Morphologic and Functional Assessment of Photoreceptors in Anisometropic Amblyopia Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy.

IF 2.6
Hang Yang, Maoxia Lv, Jie Peng, Qian Luo, Zhengzheng Wu, Yan Tong, Yanxi Xie, Jing Li, Yin Yang, Lin Zhou
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Abstract

Objective: Using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO) to investigate the cone photoreceptor structure in children with anisometropic amblyopia and to examine its correlation with contrast sensitivity function (CSF).

Methods: Fifteen patients with monocular anisometropic amblyopia (amblyopic eyes, AE; fellow eyes, FE) and 15 age-matched controls (normal eyes, NE) were enrolled (45 eyes). Data on macular cone photoreceptor density, spacing, and regularity; retinal and choroidal thickness; superficial capillary plexus vessel density (SCP-VD); choroidal vascularity index (CVI); and contrast sensitivity function (CSF) were collected. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, and multivariate linear regression.

Results: Compared to the FE and NE groups, the AE group showed significantly reduced cone density (28,519.12 ± 2,853.41 vs. 35,529.21 ± 2,217.35 and 36,181.62 ± 3,081.95 cells/mm², P < 0.01), increased spacing (6.36 ± 1.64 vs. 4.22 ± 0.41 vs. 4.13 ± 0.50 μm, P < 0.01), and decreased regularity (92.99 ± 1.49% vs. 95.86 ± 1.20% vs. 95.90 ± 1.03%; P < 0.01). The Area Under the Log Contrast Sensitivity Function (AULCSF) of the AE group (1.61 ± 0.08) was significantly lower than that of the FE (1.84 ± 0.04) and NE groups (1.87 ± 0.08; P < 0.01). CSF was positively correlated with cone density (R² = 0.899, P < 0.001) and regularity (R² = 0.530, P = 0.002) and negatively correlated with cone spacing (R² = 0.539, P = 0.002). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that cone density (β = 0.701, P < 0.001) and cone regularity (β = 0.228, P = 0.026) had a positive predictive effect on AULCSF.

Conclusion: Anisometropic amblyopia shows disrupted macular cone structure, including reduced density and irregular spacing, which closely relates to impaired contrast sensitivity. AO-SLO can help assess these retinal deficits in developmental visual disorders.

自适应光学扫描激光验光对参差性弱视光感受器的形态学和功能评价。
目的:应用自适应光学扫描激光检眼镜(AO-SLO)观察屈光参差性弱视儿童视锥体感光结构,并探讨其与对比敏感度功能(CSF)的相关性。方法:选取15例单眼屈光参差性弱视患者(弱视眼,AE;伴眼,FE)和15例年龄匹配的对照组(正常眼,NE)(45眼)。黄斑锥光感受器密度、间距和规律性的数据;视网膜和脉络膜厚度;浅毛细血管丛密度(SCP-VD);脉络膜血管指数(CVI);对比敏感度函数(CSF)。统计分析采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)、Pearson相关和多元线性回归。结果:与FE组和NE组相比,AE组的锥体密度(28,519.12±2,853.41 vs. 35,529.21±2,217.35 vs. 36,181.62±3,081.95 cells/mm²)显著降低(P < 0.01),间距(6.36±1.64 vs. 4.22±0.41 vs. 4.13±0.50 μm)显著增加(P < 0.01),规定性(92.99±1.49% vs. 95.86±1.20% vs. 95.90±1.03%)显著降低(P < 0.01)。AE组的对数对比灵敏度函数下面积(Area Under The Log Contrast Sensitivity Function, AULCSF)为1.61±0.08,显著低于FE组(1.84±0.04)和NE组(1.87±0.08,P < 0.01)。CSF锥呈正相关,密度(R² = 0.899,P < 0.001)和规律性(R² = 0.530,P = 0.002)与锥间距呈负相关(R² = 0.539,P = 0.002)。多因素回归分析显示,锥体密度(β = 0.701,P < 0.001)和锥体规整性(β = 0.228,P = 0.026)对AULCSF有正向预测作用。结论:屈光参差性弱视表现为黄斑锥体结构破坏,密度降低,间距不规则,与对比敏感度下降密切相关。AO-SLO可以帮助评估发育性视觉障碍患者的视网膜缺陷。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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