BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-05-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005382
Masakazu Iwasaka
{"title":"Biomimetic illumination enhancement inspired by guanine platelets in the photophore surface of the deep-sea bristlemouth Sigmops gracilis.","authors":"Masakazu Iwasaka","doi":"10.1116/6.0005382","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0005382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Efficient illumination and light management are increasingly important in modern society. Biomimetic strategies inspired by biological optical systems have, therefore, attracted considerable attention for the development of novel photonic devices. This study investigates light control mechanisms in the photophores of the bioluminescent deep-sea bristlemouth Sigmops gracilis (Gonostomatidae). The reflection and scattering properties of photophores were examined under external illumination. Strong light scattering from guanine platelets was observed on the photophore surface. The observed scattering behavior was successfully reproduced using a biomimetic model consisting of multiple aligned thin chambers containing guanine platelets suspended in water, demonstrating that multilayered platelet assemblies significantly enhance reflectivity. These results indicate that the accumulation of guanine platelets at the photophore surface contributes to increased light intensity around the photophore. In addition, guanine platelets exhibiting anisotropic directional scattering, similar to that observed on the fish body surface, were reconstructed using a magnetic rotation method. Together with previous findings on internal photophore components, these results suggest that external photophore structures in bioluminescent deep-sea fish provide an effective biomimetic strategy for the efficient reuse and redirection of light emitted from photocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148027005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-05-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005546
Ravindra Pandey, K Ganapathy Ayappa
{"title":"Biointerfaces in India.","authors":"Ravindra Pandey, K Ganapathy Ayappa","doi":"10.1116/6.0005546","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0005546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This Special Topic Collection brings together a diverse and timely collection of contributions that reflect the expanding frontiers of biointerfaces research in India. We are deeply grateful to all the authors for their contributions. This collection explores themes that are both fundamental in scope and closely aligned with pressing biomedical challenges, including cancer metastasis, drug delivery, genetic disorders, and biomaterials design. We briefly highlight the key findings in each of the contributions that make up this collection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-05-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005440
Guo-Zhen Wang, Xiao-Nan Hou, Duo Tang, Tie Zhang, Zhi-Xiang Zhou
{"title":"Development and validation of a low-cost, direct-current-based biosensor for real-time monitoring of transendothelial electrical resistance in cell barriers.","authors":"Guo-Zhen Wang, Xiao-Nan Hou, Duo Tang, Tie Zhang, Zhi-Xiang Zhou","doi":"10.1116/6.0005440","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0005440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Real-time monitoring of biological barrier integrity is crucial for drug development and disease modeling. The gold-standard technique, transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), is often limited by the cost and complexity of commercial alternating current systems. To address this, we developed a novel, low-cost biosensor based on a direct current (DC) series voltage division principle, featuring custom hardware and open-source firmware. Validation demonstrated a wide dynamic range (155-105 600 Ω cm2) and high accuracy (±3%). The device showed excellent correlation with a commercial EVOM3 system in monitoring TEER trends during endothelial barrier formation and oxidative stress-induced disruption. Biosensor readings were consistent with barrier kinetics captured by xCelligence RTCA and live-cell imaging. Furthermore, a strong negative correlation was established between decreasing TEER values and increasing paracellular leakage of sodium fluorescein. These results collectively validate our DC-based system as a reliable, accurate, and accessible tool for quantifying in vitro barrier integrity, with significant potential to democratize research in biomedicine and toxicology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-05-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005368
Wencke Krings, Bernhard Hausdorf, Stanislav N Gorb
{"title":"Shell damage and mandible mechanics in the ant Messor wasmanni.","authors":"Wencke Krings, Bernhard Hausdorf, Stanislav N Gorb","doi":"10.1116/6.0005368","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0005368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ant middens represent accumulations of discarded materials and provide insight into colony-level foraging and processing behavior. While middens of granivorous ants are typically dominated by plant material, animal remains are occasionally present, yet their origin and mechanical basis remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the occurrence of gastropod shells in an external midden of the harvester ant Messor wasmanni and evaluated ant mandible mechanics to provide some background for shell fracturing. Midden material was collected during three sampling events and sorted by material type and size. Snail shells were identified to either genus or species level, fracture locations were documented, and representative shells were fractured experimentally using major worker mandibles to quantify shell-breaking forces. The forces varied widely depending on snail species, growth stage, and fracture location, with juvenile shells and mechanically weak regions fracturing at substantially lower forces than adult shells or their reinforced regions. Nanoindentation revealed strong regional and caste-specific differences in mandible mechanical properties, with highest hardness and Young's modulus at the masticatory margin of major workers. Elemental analyses showed enrichment of zinc and other metals in cutting edges, consistent with enhanced wear resistance. This study integrates ecological, mechanical, and material data to provide a mechanistic framework for interpreting snail shell occurrence in ant middens.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147866771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-05-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005223
