{"title":"Injectable thermosensitive methylcellulose-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel for the delivery of human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cell spheroids in cartilage regeneration.","authors":"Carolina Coli Zuliani, Jéssica Bruna da Cunha, Rodolpho Fagundes Correa, Eronildo Alves Pinto Júnior, Marcos Akira d'Ávila, Ângela Maria Moraes, Ibsen Bellini Coimbra","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2566710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2025.2566710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cartilage injuries caused by trauma or degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis have limited intrinsic healing capacity and often require invasive interventions. This study proposes a minimally invasive therapeutic strategy using spheroids of human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AF-MSCs) embedded in a thermosensitive hydrogel composed of 10% (w/v) methylcellulose and 1% (w/v) carboxymethyl chitosan (M10C1). AF-MSCs spheroids, generated in 3D culture under TGF-β3 stimulation, exhibited high viability and robust extracellular matrix production, including type II collagen and aggrecan. Rheological characterisation confirmed that M10C1 displays shear-thinning behaviour and gelation near physiological temperatures (∼30 °C), making it suitable for injection and 3D bioprinting. Importantly, confocal microscopy and fusion assays demonstrated that the hydrogel preserved spheroid bioassembly and viability. Co-culture with human cartilage explants further showed that M10C1 promoted spheroid adhesion without hindering integration into native tissue. These findings highlight the potential of this AF-MSCs spheroid-hydrogel system as an injectable, biocompatible platform for cartilage repair, with promising applications in regenerative medicine and bioengineered tissue therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"453-467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elucidating the integrative role and possible molecular mechanisms of <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> ingredients and gut microbiota-derived metabolites in alleviating pyroptosis-mediated hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury through network pharmacology.","authors":"Rujia Wang, Danhong Yang, Yi Chen, Jiabing Wang","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2547646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2025.2547646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, therapeutic options for hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) remain limited and challenging. An emerging alternative involves the combination of ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and beneficial gut microbiota (GM) metabolites. This study integrates ingredients of <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> (SM) and metabolites of GM to assess their combined therapeutic efficacy against HIRI through pyroptosis using network pharmacology. Twenty-nine final targets were recognized as key proteins responsible for the alleviation of HIRI by SM ingredients and GM metabolites through pyroptosis, with GAPDH, AKT1, ILB1 emerging as central targets in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The Toll-like receptor (TLR), NOD-like receptor (NLR), IL-17, TNF and MAPK signalling pathways were identified as key pathways in the therapeutic effects of SM ingredients and GM metabolites. Eight microRNAs (miRNAs) were predicted to be potential miRNAs exerting the most influence. Four SM ingredients and 11 GM metabolites were identified as non-toxic, promising candidates against HIRI. Moreover, the results of molecular docking showed all compounds were well combined with the corresponding proteins. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of TCM and beneficial GM in HIRI treatment and provides a foundational dataset for future research on their combined application. Further <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies are needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"420-435"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multimodal attention fusion deep self-reconstruction presentation model for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and biomarker identification.","authors":"Shan Huang, Yixin Liu, Jingyu Zhang, Yiming Wang","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2506591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2025.2506591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The unknown pathogenic mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) make treatment challenging. Neuroimaging genetics offers a method for identifying disease biomarkers for early diagnosis, but traditional approaches struggle with complex non-linear, multimodal and multi-expression data. However, traditional association analysis methods face challenges in handling nonlinear, multimodal and multi-expression data. Therefore, a multimodal attention fusion deep self-restructuring presentation (MAFDSRP) model is proposed to solve the above problem. First, multimodal brain imaging data are processed through a novel histogram-matching multiple attention mechanisms to dynamically adjust the weight of each input brain image data. Simultaneous, the genetic data are preprocessed to remove low-quality samples. Subsequently, the genetic data and fused neuroimaging data are