Animal Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of the Safety of Chlorella fusca Grown in Refined Swine Manure Liquid Fertilizer for Bioresource Applications.","authors":"Seukchan Kim, Soo-Ryang Kim, Jungho Moon, Ji-Won Jung, Sungha Hong, Sun-Goo Hwang, Myung-Gyu Lee, Meejung Ahn","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chlorella fusca, a microalga with promising applications in sustainable biotechnology, is of growing interest for its nutritional value, environmental benefits, and bioactive properties. This study investigated the safety and viability of cultivating C. fusca in refined liquid fertilizer derived from pig manure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Refined liquid fertilizer derived from swine manure was used as a nutrient medium for cultivating C. fusca. To compare its biochemical properties with those of commercial Chlorella products, the cultivated algae were subjected to proximate composition analyses to determine their water, crude-protein, crude-fat, and ash-free-extract contents. Cytotoxicity was assessed via MTT and WST-1 assays, and an acute toxicity study was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate physiological effects according to body weight changes and serum biomarkers. Histopathological examination of the liver, kidneys, and lungs was conducted to detect any toxicological effects. Additionally, antibiotic residues, microbial safety, pesticide contamination, and heavy-metal content were evaluated to confirm overall product safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proximate analysis revealed significant differences in moisture and crude-fat content compared to commercial Chlorella products. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated enhanced immune cell activity at higher concentrations (P < 0.05). No significant body weight changes were detected in rats, and serum analysis indicated a dose-dependent reduction in alkaline phosphatase levels in 1000- and 2000-mg/mL treatment groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Histopathological examination confirmed the absence of significant alterations in the liver, kidneys, and lungs, supporting its safety as a dietary supplement. Antibiotic residue, microbial safety, pesticide contamination, and heavy-metal analyses showed levels that were undetectable or below safety limits, confirming the safety of C. fusca.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chlorella fusca cultivated with refined liquid fertilizer derived from swine manure was found to be safe for use in various biotechnology applications. Our findings imply its potential as a bioresource, including as a feed additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BMP8A/TGF-β1 regulates chicken chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis induced by Thiram.","authors":"Yuxiang Lu, Hengyong Xu, Xuyang Ji, Yuxin Zhou, Zhi Hu, Felix Kwame Amevor, Ranran Du, Xiaoling Zhao, Yiping Liu, Yan Wang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a metabolic cartilage disorder that impairs the development of the tibial growth plate in rapidly growing poultry. This study aimed to identify key genes and clarify the molecular mechanisms involved in tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in broiler chickens. It also evaluated the potential effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) in alleviating TD symptoms, focusing particularly on the role of BMP8A and its interaction with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>94 broiler chicks were divided into three groups: healthy control, thiram-induced TD, and thiram-induced with VD3 supplementation. RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across groups. Target genes were further validated using molecular biology techniques, including gene expression analysis and in vitro functional assays on chondrocytes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VD3 effectively mitigated thiram-induced chondrocyte damage. RNA-seq revealed 625 DEGs enriched in pathways such as the TGF-β signaling pathway. Four co-differentially expressed genes (BMP8A, COL10A1, SDC3, and SCIN) were closely associated with collagen metabolism and reorganization. Functional assays, such as CCK8, EdU and IHC showed that BMP8A mitigated collagen accumulation induced by elevated TGF-β1 levels, promoted the release of collagen types I, II, and X, and facilitated chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation while reducing apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BMP8A plays a protective role in TD by regulating collagen balance and maintaining chondrocyte function, especially under high TGF-β1 conditions. VD3 supplementation effectively reduces TD-related damage. The interaction between BMP8A and TGF-β1 may provide a novel therapeutic target for preventing and treating TD in poultry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NGSMHC: A simple bioinformatics tool for comprehensively typing MHC genes in non-human species using next-generation sequencing data.","authors":"Mingue Kang, Byeongyong Ahn, Jae Yeol Shin, Jongan Lee, Eun Seok Cho, Chankyu Park","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Understanding the individual- and population-level polymorphisms of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes is crucial for identifying associations between MHC variations and immune phenotypes. To support this, we developed NGSMHC, a streamlined bioinformatics tool for efficient and accurate MHC genotyping using next-generation sequencing (NGS) data in non-human species.