Experimental gerontology最新文献

{"title":"A descriptive analysis of sarcopenia markers in young adults with down syndrome","authors":"Brett S. Nickerson ,&nbsp;Michael R. Esco ,&nbsp;George Schaefer ,&nbsp;Elroy J. Aguiar ,&nbsp;Stefan A. Czerwinski","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Most body composition research in individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) has focused on overweight and obesity. Although limited research has shown muscle mass indexes and physical performance levels of adults with DS are similar to or lower than older adults with sarcopenia, there is still a large gap in the literature regarding sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This brief report provides a comprehensive descriptive analysis of sarcopenia and obesity markers in individuals with DS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fourteen young adults (age = 26 ± 9 yrs.) with DS (males: <em>n</em> = 6; females: <em>n</em> = 8) had appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) measured with bioimpedance analysis and handgrip strength (HGS) measured with a hand dynamometer (dominant hand). Sarcopenia was computed using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People revised definition (EWGSOP2).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The BMI for the entire group was 24.41 ± 4.01 kg/m², ranging from 16.21 to 31.31 kg/m², with one participant classified as obese. ASM ranged from 11.33 to 24.41 kg (17.49 ± 4.71 kg), and 64 % of participants fell below the EWGSOP2 criteria for muscle mass. HGS ranged from 8 to 31 kg (20 ± 7 kg), and 57 % of participants fell below the EWGSOP2 criteria for muscular strength. Lastly, 5 of 14 participants (approximately 36 %) had sarcopenia according to the EWGSOP2 definition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>An alarming number of young adults with DS had sarcopenia, and low HGS and ASM when using the EWGSOP2 definition. Health professionals are encouraged to screen for sarcopenia in young adulthood rather than deferring it to a later stage in life for individuals with DS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and osteoarthritis: A multivariate mendelian randomization highlighting the role of BMI as a confounding factor","authors":"Xin Xu ,&nbsp;Hui Yu ,&nbsp;Mingyi Yang ,&nbsp;Jiale Xie ,&nbsp;Ke Xu ,&nbsp;Erliang Li ,&nbsp;Xianjie Wan ,&nbsp;Jiachen Wang ,&nbsp;Guoqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Pan ,&nbsp;Peng Xu ,&nbsp;Junfei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Osteoarthritis (OA) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are prevalent chronic conditions with emerging evidence suggesting a potential link. However, the causality of this association remains unclear, possibly influenced by confounders like high body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to explore causal relationships between OA and OSA using Mendelian randomization (MR).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>MR analysis was performed to assess causality between OA and OSA. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was the primary MR method, complemented by sensitivity analyses, including MR steiger, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, weighted median, heterogeneity tests, and leave-one-out approaches to evaluate pleiotropy and confirm the robustness of the causal estimates. To exclude confounding effects of BMI, we also used a multivariate MR (MVMR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After adjusting for BMI through MVMR, no significant causal relationship was identified between genetically predicted OSA and OA phenotypes, including knee (KOA) and hip osteoarthritis (HOA), suggesting that obesity largely drives the observed relationship between these conditions. Similarly, MR steiger doesn't support a causal effect from OA on OSA. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results, with no significant evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity affecting outcomes. The findings indicate that BMI acts as a critical confounder in the relationship between OSA and OA, rather than OSA directly contributing to OA development.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings indicate that there is no significant causal relationship between genetically predicted OSA and OA after adjusting for BMI. These findings underscore obesity as the primary shared risk factor, highlighting the importance of weight management as a key strategy for mitigating the risks of both conditions. Future research should aim to validate these findings in diverse populations and explore other metabolic pathways that may contribute to these complex associations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112657"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma volume variations in response to high intensity interval training in obese women: The influential role of menopausal status and age","authors":"Georges Jabbour ,&nbsp;Maha Sellami ,&nbsp;Horia-Daniel Iancu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to explore the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on plasma volume (PV) variations in obese women, with a focus on understanding how menopausal status and age influence these changes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled fifty-nine obese women (perimenopausal and postmenopausal), aged approximately 56.6 years in a six-week HIIT program. Measurements of fitness, health, and PV were taken before and after the intervention. PV was assessed at two points during each session: at post-warm-up (PV1), and immediately post-training (PV2). These measurements were derived using hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) values.