Canadian journal of microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal screening of retail milk from Canadian provinces reveals no detections of influenza A virus RNA (April-July 2024): leveraging a newly established pan-Canadian network for responding to emerging viruses.","authors":"Hannah L Wallace, Jordan Wight, Mariana Baz, Barbara Dowding, Louis Flamand, Tom Hobman, François Jean, Jeffrey B Joy, Andrew S Lang, Sonya MacParland, Craig McCormick, Ryan Noyce, Rodney S Russell, Selena M Sagan, Jumari Snyman, Gabriela J Rzeszutek, Mustafa S Jafri, Isaac Bogoch, Jason Kindrachuk, Angela L Rasmussen","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0120","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 has caused the deaths of more than 100 million birds since 2021, and human cases since 1997 have been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Given recent detections of HPAI H5N1 in dairy cattle and H5N1 RNA detections in pasteurized retail milk in the United States, we established the pan-Canadian Milk Network in April 2024. Through our network of collaborators from across Canada, retail milk was procured longitudinally, approximately every 2 weeks, and sent to a central laboratory to test for the presence of influenza A virus RNA. Between 29 April and 17 July 2024, we tested 109 retail milk samples from all 10 Canadian provinces (NL, NS, PEI, NB, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, and BC). All samples tested negative for influenza A virus RNA. This nationwide initiative was established for rapid retail milk screening as per the earliest reports of similar undertakings in the United States. Our independent testing results have aligned with reporting from federal retail milk testing initiatives. Despite no known HPAI infections of dairy cattle in Canada to date, H5N1 poses a significant threat to the health of both humans and other animals. By performing routine surveillance of retail milk on a national scale, we have shown that academic networks and initiatives can rapidly establish nationwide emerging infectious disease surveillance that is cost-effective, standardized, scalable, and easily accessible. Our network can serve as an early detection system to help inform containment and mitigation activities if positive samples are identified and can be readily reactivated should HPAI H5N1 or other emerging zoonotic viruses be identified in agricultural or livestock settings, including Canadian dairy cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When DNA writing is free: open tools and strategies to accelerate the bioeconomy.","authors":"Benjamin Scott, Scott Pownall","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0022","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA synthesis and assembly techniques have enabled the creation of validated and standardized DNA parts, used for producing proteins, enzymes, and small molecules. However, most DNA parts are governed by Material Transfer Agreements, which restrict sharing and reuse for commercial purposes even in the absence of patents, bottlenecking innovation. DNA synthesis, crucial for producing new parts, also remains expensive and therefore inaccessible to most researchers. With the breakneck pace of digital innovations for designing and learning from biology, a new and more open approach to the physical building and testing of biology is needed. We propose the establishment of an Open Bio Research Alliance, to create and distribute open collections of DNA and other biological parts, combined with regulated and affordable DNA synthesis services. Focusing on Canada's bioeconomy, establishing domestic DNA synthesis infrastructure would not only secure global competitiveness in engineering biology, but also safeguard biosecurity and national sovereignty over critical resources. By harnessing and supporting existing lab automation resources, the Alliance will also help scale the building and testing of engineered biological systems. Leveraging these tools and strategies, Canada is well-positioned to lead the world in open and innovative biotechnology, paving the way for a thriving bioeconomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-evaluation of the nodulation capacity of <i>Sphingomonas sediminicola</i> DSM 18106^T indicates that this strain is not capable of inducing root nodule formation on <i>Pisum sativum</i> (pea).","authors":"George C diCenzo, Samuel M Gutmanis, Oona Esme, Lionel Moulin","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0100","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhizobia are soil-dwelling proteobacteria that can enter into symbiotic nitrogen-fixing relationships with compatible leguminous plants. Taxonomically, rhizobia are divided into alpha-rhizobia, which belong to the class <i>Alpharoteobacteria</i>, and beta-rhizobia, which belong to the class <i>Betaproteobacteria</i>. To date, all bona fide alpha-rhizobia belong to the order <i>Hyphomicrobiales</i>. However, a recent study suggested that <i>Sphingomonas sediminicola</i> DSM 18106^T is also a rhizobium and is capable of nodulating pea plants (<i>Pisum sativum</i>), which would expand the known taxonomic distribution of alpha-rhizobia to include the order <i>Sphingomonadales</i>. Here, we attempted to replicate the results of that previous study. Resequencing and computational analysis of the genome of <i>S. sediminicola</i> DSM 18106^T failed to identify genes encoding proteins involved in legume nodulation or nitrogen fixation. In addition, experimental plant assays indicated that <i>S. sediminicola</i> DSM 18106^T is unable to nodulate the two cultivars of pea tested in our study, unlike the rhizobium <i>Rhizobium johnstonii</i> 3841^T. Taken together, and in contrast to the previous study, these results suggest that <i>S. sediminicola</i> DSM 18106^T is not capable of inducing root nodule formation on pea, meaning that the taxonomic distribution of all known alpha-rhizobia remains limited to the class <i>Hyphomicrobiales</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons from the field: <i>Trichoderma</i> in agriculture and human health.","authors":"Uener Ribeiro Dos Santos, Jane Lima Dos Santos","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2024-0227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of <i>Trichoderma</i> in agriculture as both a biocontrol agent and biofertilizer hinges on its ability to colonize the rhizosphere, promote plant growth, endure adverse environments, compete for space and nutrients, and produce enzymes and secondary metabolites to mycoparasitize and infect other fungus. In humans, <i>Trichoderma</i> exhibits the capacity to infect various bodily tissues, leading to Trichodermosis. There has been a notable increase in cases ranging from superficial to fatal, invasive, and disseminated infections, particularly among immunocompromised individuals. <i>Trichoderma</i> species employ diverse strategies to colonize and survive in various environments, infecting phytopathogens; however, the mechanisms and virulence factors contributing to human infections remain poorly understood. In this mini review, we provide a brief overview and contextualization of the virulence mechanisms employed by <i>Trichoderma</i> in parasitizing other fungi, as well as those implicated in modulating plant immunity and inducing human infections. Furthermore, we discuss the similarity of these virulence factors capable of modulating the mammalian immune system and their potential implications for human infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":"71 ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional buckling model reveals the evolution of energy-driven biofilm wrinkle morphologies.","authors":"Jin Wu, Jin Li, Jiankun Wang, Xiaoling Wang","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0196","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On solid substrates, biofilms develop rich wrinkle morphologies during its growth. Based on the thin film buckling theory, we established a local three-dimensional biofilm/substrate buckling model, and explored the effects of mechanical forces, elastic modulus of the substrate, and biofilm thickness on the wrinkle morphology. We simulated the wrinkle evolution in various patterns of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> biofilm growing on agar substrates with different stiffness and found that the biofilm wrinkling process is the process of internal energy release. The stiffness of the substrate changes the wrinkling time of the biofilm; The biofilm wrinkle morphology (patterns II, III, and IV) <i>U</i>_internal and <i>U</i>_internal/<i>U</i>₀ decrease with nutrient consumption, and the biofilm evolves towards lower energy consumption. In the early stages of biofilm growth (patterns I, II, and III), the harder the agar substrate, the larger the <i>U</i>_friction and <i>U</i>_friction/<i>U</i>₀, which is less conducive to biofilm expansion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of inoculation of the sap collection system with three <i>Pseudomonadota</i> strains on maple syrup microbial and organoleptic quality.","authors":"Mérilie Gagnon, Jessica Houde, Stéphane Corriveau, Carmen Charron, Luc Lagacé","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0225","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As it flows through the collection system, maple sap is likely to be contaminated by microorganisms that colonize the tubing, potentially compromising its quality in terms of physicochemical properties, microbial load, and flavor. This study investigates the effect of microbial inoculation, as protective cultures, on the sap collection system to improve maple syrup quality. The research explored how inoculating collection tubing with specific bacterial strains influences the microbial composition, physicochemical properties (pH, Brix, conductivity, sugars, and organic acids content), and sensory attributes of both maple sap and syrup. Three strains selected for their capacity to produce biofilm on plastic tubing and their impact on maple syrup production from inoculated sap, <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. MSB2019, <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> 100-P12-9, and <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> ATCC 17926, were inoculated to independent sap collection system throughout two sugaring seasons. A non-inoculated system was included. <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. MSB2019 treatment resulted in a distinct bacterial composition in sap and impact the organoleptic properties of syrup by the end of second flow season, particularly the maple and overall flavor intensity scores were higher. While sap yield and primary microbial load remained unaffected, inoculation treatments corresponded to shifts in flavor attributes of the syrup. These findings indicate that inoculating sap collection systems with targeted strains can positively influence maple syrup quality, particularly in enhancing desirable flavor profiles, suggesting promising applications for syrup production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"M13 bacteriophage as a versatile platform for the creation of new materials via genetic engineering.","authors":"Julia Maria de Medeiros Dantas, Reefah Fahmida Kabir, Daniel Modafferi, Beyza Ozbaran, Noémie-Manuelle Dorval Courchesne","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0019","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>M13 bacteriophages form self-assembled nanorods with the ability to self-assemble into complex materials with higher-order structures. These features make them useful templates for material fabrication. Their use in soft materials, bio-nano systems, and biomedical applications is well established. For these bio-interfacial applications, it is crucial that phages remain biocompatible and their production sustainable. Here, we review the bioprocessing of M13 phages and genetic engineering strategies that retain their natural assets in nanomaterials or bulk materials. Specifically, we highlight the extensively studied fermentation process of M13 phages with <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and common downstream processing methods suitable for materials manufacturing. The ease of phage production contributes to its wide use for phage display, enabling the creation of large libraries of functional mutants. For materials purposes, genetic engineering often targets the pIII and pVIII