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NGSMHC constructs phased haplotype contigs of selected MHC genes from BAM-format mapping data and determines the best matching MHC alleles and genotypes via nucleotide BLAST analysis against a user-provided reference set of MHC alleles. We evaluated NGSMHC using short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from 12 pigs, focusing on swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) genes. The typing results from NGSMHC were compared to those obtained using polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT). In addition, we tested NGSMHC on a publicly available long-read WGS dataset with known SLA genotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The short-read WGS data showed an average read depth of 20.9× across the SLA region, enabling typing of SLA-2, SLA-3, SLA-DRB1, and SLA-DQB1 using NGSMHC. The concordance rates between NGSMHC and PCR-SBT were 88% for SLA-3, 92% for SLA-DRB1, and 100% for SLA-DQB1. However, SLA-2 typing showed lower concordance (58%), likely due to its high sequence similarity with other SLA class I genes and complex intra-locus polymorphisms. In contrast, NGSMHC accurately identified all tested SLA genotypes-including SLA-1, SLA-2, SLA-3, SLA-DRA, SLA-DRB1, SLA-DQA, and SLA-DQB1-when applied to the long-read WGS data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NGSMHC is a simple and effective tool for MHC genotyping using NGS data, particularly for non-human species. Its accuracy is significantly improved by long-read sequencing, underscoring the importance of read length in precise MHC allele determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of hydrolyzable versus condensed tannins supplementation in Liaoning cashmere goats: growth performance, nitrogen metabolism, rumen fermentation, and blood metabolites.","authors":"Xin Zhu, Di Han, Lu Zhang, Tingting Su, Lisha Ye, Haiying Liu, Xingtang Dou","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to investigate the effects of hydrolyzable versus condensed tannins on growth performance, nitrogen (N) metabolism, rumen fermentation, and blood parameters in Liaoning cashmere goats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A control diet and three experimental diets-supplemented with 0.5% chestnut tannin (CT), tannic acid (TA), or quebracho tannin (QT)-were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Goats fed the QT diet had higher average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) than those fed the TA diet (p<0.05). Compared to the control, the QT group exhibited lower fecal N, urine N, and total N output (g/d, p<0.05), along with higher N retention (g/d) and N utilization (g/kg N intake) than the CT and TA groups (p<0.05). The QT group had the lowest urine uric acid level, while the CT and TA groups showed lower creatinine levels than the control (p<0.05). Tannin supplementation increased rumen ammonia-N (NH3-N) concentration and reduced protozoa counts (p<0.05). Plasma concentrations of total protein, globulin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lysozyme were higher in the QT group than in the CT and TA groups (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that condensed tannin exerts more beneficial effects than hydrolyzable tannin on growth, N balance, and antioxidant function at equivalent dietary inclusion levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on the effects of glutamic acid and glutamine in promoting intestinal development in chicks through energy metabolism.","authors":"Peiyu Huang, Yaoming Cui, Wenjing Liang, Li Zhang, Junquan Tian, Liping Gan, Linna Guo, Weiyu Chen, Guohao Yang, Junjun Guan","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of glutamic acid (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) on the intestinal development of layer chicks with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 240 healthy 0-d-old Hy-Line Brown chicks were randomly assigned to 4 treatments, each with 6 replicates. At 8 and 11 d of age, all birds (except for the control group) received two administrations of LPS. The LPS-challenged birds were divided into three dietary treatment groups: a basal diet (without additives), a 0.05% Glu-supplemented diet, and a 0.20% Gln-supplemented diet.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LPS challenge induced intestinal injury and suppressed intestinal development in layer chicks, as evidenced by significantly reduced growth performance, poor intestinal parameters, and morphology (p<0.05). Compared to the LPS group, dietary supplementation with 0.05% Glu and 0.20% Gln significantly enhanced average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), body weight (BW), and intestinal development parameters (including length, weight, villus height, villus height/crypt depth) of duodenum, jejunum and ileum (p<0.05). These results could be attributed to upregulated mRNA expression levels of Mucin-2, E-cadherin, Dclk-1, Vil-1, Lysozyme, ChgA, Lgr-5, Bmi-1, ATP5F1AZ, and β-catenin (p<0.05). Furthermore, dietary supplementation with 0.20% Gln outperformed 0.05% Glu in enhancing BW, ADG, and ileum parameters (weight, length, epithelial cell count, and energy metabolism) (p<0.05). Additionally, intestinal organoids supplemented with 10 μM Gln had significantly higher mean area, E-cadherin gene expression, and ATP content compared with those treated with 5 μM Glu in vitro (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary supplementation with 0.05% Glu and 0.20% Gln could improve growth performance, intestinal development, and