Food & Function最新文献

{"title":"Impact of daily avocado consumption on gut microbiota in adults with abdominal obesity: an ancillary study of HAT, a randomized controlled trial†","authors":"Jieping Yang, On Kei Lei, Shrikant Bhute, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Alice H. Lichtenstein, Nirupa R. Matthan, Kristina S. Petersen, Joan Sabaté, David M. Reboussin, Laura Lovato, Mara Z. Vitolins, Sujatha Rajaram, Jonathan P. Jacobs, Jianjun Huang, Meileen Taw, Scarlet Yang and Zhaoping Li","doi":"10.1039/D4FO03806A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO03806A","url":null,"abstract":"<p > <em>Objectives</em>: This study aimed to investigate short-term and long-term impact of avocado consumption without caloric restriction on the gut microbiota of free-living adults with abdominal obesity. <em>Methods</em>: The Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial (HAT) was a 26-week, multi-center, randomized, controlled trial involving 1008 individuals with abdominal obesity. Participants were randomly assigned to the Avocado Supplemented Diet Group (AVO), receiving one avocado per day, or the Habitual Diet group (HAB), maintaining their usual dietary habits. Fecal samples were collected at baseline, week 4 and week 26 from a subset of participants recruited at a University of California Los Angeles site (<em>n</em> = 230). Fecal microbiota was assessed with shotgun metagenomics sequencing. Alpha diversity was assessed using the Chao1 and Shannon indices; beta diversity was assessed using Bray–Curtis dissimilarity with significance determined by repeated measures permutational multivariat analysis of variance. Potential association of intervention at week 4 and 26 with alpha diversity, species and metabolic pathways was examined using linear mixed effect models. <em>Results</em>: Compared to the HAB group, the AVO group had higher alpha diversity by 4 weeks, which persisted through the 26-week study period. Exploratory analysis based on healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) indicated that participants with a low HEI score at baseline (≤52.7), had an increase in alpha diversity in the AVO group <em>vs.</em> HAB group. The AVO group had a significant change in beta diversity at week 26 compared to the HAB group. At the species level, the AVO group had significantly increased <em>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</em> and <em>Bacterium AF16_15</em> at week 26 compared to the HAB group. Functional analysis showed no significant difference in metabolic pathways between the HAB and AVO groups. <em>Conclusions</em>: Our findings document a potentially favorable effect of avocados on gut microbiota diversity. The prebiotic potential of avocados is more pronounced in individuals with a low diet quality score. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03528031 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03528031).</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 1","pages":" 168-180"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/fo/d4fo03806a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice bran peptides target lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 to ameliorate atherosclerosis.","authors":"Jianfei Mu, Jiajia Li, Zhongxu Chen, Yajuan Chen, Qinlu Lin, Lingyu Zhang, Yong Fang, Ying Liang","doi":"10.1039/d4fo04514a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fo04514a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food-derived multifunctional peptides offer numerous health benefits through different biochemical pathways. However, their impact on aging-related atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), especially atherosclerosis, remains underexplored despite cardiovascular disease (CVD) being the leading cause of death globally. In this study, NHANES data and Mendelian randomization were used to analyze the association between lipid metabolism disorders, systemic immune responses, dietary inflammatory index, and ASCVD. The results showed that they were all positively correlated with ASCVD. A dietary intervention was used to induce a mouse model of atherosclerosis through a high-fat diet (HFD). Our findings demonstrate that rice bran peptide could mitigate the typical pathological features of atherosclerosis. Molecular docking analysis further predicted that lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is a key target of rice bran peptide. This prediction was validated through a two-cell model of endothelial cells and lox-1-interfered macrophages. Therefore, targeting LOX-1 with rice bran peptide inhibits the excessive uptake of oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) by macrophages, thereby hindering the mass production of foam cells, which is crucial in preventing the early onset of atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-assisted preparation of sweet corn cob polysaccharide selenium nanoparticles alleviates symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome†","authors":"Jingyang Wang, Xin Wang, Weiye Xiu, Chenchen Li, Shiyou Yu, Haobin Zhu, Chenxi Yang, Kechi Zhou and Yongqiang Ma","doi":"10.1039/D4FO04195J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO04195J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a long-term chronic condition that predisposes individuals to oxidative stress and disruption of the gut microbiota. In this study, sweet corn cob polysaccharide selenium nanoparticles (U-SCPSeNPs) with relatively small particle sizes were prepared using an ultrasound-assisted method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) were used to characterize the U-SCPSeNPs and determine the monosaccharide composition of the U-SCPSeNPs. The U-SCPSeNPs were used to improve the CFS of the mice. The results showed that the ultrasound-assisted method reduced