BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-03-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005379
Patrycja Dynarowicz-Latka, Anita Wnętrzak, Anna Chachaj-Brekiesz, Vladislav Maliugin
{"title":"Mimicking nature: Models of lipid membranes created with the Langmuir monolayer technique: A review of lipid membrane composition.","authors":"Patrycja Dynarowicz-Latka, Anita Wnętrzak, Anna Chachaj-Brekiesz, Vladislav Maliugin","doi":"10.1116/6.0005379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0005379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Langmuir monolayer technique has proven to be an effective method for constructing lipid-based models of cell membranes. Compared to other artificial membrane systems, such as liposomes or supported lipid bilayers, it offers a relatively simple and versatile approach to reconstructing lipid components of biological membranes and systematically modifying their composition. The technique allows precise control over experimental parameters such as surface pressure and temperature, which influence the physical state and organization of lipid monolayers. Lipid monolayer models are widely used to investigate molecular interactions at membrane interfaces, including the effects of biomolecules or xenobiotics on membrane properties, identification of potential molecular targets of drugs, and evaluation of mechanisms underlying their pharmacological activity or toxicity. While the successful application of the monolayer technique in lipid membrane modeling has been extensively reported in the literature, comprehensive discussions of lipid compositions for modeling various membrane types-such as eukaryotic, prokaryotic, viral, and pathological membranes-remain limited. In particular, systematic descriptions of lipid mixtures used to model membranes characteristic of eukaryotic cells, prokaryotes, viruses, or pathological states are limited. The aim of this review is to address this gap by summarizing lipid compositions used in Langmuir monolayer models designed to mimic different biological membrane types.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-03-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005132
Chanyong Seo, Sang-Soon Kim, Heonyong Park, Youngsik Seo, Myounghyeon Kyoung, Sujeong Jang, Hong Ja Kim, Yun Je Song, Yong Ki Cho, Sunyoung Sohn, Hyewon Han, Namwuk Baek, Donggeun Jung
{"title":"Improving resistance to biliary stent occlusion by surface hydrophilization and amidation through plasma treatment to the inner surface of polyethylene tubes.","authors":"Chanyong Seo, Sang-Soon Kim, Heonyong Park, Youngsik Seo, Myounghyeon Kyoung, Sujeong Jang, Hong Ja Kim, Yun Je Song, Yong Ki Cho, Sunyoung Sohn, Hyewon Han, Namwuk Baek, Donggeun Jung","doi":"10.1116/6.0005132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0005132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biliary stents are medical devices inserted into the bile duct to treat biliary strictures. However, inserted stents can become occluded within a few months after placement. In this study, the inner surface of a polyethylene (PE) tube was plasma-treated with helium (He), nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), and their gas mixtures to improve resistance to stent occlusion. Surface characteristics were analyzed by water contact angle (WCA) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. In the WCA results, bare PE without plasma treatment was the most hydrophobic at 100.7°, whereas PE(He) plasma-treated with He gas became the most hydrophilic at 26.1°. XPS deconvolution analysis revealed that the PE(He) and PE(He/N2) contained a considerable proportion of O 1s present as amide (-CONH-) groups exceeding 40%, whereas the other samples had proportions below 7%. The resistance to stent occlusion was verified through microbial and cancer cell adhesion assays. In the microbial adhesion assay, Escherichia coli (E. coli) was used, and PE(He) showed a statistically significant reduction in E. coli growth compared to bare PE. Inhibition of cancer cell adhesion was the most pronounced in PE(He) and PE(He/N2), with reductions in fluorescence intensities of 75.5% and 81.5%, respectively. Overall, both surface hydrophilization and amidation were found to be effective in inhibiting the adhesion of organic contaminants. It was proposed that plasma surface treatment has the potential to improve resistance to biliary stent occlusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005034
Wencke Krings, Bernhard Hausdorf, Stanislav N Gorb
{"title":"Ecomechanics of mollusks' radula.","authors":"Wencke Krings, Bernhard Hausdorf, Stanislav N Gorb","doi":"10.1116/6.0005034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0005034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mollusks, and their particularly diverse class Gastropoda, owe much of their ecological success due to the evolution of their radula-a specialized feeding apparatus. This structure, composed of a chitinous membrane and sometimes mineralized teeth, plays a critical role in food acquisition and processing across a wide range of habitats. The radula's morphology, material composition, and mechanical properties exhibit remarkable diversity and functional optimization, shaped by millions of years of evolutionary refinement. Adaptive variations in tooth shape, composite material content (often rich in iron, calcium, silicon, or other elements), mechanical properties, and coordinated interaction among radular components enable mollusks to withstand strong contact forces, minimize structural failure and tooth wear, and thrive in distinct ecological niches. This review synthesizes current insights into the structure and mechanical properties of the radula teeth, highlighting its adaptations to the preferred ingesta and the functional principles of the teeth. In the course of adaptation to similar physical constraints of the ingesta, different solutions evolved independently. Besides main aspects interesting for ecological research and organismic biology, the radula's structural intelligence and efficiency present a rich source of inspiration for biomimetic innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146155981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005056
Kavindi Madduma Hewage, Carlos Munoz, Mehmet Ozdogan, Catherine A Brissette, Nuri Oncel