repair intestinal damage in layer chicks through enhanced epithelial proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, 0.20% Gln performed better than 0.05% Glu, which may be attributed to superior energy metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction models established for net energy and standardized ileal digestible amino acids in regionally sourced fermented soybean meal for growing pigs.","authors":"Wenjun Gao, Qile Hu, Yingying Li, Hongrui Cao, Xue Bao, Renjie Wang, Shuai Zhang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study was conducted to determine the available energy and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acid (AA) in fermented soybean meal (FSBM), and establish prediction equations for growing pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Exp. 1 to determine available energy, twenty-four growing barrows (initial body weight = 35.3 ± 3.2 kg) were randomly assigned to two replicated 6 × 6 Latin square designs, each comprising one corn-based basal diet (used in both squares) and five test diets. In Exp. 2 on AA digestibility, twenty-two growing barrows (initial body weight: 48.8 ± 2.8 kg) underwent distal ileal T-cannulation and were arranged to a 3-period crossover design with one nitrogen-free diet and 10 test diets. The inclusion levels of FSBM in the test diets of Exp. 1 and Exp. 2 were 27.49% and 40%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The coefficients of variation among FSBM for ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) all exceeded 10%. The digestible energy, metabolizable energy, and net energy (NE) values of FSBM ranged from 15.50 to 18.44 MJ/kg dry matter (DM), 13.98 to 16.72 MJ/kg DM, and 10.10 to 11.05 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The SID values of AA demonstrated variation (p<0.05) for most AA, with the exception of Arg and Lys among indispensable AA, and Glu, Ser, and Tyr among dispensable AA. The best-fitted prediction equation for NE was a model incorporating EE, NDF, and GE (R² = 0.92, p<0.01), while the best-fitted equations for SIDCrude Protein and SIDLys incorporated DM, NDF, and ADF (R² = 0.71, p = 0.097) and CF, ADF, and Ash (R² = 0.83, p = 0.022), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The NE values of FSBM ranged from 10.10 to 11.05 MJ/kg DM. The NE value, SIDCrude Protein, and SIDLys of FSBM can be well predicted based on nutritional parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) as a sustainable protein source on growth performance, blood profiles, immune response, and diarrhea incidence in weaning pigs.","authors":"Noh Soo Duc, Jin Xing Hao, Jang Min Hyuk, Park Min Soo, Kim Yoo Yong","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates the potential of replacing fishmeal with black soldier fly larvae (BSF) in weaning pig diets, aiming to overcome the limitations of traditional animal protein sources and explore BSF larvae as a sustainable alternative protein.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 192 weaning ([Yorkshire × Landrace]) × Duroc) pigs (8.12 ± 0.01 kg body weight [BW]) were assigned to four treatments based on sex and initial body weight, with six replicates of eight pigs per pen in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Experimental diets with different levels of black soldier fly (BSF) larvae were as follows: 1) Control: corn‒soybean-based diet, 2) BSF25: corn‒soybean-based diet containing black solder fly larvae as a replacement for 25% of plasma protein, 3) BSF50: corn‒soybean-based diet containing black solder fly larvae as a replacement for 50% of plasma protein, 4) BSF100: corn‒soybean-based diet containing black solder fly larvae as a replacement for 100% of plasma protein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During phase I, the average daily gain (ADG) and gain: feed (G:F) ratio were decreased as the BSF larvae level increased (linear, p=0.03; p=0.03), and the BSF25 group had higher body weight compared to other groups (anova, p=0.01). In blood profiles, increasing levels of BSF larvae in the diet linearly decreased albumin levels at 28 d after weaning (linear, p=0.01). For immune response, there was a linear decrease in IgG concentration by increasing levels of BSF larvae (linear, p=0.05), and the BSF25 group had the highest value among all treatments only in phase I (anova, p=0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study demonstrate that BSF larvae meal can be a viable alternative protein source in diets for weaned pigs. The optimal ratio of BSF larvae replacing plasma protein is up to 25%, which leads to improved growth performance and immune response.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation on growth performance, blood vitamin D and antioxidant status in nursery pigs.","authors":"Chan Ho Kwon, Eva S Safaie, Savannah L Locke, Jannell A Torres, Zhaohui Yang, Xi Chen, Young Dal Jang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0029","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OHD3) supplementation on growth performance, blood 25-OHD3 level, and antioxidant parameters in nursery pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 48 newly weaned piglets (5.27±1.42 kg initial body weight) were allotted to 3 treatments in 4 replicates with 4 pigs per pen for a 28-d feeding trial in two phases for d 0-14 (Phase 1) and d 14-28 (Phase 2) postweaning with basal diets without supplemental vitamin D3 (VD3). Treatments were: 1) basal diet+2,000 IU/kg VD3 supplementation, 2) basal diet+1,000 IU/kg 25-OHD3 supplementation, and 3) basal diet+2,000 IU/kg 