Reports (MDPI)最新文献

{"title":"Multidisciplinary Care Approach to Asymptomatic Brugada Syndrome in Pregnancy: A Case Report.","authors":"Isabella Marechal-Ross, Kathryn Austin","doi":"10.3390/reports8030138","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Clinical Significance:</b> Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a rare inherited cardiac channelopathy, often associated with SCN5A loss-of-function mutations. Clinical presentations range from asymptomatic to malignant arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Physiological and pharmacological stressors affecting sodium channel function-such as pyrexia, certain medications, and possibly pregnancy-may unmask or exacerbate arrhythmic risk. However, there is limited information regarding pregnancy and obstetric outcomes. Obstetric management remains largely informed by isolated case reports and small case series. A literature review was conducted using OVID Medline and Embase, identifying case reports, case series, and one retrospective cohort study reporting clinical presentation, obstetric management, and outcomes in maternal BrS. A case is presented detailing coordinated multidisciplinary input, antenatal surveillance, and intrapartum and postpartum care to contribute to the growing evidence base guiding obstetric care in this complex setting. <b>Case Presentation:</b> A 30-year-old G2P0 woman with asymptomatic BrS (SCN5A-positive) was referred at 31 + 5 weeks' gestation for multidisciplinary antenatal care. Regular review and collaborative planning involving cardiology, anaesthetics, maternal-fetal medicine, and obstetrics guided a plan for vaginal delivery with continuous cardiac and fetal monitoring. At 38 + 0 weeks, the woman presented with spontaneous rupture of membranes and underwent induction of labour. A normal vaginal delivery was achieved without arrhythmic events. Epidural block with ropivacaine and local anaesthesia with lignocaine were well tolerated, and 24 h postpartum monitoring revealed no abnormalities. <b>Conclusions:</b> This case adds to the limited but growing literature suggesting that with individualised planning and multidisciplinary care, pregnancies in women with BrS can proceed safely and without complication. Ongoing case reporting is essential to inform future guidelines and optimise maternal and fetal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12371905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boomerang Sign in the Splenium of the Corpus Callosum After Vestibullar Schwannoma Treatment: Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Maciej Laskowski, Bartłomiej Błaszczyk, Marcin Setlak, Adam Rudnik, Ewa Warmuz-Uhma, Jan Herzyk","doi":"10.3390/reports8030136","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Clinical Significance</b>: The term \"boomerang sign\" refers to a boomerang-shaped area of cytotoxic edema in the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is seen as hyperintense lesions on T2-weighted images, FLAIR and DWI in MRI. No specific pathomechanism leading to these changes in the splenium have been yet found; however, authors have listed a variety of potential causes. <b>Case Presentation</b>: The case presents a 38-year-old male patient after left cerebellopontine angle tumor resection with an abnormal, increased signal intensity within the corpus callosum (boomerang sign) in FLAIR MRI sequence. In the case of our patient, unlike the patients described in the literature, the changes in the commissure persist. <b>Conclusions</b>: These lesions could be caused by several factors such as the development of cerebellar edema and subarachnoid bleeding or hypertonic salt usage while in the intensive care unit.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal Cytokine Collision: HLH-AIHA in Advanced AIDS-Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Xiaoyi Zhang, Maria Felix Torres Nolasco, Wing Fai Li, Toru Yoshino, Manasa Anipindi","doi":"10.3390/reports8030137","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Clinical Significance</b>: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) are both life-threatening hematologic syndromes that rarely present together outside of malignancy. Advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) creates a milieu of profound immune dysregulation and hyperinflammation, predisposing patients to atypical overlaps of these disorders. <b>Case Presentation</b>: A 30-year-old woman with poorly controlled AIDS presented with three weeks of jaundice, fever, and fatigue. Initial labs revealed pancytopenia, hyperbilirubinemia, and elevated ferritin level. Direct anti-globulin testing confirmed warm AIHA (IgG⁺/C3d⁺) with transient cold agglutinins. Despite intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), rituximab, and transfusions, she developed hepatosplenomegaly, extreme hyperferritinemia, and sIL-2R > 10,000 pg/mL, meeting HLH-2004 criteria. Bone marrow biopsy excluded malignancy; further work-up revealed Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viremia and cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation. Dexamethasone plus reduced-dose etoposide transiently reduced soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) but precipitated profound pancytopenia, Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from CMV/parainfluenza pneumonia, bilateral deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). She ultimately died of hemorrhagic shock after anticoagulation despite maximal supportive measures. <b>Conclusions</b>: This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of HLH-AIHA overlap in AIDS, where cytopenias and hyperferritinemia mask the underlying cytokine storm. Pathogenesis likely involved IL-6/IFN-γ overproduction, impaired cytotoxic T-cell function, and molecular mimicry. While etoposide remains a cornerstone