Thaddeus W Golbek, Mette H Rasmussen, Mikkel Bregnhøj, Thomas Boesen, Taner Drace, Ryan Faase, Joe E Baio, Tobias Weidner
{"title":"Binding and orientation of ice nucleating proteins on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces probed by photoelectron spectroscopies.","authors":"Thaddeus W Golbek, Mette H Rasmussen, Mikkel Bregnhøj, Thomas Boesen, Taner Drace, Ryan Faase, Joe E Baio, Tobias Weidner","doi":"10.1116/6.0005223","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0005223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specialized bacteria can effectively nucleate ice crystals using ice nucleating proteins (INPs) anchored to the cell surface. Biogenic freezing has several applications, from snow making to cryo-medicine and freeze/antifreeze materials. For biomimetic designs of INP analogs, it is important to understand how the proteins involved in the process bind to material surfaces. In this study, we determine the binding of a model INP to hydrophobic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as well as hydrophilic carboxyl-terminated SAMs. INPs are large proteins with more than 1200 amino acids and a long series of repeat units. Since full-length INPs are difficult to produce and handle, we have investigated a shorter model INP dubbed InaZ9R, which has nine repeat units and still folds into the hallmark beta-helix structure known from the full-length protein. Combining x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, we find that InaZ9R form closely packed monolayers on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. Angle-resolved nitrogen K-edge near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectra show a high degree of orientational order associated with the native β-sheet structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147970253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-03-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005379
Patrycja Dynarowicz-Latka, Anita Wnętrzak, Anna Chachaj-Brekiesz, Vladislav Maliugin
{"title":"Mimicking nature: Models of lipid membranes created with the Langmuir monolayer technique: A review of lipid membrane composition.","authors":"Patrycja Dynarowicz-Latka, Anita Wnętrzak, Anna Chachaj-Brekiesz, Vladislav Maliugin","doi":"10.1116/6.0005379","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0005379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Langmuir monolayer technique has proven to be an effective method for constructing lipid-based models of cell membranes. Compared to other artificial membrane systems, such as liposomes or supported lipid bilayers, it offers a relatively simple and versatile approach to reconstructing lipid components of biological membranes and systematically modifying their composition. The technique allows precise control over experimental parameters such as surface pressure and temperature, which influence the physical state and organization of lipid monolayers. Lipid monolayer models are widely used to investigate molecular interactions at membrane interfaces, including the effects of biomolecules or xenobiotics on membrane properties, identification of potential molecular targets of drugs, and evaluation of mechanisms underlying their pharmacological activity or toxicity. While the successful application of the monolayer technique in lipid membrane modeling has been extensively reported in the literature, comprehensive discussions of lipid compositions for modeling various membrane types-such as eukaryotic, prokaryotic, viral, and pathological membranes-remain limited. In particular, systematic descriptions of lipid mixtures used to model membranes characteristic of eukaryotic cells, prokaryotes, viruses, or pathological states are limited. The aim of this review is to address this gap by summarizing lipid compositions used in Langmuir monolayer models designed to mimic different biological membrane types.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-03-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005132
Chanyong Seo, Sang-Soon Kim, Heonyong Park, Youngsik Seo, Myounghyeon Kyoung, Sujeong Jang, Hong Ja Kim, Yun Je Song, Yong Ki Cho, Sunyoung Sohn, Hyewon Han, Namwuk Baek, Donggeun Jung
{"title":"Improving resistance to biliary stent occlusion by surface hydrophilization and amidation through plasma treatment to the inner surface of polyethylene tubes.","authors":"Chanyong Seo, Sang-Soon Kim, Heonyong Park, Youngsik Seo, Myounghyeon Kyoung, Sujeong Jang, Hong Ja Kim, Yun Je Song, Yong Ki Cho, Sunyoung Sohn, Hyewon Han, Namwuk Baek, Donggeun Jung","doi":"10.1116/6.0005132","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0005132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biliary stents are medical devices inserted into the bile duct to treat biliary strictures. However, inserted stents can become occluded within a few months after placement. In this study, the inner surface of a polyethylene (PE) tube was plasma-treated with helium (He), nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), and their gas mixtures to improve resistance to stent occlusion. Surface characteristics were analyzed by water contact angle (WCA) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. In the WCA results, bare PE without plasma treatment was the most hydrophobic at 100.7°, whereas PE(He) plasma-treated with He gas became the most hydrophilic at 26.1°. XPS deconvolution analysis revealed that the PE(He) and PE(He/N2) contained a considerable proportion of O 1s present as amide (-CONH-) groups exceeding 40%, whereas the other samples had proportions below 7%. The resistance to stent occlusion was verified through microbial and cancer cell adhesion assays. In the microbial adhesion assay, Escherichia coli (E. coli) was used, and PE(He) showed a statistically significant reduction in E. coli growth compared to bare PE. Inhibition of cancer cell adhesion was the most pronounced in PE(He) and PE(He/N2), with reductions in fluorescence intensities of 75.5% and 81.5%, respectively. Overall, both surface hydrophilization and amidation were found to be effective in inhibiting the adhesion of organic contaminants. It was proposed that plasma surface treatment has the potential to improve resistance to biliary stent occlusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147761770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005034
Wencke Krings, Bernhard Hausdorf, Stanislav N Gorb
{"title":"Ecomechanics of mollusks' radula.","authors":"Wencke Krings, Bernhard Hausdorf, Stanislav N Gorb","doi":"10.1116/6.0005034","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0005034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mollusks, and their particularly diverse class Gastropoda, owe much of their ecological success due to the evolution of their radula-a specialized feeding apparatus. This structure, composed of a chitinous membrane and sometimes mineralized teeth, plays a critical role in food acquisition and processing across a wide range of habitats. The radula's morphology, material composition, and mechanical properties exhibit remarkable diversity and functional optimization, shaped by millions of years of evolutionary refinement. Adaptive variations in tooth shape, composite material content (often rich in iron, calcium, silicon, or other elements), mechanical properties, and coordinated interaction among radular components enable mollusks to withstand strong contact forces, minimize structural failure and tooth wear, and thrive in distinct ecological niches. This review synthesizes current insights into the structure and mechanical properties of the radula teeth, highlighting its adaptations to the preferred ingesta and the functional principles of the teeth. In the course of adaptation to similar physical constraints of the ingesta, different solutions evolved independently. Besides main aspects interesting for ecological research and organismic biology, the radula's structural intelligence and efficiency present a rich source of inspiration for biomimetic innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146155981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiointerphasesPub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1116/6.0005056
Kavindi Madduma Hewage, Carlos Munoz, Mehmet Ozdogan, Catherine A Brissette, Nuri Oncel
{"title":"Interaction dynamics of borrelia surface proteins with fibronectin.","authors":"Kavindi Madduma Hewage, Carlos Munoz, Mehmet Ozdogan, Catherine A Brissette, Nuri Oncel","doi":"10.1116/6.0005056","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0005056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi (B. burgdorferi), is a significant public health concern in North America, with approximately 500 000 cases reported annually in the United States. The dissemination of B. burgdorferi from the initial tick bite site to various tissues is facilitated by surface adhesins that bind to extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin (Fn). This study investigates the binding dynamics of B. burgdorferi surface proteins RevA, BBK32, BmpA, OspA, FlaB, and OspC to Fn using atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate that RevA and BBK32 form strong, stable bonds with Fn, highlighting their roles as key mediators of host-cell attachment. By quantifying the rupture forces and kinetic parameters of these interactions, we provide a deeper understanding of B. burgdorferi adhesion mechanics and offer insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting early bacterial attachment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D Bioprinting for structural and functional skin regeneration: Technologies, bioinks, and key challenges.","authors":"Tian Jiao, Zhaoning Wang, Guiquan Han, Cong Liu, Chao He, Shibang Ma","doi":"10.1116/6.0004978","DOIUrl":"10.1116/6.0004978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the body's largest organ and primary protective barrier, skin is critical for maintaining physiological homeostasis. Severe skin injuries pose a major global healthcare challenge, with hundreds of thousands of annual deaths attributed to limited transplantable skin availability. 3D bioprinting has emerged as a revolutionary approach to fabricate biomimetic, anatomically precise skin constructs. This review summarizes the research progress of 3D bioprinting in skin structural and functional regeneration: it systematically assesses five core bioprinting technologies (extrusion, inkjet, stereolithography, laser-induced forward transfer, and in situ printing) along with their advantages and limitations in skin fabrication; outlines advancements in skin-specific bioinks (biomaterials, skin cells, growth factors and medicines) and their regulatory roles in regeneration; and discusses achievements and challenges in reconstructing skin vasculature, and pigmentation. Finally, current bottlenecks and future directions for achieving complete structural and functional skin regeneration via 3D bioprinting are comprehensively addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9053,"journal":{"name":"Biointerphases","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}