25-OHD3 supplementation. Growth performance, plasma 25-OHD3 and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase activity were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in growth performance among dietary treatments until d 21 postweaning. Dietary 25-OHD3 supplementation increased feed intake (p<0.07) and growth rate (p<0.05) greater than the VD3 treatment in d 21-28 and d 14-28 postweaning, resulting in a greater growth rate in the overall period (p = 0.10). Increasing levels of 25-OHD3 supplementation resulted in greater plasma 25-OHD3 concentrations at d 14 and 28 postweaning (p<0.05), while decreasing plasma MDA levels at d 28 postweaning (p<0.05) with no differences in plasma superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity. In the broken-line analysis, the estimated plasma 25-OHD3 concentration for plasma MDA concentration to reach the minimum level was 23.7 ng/mL (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Supplementing 25-OHD3 in nursery diets increased blood vitamin D status and had potential to enhance feed intake and growth rate in the late nursery period, while reducing oxidative stress compared with VD3 supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1943-1952"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of sodium alginate active films containing different lotus rhizome root powders on physicochemical properties and shelf-life of pork patties.","authors":"Zhuangzhuang Qiu, Koo Bok Chin","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0028","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was done to investigate the film properties and antioxidant activities of sodium alginate films (SAFs) added with different levels (0.5, 1, and 2%) of oven-dried (100°C) lotus rhizome root powder (ODLRRP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After pork patties were wrapped with different SAFs, the physiochemical properties and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of pork patties were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SAFs containing ODLRRP decreased the pH, lightness (L*), and equilibrium water content but increased the redness (a*), yellowness (b*), transparency, moisture content, and antioxidant activities. SAFs containing ODLRRP increased the color values, but L*, 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, microbial counts, and water content decreased. In pork patties wrapped with SAFs containing ODLRRP at levels greater than 1% ODLRRP, the L*, volatile basic nitrogen, and total bacterial counts decreased, whereas b* increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicated that pork patties wrapped with SAFs containing more than 1% ODLRRP could inhibit microbial growth and reduce protein denaturation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2021-2032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LncRNA ST6GALNAC3 inhibits dermal fibroblast proliferation and migration in cashmere goat hair follicles via the chi-miR-24-3p/ID4 axis.","authors":"Rong Ma, Qing Ma, Lu Zhang, Bingjie Ma, Xuxu Bao, Yiming Zhang, Le Wang, Qi Lv, Zhiying Wang, Ruijun Wang, Rui Su, Yanhong Zhao, Fangzheng Shang, Yu Wang, Yanjun Zhang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0115","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dermal papilla is developed from the continuous proliferation and differentiation of dermal fibroblasts, which is the key to the normal development of hair follicles. This study aims to elucidate the role of lncRNA ST6GALNAC3, which is significantly differentially expressed during the secondary hair follicle development stage in cashmere goats, on dermal fibroblasts, and to analyze the regulatory mechanism of this lncRNA thoroughly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a screening process and characterization for lncRNAs associated with the development of secondary hair follicles. The effects of lncRNA ST6GALNAC3 on cell proliferation and migration were assessed using CCK8, EdU, and flow cytometry. Subsequently, we employed bioinformatics analysis to identify the target miRNAs of lncRNA ST6GALNAC3 and the corresponding target genes of these miRNAs, respectively, and initially constructed the regulatory axis of lncRNA ST6GALNAC3-chi-miR-24-3p-ID4. Luciferase reporter assays and rescue experiments were performed to confirm the regulatory axis at both molecular and cellular levels, thus elucidating the mechanism by which lncRNA ST6GALNAC3 regulates dermal fibroblasts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred fifty-eight lncRNAs related to secondary hair follicle morphogenesis were identified. Among them, lncRNA ST6GALNAC3 was significantly differentially expressed on embryonic day 75 and significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts. The results showed that lncRNA ST6GALNAC3 can target chi-miR-24-3p, which in turn can target the ID4 gene. The results of the luciferase reporter assay and rescue assay showed that chi-miR-24-3p binds to both lncRNA ST6GALNAC3 and ID4. Furthermore, lncRNA ST6GALNAC3 can indirectly regulate the proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts through chi-miR-24-3p/ID4 axis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LncRNA ST6GALNAC3 inhibits the proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts through the chi-miR-24-3p/ID4 axis, thus suppressing the formation of dermal papilla structures and influencing the morphogenesis of secondary hair follicles during embryonic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1869-1880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}