Canadian journal of microbiology最新文献

Retention of entire genomes in Plasmodiophora brassica represents a previously unrecognized mechanism of balancing selection. 在芸苔Plasmodiophora brassica中，整个基因组的保留代表了一种以前未被认识到的平衡选择机制。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2025-0249

Bruce D Gossen, Afsaneh Sedaghatkish, Mary Ruth McDonald

{"title":"Retention of entire genomes in Plasmodiophora brassica represents a previously unrecognized mechanism of balancing selection.","authors":"Bruce D Gossen, Afsaneh Sedaghatkish, Mary Ruth McDonald","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2025-0249","url":null,"abstract":"A novel mechanism of balancing selection, a type of natural selection, in root pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae, is presented. Recent studies have demonstrated that P. brassicae retains entire genomes in its population over time. The proposed mechanism for this retention is suppression of host resistance during infection by a virulent genotype (pathotype). This suppression of resistance provides an opportunity for infection by avirulent pathotypes, which would otherwise not be able to infect and reproduce in the resistant host cultivar. In this novel mechanism, which we propose to name as beta retention, a virulent genotype (alpha genotype) opens the door for infection by avirulent genotype (beta genotypes). Under other conditions, such as a different resistant cultivar or host, the alpha genotype could function as a beta genotype and vice versa. This novel mechanism of balancing selection is distinct from existing mechanisms in that entire genomes are retained in the population; other mechanisms maintain single genes or gene clusters. Retention of whole genomes has not previously been reported, probably because it occurs only in microbial plant pathogens and the beta genotypes could only be identified using whole-genome sequences. Beta retention is proposed as a separate mechanism of balancing selection.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Azospirillum brasilense and tomato exudate or cytidine increase phytopathogen resistance and modulate phyllosphere/rhizosphere. 巴西固氮螺旋菌和番茄胞苷增加植物病原菌抗性，调节根际/根际。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-28 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2026-0032

Janice Tagoe, Bidya Ojha, Shelley M Horne, Birgit Pruess

{"title":"Azospirillum brasilense and tomato exudate or cytidine increase phytopathogen resistance and modulate phyllosphere/rhizosphere.","authors":"Janice Tagoe, Bidya Ojha, Shelley M Horne, Birgit Pruess","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2026-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2026-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Tomatoes are an important crop worldwide and phytopathogens can cause devastating losses. This study describes a treatment, consisting of Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 and either tomato seedling exudate or the exudate compound cytidine. The combination of A. brasilense Sp7 with cytidine showed a remarkable reduction of 83.4% in disease severity of tomatoes challenged with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Replacing cytidine with exudate was less effective at 71%, but the reduction in disease severity was still larger than by A. brasilense Sp7 alone at 55%. This reduction in disease severity was not paralleled by a decrease in P. syringae in leaf homogenates. Cytidine caused a 6.7 fold increase in A. brasilense Sp7 16S rDNA in root homogenates. In phyllosphere and rhizosphere, treatments modulated the microbial composition. In the phyllosphere, specific associations between treatment groups and bacterial orders could be computed. In the rhizosphere, principal component analysis revealed that variation along PC1 was dominated by the presence or absence of A. brasilense. Intriguingly, the inoculant caused an increase in the abundance of other Azospirillales species.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Core-genome multi-locus sequence types of the IncI1 plasmids identified in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars Heidelberg and Kentucky from Canadian poultry production are associated with factors related to production, year, and geographical region. 肠炎沙门氏菌IncI1质粒核心基因组多位点序列类型分析。来自加拿大家禽生产的海德堡和肯塔基的肠道血清型与生产、年份和地理区域相关的因素有关。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-28 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2026-0003

Benjamin Hetman, David L Pearl, Richard Reid-Smith, Jane Parmley, Eduardo Taboada

