Antioxidants最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced Levels of Combined Waterlogging and Heat Stress Exacerbate Anatomical Damage, Photosynthetic Impairment, and Oxidative Stress in Tomato.","authors":"Wen Qin, Yankai Li, Yang Sun, Rosa M Rivero, Xiaoming Song, Ron Mittler, Fangling Jiang, Zhen Wu, Dong Xiao, Xuedong Yang, Rong Zhou","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091210","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global climate change increases concurrent waterlogging and heat waves, threatening crop production. Tomato, a widely cultivated vegetable crop, is susceptible to both stresses, but their combined effects on tomato responses remain poorly understood. This study analyzed the anatomical, physiological, and molecular responses of two tomato genotypes, 'NT212' and 'NT606' (sensitive and tolerant to combined waterlogging and heat stresses), under control (C), waterlogging (W), heat stress (H1, H2, and H3) (34/27 °C, 38/31 °C, 42/35 °C), and combined stress (WH1, WH2, and WH3) for 48 h. 'NT212' exhibited only abaxial epidermal peeling under H2, but severe anatomical degradation including abaxial epidermal peeling and sponge parenchyma cell lysis under WH2. The superoxide anion (O₂^•-) production rate and <i>PsbS</i> and <i>HSP70</i> expression were significantly higher in 'NT212' under WH2 than W and H2. Moreover, as the stress intensity increased from WH1 to WH2 and WH3, the O₂^•- production rate and <i>PsbS</i> and <i>HSP70</i> expression were significantly increased in 'NT212'. In contrast, 'NT606' did not exhibit obvious cell lysis under any stress treatments. The O₂^•- production rate was highest in 'NT606' under WH3 among all the treatments. <i>HSP70</i> expression was significantly upregulated in 'NT606' under H3 and WH3 compared with the other treatments. Consequently, 'NT212' exhibited severe wilting under the H2, H3, and all combined stresses, while 'NT606' showed severe wilting only under WH3. Thus, combined stress caused synergistic damage exceeding individual stress, with injury intensifying as temperature increased. This study provided vital knowledge for breeding climate-resilient tomato cultivars, especially under combined waterlogging and heat stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monochromatic Blue Light Enhances Antioxidant Status and Remodels the Gut Microbiome in Association with Increased Plasma Melatonin in Broiler Chickens.","authors":"Wanqi Tang, Zixu Wang, Yulan Dong, Jing Cao, Yaoxing Chen","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091204","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens has potential to regulate host health and growth performance. Although previous studies have revealed that the intestinal microbiota composition is affected by different factors including monochromatic light, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, particularly regarding the causal role of light-sensitive hormones such as melatonin. To address this gap, a 2 × 4 factorial design was adopted in the present study, with two surgical treatments (sham-operation or pinealectomy) and four light conditions (white, blue, green, and red light), to investigate whether blue light modulates gut microbiota and antioxidant status through melatonin-dependent pathways. Broilers were reared under different monochromatic light conditions. On day 3 post-hatching, we ablated circulating melatonin production by conducting a pinealectomy or control sham-operation model. Accordingly, the broilers were assigned to eight groups: white light + sham-operation (WL), white light + pinealectomy (WP), blue light + sham-operation (BL), blue light + pinealectomy (BP), green light + sham-operation (GL), green light + pinealectomy (GP), red light + sham-operation (RL), and red light + pinealectomy (RP). On day 35, blue light was found to most effectively elevate plasma melatonin, which activated the Mel 1a/Nrf2/NQO1 pathway to reduce oxidative stress and remodel the jejunal microbiota. Metagenomic analysis identified <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> and <i>Ligilactobacillus aviarius</i> as key bacteria enriched in blue light. Consequently, classes of microbiota-derived metabolites like stearidonic acid and indole propionic acid triggered the variation of tryptophan, bile acid and lipid metabolism, which contributed to broiler growth promotion. Moreover, pinealectomy accompanied by plasma melatonin deprivation significantly nullified the blue-light-induced effects. These insights confirm blue light is more effective in microbiota modulation by inducing melatonin secretion and providing a new strategy for light management in the broiler industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nifuroxazide Pretreatment Protects Against Acute CdCl₂ Exposure-Induced Toxicity via Modulating the USP21/AIM2 Inflammasome Axis.","authors":"Jing Yu, Feng Xu, Ran Wang, Qiu-Man Li, Xiang Li, Yi-Fang Jiang, Jian-Fei Lu, Chang-Hong Li, Guan-Jun Yang, Jiong Chen","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091211","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant with an exceptionally long biological half-life (10-30 years) and high multi-organ toxicity. While chronic cadmium exposure has been extensively studied, the pathological mechanisms and prophylactic strategies for acute cadmium poisoning remain poorly defined. Here, we established an acute cadmium intoxication model in C57BL/6 mice via intraperitoneal injection of CdCl₂ (5 mg/kg) and assessed pathological and molecular changes 12 h post-exposure. Histopathological examination revealed overt hepatic damage and mild extrahepatic changes in kidney and spleen. Mechanistically, acute cadmium