{"title":"Interaction dynamics of borrelia surface proteins with fibronectin.","authors":"Kavindi Madduma Hewage, Carlos Munoz, Mehmet Ozdogan, Catherine A Brissette, Nuri Oncel","doi":"10.1116/6.0005056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0005056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi (B. burgdorferi), is a significant public health concern in North America, with approximately 500 000 cases reported annually in the United States. The dissemination of B. burgdorferi from the initial tick bite site to various tissues is facilitated by surface adhesins that bind to extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin (Fn). This study investigates the binding dynamics of B. burgdorferi surface proteins RevA, BBK32, BmpA, OspA, FlaB, and OspC to Fn using atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate that RevA and BBK32 form strong, stable bonds with Fn, highlighting their roles as key mediators of host-cell attachment. By quantifying the rupture forces and kinetic parameters of these interactions, we provide a deeper understanding of B. burgdorferi adhesion mechanics and offer insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting early bacterial attachment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D Bioprinting for structural and functional skin regeneration: Technologies, bioinks, and key challenges.","authors":"Tian Jiao, Zhaoning Wang, Guiquan Han, Cong Liu, Chao He, Shibang Ma","doi":"10.1116/6.0004978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0004978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the body's largest organ and primary protective barrier, skin is critical for maintaining physiological homeostasis. Severe skin injuries pose a major global healthcare challenge, with hundreds of thousands of annual deaths attributed to limited transplantable skin availability. 3D bioprinting has emerged as a revolutionary approach to fabricate biomimetic, anatomically precise skin constructs. This review summarizes the research progress of 3D bioprinting in skin structural and functional regeneration: it systematically assesses five core bioprinting technologies (extrusion, inkjet, stereolithography, laser-induced forward transfer, and in situ printing) along with their advantages and limitations in skin fabrication; outlines advancements in skin-specific bioinks (biomaterials, skin cells, growth factors and medicines) and their regulatory roles in regeneration; and discusses achievements and challenges in reconstructing skin vasculature, and pigmentation. Finally, current bottlenecks and future directions for achieving complete structural and functional skin regeneration via 3D bioprinting are comprehensively addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0004809
Gilad Zorn, Felix I Simonovsky, Jeremy Brison, Shin Muramoto, Buddy D Ratner, David G Castner
{"title":"Hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation of linear segmented polyurethane block copolymers studied by ToF-SIMS and atomic force microscopy.","authors":"Gilad Zorn, Felix I Simonovsky, Jeremy Brison, Shin Muramoto, Buddy D Ratner, David G Castner","doi":"10.1116/6.0004809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0004809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation of linear segmented polyurethanes with differing compositions were studied by atomic force microscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy. Poly (ester urethane urea)s (PEUUs) with two different molecular ratios of polycaprolactone diol (PCL) soft segments and L-lysine diisocyanate/hydrazine hard segments were exposed to aqueous conditions (water or phosphate buffered saline), and the changes in their surface chemistry and morphology were studied. It was found that polymer surface roughness in aqueous conditions is significantly affected by its bulk composition. After soaking in an aqueous buffer solution, the surface of PEUU with higher PCL concentration became significantly rougher compared to PEUU with lower PCL concentration. This surface roughening can be attributed to PCL lost from the surface during hydrolytic degradation. Despite the surface roughness changes, the rate of the hydrolytic degradation of PEUUs was found to be independent of bulk polymer composition. Enzymatic degradation of a linear segmented PEUU containing an oligopeptide segment [poly(peptide urethane urea) (PPUU)] in a collagenase solution was also investigated. The PPUU oligopeptide segment contained proline, hydroxyproline, and glycine amino acids. In a collagenase solution, the PPUU polymer exhibited a significantly higher degradation rate and surface roughness compared to a PEUU polymer that did not contain the oligopeptide segment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145602166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0004849
Nuwan H Arachchi, Luca Russo, Paul J Molino, Son Lam Phung, Takayuki Uchihashi, Michael J Higgins
{"title":"Single-molecule dynamics of fibrinogen and bovine serum albumin adsorption on silica nanoparticle coatings observed using high-speed atomic force microscopy.","authors":"Nuwan H Arachchi, Luca Russo, Paul J Molino, Son Lam Phung, Takayuki Uchihashi, Michael J Higgins","doi":"10.1116/6.0004849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0004849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) was used to directly visualize the single-molecule adsorption dynamics of fibrinogen (FG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) on atomically smooth mica and on silica nanoparticle (SiNP) coatings. By capturing the motion of individual proteins against a static background, HS-AFM enables the resolution of key dynamic processes, including surface diffusion, conformational adaptation, binding and unbinding events, and interfacial fluctuations on nanostructured surfaces. The results revealed two distinct, protein-specific adsorption mechanisms on SiNP coatings. BSA adsorbed via strong protein-surface interactions that promoted conformational adaptation and localized shell-like coverage of individual nanoparticles-progressively occupying interparticle interstices but leaving the overall nanoparticle topography visible. In contrast, FG adsorption followed a concentration-dependent, two-stage process; proteins first adsorbing directly to the nanoparticle surface, and at higher coverages, associated via protein-protein interactions, producing a secondary, dynamic, and loosely bound outer layer. This FG protein layer reduced the root-mean-square roughness of the underlying surface from a peak of ∼13.2 to ∼7.8 nm while introducing pronounced molecular-level fluctuations at the interface, as inferred from tip-induced smearing in HS-AFM images. These findings demonstrate that the relevant biological interface is not a static substrate, but a dynamic, structurally defined protein layer, whose properties are dictated by both nanoscale surface topography and the characteristics of the adsorbing proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145602194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0004915
