Bioengineering最新文献

{"title":"Steal Syndrome in Free Flap Microvascular Reconstruction of the Lower Extremity: Systematic Review of Incidence, Risk Factors, and Surgical Management.","authors":"Georgios Karamitros, Ilias Iliadis, Raymond A Pensy, Gregory A Lamaris","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060647","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Steal syndrome in the setting of microvascular reconstruction refers to a phenomenon whereby blood flow is diverted from the native tissue to the free flap, leading to ischemia and potential limb loss. In the present study, we aim to comprehensively evaluate the occurrence and management of steal syndrome in free flap reconstruction of the lower extremities. <b>Methods</b>: A thorough literature search was conducted across the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases up to 29 January 2025. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria focusing on free flap microvascular reconstruction in the lower extremities with a focus on steal syndrome. Two independent reviewers assessed and extracted data. <b>Results</b>: Three studies were included, involving seven patients, with a mean age of 65.66 ± 5.89 years, who developed steal syndrome following free flap microvascular reconstruction. The most common revision involved below-the-knee amputation (BKA) due to ischemic complications. Comorbidities such as peripheral vascular disease (PVD), diabetes, and hypertension were present in all cases. The majority of anastomoses (85.7%) were end-to-side (ETS), with only one case utilizing a flow-through configuration. The majority of cases (n = 5, 71.4%) were reconstructed using latissimus dorsi (LD) flaps, with the remaining two cases using rectus abdominis (n = 1) and gracilis (n = 1) flaps. The recipient vessel was the anterior tibial artery in two patients (28.6%), the dorsalis pedis artery in two patients (28.6%), and the popliteal artery in three patients (42.9%). The most common salvage procedure was below-the-knee amputation (BKA), performed in four patients (57.1%). One patient required revision of the venous anastomosis and flap debridement, followed by a Chopart amputation (n = 1, 14.3%). <b>Conclusions</b>: The occurrence of steal syndrome in free flap microvascular reconstruction of the lower extremities is rare but can lead to significant complications, including amputation. The findings indicate that steal syndrome is more likely in patients with pre-existing vascular conditions such as PVD and diabetes. While surgical technique and flap type may influence its development, further studies are needed to identify specific anatomical and clinical predictors. The absence of a unified treatment guideline underscores the need for further investigation into effective management strategies to prevent amputation and optimize patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Evaluation of a 3D Motion Capture Model for Upper Extremity Kinematics During Wheelchair Maneuvering in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Lina Bunketorp Käll, Gudni Rafn Harðarson, Erik Tullin, Ann-Sofi Lamberg, Roy Tranberg, Johanna Wangdell","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060648","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) often necessitates the use of a manual wheelchair, which can overload the shoulders and contribute to upper extremity (UE) pain. Currently, no standardized methods exist to assess UE kinematics during wheelchair propulsion. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a marker-based motion capture model for analyzing UE movement during wheelchair use, with a secondary goal of assessing test-retest reliability. The study was conducted in two phases: (1) development of the motion analysis model and (2) reliability testing. Eleven participants with SCI were included. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) across 15 movement parameters, including total range of motion and minimum and maximum movement values. The model demonstrated good test-retest reliability. For minimum movement, 12 of 15 parameters were significant (ICC = 0.681-0.965). For maximum movement, 13 of 15 were significant (ICC = 0.726-0.981). For total range of motion, 12 of 15 showed significant reliability (ICC = 0.596-0.952). In conclusion, the motion capture model showed promising reliability for assessing UE kinematics during wheelchair maneuvering in individuals with SCI. However, due to the small sample size, further research is needed to validate and refine the model.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12190051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Analysis of Fluid Dynamics and Multifactorial Impact Mechanisms in Inhaled Pharmaceutical Deposition for Chronic Respiratory Diseases.","authors":"Fuli Hu, Songhua Ma, Tianliang Hu","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060643","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical efficacy of inhalation therapy in chronic respiratory diseases is fundamentally constrained by particle deposition patterns. This study employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and response surface methodology (RSM) to elucidate the mechanistic interplay of deposition determinants through multifactorial sensitivity mapping. The study comprises two key components: (i) the development of an accurate three-dimensional respiratory airway model spanning from the oral cavity to the fifth-generation bronchi and (ii) the integration of a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) experimental framework with computational fluid dynamics simulations. Furthermore, we developed a multifactorial regression model to analyze the synergistic interactions among deposition determinants. The study demonstrated a positive correlation between breath-holding time and drug deposition efficiency, revealing a hierarchical order of critical parameters: peak flow rate > breath-holding time > particle diameter. These findings have important implications for optimizing respiratory drug delivery strategies in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Cytokines That Impact the Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Herui Wang, Chonglin Zhong, Yi Mi, Guo Li, Chenliang Zhang, Yaoyao Chen, Xin Li, Yongjun Liu, Guangyang Liu","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060646","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists, and amyloid beta (Aβ)/Tau-targeting drugs. While these drugs improve cognitive decline and target the pathological mechanisms, their outcomes still are still in debate. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a regenerative approach by modulating neuroinflammation and promoting neuroprotection. Although the paracrine of MSCs is efficient in various AD preclinical studies and the exosomes of MSCs have entered clinical trials, the key cytokines driving the efficacy remain unclear. Here, we evaluated human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) and employed gene-silenced MSCs (siHGF-MSCs, siTNFR1-MSCs, siBDNF-MSCs) in APP/PS1 AD mice to investigate specific mechanisms. hUC-MSCs significantly reduced Aβ/Tau pathology and neuroinflammation, with cytokine-specific contributions: silencing HGF predominantly reduced Aβ/Tau clearance, although silencing TNFR1 or BDNF showed modest effects; silencing TNFR1 or BDNF more prominently weakened anti-neuroinflammation, while silencing HGF exerted a weaker influence. All three cytokines partially contributed to oxidative stress reduction and cognitive improvements. Our study highlights MSC-driven AD alleviation as a multifactorial strategy and reveals specific cytokines alleviating different aspects of AD pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A CNN-Transformer Fusion Model for Proactive Detection of Schizophrenia Relapse from EEG Signals.","authors":"Sana Yasin, Muhammad Adeel, Umar Draz, Tariq Ali, Mohammad Hijji, Muhammad Ayaz, Ashraf M Marei","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060641","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proactively detecting schizophrenia relapse remains a critical challenge in psychiatric care, where traditional predictive models often fail to capture the complex neurophysiological and behavioral dynamics preceding recurrence. Existing methods typically rely on shallow architectures or unimodal data sources, resulting in limited sensitivity-particularly in the early stages of relapse. In this study, we propose a CNN-Transformer fusion model that leverages the complementary strengths of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformer-based architectures to process electroencephalogram (EEG) signals enriched with clinical and sentiment-derived features. This hybrid framework enables joint spatial-temporal modeling of relapse indicators, allowing for a more nuanced and patient-specific analysis. Unlike previous approaches, our model incorporates a multi-resource data fusion pipeline, improving robustness, interpretability, and clinical relevance. Experimental evaluations demonstrate a superior prediction accuracy of 97%, with notable improvements in recall and F1-score compared to leading baselines. Moreover, the model significantly reduces false negatives, a crucial factor for timely therapeutic intervention. By addressing the limitations of unimodal and superficial prediction strategies, this framework lays the groundwork for scalable, real-world applications in continuous mental health monitoring and personalized relapse prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Hoop Tension Matters: A Biomechanical Perspective on Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tears-A Narrative Review.","authors":"Man Soo Kim, Yong In, Hyungtae Kim, Juyoung Jeong, Sueen Sohn","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060638","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This narrative review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the biomechanical consequences of medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs), with a particular focus on the role of hoop tension in meniscal function. By revisiting fundamental principles such as load transmission, contact mechanics, and structural stabilization, this review elucidates how MMPRTs compromise both the integrity and function of the knee joint. The disruption of hoop tension is analyzed across various tear patterns, and through a synthesis of biomechanical experiments, the superiority and necessity of anatomical structural restoration over conservative management or meniscectomy are emphasized. A comprehensive grasp of these biomechanical foundations offers a critical perspective on the pathomechanics of MMPRTs and serves as a basis for more rational, evidence-based surgical decision-making in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Cancer Detection Using Infrared Thermography: A Survey of Texture Analysis and Machine Learning Approaches.","authors":"Larry Ryan, Sos Agaian","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060639","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for early detection. While mammography is the gold standard, it faces cost and accessibility barriers in resource-limited areas. Infrared thermography is a promising cost-effective, non-invasive, painless, and radiation-free alternative that detects tumors by measuring their thermal signatures through thermal infrared radiation. However, challenges persist, including limited clinical validation, lack of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval as a primary screening tool, physiological variations among individuals, differing interpretation standards, and a shortage of specialized radiologists. This survey uniquely focuses on integrating texture analysis and machine learning within infrared thermography for breast cancer detection, addressing the existing literature gaps, and noting that this approach achieves high-ranking results. It comprehensively reviews the entire processing pipeline, from image preprocessing and feature extraction to classification and performance assessment. The survey critically analyzes the current limitations, including over-reliance on limited datasets like DMR-IR. By exploring recent advancements, this work aims to reduce radiologists' workload, enhance diagnostic accuracy, and identify key future research directions in this evolving field.