challenge disrupted systemic redox homeostasis, as evidenced by significant reductions in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). Concurrently, cadmium triggered a robust inflammatory response, upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and activated the pyroptotic pathway, as shown by elevated cleaved caspase-1 and GSDMD-N levels. To identify potential prophylactic agents, we investigated nifuroxazide (NFX), a multifunctional agent with known anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Our results indicate that NFX pretreatment protects against cadmium-induced acute liver injury. Mechanistically, these data support the involvement of the USP21-AIM2 axis in this protection. USP21, a deubiquitinase, stabilizes AIM2 by removing its ubiquitin chains. Cadmium exposure increased USP21-mediated AIM2 deubiquitination, decreased AIM2 ubiquitination, and promoted AIM2 protein accumulation, accompanied by AIM2 inflammasome activation and hepatic stellate cell pyroptosis. In contrast, NFX pretreatment was associated with reduced USP21-mediated AIM2 deubiquitination, increased AIM2 ubiquitination and reduced AIM2 protein accumulation, and suppressed hepatic stellate cell pyroptosis. Collectively, these findings indicate that NFX pretreatment protects against acute CdCl₂-induced hepatic injury with mild improvements in extrahepatic tissue histology, and support the involvement of the USP21-AIM2 axis in regulating AIM2 inflammasome protein stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Betaine in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential.","authors":"Tatjana Radosavljevic, Jasmina Djuretic, Milica Brankovic, Janko Samardzic, Ivana Curuvija, Danijela Vucevic","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091209","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and a leading cause of advanced liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The disease develops through the interaction of multiple interconnected pathophysiological mechanisms, including insulin resistance, dysregulated lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction, chronic inflammation, gut-liver axis disruption, and progressive fibrogenesis. Betaine, a naturally occurring methyl donor, has been investigated as a potential therapeutic agent because of its diverse metabolic and cytoprotective effects. This review summarizes current knowledge on the mechanisms by which betaine may influence MASLD development and progression. Preclinical studies indicate that betaine improves insulin sensitivity and hepatic lipid homeostasis, reduces oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, preserves mitochondrial function, mitigates inflammatory signaling, and limits hepatic fibrosis. In addition, growing evidence suggests that betaine contributes to the maintenance of gut-liver axis homeostasis, further supporting its beneficial effects on liver function. Although these findings are consistent across preclinical models, clinical evidence remains limited, and the therapeutic efficacy of betaine in patients with MASLD has not yet been established. Further well-designed clinical trials are required to determine its clinical value, optimal therapeutic strategy, and potential role in the management of MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating Ubiquinone Biosynthesis Rescues Mitochondrial Dysfunction by Genetic Interaction in a Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-Deficient Disease Model.","authors":"Lavanya Vadupu, Vijay Aditya Mavuduru, Writoban Basu Ball","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091212","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondrial dysfunctions are often associated with cellular aging as well as metabolic disorders. Therapeutic strategies for rewiring mitochondrial stress signaling in a disease context could be beneficial. New evidence indicates that mitochondrial membrane lipids actively regulate mitochondrial signaling pathways that influence cellular health, stress responses, and longevity. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), the non-bilayer-forming phospholipid, plays major roles in mitochondrial morphology and ETC function. The biosynthesis of PE takes place within the inner mitochondrial membrane and is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphatidylserine decarboxylase-1 (PSD-1), which converts phosphatidylserine (PS) to PE. While the biochemical role of PSD-1 in PE biosynthesis is well established, how its dysfunction translates into mitochondrial pathology remains poorly understood. In this work, we describe the physiological implications of PSD-1 function and validate a novel disease model for human <i>PISD</i> (the ortholog of <i>C</i>. <i>elegans psd-1</i>) by undertaking targeted gene knockdown using RNA interference (RNAi) in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. We show that <i>psd-1</i> deficiency causes several physiological defects in <i>C. elegans</i>, demonstrating that PE biosynthesis via PSD-1 is critical for mitochondrial activity and organismal development (mitochondrial PE levels were reduced by 69.51% in <i>psd-1</i> knockdown worms compared to controls). These findings establish <i>psd-1</i> knockdown worms as a reliable model for studying human <i>PISD</i>-related disease. Surprisingly, co-knockdown of <i>psd-1</i> along with the ETC component <i>clk-1</i> rescued physiological defects such as restoring the lifespan of from 13.48 ± 0.51 days <i>psd-1</i> RNAi worms to 17.36 ± 0.44 days in <i>psd-1</i>; <i>clk-1</i> double-knockdown worms and normalizing oxygen consumption rate, suggesting that ETC-mediated retrograde signaling, rather than phospholipid