Asma Eskhan, Bong-Jae Park, Ala' Abu-Lail, Nehal I Abu-Lail
{"title":"Comparison of the adhesive and conformational properties of the cell surface biopolymer brush of pathogenic and nonpathogenic species of Listeria.","authors":"Asma Eskhan, Bong-Jae Park, Ala' Abu-Lail, Nehal I Abu-Lail","doi":"10.1116/6.0004915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0004915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial strains can be divided into pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. Distinguishing between the characteristics of these two types will help us understand the mechanisms that bacteria use to cause infections. Thus, the differences in the adhesion to a model hydrophilic silicon nitride surface and in the conformational properties between pathogenic and nonpathogenic Listeria species were probed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM force-distance approach curves were fitted to two steric models, the steric model and the extended-steric model, which assume the presence of one or two brushes on the bacterial cell surface, respectively. Our results indicated that no significant differences were noticed in the mean adhesion forces measured for pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains using the silicon nitride model surface. However, a larger number of adhesion peaks was found in the AFM retraction curves of the pathogenic strains. Similarly, when the conformational properties, represented by the mean thickness and the mean grafting density of the biopolymer brush, were determined using the steric model, no significant differences were observed between the pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. However, when the conformational properties, represented by the mean thickness and the mean grafting density of the two brush layers, were quantified using the extended-steric model, it was found that the pathogenic strains had a lower mean grafting density for the first long brush and a higher mean grafting density for the second short brush. Thus, our findings demonstrate that the extended-steric model provides a more detailed view of the conformational properties of Gram-positive Listeria strains and allows for the detection of existing differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0004766
Haiyan Tang, Dan Zhao, Juzhong Tian
{"title":"Enhanced osteogenic activities of magnesium-containing nanowire modified-titanium surface via macrophage immunomodulation.","authors":"Haiyan Tang, Dan Zhao, Juzhong Tian","doi":"10.1116/6.0004766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0004766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to synthesize modified magnesium nanowire (Ti-NW-Mg) on the surface of titanium implants and to investigate its effects on bone binding by regulating macrophage polarization in vitro. The Ti-NW-Mg was synthesized from smooth titanium (CP-Ti) by hydrofluoric acid etching and high temperature alkalization, and then through the displacement reaction of magnesium sulfate solution with the titanium surface. The control groups were CP-Ti, sandblasted and etched with acid titanium (Ti-SLA), and only for micro/nano-modified titanium surfaces (Ti-NW). The physicochemical properties of the Ti-NW-Mg surface were examined. The biological effects of materials on RAW264.7 cells were compared, and the effects on osteogenesis by mediating RAW264.7 polarization were discussed. We observed the effect of the materials on osteogenesis through immunohistochemistry. In this experiment, the Ti-NW-Mg surface was interwoven into a nanotopological network, which released a specific concentration of magnesium ions and had good hydrophilicity. Compared to CP-Ti, Ti-SLA, and Ti-NW, Ti-NW-Mg reduced the proliferation of macrophages on the surface, inhibited inflammation, regulated macrophage polarization, and promoted bone formation. Ti-NW-Mg reduced the proliferation and adhesion of macrophages and decreased the release of inflammatory factors from macrophages. These results provide an essential experimental basis for the effect of Ti-NW-Mg on improving implant osteogenesis and increasing the implant success rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0004827
Kwang-Won Park, Rong Yang
{"title":"Vapor-deposited polymer interfaces for high-resolution imaging and bio-integration.","authors":"Kwang-Won Park, Rong Yang","doi":"10.1116/6.0004827","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0004827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vapor-deposited polymer films offer a solvent-free, scalable route to engineer optically functional biointerfaces with tunable geometry. Recently developed technologies, such as condensed droplet polymerization (CDP), enable the direct fabrication of polymer dome arrays (PDAs) with precise control over size, curvature, and array density, as key parameters for high-resolution imaging and cellular compatibility. This perspective highlights the unique advantages of CDP-based microlenses as solid immersion lenses for live-cell imaging, pointing to their potential integration into tissue scaffolds, point-of-care diagnostics, and drug delivery platforms. We further discuss how polymeric material selection could enable refractive index tuning, mechanical adaptability, and biocompatibility for diverse biological applications. These capabilities position CDP-fabricated microlenses as a multifunctional platform for high-resolution imaging and for exploring how precisely engineered surface curvatures influence curvature-mediated signaling, mechano-transduction, and intracellular communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}