the particle size of the SeNPs, and U-SCPSeNPs with a particle size of 76.74 nm and a selenium content of 186.83 ± 7.80 mg g<small>⁻¹</small> were obtained at an ultrasonication time of 40 min. Sweet corn cob (SCP) bound to the SeNPs through hydrogen bonding. In terms of energy production, the production capacity of Na<small>⁺</small>–K<small>⁺</small>-ATP, Mg<small>²⁺</small>-ATP, and Ca<small>²⁺</small>-ATP was enhanced by U-SCPSeSCP in CFS mice; In terms of oxidative stress, the levels of SOD and MDA were decreased and CAT and GSH-Px were increased by SCPSeSCP. U-SCPSeSCP improved the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiota in CFS mice, and decreasing the relative abundance of <em>Firmicutes</em> increased the relative abundance of <em>Bacteroidota</em> at the phylum level. This study provides a reference for synthesizing polysaccharide SeNPs and assessing the ability of U-SCPSeNPs to alleviate CFS.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 1","pages":" 133-146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of sulforaphane bioavailability from a glucoraphanin-rich broccoli seed extract in a model of dynamic gastric digestion and absorption by Caco-2 cell monolayers†","authors":"Wei Zhu, Eleonora Cremonini, Angela F. Mastaloudis, Alyson E. Mitchell, Gail M. Bornhorst and Patricia I. Oteiza","doi":"10.1039/D4FO04561K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO04561K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Broccoli is recognized for its health benefits, attributed to the high concentrations of glucoraphanin (GR). GR must be hydrolyzed by myrosinase (Myr) to form the bioactive sulforaphane (SF). The primary challenge in delivering SF in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract- is improving hydrolysis of GR to SF. Here, we optimized the formulation and delivery methods to improve GR conversion and SF bioavailability. We investigated whether the combination of GR-rich broccoli seed extract powder (BSE[GR]) with Myr-rich mustard seed powder (MSP[Myr]), ± ascorbic acid (AA, a co-factor of Myr), delivered as free powder or encapsulated powder, can: (i) facilitate GR hydrolysis to SF during dynamic <em>in vitro</em> gastric digestion and static <em>in vitro</em> small intestinal digestion, and (ii) increase SF bioavailability in Caco-2 cell monolayers, a model of human intestinal epithelium. Addition of exogenous Myr increased the conversion of GR to SF in free powder during small intestinal digestion, but not during gastric digestion, where Myr activity was inhibited by the acidic environment. Capsule delivery of BSE[GR]/MSP[Myr] (w/w ratio 4 : 1) resulted in a 2.5-fold higher conversion efficiency compared to free powder delivery (72.1% compared to 29.3%, respectively). AA combined with MSP[Myr] further enhanced the conversion efficiency in small intestinal digestion and the bioavailability of SF in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Bioavailability of GR as SF, SF metabolites, and GR was 74.8% in Caco-2 cell monolayers following 30 min gastric digestion and 60 min small intestinal digestion. This study highlights strategies to optimize GR bioconversion in the upper GI tract leading to enhanced SF bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 1","pages":" 314-328"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic interventions with highly acid-tolerant Levilactobacillus brevis strains improve lipid metabolism and gut microbial balance in obese mice†","authors":"Liping Zhou, Luchan Gong, Zhihao Liu, Jinfeng Xiang, Cong Ren and Yan Xu","doi":"10.1039/D4FO03417A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO03417A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Many studies have shown that specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains can delay obesity, offering a viable alternative to medications and surgeries. However, the mining and development of highly effective LAB strains for obesity control is still limited. In this study, the naturally highly acid-tolerant and gamma-aminobutyric acid-producing <em>Levilactobacillus brevis</em> D17 and its <em>glnR</em> deletion strain were used to investigate their anti-obesity effects. In an 8-week mouse experiment, <em>L. brevis</em> D17 and its <em>glnR</em>-deletion strain D17Δ<em>glnR</em> significantly reduced weight gain by 28.4% and 29.1%, respectively, improving abnormal serum indicators and glucose metabolism caused by a high-fat diet. Furthermore, <em>L. brevis</em> D17 and its <em>glnR</em>-deletion strain D17Δ<em>glnR</em> successfully colonized in the gut. Both D17 and D17Δ<em>glnR</em> interventions significantly restored the relative abundance of <em>Muribaculaceae</em>, <em>Ileibacterium valens</em>, <em>Lactobacillus</em>, <em>Faecalibaculum</em>, <em>Bifidobacterium globosum</em>, <em>Akkermansia muciniphila</em>, and <em>Romboutsia ilealis</em>, whereas they significantly reduced potentially harmful bacteria like <em>Leptogranulimonas</em>, <em>Flintibacter</em>, and <em>Alistipes</em>. Additionally, <em>L. brevis</em> intervention effectively decreased the levels of primary bile acids and increased secondary bile acids in the gut, thus balancing bile acid metabolism. The transcriptional analysis suggested that D17 and D17Δ<em>glnR</em> interventions may activate the AMPK signaling pathway in the liver to inhibit lipogenesis, activate the cAMP pathway to promote lipolysis, and inhibit pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration to block inflammatory responses. These results indicate that <em>L. brevis</em> D17 and its <em>glnR</em>-deletion mutant strain D17Δ<em>glnR</em> show great potential in combating obesity. Moreover, these results also provide insights into the underlying mechanism behind their anti-obesity properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 