Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports最新文献

{"title":"Caloric restriction mimetics chlorogenic acid and fisetin as potential autophagy inducers targeting ATG101","authors":"Apoorv Sharma ,&nbsp;Indu Kumari ,&nbsp;Asimul Islam ,&nbsp;Hridayesh Prakash ,&nbsp;Amresh Prakash ,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autophagy is an important cytoprotective process impaired in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. The initiation process is mediated by the protein kinase Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) complex. ATG101, a cytosolic protein, plays a pivotal role in initiating autophagy as a component of the ULK complex in mammalian cells. It is important to understand the regulatory processes of individual autophagy components under different conditions for the development of therapeutic interventions. The caloric restriction mimetics (CRMs) such as chlorogenic acid (CGA) and fisetin mimic the healthy outcomes of caloric restriction without decreasing caloric consumption, constituting promising therapeutic candidates for neuroprotection. We explored the ATG101 interactions of CGA and fisetin in this work. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to investigate the interactions of these CRMs with ATG101, evaluating binding stability and dynamics. To confirm these interactions, we conducted quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in differentiated SHSY5Y cells, analyzing the effect of CGA and fisetin on ATG101 gene expression. Our results indicated that fisetin forms a more stable complex with ATG101 compared to CGA. Yet, at the transcriptional level, both CRMs stimulate the mRNA level of ATG101. Therefore, these CRMs can be responsible for their potential as autophagy inducers. These findings offer significant insights into the molecular processes through which CRMs may improve neurodegenerative diseases by triggering autophagy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102081"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melphalan improves toxicity of arsenic trioxide in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells","authors":"Faeze Khodadadi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hadi Sadeghian ,&nbsp;Zahra Delbari ,&nbsp;Mohadese Kazemi ,&nbsp;Hamide Koohpaykar ,&nbsp;Fatemeh B. Rassouli","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a hematologic neoplasm with poor prognosis. Melphalan is an alkylating anti-cancer agent, and arsenic trioxide (ATO) is routine chemotherapy drug for ATLL with low response rate. Due to the significant challenge that chemoresistance poses in treating ATLL, we aimed to investigate the potential of melphalan to enhance the effects of ATO as a combinatorial treatment approach for ATLL.</div><div>MT-2 cells were exposed to different concentrations of melphalan and ATO and viability was evaluated by alamarBlue assay. Upon IC₅₀ determination, cells were treated with 0.5 μg/ml melphalan and 2 μM ATO for 72 h, and changes induced on the cell cycle were analyzed by PI staining and flow cytometry, while the expression of candidate genes was assessed by quantitative PCR. For <em>in silico</em> analysis, the expression of <em>ABCG2</em> was assessed in MT-2 cells and ATLL subtypes using GEO database, and molecular docking was performed to predict the interaction of melphalan with this drug transporter.</div><div>Melphalan enhanced the cytotoxicity of ATO up to 32.05 %, and caused accumulation of cells in the sub G₁ phase of the cell cycle. Besides, combination of melphalan and ATO induced considerable reduction in <em>c-MYC, BMI-1</em>, <em>CD44</em> and <em>NF-κB</em> (<em>REL-A</em>) expression. Volcano plots revealed the overexpression of <em>ABCG2</em> in MT-2 cells and acute and smoldering ATLL subtypes, and molecular docking indicated favorable affinity of melphalan with ABCG2. Current findings provide valuable insights into the mechanism of action of melphalan and highlight the importance of targeting drug transporters in improving chemotherapy efficacy in ATLL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural product-based inhibitors of quorum sensing: A novel approach to combat antibiotic resistance","authors":"Esther Ugo Alum ,&nbsp;Bashar Haruna Gulumbe ,&nbsp;Sylvester Chibueze Izah ,&nbsp;Daniel Ejim Uti ,&nbsp;Patrick Maduabuchi Aja ,&nbsp;Ikechuku Okorie Igwenyi ,&nbsp;Christian Emeka Offor","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global rise of antibiotic resistance (AR) presents a critical threat to public health, prompting the search for innovative antimicrobial strategies. Quorum sensing (QS), a bacterial communication system that governs