separately input into the self-reconstruction network to learn the nonlinear relationships and perform subspace clustering at the top layer of the network. Finally, the learned genetic data and fused neuroimaging data are analysed through expression association analysis to identify AD-related biomarkers. The identified biomarkers underwent systematic multi-level analysis, revealing biomarker roles at molecular, tissue and functional levels, highlighting processes like inflammation, lipid metabolism, memory and emotional processing linked to AD. The experimental results show that MAFDSRP achieved 0.58 in association analysis, demonstrating its great potential in accurately identifying AD-related biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"231-243"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martha L Gallagher, H R Parri, Ewan Ross, Eric J Hill
{"title":"Utilizing cues from developmental neurogenesis and gliogenesis for better <i>in vitro</i> brain models.","authors":"Martha L Gallagher, H R Parri, Ewan Ross, Eric J Hill","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2562828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2025.2562828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With a globally ageing population, neurodegenerative disease poses an increasingly greater risk to health span, yet there are still no curative treatments. Efficient biomimetic modelling is the underlying target for improving preclinical-to-clinical translation of therapies, yet current techniques are poorly translated to clinical studies: animal models, 2D cell culture, as well as 3D spheroid and organoid cultures all have disadvantages which could be resolved by a tuneable, standardized approach. As such, 3D tissue engineered human models have huge potential, but even biomimetic, repeatable, translatable engineered tissues lack maturity in the neural networks created. Neurogenesis and gliogenesis are the processes by which new neurons and glia are created <i>in vivo</i>, mediated by architectural, cellular microenvironmental, and signalling cues which could be adopted in the engineering and synthesis of 3D neural models. This review will look at neurogenic and gliogenic cues and their engineered incorporation to overcome common shortcomings of <i>in vitro</i> 3D neural models-namely maturity, complexity, and reproducibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"440-452"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Wei, Liyun Yuan, Yongsheng Ge, Han Yu, Guoping Zhao, Guoqing Zhang, Guohua Liu
{"title":"Identification of macrophage-associated diagnostic biomarkers and molecular subtypes in gestational diabetes mellitus based on machine learning.","authors":"Kai Wei, Liyun Yuan, Yongsheng Ge, Han Yu, Guoping Zhao, Guoqing Zhang, Guohua Liu","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2513893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2025.2513893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder during pregnancy, involving multiple immune and inflammatory factors. Macrophages play a crucial role in its development. This study integrated scRNA-seq and RNA-seq data to explore macrophage-related diagnostic genes and GDM subtypes. For scRNA-seq data, cell clusters were annotated using the SingleR package and validated with marker gene expression profiles, while hdWGCNA analysis identified three gene modules related to macrophages. A diagnostic model for GDM derived from endothelial cell transcriptomes was constructed by employing a variety of machine learning ensemble algorithms, achieving an AUC of 0.887. The model identified five differentially expressed genes (ZEB2, MALAT1, HEBP1, AHSA1, and TTC3) as potential diagnostic biomarkers. The CB-DSNMF algorithm was proposed to identify two distinct GDM subtypes from RNA-seq data, revealing significant differences in biological behaviours. This algorithm outperformed other baselines in multiple clustering metrics. Mendelian randomisation analysis identified ZEB2 as a gene causally related to GDM risk. A transcription factor (TF)-gene regulatory network was constructed for these genes using the ENCODE database. The study highlights the importance of macrophages in GDM, provides a high-precision diagnostic model, and offers new insights into personalised treatment strategies, contributing to a better understanding of GDM pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"20-33"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statement of Retraction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2558470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2025.2558470","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"436"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Clerici, Maria Camilla Ciardulli, Erwin Pavel Lamparelli, Joseph Lovecchio, Emanuele Giordano, Tina P Dale, Nicholas R Forsyth, Nicola Maffulli, Giovanna Della Porta
