Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports最新文献

{"title":"Clinical data investigation identifies MARK3 as an oncogenic driver in castration-resistant prostate cancer","authors":"Rajnikant Raut ,&nbsp;Devesh Srivastava ,&nbsp;Vinayak Nayak ,&nbsp;Taruna Saini ,&nbsp;Parth Gupta ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Chumki Choudhury ,&nbsp;Manish V. Bais ,&nbsp;Parul Mishra ,&nbsp;Ashish Misra","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) represents an aggressive and fatal form of prostate cancer that emerges following resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. Despite the availability of various drugs that can enhance the quality and prolong the survival of CRPC patients, resistance to these therapies is frequently observed, making the disease increasingly difficult to treat. Altered expression of kinases and phosphatases is a critical driver of CRPC and presents a potential target for more effective treatments. In this study, we have performed comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of ∼359 normal and CRPC patient samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify the differentially expressed kinases and phosphatases in patient samples. We shortlisted the candidate genes based on their differential expression profiles, associations with patient survival, Gleason scores, and their impact on the fitness of prostate cancer cell lines. Our in-silico analysis identified microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3 (MARK3) as a novel CRPC driver that is upregulated in CRPC patients, linked with poor survival outcomes, and affects the fitness of CRPC cells. Furthermore, we found that pharmacological inhibition of MARK3 using PCC0208017, a MARK3 inhibitor, leads to reduced cell viability, migration potential, and cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase in prostate cancer cells. Additionally, RNA sequencing analysis in 22Rv1 cells treated with the MARK3 inhibitor revealed that MARK3 influences genes involved in androgen response, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, mTOR, and myc-signalling, underscoring its pivotal role in CRPC progression. Taken together, our results establish MARK3 as a novel and promising therapeutic target in CRPC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive transcriptome based meta-analysis to unveil the aggression nexus of oral squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Soujanya J. Vastrad ,&nbsp;Ganesan Rajalekshmi Saraswathy ,&nbsp;Jagadish B. Dasari ,&nbsp;Gouri Nair ,&nbsp;Ashok Madarakhandi ,&nbsp;Dominic Augustine ,&nbsp;S.V. Sowmya","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lymph node metastasis in oral cancer (OC) complicates management due to its aggressive nature and high risk of recurrence, underscoring the need for biomarkers for early detection and targeted therapies. However, the drivers of this aggressive phenotype remain unclear due to the variability in gene expression patterns. To address this, an integrative meta-analysis of six publicly available transcriptomic profiles, categorized by lymph nodal status, is conducted. Key determinants of disease progression are identified through functional characterization and the TopConfects ranking approach of nodal associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs). To explore the critical nexus between lymph node metastasis and OC recurrence, significant metastatic genes were cross-analysed with literature-derived genes exhibiting aberrant methylation patterns in OC recurrence. Their clinical relevance and expression patterns were then validated in an external dataset from the TCGA head and neck cancer cohort. The analysis identified elevated expression of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodelling and immune response, while the expression of genes related to cellular differentiation and barrier functions was reduced, driving the transition to nodal positivity. The highest-ranked gene, MMP1, showed a log-fold change (LFC) of 4.946 (95 % CI: 3.71, 6.18) in nodal-negative samples, which increased to 5.899 (95 % CI: 4.80, 6.99) in nodal-positive samples, indicating consistent elevation across disease stages. In contrast, TMPRSS11B was significantly downregulated, with an LFC of −5.512 (95 % CI: −6.63, −4.38) in nodal-negative samples and −5.898 (95 % CI: −7.15, −4.64) in nodal-positive samples. Furthermore, MEIS1, down-regulated in nodal-positive status, was found to exhibit hypermethylation at CpG sites associated with OC recurrence. This study represents the first transcriptomic meta-analysis to explore the intersection of lymph node metastasis and OC recurrence, identifying MEIS1 as a potential key contributor. These comprehensive insights into disease trajectories offer potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for future treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Nelfinavir sensitizes a clinically relevant chemo-radioresistant