{"title":"Core-genome multi-locus sequence types of the IncI1 plasmids identified in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars Heidelberg and Kentucky from Canadian poultry production are associated with factors related to production, year, and geographical region.","authors":"Benjamin Hetman, David L Pearl, Richard Reid-Smith, Jane Parmley, Eduardo Taboada","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2026-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2026-0003","url":null,"abstract":"The IncI1 plasmid is an important driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella enterica collected from human and poultry sources in Canada. In the present study, isolates of S. enterica subsp. enterica serovars Heidelberg (n = 1791) and Kentucky (n = 266), collected over 15 years of surveillance of Canadian poultry production, were subjected to whole-genome sequencing, from which IncI1 plasmid sequences were identified and extracted for genomic and epidemiological analyses. Extracted IncI1 sequences (n = 1123) were used to construct a novel plasmid core-genome multilocus sequence typing (pcgMLST) scheme, which was applied to a subset of plasmids specifically from chicken production (n = 940). From the pcgMLST analysis, four IncI1 genomic groups were identified, corroborated by differences in AMR potential and allelic diversity within and between groups. These groups were used to inform a multilevel multinomial model, which revealed associations with sampling year, location, and production stage. Taken together, this work demonstrates that IncI1 plasmid population dynamics in S. Heidelberg and S. Kentucky circulating in Canadian poultry production are complex and influenced by multiple factors driving dissemination across Canada.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gulls as Reservoirs and Vectors of High-Risk, Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli in Atlantic Canada: Emergence of CMY-2-Producing ST648. 加拿大大西洋地区海鸥作为高风险、耐多药大肠杆菌的宿主和载体：产cmy -2的ST648的出现

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-21 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2025-0240

Rym Ben Sallem, Oussama Bouallegue, Talia Quinlan, Micheline Theriault, Mohammadi Kaouass, Shawn Craik, Alex Wong

{"title":"Gulls as Reservoirs and Vectors of High-Risk, Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli in Atlantic Canada: Emergence of CMY-2-Producing ST648.","authors":"Rym Ben Sallem, Oussama Bouallegue, Talia Quinlan, Micheline Theriault, Mohammadi Kaouass, Shawn Craik, Alex Wong","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2025-0240","url":null,"abstract":"Gulls (Larus spp.) are key reservoirs and vectors of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We characterized extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated AmpCproducing Escherichia coli from Great Black-backed (Larus marinus) and American Herring (Larus smithsonianus) gulls in Nova Scotia, Canada. From 100 fecal samples, 34 cefotaxime-resistant isolates were recovered: 29 ESBL and 5 AmpC producers. Detected, and blaCMY-2 + blaTEM-1C (n = 1).. Additional resistance genes conferred resistance to sulfonamides (sul2/sul3), trimethoprim (dfrA14/dfrA17), tetracyclines (tet(A)/tet(B)), aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol (floR), macrolides (mph(A)), lincosamides (lnu(F)), and quinolones (qnrS), complemented by chromosomal mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE. The isolates represented phylogroups A (n=10), B1 (n=18), and D (n=6), and high-risk sequence types including ST155 (n=12), ST744 (n=7), ST224 (n=4), and ST648 (n=3). Plasmid analysis revealed a high replicon burden (≥3 in 70.6% of isolates), primarily IncFIB (70.6%), Col (58.8%), and IncI (50.0%). Key virulence factors detected were fimH (97.1%), lpfA (73.5%), fyuA (47.1%), and iss (38.2%). These results demonstrate that synanthropic gulls in Atlantic Canada carry multidrug-resistant ESBL/AmpC E. coli from globally significant clones, underscoring their role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance within a One Health context.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bacterial changes and quality deterioration of freshwater shellfish Hyriopsis cumingii meat under different temperature storage. 不同贮藏温度下淡水贝三角帆蚌肉的细菌变化及品质劣化

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2025-0056

Yuntao Li, Huan Li, Chaotian Lv, Xinyuan Hu, Bin Zhang

{"title":"Bacterial changes and quality deterioration of freshwater shellfish Hyriopsis cumingii meat under different temperature storage.","authors":"Yuntao Li, Huan Li, Chaotian Lv, Xinyuan Hu, Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0056","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0056","url":null,"abstract":"Hyriopsis cumingii is an important economic freshwater shellfish in China and there is a need to understand changes in the microbial community structure resulting in multidimensional quality degradation when the fish is stored at different temperatures. This study integrated 16S rRNA full-length sequencing with multidimensional quality indicators to investigate the temperature-regulated bacterial community shifts and quality deterioration mechanisms in stored H. cumingii meat. The results showed that bacterial richness (Chao1 index) decreased progressively with both refrigerated (4 °C) and room-temperature (25 °C) storage. Community composition underwent significant restructuring, with Bacteroidota decreasing at 25 °C while Bacillota increased compared to 4 °C storage. Additionally, the refrigerated group showed enrichment of Delftia turuhatensis and Chryseobacterium indologenes compared to the room-temperature storage group. Temperature significantly restructured bacterial communities, with notably higher pathogenic bacteria under refrigeration and spoilage bacteria dominance at room temperature. Metagenomic functional profiling revealed temperature-driven metabolic pathway divergence, indicating distinct spoilage mechanism. Predictable quality changes in H. cumingii correlated with temperature-imposed microbial composition.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145773715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological control of the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici-a review. 土传真菌病原尖孢镰刀菌的生物防治。番茄——综述。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2025-0232