{"title":"Human tendon stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicle production promoted by dynamic culture.","authors":"Marta Clerici, Maria Camilla Ciardulli, Erwin Pavel Lamparelli, Joseph Lovecchio, Emanuele Giordano, Tina P Dale, Nicholas R Forsyth, Nicola Maffulli, Giovanna Della Porta","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2475099","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2475099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tendon injuries significantly impact quality of life, prompting the exploration of innovative solutions beyond conventional surgery. Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance tendon regeneration. In this study, human Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells (TSPCs) were isolated from surgical biopsies and cultured in a Growth-Differentiation Factor-5-supplemented medium to promote tenogenic differentiation under static and dynamic conditions using a custom-made perfusion bioreactor. Once at 80% confluence, cells were transitioned to a serum-free medium for conditioned media collection. Ultracentrifugation revealed the presence of vesicles with a 10<sup>6</sup> particles/mL concentration and sub-200nm diameter size. Dynamic culture yielded a 3-fold increase in EV protein content compared to static culture, as confirmed by Western-blot analysis. Differences in surface marker expression were also shown by flow cytometric analysis. Data suggest that we efficiently developed a protocol for extracting EVs from human TSPCs, particularly under dynamic conditions. This approach enhances EV protein content, offering potential therapeutic benefits for tendon regeneration. However, further research is needed to fully understand the role of EVs in tendon regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanni Wang, Xiangxiang Peng, Bingjie Qian, Libo Wang, Jiabing Wang
{"title":"The integration of metabolites from <i>Forsythia suspensa</i> and gut microbiota ameliorates drug-induced liver injury: network pharmacology and molecular docking studies.","authors":"Yanni Wang, Xiangxiang Peng, Bingjie Qian, Libo Wang, Jiabing Wang","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2475088","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2475088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study integrates metabolites from Forsythia suspensa (FS) and gut microbiota GM to assess combined therapeutic efficacy against drug-induced liver injury (DILI) using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Metabolites of FS and GM were retrieved from the NPASS and gutMGene databases, respectively. Relevant targets for metabolites and DILI-related targets were identified through public databases. The PPI network and KEGG pathway analysis were employed to identify hub targets and key signalling pathways. Furthermore, we performed a molecular docking assay on the active metabolites and targets to verify the network pharmacological concept. The physicochemical properties and toxicity of identified key metabolites were assessed using in silico platforms. 19 final targets were recognized as key proteins responsible for the alleviation of DILI by FS and GM metabolites, with ESR1 emerging as a central target in the PPI network. The estrogen signalling pathway, particularly involving ESR1, ESR2 and JUN genes, was identified as a key mediator in the therapeutic effects. Four GM metabolites (baicalein, luteolin, lunularin and 2,3-bis(3,4-dihydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone) and two FS metabolites (pinoresinol and isolariciresinol) were identified as non-toxic, promising candidates. In conclusion, metabolites from FS and GM may exert a potent synergistic effect on DILI through modulation of the estrogen signalling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"105-121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiannan Wang, Xinyue Mao, Yulan Li, Gang Mo, Dayu Li, Deping Cao, Gen Chen
{"title":"The mechanistic action of mogroside V in the alleviation of oxidative aging.","authors":"Qiannan Wang, Xinyue Mao, Yulan Li, Gang Mo, Dayu Li, Deping Cao, Gen Chen","doi":"10.1080/21691401.2025.2486752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2025.2486752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduce: </strong>Diseases related to oxidative ageing are becoming increasingly evident in younger individuals. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the actions of mogroside V when used to treat anti-oxidative ageing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used D-galactose-induced LO2 cells and C57BL/6J mice as models to investigate the molecular mechanisms of mogroside V (MV) for the treatment of oxidative ageing. Network pharmacology was used to predict the targets of MV for the treatment of oxidative ageing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By down-regulating the <i>EGFR</i>/<i>p38</i>/<i>JNK</i> pathway, MV significantly inhibited oxidative ageing and apoptosis in cells, reduced the levels of SA-β-galactosidase. In mice, compared with the model group, MV treatment (100 mg/kg·d) reduced MDA levels and significantly increased the levels of GSH and SOD; furthermore, the size and structure of the liver leaflet and glomeruli was arranged in a regular manner; the small intestine glands had decreased in size. Moreover, the expression levels of <i>Ptp1b</i> mRNA had increased significantly while the levels of <i>c-Jun</i> mRNA and protein were significantly reduced. MV also increased the proportion of beneficial bacteria in the small intestine, including <i>Bacteroidales</i> and <i>Lactobacillaceae</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our analyses revealed that MV can significantly reduce oxidative ageing caused by the accumulation of D-galactose.</p>","PeriodicalId":8736,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology","volume":"53 1","pages":"166-180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}