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The intervention led to notable reductions in anthropometric measures and blood pressure (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). For all women pre- and post-HIIT comparisons revealed significant differences in the extent of PV reduction at all two points (P &lt; 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age was a significant contributor to the decreases in plasma volume (PV) observed both after warm-up and following the supramaximal cycling test - SCT (<em>r</em> = 0.44 and <em>r</em> = 0.57). On the other hand, menopause status was an independent predictor for PV decreases after warm-up (<em>r</em> = 0.33) as well after SCT (<em>r</em> = 0.38). Following HIIT, only menopause status accounted for 19 % of the variation in PV decreases after warm-up and 21 % of the variation in PV decreases after SCT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings suggest that HIIT is effective in enhancing plasma volume among obese menopausal women, attenuating the age-related decline in PV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing fracture risk indication: The impact of bone load index and muscle fat infiltration on vertebral compression fracture","authors":"Xiao-Yue Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhi-Yang Tang ,&nbsp;Bo-Wen Liu ,&nbsp;Si-Yuan Lu ,&nbsp;Dong-Gang Pan ,&nbsp;Hui Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiu-Hong Shan","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aims to identify risk factors for vertebral compression fracture and enhance the ability to indicate fracture risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective collection of clinical and imaging data was conducted for patients with vertebral compression fractures and control subjects who underwent quantitative computed tomography scans. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was employed to identify variables associated with fractures, constructing both unadjusted model and adjusted model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with the non-fracture group, the fracture group showed significant differences in weight, body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), vertebral cross-sectional area, paraspinal muscle area and right psoas major muscle fat area (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Adjusted characteristics analyzed by stepwise logistic regression indicated that bone load index (BLI) (OR = 3.19, <em>P</em> = 0.041), paraspinal muscle fat infiltration (PMFI) (OR = 2.27, <em>P</em> = 0.039), and right psoas major muscle fat infiltration (RPMFI) (OR = 1.08, <em>P</em> = 0.005) were independent risk factors for vertebral fractures. Interaction analysis revealed a positive interaction between BLI and PMFI (OR = 1.95, <em>P</em> = 0.008) as well as RPMFI (OR = 1.53, <em>P</em> = 0.045). Compared with the unadjusted model, the diagnostic performance of the adjusted model was significantly improved (training set IDI: 19.5 %, validation set IDI: 18.4 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Correlation analysis demonstrated significant associations between BMD (<em>r</em> = −0.353, <em>P</em> = 0.002), BLI (<em>r</em> = 0.631, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), PMFI (<em>r</em> = 0.412, P &lt; 0.001), RPMFI (<em>r</em> = 0.513, P &lt; 0.001), and the degree of vertebral compression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Under conditions of bone maladaptive loading and muscle degeneration, vertebral bodies may become more susceptible to external forces, increasing the risk of vertebral compression fracture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inflammatory index and its associations with cardiovascular diseases and cancer: Evidence form NHANES 2017–2018 and Mendelian randomization analysis","authors":"Xuehua Wang ,&nbsp;Qian Xu ,&nbsp;Wenhu Liu,&nbsp;Jingjie Xiong,&nbsp;Han Li,&nbsp;Ni Xiong,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Zhaohui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cancer are significant global causes of mortality. However, the link between diets that promote inflammation and various subtypes of CVDs and cancers remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Utilizing the dataset from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data release cycle, our study encompassed 3538 adult participants within the age range of 20 to 80 years. The dietary questionnaire information was utilized to calculate dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores. Logistic regression analysis was employed to validate the association between the DII and CVDs, as well as overall cancer and special type cancer. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between DII and the aforementioned diseases, with hemoglobin serving as the potential mediator. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis externally validated hemoglobin's causal link to these diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with the highest quartile levels of DII scores demonstrated an elevated prevalence of congestive heart failure (CHF), stroke, overall cancer and some specific types of cancers. The logistic regression analysis revealed a correlation between DII and CHF (OR = 1.197, <em>p</em> = 0.002), stroke (OR = 1.205, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), as well as breast cancer (OR = 1.306, <em>p</em> = 0.004). The pro-inflammatory diet also resulted in lower hemoglobin levels (p &lt; 0.001). Mediation analyses found a role for hemoglobin in the relationship of DII and CVDs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both CVDs and cancer risk were positively correlated with the DII in our study. Hemoglobin emerged as a potential mediator in the intricate relationship between DII and CHF, as well as stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112665"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Receiving financial support and its association with late-age depression: The mediating role of social engagement","authors":"Keying Song ,&nbsp;Zijian Zhao ,&nbsp;Amiya Saha ,&nbsp;Jhumki Kundu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Researchers have long been concerned with the association between family financial support and depression in older adults. However, it remains unclear whether social engagement influences the relationship between depression and financial support in later life. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between receiving financial support from family and others and depression among Indian older adults and to also explore the mediating effect of social engagement on this relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Subjects and methods</h3><div>Data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India Wave 1 (2017–2018) was used for the empirical analysis. A total sample of 30,210 older adults aged 60 years and above were selected for the study. The study employs bivariate and binary logistic regression analysis. Further Karlson–Holm–Breen method was adopted for mediation analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The adjusted prevalence of depression among older adults who did not receive financial support from family or others was nearly 33.8 % (men: 29.8 %, women: 37.4 %), compared to 29.9 % for those who received support (men: 27.6 %, women: 32 %). Older adults who received financial support had 21 % lower odds of depression (AoR: 0.79; 95 % CI: 0.73, 0.84) than those who did not. Additionally, the association between depression and receiving financial support was mediated by social engagement (17.3 %) with the mediating effect being higher among older women (29.3 %) than older men (13.5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study advances that although financial support plays a significant role in reducing depressive symptoms in older adults, social engagement also serves as an important mediator in this relationship. Enhancing opportunities for social engagement may amplify the protective effects of financial support, offering a more comprehensive approach to addressing mental health challenges among aging populations in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-administration of coenzyme Q10 and curcumin mitigates cognitive deficits and exerts neuroprotective effects in aluminum chloride-induced Alzheimer's disease in aged mice","authors":"Nida Rasheed ,&nbsp;Hafiza Khushbakht Hussain ,&nbsp;Zohabia Rehman ,&nbsp;Azka Sabir ,&nbsp;Waseem Ashraf ,&nbsp;Tanveer Ahmad ,&nbsp;Faleh Alqahtani ,&nbsp;Imran Imran","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminum chloride (AlCl₃), a known neurotoxic and Alzheimerogenic metal disrupts redox homeostasis which plays a pivotal role in pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly cognitive decline. The current study was designed to unveil the long-term neuroprotective outcomes and efficacy of CoQ10 and curcumin low dose (100 mg/kg each) combination in 18-months old geriatric male Balb/c mice subjected to AlCl₃-prompted memory derangements (200 mg/kg in water bottles) for 28 days. The neuroprotective properties driven by antioxidant mechanisms were assessed via observing cellular pathology in key-memory related brain regions including the cornuammonis (CA3 and DG) and cortex 2/3 layer. Our outcomes revealed that AlCl₃ exposure significantly reduced spatial learning and memory. In contrast, CoQ10 and curcumin combinatorial regime markedly mitigated cognitive deficits Vs. individual high-dose in AlCl₃-treated animals as demonstrated by their improved performance in neurobehavioral tests such as the Y-maze, novel object recognition, passive avoidance and Morris-water maze test. Additionally, CoQ10 and curcumin co-administration restored redox balance by significantly reducing the levels of oxidative stressor (MDA) and increasing the anti-oxidant capacity (SOD,GPx). AchE is an enzyme involved in acetylcholine breakdown which negatively impacts acetylcholine levels and memory function. AlCl₃ exposure elevated AchE levels in mice brains vs. treatment. This neurochemical alteration was notably reversed in the dual-treatment group. Furthermore, CoQ10 and curcumin ameliorated AlCl₃-induced neurotoxicity by preserving neuronal cytoarchitecture in both cortical and hippocampal regions. In conclusion, CoQ10 and curcumin combination might attenuate memory loss induced by AlCl₃-intoxication via restoring aberrant AchE activity, enhanced anti-oxidant defenses and