Association between frailty index and epigenetic aging acceleration in older adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study

IF 3.9

Experimental gerontology Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2025.112765

Xuhui Lin , Zhao Hu , Lu Tang , Yiqiang Zhan

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Abstract

Backgound

This study aimed to examine the associations between the frailty index and four epigenetic aging acceleration (EAA) estimators in cross-sectional and longitudinal settings.

Methods

The frailty index in the older adults was measured according to a cumulative health-deficit model. Four different epigenetic age measures (Hannum, PhenoAge, GrimAge, and DunedinPoAm38) were regressed against chronological age, and the resulting standardized residuals were indicative of EAA. The longitudinal relationship between EAA at baseline and changes in the frailty index during the 4-year follow-up were examined using a mixed linear model.

Results

A single standard deviation (SD) increment in the frailty index was associated with a faster EAA, as indicated by the four clocks in Hannum (b = 0.057; P = 0.015), PhenoAge (b = 0.096; P < 0.001), GrimAge (b = 0.120; P < 0.001), and DunedinPoAm38 (b = 0.062; P = 0.002) in the fully adjusted model. A 1-SD increment in the GrimAge EAA was associated with a 0.003 frailty index increase (b = 0.003; P = 0.002). A 1-SD increment in DunedinPoAm38 EAA was associated with a 0.002 frailty index increase (b = 0.002; P = 0.009).

Conclusions

The frailty index was cross-sectionally associated with EAA, while only GrimAge and DunedinPoAm38 EAA predicted changes in the frailty index. More research is needed to understand the interplay between pathways.

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老年人脆弱指数与表观遗传衰老加速之间的关系：来自健康和退休研究的证据

本研究旨在研究在横断面和纵向环境下，脆性指数与四种表观遗传衰老加速（EAA）估计值之间的关系。方法采用累积健康缺陷模型测定老年人的衰弱指数。四种不同的表观遗传年龄测量（Hannum, PhenoAge， GrimAge和DunedinPoAm38）根据实足年龄进行回归，得到的标准化残差表明EAA。基线EAA与4年随访期间虚弱指数变化之间的纵向关系采用混合线性模型进行检验。结果Hannum的4个时钟显示，脆性指数的单标准差（SD）增加与EAA加快相关(b = 0.057；P = 0.015)，表型(b = 0.096；P & lt;0.001), GrimAge (b = 0.120；P & lt;0.001), DunedinPoAm38 (b = 0.062；P = 0.002)。GrimAge EAA每增加1 sd，脆弱指数增加0.003 (b = 0.003；p = 0.002)。DunedinPoAm38 EAA每增加1个sd，与脆弱指数增加0.002相关(b = 0.002；p = 0.009)。结论衰弱指数与EAA呈横断面相关，而只有GrimAge和DunedinPoAm38 EAA能预测衰弱指数的变化。需要更多的研究来了解这些途径之间的相互作用。

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