virulence, biofilm formation, and resistance, has emerged as a compelling non-lethal therapeutic target. This review explores the potential of natural product-based quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) derived from plants, microbes, and marine organisms. These compounds disrupt QS pathways through various mechanisms, including inhibition of signal synthesis, receptor antagonism, enzymatic degradation of signaling molecules, and suppression of QS-regulated gene expression. Particular emphasis is placed on the molecular targets and synergistic potential of natural QSIs when combined with conventional antibiotics to enhance efficacy and curb resistance development. This narrative review explores the diverse sources of natural QSIs, including plant-derived phytochemicals, microbial secondary metabolites, and marine bioactive compounds. In this study, a thorough literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies selected were those published between 2013 and 2025 in peer-reviewed journals. The manuscript also examines translational challenges such as poor bioavailability, bacterial adaptability, and regulatory barriers, alongside innovative strategies including nanoparticle-based delivery and combination therapies. Finally, clinical and industrial applications of QSIs are discussed, reinforcing their promise as sustainable tools for combating resistant infections and biofilm-associated diseases. This review underscores QS inhibition as a transformative approach in the ongoing battle against antibiotic resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The duplexity of insulin: The integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning identified key genes for type 2 diabetes","authors":"Nan Gao ,&nbsp;Xiteng Chen ,&nbsp;Jun Yang ,&nbsp;Yuanfeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Shaochong Bu ,&nbsp;Xiaomei Bai ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Kou ,&nbsp;Chunjun Li ,&nbsp;Fang Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Insulin therapy is still the most important treatment for T2DM, but the discussion about whether insulin brings more benefits or harms to T2DM patients has not stopped. Therefore, we used high-throughput RNA sequencing to investigate the role of insulin in T2DM and its molecular changes.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We collected peripheral blood samples from 16 patients with T2DM, and performed RNA-seq on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Bioinformatics analysis and machine learning were uesd to identify the key differential genes and transcription factor networks. In addition, we performed the flow cytometry and staining to observe ROS level and endothelial-monocyte adhesion in PBMCs of both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 529 differential genes were identified by bioinformatics analysis. 8 genes were identified as key genes, among which IL-6 had high importance in the random forest model. In transcription factor analysis, IL-6, RETN, CTSG and ELANE have abundant transcriptional regulatory relationships. Flow cytometry showed that ROS production, phagocytosis, leukocyte adhesion in insulin treatment group were lower than that in non-insulin treatment group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Insulin therapy is bidirectional, it can cause islet B cell damage and vascular complications, but also can reduce the level of inflammation and oxidative stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic role of omega 3 fatty acids in bisphenol F-induced sexual and erectile dysfunction is associated with penile redox homeostasis","authors":"Adeyemi Fatai Odetayo ,&nbsp;Moses Agbomhere Hamed ,&nbsp;Grace Edet Bassey ,&nbsp;Oluranti Olayinka Titiloye ,&nbsp;Samson Daniel Maduabuchi ,&nbsp;Kazeem Bidemi Okesina ,&nbsp;Luqman Aribidesi Olayaki","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Bisphenol F (BPF) is an established environmental pollutant that has been shown to distort erectile function. However, the effect of BPF on penile redox homeostasis is not known. On the other hand, omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) are known antioxidants with fertility-enhancing properties. Despite these abilities, the ameliorative effect of O3FA on BPF-induced penile redox imbalance is unknown. Hence, this study was designed to add to the existing body of knowledge by investigating the role of penile redox homeostasis on BPF-induced erectile dysfunction and the possible ameliorative effect of O3FA.