of HLH therapy, its myelotoxicity proved catastrophic in this immunocompromised host, highlighting the urgent need for cytokine-targeted agents to mitigate treatment-related mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal Gout: A Rare but Serious Mimicker of Spinal Pathology-Report of Two Cases.","authors":"Muhammad Ishfaq, Rajeesh George, Rohan De Silva","doi":"10.3390/reports8030135","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this report of two cases, we describe two patients with spinal involvement of gout. The first case involved a 67-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with a one-week history of weakness in both the upper and lower limbs, despite no prior history of gout. Cervical spine MRI revealed spinal cord compression at the C4 level from a posterior lesion. During surgery, chalky white deposits consistent with gouty tophi were observed in the ligamentum flavum within the epidural space at C4. These intraoperative findings correlated with elevated serum uric acid levels. The second case concerned a 68-year-old male who presented with a five-day history of right lower limb pain along with bilateral knee discomfort. Radiologic and laboratory evaluations revealed elevated inflammatory markers, negatively birefringent crystals in knee joint aspirate, spondylodiscitis at the L5-S1 level, and a right-sided synovial cyst at the T10-T11 level causing spinal cord compression. Following the initiation of anti-gout therapy, the patient experienced significant clinical improvement, normalization of inflammatory markers, and radiologic resolution of the thoracic synovial cyst.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catatonia in a Possible Case of Moderate Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Daniel Ungureanu, Patricia-Ștefania Mitrea, Silvina Iluț, Aurora Taloș, Cătălina-Angela Crișan","doi":"10.3390/reports8030134","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Clinical Significance</b>: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening condition usually caused by the exposure to antipsychotics. This case report presents a catatonia syndrome that may have developed in the context of a moderate NMS. <b>Case Presentation</b>: An 18-year-old male patient presented with a treatment-resistant catatonia syndrome that debuted 2 weeks prior to the presentation (creatin kinase levels = 4908 U/L, maximum temperature = 38.9°C, white blood count = 13.20 × 10⁹/L, Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale = 30 points). Possible organic causes of catatonia were ruled out, according to the negative results obtained. The patient's condition improved under benzodiazepine treatment and he was later discharged. After discharge, the catatonia was attributed to a possible NMS with moderate severity. The diagnosis was supported by NMS Diagnosis Criteria Score = 85 points and the presence of Levenson's triad. <b>Conclusions</b>: This case highlights the concomitant manifestation of both catatonia and NMS in the same patient and the difficulty of establishing a correct diagnosis involving both entities.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melanotrichoblastoma: A Histopathological Case Report of a Rare Pigmented Variant of Trichoblastoma.","authors":"George S Stoyanov, Ivaylo Balabanov, Svetoslava Zhivkova, Hristo Popov","doi":"10.3390/reports8030130","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and clinical significance:</b> Trichoblastomas are rare, mixed epithelial tumors with a mesenchymal component and hair follicle differentiation. <b>Case presentation:</b> Herein, we present a case report of a 51-year-old female patient presenting to the obstetrics and gynecology department with complaints of edema and erythema of the right Bartholin gland, and a lesion measuring 2 cm on the right lateral edge of the mons pubis, towards the inguinal fold. Marsupialization of the Bartholin gland was performed, as well as an incision into the pubo-inguinal lesion, which the patient depicted as grossly resembling an ingrown hair. Upon incision into the pubic-inguinal lesion, it was dark brown in color and spontaneously popped out of the subcutis, without an attempt at enucleation. Histology and subsequent immunohistochemistry of the lesion showed a blue basaloid tumor with an extensive pigment component located deep in the dermis that was sharply demarcated from the surrounding tissues. <b>Conclusion:</b> Immunohistochemistry was diffusely and strongly positive for epithelial markers; melanocytic markers were positive only in dendritic melanocytes dispersed within the tumors, and the proliferative index was low. As such, the tumor was identified as melanotrichoblastoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation in Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy: A Case Report.","authors":"Sara Mogedano-Cruz, Carlos Romero-Morales, Mónica de la Cueva-Reguera, Kristin L Campbell, Pablo Herrero","doi":"10.3390/reports8030133","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Clinical Significance</b>: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent and limiting complication of oncological treatment, particularly in patients receiving oxaliplatin. Its onset can significantly affect the quality of life and compromise the continuity of the antineoplastic therapy. Due to the limited efficacy of available pharmacological therapies, percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) has been proposed as a non-invasive alternative for symptom management. <b>Case presentation</b>: We report the case of a 75-year-old woman with colorectal adenocarcinoma who developed CIPN following oxaliplatin administration. She underwent a 12-week course of PENS targeting the median nerve, with weekly sessions conducted without interruption of chemotherapy and without adverse effects. The patient showed