cervical cancer in-vitro model by targeting the AKT-USP15/USP11-HPV16 E6/E7 axis","authors":"Reshma Reddy ,&nbsp;Vagmi Gaiwak ,&nbsp;Jayant Sastri Goda ,&nbsp;Tanuja Teni","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resistance to standard therapies is a major challenge in managing cervical cancer, often leading to systemic relapse. This study aimed to develop an <em>in-vitro</em> model of chemo-radioresistant cervical cancer that mimics clinical conditions and also explore the therapeutic potential of the repurposed drug nelfinavir, an HIV protease inhibitor. HPV16-positive SiHa cervical cancer cells were subjected to concurrent cisplatin and ionizing radiation, to simulate the clinical treatment regimen for locally advanced cervical cancer. The resulting chemo-radioresistant subline exhibited increased IC₅₀-value, D0 dose, and a higher Resistance Index compared to parent cells, indicating resistance development. Notably, elevated HPV16 E6/E7 expression in resistant sublines suggested a role for HPV16 in resistance acquisition. Treatment with nelfinavir significantly reduced the IC₅₀-value and D0 dose in resistant cells. Additionally, exposure to nelfinavir or AKT inhibitor IV showed significant decrease in AKT, USP15, USP11 and HPV16 E6/E7 proteins. Furthermore, siRNA mediated knockdown of USP15 and USP11 in resistant cells resulted in significant reduction of HPV16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins respectively. Thus, mechanistically nelfinavir sensitized resistant cervical cancer cells by inhibiting the AKT-USP15/USP11-HPV16 E6/E7 pathway. Overall, this study successfully established a chemo-radioresistant SiHa cell model, providing a platform for investigating resistance mechanisms. It also highlights nelfinavir's potential as a therapeutic agent in overcoming chemo-radioresistance in cervical cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the association of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphisms with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels in the Bangladeshi population","authors":"Muhammad Saiedullah ,&nbsp;Nurun Nahar Nila ,&nbsp;Zimam Mahmud ,&nbsp;Sonia Tamanna ,&nbsp;Md. Zahid Hassan ,&nbsp;Md. Zakir Hossain Howlader","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphisms influence CETP expression and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels, yet their genetic impact remains unexplored in the Bangladeshi population, where low HDL-c is prevalent. This study examined the association of CETP −629C/A and 277C/T polymorphisms with circulating HDL-c levels in 402 individuals (217 males, 185 females). Serum lipid profiles were measured using an automated analyzer, and CETP polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. The −629C/A and 277C/T polymorphisms were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, with heterozygous genotypes being the most frequent. While −629C/A genotypes showed no significant difference between the high and low HDL-c groups, individuals carrying the −629AA and CA + AA genotypes had significantly higher HDL-c levels compared to CC carriers (p = 0.023, p = 0.043). For the 277C/T, TT genotype differed significantly between the high and low HDL-c groups (p = 0.011, OR = 0.37) and, individuals carrying the 277 TT and CT + TT genotypes had significantly higher HDL-c compared to the CC genotype (p = 0.002, p = 0.019). Additionally, allelic analysis suggested a marginal association between the 277T allele and increased HDL-c levels (p = 0.051, OR = 0.59). Multiple regression analysis confirmed an inverse association between −629CC (β = −1.106, p = 0.038) and 277CC + CT (β = −0.963, p = 0.016) with HDL-c levels. However, no significant differences were observed in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, or apolipoprotein levels across genotypes. These findings suggest that CETP −629CC, 277CC, and CT genotypes contribute to low HDL-c levels in the Bangladeshi population, highlighting the potential role of CETP genetic screening as a biomarker for identifying individuals at risk of HDL-c deficiency and associated cardiovascular complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ion channel mutations and cancer","authors":"Xinyu Cao ,&nbsp;Liang Yan ,&nbsp;Liang Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells, driven by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Genetic mutations contribute to hallmark processes of cancer progression such as sustained proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and immune evasion. Ion channels are pore-forming transmembrane proteins that regulate ion transport across cellular membranes, influencing various cellular functions. Recent studies have indicated the emerging roles of ion channel proteins in cancer. Ion channels are critical for cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis, and dysregulation of ion channels by genetic mutations disrupts these processes, enabling tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Ion channel gene mutations have been associated with various cancer subtypes. These ion channel mutations either dysregulate ion channel activity associated with intracellular signaling pathways in cell survival and division, or influence the tumor microenvironment by modifying pH, oxygenation, or ion concentrations, which might facilitate tumor growth and gene expression and contribute to oncogenesis. In the present review, we discuss ion channel regulation of cancer biology and summarize recent studies in ion channel mutations associated with cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on acute myocardial infarction model establishment in mice","authors":"Jia-Nan Li,&nbsp;Liu-Hao-Nan Zeng,&nbsp;Lu Jin,&nbsp;Ji-Tong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The selection of anesthetic drugs in the preparation of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model is very important. We specifically focus on various effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane in a murine AMI model, which have not been previously compared. Furthermore, we evaluated success of our AMI model using following methods: echocardiography, TTC staining, and PCR testing. The results show that compared to the isoflurane group, the sevoflurane group mice had shorter anesthetic induction(66.40 ± 2.90S vs. 125.10 ± 6.30S P &lt; 0.0001) and recovery times(28.00 ± 1.07S vs. 56.88 ± 4.14S, P &lt; 0.0001), lower incidence of respiratory depression (0 % vs. 50.00 %, P = 0.0325), and more successful models (93.33 % vs. 60.00 %, P = 0.0801). There were no significant differences in cardiac function, infarction area(49.41 ± 4.18 % vs. 48.66 ± 3.79 %, P = 0.5266), or inflammatory factors in the myocardial infarction area between the two groups. Sevoflurane may therefore be a better choice for the establishment of AMI models in mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel causes and assessments of intrapulmonary metastasis","authors":"Ming Cheng,&nbsp;Shujun Shao,&nbsp;Wei Xu,&nbsp;Dazhi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study utilized next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze genetic information and gene mutation-related loci in ground glass nodules (GGN) with multiple (≥2) lesions. Pathological findings were then correlated to distinguish between multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) and pulmonary metastasis (PM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cohort of 20 individuals who underwent surgical resection for ground glass nodules (GGN) was included. Final diagnosis and restaging were determined based on the analysis of clinical characteristics and NGS single-target genetic detection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Histopathological, immunohistochemical staining, and NGS analyses identified 48 tissue samples from 20 cases of multiple malignant nodules. A total of 66 gene mutations were identified, with four cases classified as PM. Notably, four patients with intrapulmonary metastases exhibited concurrent mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (50 %) and Kirsten ratsarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS). Comparatively, the prevalence of EGFR mutations in PM patients was significantly higher than that in primary lesions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Genomic analysis of multiple lung adenocarcinomas enables the determination of the clonal status of tumor cells across various lesions. When gene mutation sites in multiple lesions are identical and mutation abundance is significantly elevated, early intrapulmonary metastasis may be diagnosed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical characterization of zebrafish Paqr5b","authors":"Md Sohanur Rahman Sohan ,&nbsp;Md Forhad Hossain ,&nbsp;Shakhawat Hossain ,&nbsp;Yuki Omori ,&nbsp;Mohammad Tohidul Amin ,&nbsp;Md Ekramul Hasan ,&nbsp;Toshinobu Tokumoto","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previously, we established a gene knock-out strain of paqr5b in zebrafish and showed that the gene is essential for the formation of neurons in the zebrafish olfactory rosette. The results suggested that Paqr5b might play a role as a receptor for neurosteroids and contribute to the differentiation of olfactory neurons.