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 5/group) after two weeks acclimatization period as follows: control group (.5 ml of corn oil), O3FA group (300mg/kg of O3FA), BPF group (30mg/kg of BPF), and the BPF + O3FA group (30 mg/kg of BPF + 300mg/kg of O3FA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>BPF exposure led to sexual and erectile dysfunction, which was accompanied by a disruption in erectogenic enzymatic activities and circulatory testosterone. These events were accompanied by the down-regulation of penile NO/cGMP signaling, oxido-inflammatory response, and penile histoarchitecture distortion. These observed BPF-induced distortions were ameliorated in animals that received O3FA co-treatment with BPF.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>BPF-induced erectile dysfunction was associated with penile redox imbalance, and O3FA ameliorated BPF-induced penile toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic plasmid clustering in Bacteria: Influence of transcriptional activity and host cellular states","authors":"Guan-Lin Wang,&nbsp;Yi-Ren Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-copy-number (hcn) plasmids exhibit distinct spatial organization within bacterial cells, yet the underlying mechanisms and functional implications remain poorly understood. In this study, we systematically investigated the role of transcriptional activity and host cellular states in plasmid clustering. Using fluorescence imaging and quantitative analyses, we observed that transcriptional repression induced transient plasmid clustering, while transcriptional enhancement influenced clustering in a promoter-dependent manner. Additionally, environmental cues, such as glucose addition and growth phase transitions, modulate plasmid clustering independently of transcriptional activity. Glucose supplementation led to rapid plasmid dispersion, suggesting a link between metabolic state and plasmid dynamics. The switching between dispersed and clustered plasmid distributions as growth phase changes correlate with alterations in nucleoid organization. These findings highlight the complex interplay between transcription, nucleoid structure, and cellular state in regulating plasmid spatial distribution, providing new insights into bacterial genome organization and adaptation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered dynamics of T cell subsets in peripheral blood impacts disease progression in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma","authors":"Mohini Vig ,&nbsp;Lalit Kumar ,&nbsp;Shweta Dubey ,&nbsp;Ritu Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>T cells are essential for tumor immunosurveillance and disease regulation in Multiple Myeloma (MM), but their role in disease pathogenesis is not well understood. To investigate this, we analyzed T cell subsets for activation status, relative distribution of naïve and memory T cell populations, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and circulating follicular helper T cells (cT_FH) in the peripheral blood of 40 newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients. We also assessed inhibitory receptor expression CD160, ICOS/CD278, CD152/CTLA-4, and PD-1/CD279 on T cells in peripheral blood. Our results showed reduced T cell numbers, an imbalance between naïve and effector CD4⁺ T cells, and decreased memory Tregs in newly diagnosed MM patients compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, plasma cells in the bone marrow correlated with percentage of activated cT_FH cells and inhibitory receptor expressing T cells in peripheral blood indicating that disrupted T cell homeostasis and immune-mediated processes may drive disease progression in NDMM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell spatial transcriptomics reveals pathogenic mechanism of renal fibrosis in imiquimod-induced lupus nephritis in mice","authors":"Yanan Xing ,&nbsp;Yanru An ,&nbsp;Tian Tian ,&nbsp;Li Pu ,&nbsp;Zhigang Lu ,&nbsp;Ning Liang ,&nbsp;Longqi Liu ,&nbsp;Zhouchun Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A deeper understanding of the cellular and molecular pathology pathways of renal fibrosis in lupus nephritis (LN) is essential for the accurate disease assessment and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we employed advanced spatial transcriptomics technique to elucidate the underlying mechanism of renal fibrosis in mouse kidneys. By establishing single-nuclei and spatial transcriptomic maps for LN and control kidneys, we identified a significant activation and proliferation of fibroblasts predominantly in the inner stripe of outer medulla (ISOM) region and pinpointed a set of specific gene signatures associated with fibrosis. Furthermore, we discovered a class of pro-fibrotic macrophage subtype, Lyz2 macrophage, that promotes myofibroblast activation. We