in the northwestern region of Paraná state, Brazil, and evaluated the efficacy of (PDT) using P123-encapsulated hypericin (Hyp-P123) on clinical isolates of T. rubrum in the planktonic cell and biofilm forms.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The frequency of the T. rubrum complex in onychomycosis cases from 2017 to 2021 was evaluated through a data survey of records from the Laboratory of Medical Mycology (LEPAC) of the State University of Maringa (UEM). To determine the effect of PDT-Hyp-P123 on planktonic cells of T. rubrum isolates, 1 × 10<sup>5</sup> conidia/mL were treated with ten different concentrations of Hyp-P123 and then irradiated with 37.8 J/cm<sup>2</sup>. Antibiofilm activity of PDT-Hyp-P123 was tested against T. rubrum biofilm in the adhesion phase (3 h), evaluated 72 h after irradiation (37.8 J/cm<sup>2</sup>), and the mature biofilm (72 h), evaluated immediately after irradiation. In this context, three different parameters were evaluated: cell viability, metabolic activity and total biomass.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The T. rubrum species complex was the most frequently isolated DM in onychomycosis cases (approximately 80 %). A significant reduction in fungal growth was observed for 75 % of the clinical isolates tested with a concentration from 0.19 μmol/L Hyp-P123, and 56.25 % had complete inhibition of fungal growth (fungicidal action); while all isolates were azole-resistant. The biofilm of T. rubrum isolates (TR0022 and TR0870) was inactivated in both the adhesion phase and the mature biofilm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PDT-Hyp-P123 had antifungal and antibiofilm activity on T. rubrum, which is an important dermatophyte responsible for onychomycosis cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103875"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71490695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PEEK surface treatment on surface roughness and bond integrity to composite resin utilizing Er: YAG, Rosebengal activated by PDT, and aluminum trioxide particles.","authors":"Waleed M S Alqahtani, Nishath Sayed Abdul, Kashif Aslam, Abdulmohsen Alanazi, Nisren Ansary, Saad Saleh Alresayes, Abdulaziz Samran, Fayez Hussain Niazi","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the impact of conditioning protocols, aluminum trioxide (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), Er:YAG laser (EYL), and Rosebengal (RB), on the surface roughness (Ra) and shear bond strength (SBS) of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) attached to composite restorations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighty PEEK discs in total were produced and then divided into four groups (n = 20). Group1:Sulfuric acid (SA), Group 2: PDT (RB), Group 3: Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Group 4 EYL, respectively. The Ra of PEEK discs was evaluated using the surface profilometer. After being luted, the discs were attached to composite resin discs. After that, samples were put to SBS testing on a Universal testing apparatus. A stereo microscope was also used to evaluate the type of breakdown. The data were analyzed using Tukey's test and one-way analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SA treated group exhibited the highest Ra. Nevertheless, the RB specimens activated by PDT treatment had the lowest mean Ra score. The group that received the treatment of SA exhibited the highest average score of SBS. In contrast, specimens treated with PDT and activated by RB exhibited the lowest levels of bond fidelity. Cohesive failure emerges as the prevailing kind of fracture within the various groups subjected to testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The utilization of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, RB activated by PDT, and EYL shows promise as a viable substitute for Sulfuric acid in enhancing the bond integrity of composite cement and surface roughness in PEEK materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103879"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71490692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao Wang, Xiaoyu Wang, Yongqing He, Tianzhen Xiao, Xia Lei
{"title":"Corrigendum to 'Photodynamic therapy: a new approach to the treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial skin and soft tissue infections' [Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 43C (2023) 103645].","authors":"Xiao Wang, Xiaoyu Wang, Yongqing He, Tianzhen Xiao, Xia Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103814","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103814"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping Yang, Beilei He, Jianbo Zhong, Xingyun Zhao, Zhangyu Bu
{"title":"Assessment of therapeutic efficacy in seven cases of basal cell carcinoma in the ear and nose region treated with new surgical excision and immediate photodynamic therapy.","authors":"Ping Yang, Beilei He, Jianbo Zhong, Xingyun Zhao, Zhangyu Bu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent non-melanoma skin tumor. It commonly affects exposed areas. Currently, surgical resection is considered the primary approach for BCC treatment. However, BCC frequently affects exposed facial areas, leading to visible scars after surgery. PDT has garnered increasing recent attention, demonstrating superior efficacy and favorable cosmetic outcomes for superficial BCCs. However, it shows limited treatment effectiveness for deep-seated tumors. Most of the current literature focuses on the combination of surgery and postoperative PDT, while no studies have reported on the use of standard surgical excision with intraoperative margin pathological monitoring and immediate PDT. Therefore, we implemented a treatment protocol combining surgery and immediate PDT. Accordingly, this paper aimed to explore the effectiveness, cosmetic outcomes, and other relevant advantages of this therapeutic approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We aimed to evaluate this approach in seven patients with BCC on the nose and ears. Standard surgical excision of skin lesions was performed, with intraoperative frozen section examination of the margins, followed by immediate postoperative PDT for the wounds, and continued periodic PDT during the second phase of wound healing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All seven cases demonstrated significant improvement. The cosmetic rating was 100 % and no cases of recurrence existed among the seven patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This approach effectively minimized the surgical wound, improved tumor clearance, achieved precise therapeutic effects, and reduced the recurrence rate. Moreover, it produced favorable cosmetic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94170,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy","volume":" ","pages":"103904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138178379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}