Vandana Anand, Udit Yadav

{"title":"Biological control of the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici-a review.","authors":"Vandana Anand, Udit Yadav","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0232","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0232","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most widely cultivated vegetables worldwide, yet its productivity is severely constrained by Fusarium wilt caused by FOL. The pathogen invades the root system and vascular tissues, leading to systemic wilting, plant collapse, and significant yield losses. Although chemical fungicides have been extensively used for management, their long-term effectiveness is declining due to the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains and the associated environmental and health hazards. This growing challenge underscores the urgent need for sustainable alternatives. In this review, we critically synthesize recent advances in the biological control of FOL, focusing on antagonistic fungi, beneficial bacteria, and the role of organic amendments in creating suppressive soils. Unlike earlier reviews that address these components separately, we emphasize their integration within holistic disease management frameworks. We also highlight promising directions, including microbial consortia, molecular insights into pathogen-antagonist interactions, and the potential of combining biological control with precision agriculture tools. Collectively, these strategies offer a sustainable pathway for mitigating Fusarium wilt and ensuring resilient tomato production systems.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145573101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deciphering the interrelation of gut microbiota and BMI in atherosclerosis: a metagenomic approach. 解读动脉粥样硬化中肠道微生物群和BMI的相互关系：一种宏基因组方法。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2025-0075

Hema Palanisamy, Subramanian Vidyalakshmi

{"title":"Deciphering the interrelation of gut microbiota and BMI in atherosclerosis: a metagenomic approach.","authors":"Hema Palanisamy, Subramanian Vidyalakshmi","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0075","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0075","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a global health concern, leading to higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Gut microbial dysbiosis significantly contributes to obesity related ASCVD. However, the interrelation of gut microbiome in driving obesity or overweight mediated ASCVD has not been sufficiently investigated. To unravel this complex interplay, we have compared the gut microbial shotgun metagenome data of ASCVD subjects across normal BMI (Body Mass Index) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) BMI categories. We identified a distinct gut microbial composition and function in normal and OW/OB ASCVD subjects. Using gut microbial abundance, a machine learning model was built to predict ASCVD in the normal and OW/OB samples. The gut microbiome-based signature for ASCVD discrimination was achieved with an AUC of 0.87 and 0.83 for distinguishing control and ASCVD in normal and OW/OB BMI groups, respectively. In addition, we have also identified that Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus could act as a prognostic organism in identifying OW/OB associated ASCVD. Therefore, an appropriate diet could modify the ASCVD contributing gut microbiome, hence minimizing the risk of ASCVD in OW/OB individuals.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145630292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epinephrine and norepinephrine affect the cellular morphology, composition, and structure of Gallibacterium anatis biofilm. 肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素影响细菌生物膜的细胞形态、组成和结构。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2025-0135

Alicia N Aguilar-Fuentes, J Fernando Montes-García, Martha O Salcedo-Álvarez, Patricia Sánchez-Alonso, Candelario Vázquez-Cruz, Lourdes Rojas, Erika P Meneses-Romero, Erasmo Negrete-Abascal

{"title":"Epinephrine and norepinephrine affect the cellular morphology, composition, and structure of Gallibacterium anatis biofilm.","authors":"Alicia N Aguilar-Fuentes, J Fernando Montes-García, Martha O Salcedo-Álvarez, Patricia Sánchez-Alonso, Candelario Vázquez-Cruz, Lourdes Rojas, Erika P Meneses-Romero, Erasmo Negrete-Abascal","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0135","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0135","url":null,"abstract":"Gallibacterium anatis is a Gram-negative bacterium that is a pathogen and part of the microbiome of both domestic and wild birds. It is also the cause of reproductive infections, primarily when birds are stressed. Its pathogenicity has been associated with the expression of virulence factors. The effect of epinephrine (Epi) and norepinephrine (NEpi) hormones on the composition and structure of G. anatis biofilms is evaluated here. Catecholamines induced compaction and fragmentation of biofilms at 24 h. Biofilm amount diminishes (50%) by NEpi. At 48 h, biofilm fragments are immersed in exopolymer material, and the control biofilm shows a high quantity of filamentous cells, not observed with hormones. Enzymatic digestion of biofilm polymers showed increased protein levels in the presence of Epi at 24 or 48 h and NEpi at 24 or 72 h. Epi increased carbohydrate quantity, but NEpi diminished, and DNA quantities diminished at 48 h by Epi. Epi diminishes the expression of proteins in the 70-200 kDa range but increases the expression of secreted proteins. NEpi induces proteolytic activity in the range of 20-110 kDa. A 55 kDa protease was induced at 72 h by both hormones. Gallibacterium anatis biofilm changes could be significant in its dispersion and pathogenesis.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145660462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the diversity of bacterial holdfast polar adhesins from Québec aquatic environments. 探究曲海水生环境中细菌固结极性粘附素的多样性。