elucidated the intricate molecular interplay mechanisms involved in this process. Our study also delved into the glomerular region, revealed disease-induced alterations in gene expression and identified potential novel therapeutic targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-pore domain potassium channel TREK-1 contributes to arachidonic acid-induced Ca2+ signaling in human fibroblast-like synovial cells","authors":"Battulga Khaltar ,&nbsp;Futoshi Toyoda ,&nbsp;Kosuke Kumagai ,&nbsp;Takafumi Yayama ,&nbsp;Batchimeg Tsedenbal ,&nbsp;Kohei Umeda ,&nbsp;Hideki Saito ,&nbsp;Naranbat Lkhagvasuren ,&nbsp;Mitsuhiko Kubo ,&nbsp;Shinji Imai","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human fibroblast-like synovial cells (hFLSs) are essential in maintaining the structural integrity of the articular cartilage and promoting joint inflammation. These cells are highly responsive to various physical and chemical stimuli, many of which influence cellular processes through intracellular Ca²⁺ signaling and membrane ion channel activity. In this study, we investigated the role of the TREK-1 two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channel as a molecular sensor of arachidonic acid (AA) in FLSs. Patch-clamp recordings revealed an outwardly rectifying K⁺ conductance resistant to conventional K⁺ channel blockers (4-AP and TEA) but sensitive to inhibition by quinidine, a broad-spectrum K2P blocker. Activation of the TREK-1 channel with 4-(2-Butyl-6,7-dichloro-2-cyclopentyl-indan-1-on-5-yl) oxobutyric acid (DCPIB) and ML402 increased this current, and immunocytochemical staining demonstrated TREK-1 expression in hFLSs. AA exposure potentiated the K⁺ current in a concentration-dependent manner and caused hyperpolarization of the resting membrane potential, effects fully antagonized by pretreatment of the cells with spadin, a TREK-1 selective blocker. Fluorescent Ca²⁺ measurements showed that AA-induced variable increase in the intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) in different FLSs, and spadin attenuated these responses, reducing the number of cells exhibiting oscillatory and sustained [Ca²⁺]_i elevations. In a nominally Ca²⁺-free medium, spadin had no effect, suggesting that TREK-1 channels regulate plasma membrane Ca²⁺ influx. Our findings provide the first electrophysiological and pharmacological evidence for the involvement of TREK-1 channels in AA-induced Ca²⁺ signaling in hFLSs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KRT6A, KRT6B, PKP1, and PKP3 as key hub genes in esophageal cancer: A combined bioinformatics and experimental study","authors":"Shayan Marhamati ,&nbsp;Morvarid Hamrahjoo ,&nbsp;Zeinab Seyedkhan ,&nbsp;Mahdi Bahmani ,&nbsp;Nasrin Ziamajidi ,&nbsp;Iraj Khodadadi ,&nbsp;Mohadese Pouryani ,&nbsp;Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2025.102095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Esophageal cancer (EC) is the eighth most common cancer in the world. Due to poor survival rates and severe side effects of current therapies, there is a need for a better understanding of the mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in EC. In this study, we downloaded the microarray datasets GSE157808 and GSE92396 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using R software and validated through the GEPIA and TIMER databases. CytoHubba was used to extract hub genes from the overlapping DEGs. The TIMER database was employed to assess correlations between gene expression and immune infiltration. Additionally, hub gene expression was analyzed in 20 pairs of EC tissue samples through RT-qPCR and Western blot. We evaluated clinicopathological correlations and diagnostic potential. We identified 83 overlapping DEGs across the datasets. Subsequently, based on the highest number of degrees in the hub gene network, the <em>KRT6A, KRT6B, PKP1</em>, and <em>PKP3</em> genes were selected for further experimental analysis. EC samples showed upregulated expression of these genes, consistent with our bioinformatic analysis and the GEPIA and TIMER databases. However, KRT6B protein levels were not significantly elevated. <em>KRT6A</em> expression was associated with lymph node metastasis, while <em>KRT6B</em> showed an inverse relationship with necrosis. Gene expression levels correlated with components of immune infiltration. ROC analysis indicated possible diagnostic value, while Kaplan-Meier plots showed no significant association with survival outcomes. Elevated expression of <em>KRT6A</em>, <em>KRT6B</em>, <em>PKP1</em>, and <em>PKP3</em> is associated with EC, indicating their potential as candidates for further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}