salvaging the deleterious neuronal damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112659"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “TDP-43 ameliorates aging-related cartilage degradation through preventing chondrocyte senescence” [Experimental Gerontology Volume 195 (2024) 1-8 /112546]","authors":"Limeiting Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Lu Liang ,&nbsp;Zijun Song ,&nbsp;Pinwen Wang ,&nbsp;Liya Ma ,&nbsp;Zhenhui Liao ,&nbsp;Ning Li ,&nbsp;Hefeng Yang ,&nbsp;Song Li","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112653","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary phytochemicals alleviate the premature skin aging: A comprehensive review","authors":"Harpreet Singh ,&nbsp;Y.T. Kamal ,&nbsp;Jessica Pandohee ,&nbsp;Arun Kumar Mishra ,&nbsp;Aritra Biswas ,&nbsp;Sourav Mohanto ,&nbsp;Arvind Kumar ,&nbsp;Sagnik Nag ,&nbsp;Amrita Mishra ,&nbsp;Mhaveer Singh ,&nbsp;Himanshu Gupta ,&nbsp;Hitesh Chopra","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Skin aging, often called as premature skin aging, is the hastened deterioration of the skin resulting from multiple factors, including UV radiation, environmental contaminants, inadequate nutrition, stress, <em>etc.</em> Dietary phytochemicals, present in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-derived meals, have gained interest due to their efficiency to eradicate free radicals and lowering the release of inflammatory mediators which accounts for premature skin aging. Several dietary phytochemicals, <em>i.e.</em>, carotenoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, phytosterols, <em>etc.</em>, exhibited potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, suppression of UV damage, and promote collagen synthesis. In addition, dietary phytochemicals include sulfur, present in various foods safeguard the skin against oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, this article delves into the comprehension of various dietary phytochemicals investigated to alleviate the premature skin aging. The article further highlights specific phytochemicals and their sources, bioavailability, mechanisms, <em>etc.</em>, in the context of safeguarding the skin against oxidative stress and inflammation. The present manuscript is a systematic comprehension of the available literature on dietary phytochemicals and skin aging in various database, <em>i.e.</em>, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar using the keywords, <em>i.e.</em>, “dietary phytochemicals”, “nutraceuticals”, “skin aging” <em>etc.</em>, <em>via</em> Boolean operator, <em>i.e.</em>, “AND”. The dietary guidelines presented in the manuscript is a unique summarization for a broad reader to understand the inclusion of various functional foods, nutrients, supplements, <em>etc.</em>, to prevent premature skin aging. Thus, the utilization of dietary phytochemicals has shown a promising avenue in preventing skin aging, however, the future perspectives and challenges of such phytochemicals should be comprehended <em>via</em> clinical investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112660"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action observation with motor simulation of reactive stepping: A randomized study in older adults with a history of falls","authors":"Lotte Hagedoorn ,&nbsp;Aurora Ruiz-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Ilse Leijen ,&nbsp;Edwin van Asseldonk ,&nbsp;Vivian Weerdesteyn","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2024.112645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Perturbation-based training improves reactive stepping responses to prevent falling following a loss-of-balance. As there is currently no safe and feasible method for home-based practice, this randomized study investigated whether action observation with motor simulation (AOMS) of balance recovery improves reactive stepping in older adults with a history of falls. Additionally, we evaluated whether effects differ between AOMS of a human actor in the same experimental context or of an avatar in a virtual world.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy participants with a history of falls (68.3 ± 5.2y/o;52f) were subjected to 20 balance perturbations eliciting backward reactive steps. The AOMS group was tested after simulation of 20 reactive steps demonstrated by either a human actor (HumanAOMS) or a virtual avatar (AvatarAOMS). The control group was tested without prior observation. The primary outcome was reactive step quality, quantified as the leg angle at stepping-foot contact.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Differences between groups in the first perturbation trial were not significant. Upon repeated trials, both AOMS groups improved reactive step quality substantially faster than the control group. AOMS participants required on average five repetitions to achieve a reactive step quality that was no longer different from final performance in the last trial, whereas the control group needed ten. Both HumanAOMS and AvatarAOMS yielded similar gains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The lack of effect in the first trial suggests that AOMS alone may not be sufficient for preventing real-life falls in this population. A next step would be to investigate whether this could be achieved by combining brief real perturbation practice with AOMS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}