proteins, enabling different geometries and fragment sizes. We also review common peptides displayed on phages, including arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides, used for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) probes, targeted medicine, cell regeneration, or tissue scaffolding. We study glutamate-modified phages for metal binding, biomineralization, and electronics in bulk materials. By considering self-assembly, bioprocessing, and genetic engineering, material engineers can fully harness M13 phages for diverse functional and sustainable devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> oil induces oxidative stress, stiffening of membranes, and cell wall in <i>Cryptococcus</i> spp.","authors":"Yohana Porto Calegari-Alves, Rafael Lopes da Rosa, Renata Pereira Costa, Camila Innocente-Alves, Aline Martins Faustino, John R Yates, Walter Orlando Beys-da-Silva, Lucélia Santi","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0084","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> and <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i> species complexes are the etiological agents of cryptococcosis, a disease responsible for 181 000 deaths annually worldwide due to late diagnosis and limited treatment options. Studies focusing on the identification of new substances with antifungal activity, such as essential oils (EOs), are urgently needed. While the antifungal effects of EO have already been suggested, their mechanism of action at the molecular level still requires evaluation. In this work, we assessed the molecular changes induced by the exposure of <i>Cryptococus neoformans</i> (H99) and <i>Cryptococcus deuterogatti</i> (R265) to lavender essential oil (LEO) using a morphological and proteomics approach. The identified proteins were categorized by Gene Ontology according to biological processes and molecular functions, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis was also conducted. Our findings indicate that LEO creates a stressful environment in both strains; however, the response to this stimulus differs between the two species. In <i>C. neoformans</i>, changes were observed in energy metabolism and pathways related to alternative sources of energy and oxidative stress response. In <i>C. deuterogatti</i>, changes were identified in pathways related to cellular architecture, implying that the cell underwent morphological changes such as membrane and cell wall stiffening.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional profiles and organochlorine degradation potential in microbial communities of tropical epilithic biofilms: a case study in Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles).","authors":"Anthony Gouyer, Dominique Monti, Sonia Mion, Philippe Oger, Olivier Gros","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0074","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the composition, structure, and predictive associated functions of epilithic bacteria living in the biofilms of a freshwater (FWR) and a mixed-saline (MSR) tropical river. High-throughput sequencing revealed a 69% overlap in species richness between the two sites. Cyanobacteria were dominant in freshwater, while heterotrophic classes like Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were prevalent in the mixed-saline biofilm. Predictive functional analysis (FAPROTAX) indicated greater diversity in MSR, favoring organic matter degradation and nutrient cycling, with more bacterial OTUs involved in chemoheterotrophy and hydrogen oxidation (Wilcoxon, <i>p</i> > 0.001). In contrast, FWR had a higher abundance of OTUs linked to phototrophy and degradation of aromatic compounds and plastics (Wilcoxon, <i>p</i> > 0.001). Key microbial interactions were revealed between phototrophic cyanobacteria and heterotrophs such as <i>Fulvivirga</i> (Cytophagia), suggesting a pivotal role for this genus in the carbon cycle. Additionally, bacterial species known for their ability to remove chlorine from pollutants, such as <i>Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Comamonas, Curvibacter</i>, <i>Sediminibacterium</i>, or bacterial species belonging to the Sphingomonadaceae family were more diverse and abundant in FWR site. These findings point to promising bioremediation potential driven by biofilm community activities, particularly in tropical freshwater environments impacted by organochlorine contaminants.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cecal microbiome in broiler chicken related to antimicrobial feeding and bird's sex.","authors":"Philip H W Mak, Xianhua Yin, Lindsey Clairmont, Lisa Bean-Hodgins, Elijah G Kiarie, Joshua Tang, Dion Lepp, Moussa S Diarra","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0190","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2024-0190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the cecal microbiome of broilers raised under specific antimicrobial feeding programs (AFPs). A total of 2304 day-old Ross-708 male (M, <i>n</i> = 1152) and female (F, <i>n</i> = 1152) chicks were distributed into 48 floor pens which were allocated to one of three AFPs: Conventional, raised without medically important antibiotics (RWMIA), and raised without antibiotics (RWA). At 28 (D28) and 41 (D41) days of age, cecal contents were collected for culture dependent and independent analyses. At both 28 and 41 days, <i>Enterococcus</i> was more abundant in RWA-raised broilers than other groups with the most abundance of this bacterium being found in female birds (<i>P</i> < 0.05). At D41, the most abundant <i>Eimeria tenella</i> counts was observed in RWA-raised broiler ceca (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Sex effects were observed on the abundances of four of the 248 identified antimicrobial resistance genes while abundances of 10 were modulated by AFPs (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Ceca of females birds showed more <i>tssB</i> than males, and ceca of RWMIA-raised birds contained the highest abundance of <i>chuY</i> genes regardless of sex. This study showed that in a specific feeding program, cecal resistome can be affected by chicken's sex contributing to understand the AMR related to the AMU.</p>","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}