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the Brillouin Optical Scanning System in the Regional Corneal Biomechanical Evaluation of Keratoconus and Its Correlation with Corvis ST Parameters.","authors":"Qiuruo Jiang, Yichen Sun, Zhanhao Gu, Lumeng Wang, Yiqiang Wu, Jialu Chen, Zhiyi Chen, Xiaobo Zheng, Shihao Chen","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060634","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Background: The early diagnosis of keratoconus is critical for prognosis. Traditional methods like ORA and Corvis ST measure overall corneal biomechanics but lack regional specificity and are affected by intraocular pressure. In contrast, Brillouin microscopy assesses regional corneal biomechanics without such limitations; (2) Methods: In total, 25 keratoconus patients and 28 healthy controls were included in this study. Corneal biomechanics were measured using the BOSS system (Brillouin Optical Scanning System) in a 10-point mode within an 8 mm diameter, and included the mean, maximum, minimum and standard Brillouin shift. The Corvis ST parameters extracted included the CBI (Corneal Biomechanical Index), CCBI (Corvis Biomechanical Index for Chinese populations), SSI (Stress-Strain Index), DA (Deformation Amplitude), IIR (Inverse Integrated Radius), and SP-A1 (Stiffness Parameter at First Applanation); (3) Results: BOSS showed significant differences in the inferior nasal region (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and central region (<i>p</i> = 0.029) between groups, but not in peripheral regions (<i>p</i> = 0.781). In a comparison of the Brillouin frequency shifts measured between groups, there was no difference in the Mean (<i>p</i> = 0.452) and Max (<i>p</i> = 0.487), but the Min (<i>p</i> = 0.003), Standard (<i>p</i> = 0.000), and Max-Min (<i>p</i> = 0.006) all showed differences. Corvis ST identified significant differences in six parameters (CBI, CCBI, SSI, DA, IIR, and SP-A1) between groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Correlations were found between the BOSS and Corvis ST results, with moderate correlations in the inferior nasal region; (4) Conclusions: The BOSS Brillouin microscope can provide an accurate diagnostic evaluation for the corneal biomechanical differences between normal eyes and keratoconus, independent of IOP (Intraocular Pressure) and CCT (Central Corneal Thickness), with a good correlation with Corvis ST, especially in assessing regional biomechanics.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver Semantic Segmentation Method Based on Multi-Channel Feature Extraction and Cross Fusion.","authors":"Chenghao Zhang, Lingfei Wang, Chunyu Zhang, Yu Zhang, Peng Wang, Jin Li","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060636","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Semantic segmentation plays a critical role in medical image analysis, offering indispensable information for the diagnosis and treatment planning of liver diseases. However, due to the complex anatomical structure of the liver and significant inter-patient variability, the current methods exhibit notable limitations in feature extraction and fusion, which pose a major challenge to achieving accurate liver segmentation. To address these challenges, this study proposes an improved U-Net-based liver semantic segmentation method that enhances segmentation performance through optimized feature extraction and fusion mechanisms. Firstly, a multi-scale input strategy is employed to account for the variability in liver features at different scales. A multi-scale convolutional attention (MSCA) mechanism is integrated into the encoder to aggregate multi-scale information and improve feature representation. Secondly, an atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) module is incorporated into the bottleneck layer to capture features at various receptive fields using dilated convolutions, while global pooling is applied to enhance the acquisition of contextual information and ensure efficient feature transmission. Furthermore, a Channel Transformer module replaces the traditional skip connections to strengthen the interaction and fusion between encoder and decoder features, thereby reducing the semantic gap. The effectiveness of this method was validated on integrated public datasets, achieving an Intersection over Union (IoU) of 0.9315 for liver segmentation tasks, outperforming other mainstream approaches. This provides a novel solution for precise liver image segmentation and holds significant clinical value for liver disease diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a Nomogram Model in Predicting Postoperative Delirium Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.","authors":"Yaxin Xiong, Ze Meng, Jiuyue Sun, Yucheng Qi, Kuo Wang, Ping Huang, Qiuyue Yang, Renliang Fan, Jiaman Guan, Mingyan Zhao, Xianglin Meng","doi":"10.3390/bioengineering12060637","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bioengineering12060637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Postoperative delirium is associated with an increased number of different complications, such as prolonged hospital stay, long-term cognitive impairment, and increased mortality. Therefore, early prediction of delirium after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is necessary, but currently, there is still a lack of reliable and effective prediction models for such patients. <b>Methods</b>: All data used in this study were derived from the MIMIC-IV database. Multivariable Cox regression was employed to analyze the data, and the performance of the newly developed nomogram was evaluated based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The clinical value of the prediction model was tested using decision curve analysis (DCA). <b>Results</b>: A total of 313 PCI patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) were included in the analysis, comprising 219 in the training cohort and 94 in the testing cohort. Twenty variables were selected for model development. Multivariable Cox regression revealed that benzodiazepine use, vasoactive drug therapy, age, white blood cell count (WBC), and serum potassium were independent risk factors for predicting the occurrence of delirium after PCI. The AUC values for predicting delirium occurrence in the training and validation cohorts were 0.771 and 0.743, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study has identified several important demographic and laboratory parameters associated with the occurrence of delirium after PCI, and used them to establish a more accurate and convenient nomogram model to predict the occurrence of postoperative delirium in such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8874,"journal":{"name":"Bioengineering","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144494003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}