progressive improvement in neurosensory symptoms, as measured by the EORTC QLQ-CIPN20 questionnaire. Quantitative sensory testing revealed normalization of thermal and vibratory sensitivity and improved mechanical detection thresholds. The cumulative oxaliplatin dose was maintained throughout treatment. <b>Conclusions</b>: PENS may offer an effective and safe therapeutic option for managing CIPN, enabling symptom control without compromising oncological treatment. This case supports the need for controlled clinical trials to confirm efficacy and establish standardized protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Spinal Analgesia or Anesthesia Safe After Labor Epidural Analgesia? Reporting Two Cases of High Neuraxial Block and Mini-Review of the Literature.","authors":"Arsen Uvelin, Marijana Cavrić-Dragičević, Borislava Pujić, Lidija Jovanović, Teodora Tubić, Radmila Popović","doi":"10.3390/reports8030129","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Clinical significance:</b> Single-shot spinal anesthesia for intrapartum Cesarean section has recently been incriminated in carrying a high risk of high neuraxial block (HNB) occurrence in parturients receiving labor epidural analgesia. The so-called volume effect of the epidurally injected solution causes a contraction of the dural sack and unexpected HNB. <b>Case presentation:</b> We present two cases of HNB in parturients receiving epidural analgesia. The first case describes the 36-year-old patient G3P2, who was administered a repeated rescue analgesia single-shot spinal injection with low-dose local anesthetic (levobupivacaine, 3 mg) following non-functional combined spinal-epidural analgesia. The second case describes the 28-year-old parturient G1P0, who experienced HNB after single-shot spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine (7.5 mg) following labor epidural analgesia. <b>Conclusions:</b> Intrathecal administration of local anesthetic for the purpose of spinal analgesia or anesthesia in a parturient with epidural analgesia can cause unexpected HNB and could occur even at low doses of intrathecally administered medications. The interplay of numerous variables and circumstances in the specific case can result in the occurrence of HNB. We assume that in our first case, the volume effect and repeated dural puncture, and in the second case, the low height of the parturient coupled with the volume effect, played significant role in the occurrence of HNB.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12371906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue Nevi and Melanoma Arising in Blue Nevus: A Comparative Histopathological Case Series.","authors":"Hristo Popov, Pavel Pavlov, George S Stoyanov","doi":"10.3390/reports8030131","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Clinical Significance:</b> Blue nevi are a dubious pigmented lesion. While somewhat common throughout the population, they are significantly less common than other melanocytic neoplasms, and both their morphology and development bring them closer to true hamartomas than neoplasms. An exceedingly rare occurrence is the development of melanoma from a preexisting blue nevus. This nosological unit, defined as melanoma arising in a blue nevus, also known as malignant blue nevus, blue naevus-like melanoma, melanoma ex-blue naevus, and melanoma mimicking cellular blue naevus, is required to either originate from an area of previously excised blue nevus or have a blue nevus remnant adjacent to it. Due to the spindle cell morphology of melanoma arising in blue nevus, the terminology is often misused by some authors to include spindle cell melanomas, which exhibit a distinct pathogenesis and, although morphologically similar, have differing molecular profiles as well. <b>Case presentations:</b> The following manuscript discusses comparative morphological features in a case series of blue nevi and melanoma arising in blue nevi. <b>Discussion:</b> Blue nevi present with unique morphological features, with melanomas originating from them having a unique molecular pathology profile, which significantly differs from other cutaneous melanomas and is closer to that of uveal melanomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12371955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric <i>Sarcina ventriculi</i>: A Report on Two Cases.","authors":"Yaomin Chen, Yu Liu, Zhiyan Fu","doi":"10.3390/reports8030128","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Clinical Significance</b>: <i>Sarcina ventriculi</i> is a rare Gram-positive coccus that thrives in acidic environments such as the human stomach. It has been increasingly identified in individuals with delayed gastric emptying and has been reported in association with various gastric disorders. However, its exact pathogenic role is not fully understood and remains controversial. <b>Case Presentation</b>: We present two cases of patients, one with a small bowel obstruction and the other with epigastric pain, both diagnosed with <i>Sarcina ventriculi</i> infection by histological examination of gastric biopsies. The patients were managed with a combination of antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor, resulting in symptom resolution and clearance of <i>Sarcina ventriculi</i> upon follow-up examinations. <b>Conclusions</b>: This report explores the pathogenicity of <i>Sarcina ventriculi</i> by documenting its presence in symptomatic patients without other identifiable pathogens and demonstrating complete symptom resolution following targeted therapy. These findings raise the possibility of <i>Sarcina ventriculi</i>'s pathogenic potential under specific clinical conditions, suggesting it may act as more than a benign colonizer.</p>","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12371949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}