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2025-0310

Cecile Berne, Marin Debidour, Matteo Paniconi, Nathaniel Danis, Emily D Sprowls, Kathryn Kavanagh, Laura Gilbert, Yves V Brun

{"title":"Exploring the diversity of bacterial holdfast polar adhesins from Québec aquatic environments.","authors":"Cecile Berne, Marin Debidour, Matteo Paniconi, Nathaniel Danis, Emily D Sprowls, Kathryn Kavanagh, Laura Gilbert, Yves V Brun","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0310","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0310","url":null,"abstract":"Biofilms are complex microbial communities that adhere to surfaces, often in response to their environment. Irreversible attachment in these biofilms is mediated by bacterial adhesins, and, in many Alphaproteobacteria, those adhesins are located at the cell pole. To examine the prevalence and natural variation of polar adhesins, 76 water samples were collected across Québec through a citizen science initiative. Environmental isolates were screened for their ability to form biofilms, and strains exhibiting polar attachment were selected. A subset of 21 representative strains was used for phenotypic assays and whole-genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that most belonged to the order Caulobacterales, and microscopic characterization indicated variability in the polysaccharide composition of polar adhesins in these environmental strains. By integrating citizen science-driven sample collection, comparative genomics, and phenotypic assays, this work establishes a unique framework for linking microbial ecology to molecular mechanisms of adhesion. Our results highlight intra-order natural variations in polar adhesin structure and composition. Such variations may be signatures of adaptive adhesive performances across diverse environments. These findings not only advance the understanding of biofilm biology but also open avenues for bio-inspired applications, including the development of next-generation adhesives and anti-biofouling materials.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147484652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mass mortalities caused by different genotypes of HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in colony breeding Black-headed Gulls and Sandwich Terns in Denmark 2022 and 2023. 2022年和2023年不同基因型HPAIV H5N1分支2.3.4.4b在丹麦黑头鸥和燕鸥群体繁殖中的大规模死亡

IF 1.6 4区生物学

Canadian journal of microbiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2025-0182

Charlotte Kristiane Hjulsager, Yuan Liang, Casper Thorup, Lars Erik Larsen, Tim Kåre Jensen, Solvej Breum, Thomas Bregnballe

{"title":"Mass mortalities caused by different genotypes of HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in colony breeding Black-headed Gulls and Sandwich Terns in Denmark 2022 and 2023.","authors":"Charlotte Kristiane Hjulsager, Yuan Liang, Casper Thorup, Lars Erik Larsen, Tim Kåre Jensen, Solvej Breum, Thomas Bregnballe","doi":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0182","DOIUrl":"10.1139/cjm-2025-0182","url":null,"abstract":"Unprecedented seabird mass mortality events (MMEs) were reported in multiple European countries in 2022 and 2023. These events were attributed to Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). In Denmark, populations of Sandwich Terns (Thalasseus sandvicensis) and Black-headed Gulls (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) were significantly impacted. Sandwich Tern mortality occurred primarily between May and June of 2022 and was caused by the HPAIV genotype EA-AB. From 2022 to 2023, Danish Sandwich Tern populations decreased by 36%. Sandwich Terns commonly nest within Black-headed Gull colonies, allowing for direct contact between the species. Despite their proximity, in 2022, neither adults nor chicks of Black-headed Gulls exhibited morbidity associated with HPAIV. During the autumn of 2022 and the winter 2022/23 a novel clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAIV, genotype EA-BB, emerged in Black-headed Gulls. The new genotype caused the death of at least 3000 adult Black-headed Gulls in Denmark (i.e., >1.8% of the Danish breeding population) in the spring of 2023. Notably, in 2023 Sandwich Tern chicks, but not adults, in contact with Black-headed Gulls were affected by mass mortality. These observations suggest that adult Terns in 2023 were less susceptible to HPAIV infection, mitigating the impact of MMEs.","PeriodicalId":9381,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0