</div><div>In this study, we attempted to express the recombinant zebrafish Paqr5b protein and analyze its affinity for steroids. Full-length zebrafish Paqr5b (zPaqr5b) was expressed in <em>Pichia pastris</em> according to the method established for goldfish and human Paqr7. Solubilized zPaqr5b was purified by two column chromatography steps, nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) column and gel column (Sephacryl S-300). The protein fraction showed a binding affinity of Kd = 4.6 nM and Bmax = 0.72 nM for progesterone. The result showed that zPaqr5b was successfully fractionated as the active form. The specificity of zPaqr5b against steroids was then analyzed by steroid binding assay. The zPaqr5b showed specific binding to progesterone as well as to the neurosteroid, allopregnanolone (ALLO). In addition, zPaqr5b showed high affinity for 17α,20β-dehydroxyprogesterone (DHP), a pheromone used to induce sexual behavior. In contrast, it was observed that other steroids, estradiol, testosterone and cortisol, showed no affinity, even when present at high doses. These results suggest that zPaqr5b is responsible for a receptor of progestogenic neurosteroids in the differentiation of neurons in the olfactory rosette (OR) and for a receptor for pheromones in developed neuronal cells in the OR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101994"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential clearance rate of proteins encoded on a self-amplifying mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in muscle and lymph nodes","authors":"Reo Kanechi ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Shishido ,&nbsp;Mana Tachikawa ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Nishimura ,&nbsp;Akihito Sawada ,&nbsp;Hayato Okade ,&nbsp;Daisuke Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Marito Araki","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>ARCT-154, a recently approved self-amplifying mRNA (saRNA) vaccine for SARS-CoV-2, has shown superior induction and prolonged maintenance of neutralizing antibodies compared to the conventional mRNA vaccine BNT162b2. However, the scientific evidence explaining this superiority remained elusive. Hence, we explored the temporal changes in spike protein and replicase components following a single dose of ARCT-154 vaccination in mice. The encoded spike protein reached its highest level approximately 3 days after vaccination and quickly disappeared from the rectus femoris muscle, the injection site. Although the spike protein levels also peaked at an early time point in the lymph nodes, it remained detectable 28 days after the vaccination and then disappeared by 44 days after the vaccination. Expression of nsP1, nsP2 and nsP4 was observed in the injected muscle and/or the lymph nodes for up to 15 days post-vaccination. Data were analyzed using unpaired two-tailed Mann–Whitney U-tests. These data suggest that prolonged expression of spike proteins in lymph nodes may, if not entirely, be responsible for the induction of higher and prolonged levels of neutralizing antibodies by the saRNA vaccine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101999"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of opium on hippocampal-dependent memory, antioxidant enzyme levels, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological changes of rat hippocampus","authors":"Ebrahim Abbasi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Mirzaei ,&nbsp;Sodabeh Mashayekhi ,&nbsp;Iraj Khodadadi ,&nbsp;Alireza Komaki ,&nbsp;Nafiseh Faraji ,&nbsp;Seyed Alireza Vafaii","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.101993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Opium addiction can affect various organs such as the liver, intestine, kidney, and brain. The hippocampus is one of the brain regions affected early on in Alzheimer's disease and has a vital role in neurogenesis, cognitive function, and memory. This region also is sensitive to oxidative stress and pathophysiological alterations. Hence, this study evaluated the effects of opium on memory and learning, and oxidative stress in the hippocampus of male addicted rats. Since, the hormonal alterations in female arts can affect immune response, metabolism, and behavior, we have selected male rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and opium addicts. Animals received opium (40 mg/kg) for one month. Then, naloxone (2 mg⁄kg), a morphine antagonist, was injected intraperitoneally to confirm addiction. The activities and gene expressions of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GPr), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined by ELISA and Real-time PCR, respectively. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative state (TOS), glutathione, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, as well as hippocampus histopathology were assessed. Memory and learning were determined by water maze shuttle box tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The TAC and glutathione levels were decreased, while MDA and TOS increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in addicted animals. The gene expressions and activities of GPX, GPr, and SOD decreased in opium-treated animals when compared to control (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Histological analysis showed structural changes in the hippocampal in the opium group. Opium also impaired memory and learning in animals (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Opium consumption has a detrimental effect on hippocampus function and structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}