1","pages":" 112-132"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between fatty acids and female infertility: dual evidence from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis†","authors":"Qiaorui Yang, Jing Tao, Shengxiao Jia and Zhenliang Fan","doi":"10.1039/D4FO04020A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO04020A","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt; &lt;em&gt;Background&lt;/em&gt;: Infertility poses a considerable threat to female reproductive health on a global scale. Dietary pattern, as a modifiable lifestyle factor, is frequently recommended as an important intervention for infertility-related diseases. Fatty acids play a crucial role in maintaining the health of the female reproductive system. However, the available evidence on the specific relationship between various types of fatty acids and infertility remains insufficient and controversial. &lt;em&gt;Methods&lt;/em&gt;: Initially, a cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to collect data from women aged 18–45 years who met the inclusion criteria across the 2013–2020 cycles. Infertility was defined based on information gleaned from reproductive questionnaires. Fatty acid intake was determined by analyzing two 24 hour dietary recall interviews. Weighted logistic regression and weighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses, incorporating covariate adjustments, were employed to preliminarily delineate the association between various types of fatty acids and proportions of fatty acid intake and female infertility risk. Model performance evaluation was carried out through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, complemented by the utilization of a nomogram diagram to gauge the infertility risk attributed to covariates. Genetic instrumental variables pertinent to diverse fatty acid profiles and female infertility were sourced from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Mendelian randomization (MR), multivariable MR (MVMR) and reverse MR analyses were subsequently used to ascertain causality and reverse causality between distinct fatty acids and infertility, concurrently assessing for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. &lt;em&gt;Results&lt;/em&gt;: In our NHANES analysis, a total of 3159 women were enrolled in the study, with a self-reported infertility prevalence of 11.49%. Infertile women exhibited significantly elevated intake of total omega-6 and omega-6/total fatty acids (TFA) compared to the controls. Weighted logistic regression models confirmed positive correlations between total omega-6 (continuous) and omega-6/TFA (categorical) and infertility risk, while omega-3 (continuous) intake demonstrated a negative correlation. Model 2, post rigorous multivariate covariate adjustment, showed improved predictive performance according to ROC curve analysis. Subgroup analysis suggested that the positive correlation between omega-6/TFA (continuous) and female infertility risk was not affected by stratification. Total omega-6 (continuous) emerged as a risk factor for infertile women aged 18–34 years. However, total saturated fatty acids (TSFAs, continuous), total omega-3 (continuous) and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, categorical) were protective factors only in the infertile women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg m&lt;small&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;. The positive associations b","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 1","pages":" 249-267"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The eating rate of bread predicted from its sensory texture and physical properties†","authors":"Lise A. J. Heuven, Matthijs Dekker, Stefano Renzetti and Dieuwerke P. Bolhuis","doi":"10.1039/D4FO04297B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO04297B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Eating rate (ER) can moderate energy intake and ER can be modified by the texture and physical properties of food. However, the magnitude of the effects is not well known. The aim of this study was to investigate how bread texture and physical properties determine ER. In a randomised crossover study, 36 healthy participants (age: 25 ± 6 years, BMI: 22 ± 2 kg m<small>⁻²</small>) consumed nine different bread types. Video coding was used to characterise oral processing behaviour. Sensory texture was evaluated on visual analogue scales. Physical properties were measured using texture profile analysis, puncture tests, geometrical and water-related measures. Two models were developed using response surface methodology (RSM) that predict the ER based on sensory and physical properties. The results showed from slow to fast ER: bread slices &lt; hard buns &lt; soft buns. The slowest bread type (wholemeal bread slice) was consumed 40% slower than the fastest bread type (soft white bun) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), explained by smaller bite sizes and more chews. For the sensory texture, ER was positively correlated with crumb adhesiveness and negatively correlated with crumb dryness. For the physical properties, ER was positively correlated with height and volume, and negatively with crumb cohesiveness and crust hardness. The models based on physical properties (<em>R</em><small>²</small> = 0.91) and sensory texture (<em>R</em><small>²</small> = 0.89) were both able to estimate ER, but the model based on physical properties performed slightly better. The insights from the relationships from the sensory and physical measures can both be used to modify the texture of breads, to effectively decrease ER and eventually help to prevent overconsumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 24","pages":" 