depletion alone, is the primary driver of the observed pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glutathione Redox Changes in Pulmonary Arterial Blood After Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Single-Arm Pilot Study.","authors":"Suqiao Yang, Linji Li, Junwei Zhang, Xinhua Qiao, Weiyan Sun, Wenbo Zhao, Huimin Hu, Qiumeng Xi, Yidan Li, Xiaojuan Guo, Jianfeng Wang, Juanni Gong, Yuanhua Yang, Chang Chen, Xunming Ji, Xu Zhang, Qi Yang","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091203","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress contributes to pulmonary hypertension (PH), but acute redox responses within the pulmonary circulation remain poorly characterized. In this prospective, open-label, single-arm pilot study, 15 patients with PH underwent one 50 min session of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) during right heart catheterization. Pulmonary arterial (PA) blood was collected immediately before and after RIC. The prespecified primary biomarker family comprised reduced glutathione (GSH) response and the oxidized glutathione-to-GSH (GSSG/GSH) ratio in PA blood-cell and plasma fractions. PA blood-cell GSH response increased (mean paired difference, 118; 95% CI, 83-152; Holm-adjusted <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas the blood-cell GSSG/GSH ratio decreased (-0.64; 95% CI, -0.81 to -0.46; Holm-adjusted <i>p</i> < 0.001). Plasma glutathione measures were not significant after multiplicity adjustment. PA lactate, the prespecified secondary endpoint, decreased by 0.45 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.20-0.71; <i>p</i> = 0.002). All participants completed RIC without clinically evident acute adverse events. These preliminary findings identify acute PA blood-cell glutathione and metabolic changes associated with RIC; however, the single-arm design precludes causal inference, and confirmation in randomized sham-controlled studies is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Probiotics and Antioxidants Attenuate LPS-Induced Acute Intestinal Inflammation via Multi-Pathway Regulation in a Preventive Mouse Model.","authors":"Jiaojiao Gao, Yong Tuo, Jishan An, Kailibinuer Abudukaiyoumu, Yuanyang Yi, Yuxia Yang, Tongjun Guo","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091201","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to explore the combined regulatory effects of probiotics combined with bioactive compounds on intestinal immunity and mucosal barrier function. <b>Methods</b>: Fifty specific-pathogen-free (SPF) male Kunming mice (5-6 weeks old, weighing 20 ± 2 g) were randomly assigned to five groups (<i>n</i> = 10 per group): blank control (C), lipopolysaccharide-induced model (LPS), probiotic (PB), antioxidant (AO), and combined treatment (PB/AO). The C and LPS groups received daily oral gavage of 0.5 mL sterile 0.9% saline. The PB group received a daily gavage of 1 × 10⁸ CFU/mL <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> lindner and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>. The AO group was administered a daily gavage of berberine (30 mg/kg BW), wogonin (30 mg/kg BW), and sodium butyrate (200 mg/kg BW). The PB/AO group received a daily gavage combining the probiotic mixture (1 × 10⁸ CFU/mL) with the plant extracts (30 mg/kg BW berberine, 30 mg/kg BW wogonin, and 200 mg/kg BW sodium butyrate). Following a 14-day preventive intervention, all groups except C were intraperitoneally injected with LPS to induce inflammation. Indices of visceral organs, serum antioxidant and immune parameters, ileal histomorphology, gut microbiota composition, and the expression of key barrier- and inflammation-related genes were comprehensively evaluated. <b>Results</b>: LPS exposure increased liver and spleen coefficients. PB/AO treatment significantly reduced the LPS-induced elevation of liver coefficient to a level comparable to that of the C group; however, no significant improvement in spleen coefficient was observed. In terms of antioxidant and immune indices, all intervention groups increased the levels of SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC to varying degrees, and decreased the levels of MDA and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and DAO), with the PB/AO group showing the most significant improvement (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Ileal microbiome analysis showed that PB/AO treatment enriched Firmicutes, Lactococcus and Lactobacillus but decreased Proteobacteria, with Clostridia as signature taxa. Mechanistically, PB/AO suppressed the transcription of NF-κB pathway-related genes (TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB) and upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Claudin-1 and Occludin), thereby strengthening the intestinal barrier. <b>Conclusions</b>: In conclusion, co-administration of microbial probiotics and antioxidants achieves optimal protection against LPS-induced intestinal inflammation by jointly driving anti-inflammatory and antioxidative responses, modulating gut microbiota, and reinforcing barrier integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redox-Regulating Propolis- and Honey-Containing Hydrogels in Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Jurate Zarauske, Greta Kaspute, Tatjana Ivaskiene","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091202","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress and persistent inflammation are central mechanisms in osteoarthritis (OA), contributing to chondrocyte dysfunction, mitochondrial impairment, extracellular matrix degradation, pain-related signaling, and progressive joint tissue remodeling. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act not only as damaging agents but also as regulators of redox-sensitive inflammatory pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2-related antioxidant responses. Accordingly, localized strategies capable of modulating the oxidative-inflammatory microenvironment may offer therapeutic advantages over non-targeted antioxidant approaches. This review summarizes current evidence on natural hydrogel-based systems containing propolis and honey as potential redox-modulating and anti-inflammatory platforms for OA-related tissue degeneration. Propolis and honey are bee-derived bioactive products rich in polyphenols and other redox-active compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and tissue-protective properties. Their incorporation into hydrogel matrices may support sustained local delivery, improved tissue retention, and stimulus-responsive release within inflamed or oxidatively stressed tissues. Particular attention is given to mechanisms involving ROS regulation, suppression of inflammatory mediators, activation of endogenous antioxidant defenses, and protection of cartilage extracellular matrix. Current formulation evidence is also critically interpreted according to its disease specificity, distinguishing direct OA/cartilage-related evidence from indirect wound healing and tissue repair data. The review also addresses intra-articular biomechanical requirements, enzyme-responsive degradation, immunological safety, formulation standardization, and translational barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Selenium-Enriched Yeast Boosts Antioxidant Defense, Flesh Quality and Selenium Accumulation in Adult Common Carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>).","authors":"Wanwen Chen, Scovia Kikoberwa, Jian Wu, Wu Jin, Xueyan Ma, Liufu Wang, Pao Xu, Hao Cheng, Haibo Wen","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091200","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium (Se) exerts essential biological functions via selenoprotein-mediated antioxidant defense and redox homeostasis. Selenium-enriched yeast (SEY) is a high-bioavailability organic Se source widely used in aquaculture. However, its effects on flesh quality in adult common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of graded dietary SEY on growth, muscle quality, Se deposition, antioxidant status, and associated metabolic responses in adult common carp. Results demonstrate that SEY supplementation (1.84 and 2.56 mg Se/kg) significantly improved growth performance without impairing physiological homeostasis. Mechanistically, SEY dose-dependently strengthened muscular antioxidant defense, with glutathione peroxidase activity increased by up to 7-fold, alongside elevated superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and reduced malondialdehyde content. This enhanced antioxidant capacity may maintain myofibrillar and membrane integrity, potentially contributing to the improvement of water-holding capacity and textural properties. SEY elevated umami amino acids and flavor nucleotides. Furthermore, in the 2.56 mg Se/kg supplemented group, SEY also increased muscle crude protein as well as organic Se deposition, with >99.99% of selenium present as selenocystine and selenomethionine. Untargeted metabolomics revealed that SEY reshaped the metabolome, enriching nucleotide metabolism and arginine biosynthesis pathways, which may partly account for the observed changes in umami-associated compounds. In conclusion, dietary SEY supplementation is an effective strategy for producing high-quality, Se-biofortified common carp.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Wine Intake Reduces Mitochondrial Complex I-Derived ROS in the Male Rat Heart.","authors":"Jeronim Matijevic, Marko Grahovac, Marin Mornar, Ivana Novak, Marko Ljubkovic, Mladen Boban, Jasna Marinovic","doi":"10.3390/antiox15091199","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antiox15091199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidemiological studies suggest that, despite the adverse effects of excessive alcohol intake, low-to-moderate levels of wine consumption have been associated with favorable cardiovascular outcomes. While the biological effects of polyphenol-rich red wine have been extensively studied, less is known about the impact of white wine on myocardial cellular function and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, young male Sprague-Dawley rats were given ad libitum access to white wine or water for four weeks, after which cardiac mitochondrial function, cardiomyocyte susceptibility to oxidative stress, and cardiac transcriptomic profiles were assessed using respirometry, ROS measurements, in vitro oxidative stress assay, and RNA sequencing. White wine consumption did not significantly alter mitochondrial respiratory capacity, expression of antioxidant enzymes or cardiomyocyte survival following oxidative challenge. However, mitochondrial ROS production at respiratory complex I was significantly reduced, particularly during reverse electron transport mimicking ischemia/reperfusion. Transcriptomic analysis revealed modest changes, with no genes meeting the false discovery rate threshold. Analyses based on nominal significance revealed changes associated with mitochondrial electron transfer, protein quality control, apoptosis, and inflammatory signaling. In conclusion, four-week white wine consumption was associated with reduced mitochondrial ROS without impairing cardiac bioenergetics, accompanied by subtle transcriptional responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7984,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149057308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}