添加黑兵蝇幼虫（Hermetia illucens）作为可持续蛋白质来源对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液特征、免疫反应和腹泻发生率的影响

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Bioscience Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI:10.5713/ab.25.0425

Noh Soo Duc, Jin Xing Hao, Jang Min Hyuk, Park Min Soo, Kim Yoo Yong

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：研究黑虻幼虫（BSF）替代鱼粉在断奶仔猪饲粮中的应用潜力，以克服传统动物蛋白来源的局限性，探索黑虻幼虫作为一种可持续的替代蛋白。方法：采用随机完全区组设计（RCBD），选取体重（8.12±0.01 kg [BW]）的断奶（[约克×长]）×杜洛克猪192头，按性别和初始体重分为4个处理，每栏6个重复，每栏8头猪。不同黑兵蝇幼虫水平的试验饲粮为：1)对照：以玉米-大豆为基础的饲粮，2)BSF25：以玉米-大豆为基础的饲粮，含黑兵蝇幼虫替代25%的血浆蛋白，3)BSF50：以玉米-大豆为基础的饲粮，含黑兵蝇幼虫替代50%的血浆蛋白，4)BSF100：以玉米-大豆为基础的饲粮，含黑兵蝇幼虫替代100%的血浆蛋白。结果：在第一阶段，平均日增重（ADG）和料重比（G:F）随BSF幼虫水平的升高而降低（线性，p=0.03; p=0.03）， BSF25组的体重高于其他各组（方差分析，p=0.01）。在血液剖面中，断奶后28 d，饲粮中BSF幼虫水平的增加线性降低了白蛋白水平（线性，p=0.01）。免疫应答方面，随着BSF幼虫水平的升高，IgG浓度呈线性降低（线性，p=0.05），且BSF25组仅在ⅰ期最高（方差分析，p=0.05）。结论：本研究结果表明，牛瘟菌幼虫饲料可作为断奶仔猪饲粮中一种可行的替代蛋白质来源。BSF幼虫替代血浆蛋白的最佳比例为25%，可提高生长性能和免疫应答。

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Supplementation of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) as a sustainable protein source on growth performance, blood profiles, immune response, and diarrhea incidence in weaning pigs.

Purpose: This study investigates the potential of replacing fishmeal with black soldier fly larvae (BSF) in weaning pig diets, aiming to overcome the limitations of traditional animal protein sources and explore BSF larvae as a sustainable alternative protein.

Methods: A total of 192 weaning ([Yorkshire × Landrace]) × Duroc) pigs (8.12 ± 0.01 kg body weight [BW]) were assigned to four treatments based on sex and initial body weight, with six replicates of eight pigs per pen in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Experimental diets with different levels of black soldier fly (BSF) larvae were as follows: 1) Control: corn‒soybean-based diet, 2) BSF25: corn‒soybean-based diet containing black solder fly larvae as a replacement for 25% of plasma protein, 3) BSF50: corn‒soybean-based diet containing black solder fly larvae as a replacement for 50% of plasma protein, 4) BSF100: corn‒soybean-based diet containing black solder fly larvae as a replacement for 100% of plasma protein.

Results: During phase I, the average daily gain (ADG) and gain: feed (G:F) ratio were decreased as the BSF larvae level increased (linear, p=0.03; p=0.03), and the BSF25 group had higher body weight compared to other groups (anova, p=0.01). In blood profiles, increasing levels of BSF larvae in the diet linearly decreased albumin levels at 28 d after weaning (linear, p=0.01). For immune response, there was a linear decrease in IgG concentration by increasing levels of BSF larvae (linear, p=0.05), and the BSF25 group had the highest value among all treatments only in phase I (anova, p=0.05).

Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that BSF larvae meal can be a viable alternative protein source in diets for weaned pigs. The optimal ratio of BSF larvae replacing plasma protein is up to 25%, which leads to improved growth performance and immune response.

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