12244-12255"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/fo/d4fo04297b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein digestibility and techno-functional performance of milk-alternative prototypes based on combinations of lentil and cereal protein†","authors":"Theresa Boeck, Laura Nyhan, Emanuele Zannini and Elke K. Arendt","doi":"10.1039/D4FO04103H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO04103H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Lentil protein isolate was combined with proteins from oat, rice, brewer's spent grain (BSGP) and wheat to achieve plant-based milk alternatives (PBMA) with improved protein quality and functionality. Due to the complementary amino acid (AA) profile of pulse protein which is high in lysine, and cereal protein which is high in sulphur amino acids, their combination at an optimised ratio resulted in a protein blend with a significantly improved indispensable amino acid score (IAAS) compared to the single ingredients. All protein combinations with lentil except for wheat resulted in a full IAAS for adults. The <em>in vitro</em> protein digestibility was assessed using the static INFOGEST digestion model to calculate the proxy <em>in vitro</em> DIAAS (PIVDIAAS) of the emulsions. Techno-functional properties such as particle size, rheological behaviour and physical stability were investigated. The PIVDIAAS of the combined protein emulsions was found to be 0.72, 0.78, 0.83, 0.98 for lentil + wheat, lentil + oat, lentil + BSGP and lentil + rice emulsions, respectively, compared to 0.48, 0.25, 0.5, 0.67 and 0.81 determined for the emulsions based on lentil, wheat, oat, BSGP and rice alone, respectively. The emulsions based on the combination of lentil and cereal protein also showed improved physical stability regarding sedimentation and creaming, and a higher whiteness index of the emulsions. It could be shown that the combination of lentil and cereal protein is a promising strategy to achieve PBMAs with improved protein quality and techno-functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 24","pages":" 12228-12243"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Human milk oligosaccharides and milk fat globule membrane reduce allergic reactions in mice through the modulation of gut microbiota and metabolic functions","authors":"Xinzhang Chen, Shengjun Yang, Zhengtao Guo, Bailiang Li, Zhongjiang Wang and Lianzhou Jiang","doi":"10.1039/D4FO90117G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO90117G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Human milk oligosaccharides and milk fat globule membrane reduce allergic reactions in mice through the modulation of gut microbiota and metabolic functions’ by Xinzhang Chen <em>et al.</em>, <em>Food Funct.</em>, 2024, <strong>15</strong>, 11252–11265, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4FO03851G.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 24","pages":" 12258-12258"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/fo/d4fo90117g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substituting animal protein with black soymilk reduces advanced glycation end product level and improves gut microbiota composition in obese prediabetic individuals: a randomized crossover intervention trial†","authors":"Yu-Ho Chang, Pei-Ni Lee, Cheng-Hsu Chen, Hsin-Yi Yang, Chi-Hao Wu, Jia-Yau Doong and Wan-Ju Yeh","doi":"10.1039/D4FO04717F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4FO04717F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Prediabetes (PreDM) and obesity increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Individuals with these conditions often consume diets higher in animal protein than in plant protein, which are associated with elevated levels of dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs). Increased dAGE intake has been linked to blood glucose abnormalities, oxidative stress, and dysbiosis of the microbiota, all of which exacerbate metabolic disorders. Black soybeans, as a plant-based protein source, contain substantially lower levels of dAGEs compared with pork. This study aimed to investigate the effects of substituting animal protein with black soybeans on advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels, oxidative stress, and the gut microbiota in individuals with both PreDM and obesity. This study was a randomized crossover intervention trial conducted over 16 weeks. We recruited men and women aged 20–64 years with both prediabetes and obesity. This study had four periods: 0–4 weeks for the run-in period, 4–8 weeks and 12–16 weeks for the pork or black soymilk intervention period, and 8–12 weeks for the wash-out period. During the intervention period, the participants consumed pork or black soymilk with similar protein content as their dietary protein source. The participants maintained 3 day dietary records, and we measured anthropometric items and collected blood and fecal samples for analysis. The results showed that partially substituting pork with black soymilk as a dietary protein source for 4 weeks significantly reduced dAGE intake. The black soymilk group also exhibited significantly lower blood AGE fluorescence intensity, oxidative stress, and levels of glycative stress markers. Furthermore, black soymilk consumption significantly increased the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing genera compared with pork consumption. In conclusion, partially substituting dietary pork with black soymilk may reduce serum AGE levels, reduce oxidative and glycation stress, and increase the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing microbiota in individuals with both PreDM and obesity. Registration number of Clinical Trial: NCT05290519 (ClinicalTrials.gov).</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" 1","pages":" 195-206"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}