Biofilm最新文献

{"title":"Surfactin accelerates Bacillus subtilis pellicle biofilm development","authors":"Rune Overlund Stannius ,&nbsp;Sarah Fusco ,&nbsp;Michael S. Cowled ,&nbsp;Ákos T. Kovács","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surfactin is a biosurfactant produced by many <em>B. subtilis</em> strains with a wide variety of functions from lowering surface tension to allowing motility of bacterial swarms, acting as a signaling molecule, and even exhibiting antimicrobial activities. However, the impact of surfactin during biofilm formation has been debated with variable findings between studies depending on the experimental conditions.</div><div>B. subtilis is known to form biofilms at the solid-air, the solid-medium, and the liquid-air interfaces, the latter of which is known as a pellicle biofilm. Pellicle formation is a complex process requiring coordinated movement to the liquid-air interface and subsequent cooperative production of biofilm matrix components to allow robust pellicle biofilm formation. This makes pellicle formation a promising model system for assaying factors in biofilm formation and regulation.</div><div>Here, we assayed the influence of surfactin and additional metabolites on the timing of pellicle biofilm formation. Using time-lapse imaging, we assayed pellicle formation timing in 12 <em>B. subtilis</em> isolates and found that one, MB9_B4, was significantly delayed in pellicle formation by approximately 10 h. MB9_B4 was previously noted to lack robust surfactin production. Indeed, deletion of surfactin synthesis in the other isolates delayed pellicle formation. Further, pellicle delay was rescued by addition of exogeneous surfactin. Testing reporters of biofilm-related gene expression revealed that induction of pellicle formation was caused by a combination of increased gene expression of one of the biofilm components and promotion of growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of Candida albicans","authors":"Shuai Wang ,&nbsp;Shiwang Xie ,&nbsp;Tianmeng Li ,&nbsp;Jun Liu ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Li Gu ,&nbsp;Dan Luo ,&nbsp;Ming Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biofilm formation of <em>Candida albicans</em>, a major human fungal pathogen, represents a crucial virulence factor during candidiasis. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, has emerged as a potential antibiofilm agent against <em>C</em>. <em>albicans</em>. Herein, we aim to investigate the antifungal effect of EPA (1 mM) on the mature biofilm of <em>C. albicans</em> and explore the underlying mechanism. Crystal violet and XTT assays showed that EPA exerted a strong inhibitory efficacy on preformed biofilms in <em>C. albicans</em>. Biofilm architecture and cell viability were observed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy, indicating that EPA could block the yeast-to-hypha transition and damage the structure, thereby exhibiting antibiofilm activity. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that EPA treatment led to the downregulation of genes associated with hyphal formation and biofilm development. From the signaling pathway perspective, EPA regulated the <em>C. albicans</em> biofilms involving two signaling pathways, namely, Ras1-cAMP-PKA and Cek-MAPK pathways. Additionally, the EPA could effectively reduce the production of key messenger cAMP in the Ras1-cAMP-PKA pathway. Interestingly, in response to EPA, ergosterol biosynthesis-related genes were down-regulated, indicating EPA as antifungal agent might reduce the risk of developing drug resistance. The findings of this study highlight the potential of EPA as an alternative or adjunctive antibiofilm agent against <em>C. albicans</em>-related infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multipronged impact of environmental temperature on Staphylococcus aureus infection by phage Kayvirus rodi: Implications for biofilm control","authors":"Lucía Fernández ,&nbsp;Ana Catarina Duarte ,&nbsp;Andrea Jurado ,&nbsp;Laura Bueres ,&nbsp;Ana Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Pilar García","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental cues sometimes have a direct impact on phage particle stability, as well as bacterial physiology and metabolism, having a profound effect on phage infection outcome. Here, we explore the impact of temperature on the interplay between phage <em>Kayvirus rodi</em> (phiIPLA-RODI) and its host, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Our results show that phiIPLA-RODI is a more effective predator at room (25 °C) compared to body temperature (37 °C) against planktonic cultures of several strains with varying degrees of phage susceptibility. This result differs from most known examples of temperature-dependent phage infection, in which optimum infection is correlated with the host growth rate. Further characterization of this phenomenon was carried out with strains IPLA15 and IPLA16, whose respective MICs were 7 log units and a 1-log unit higher at 37 °C than at 25 °C. Our results demonstrated that the phage also had a greater impact at room temperature during biofilm development and for the treatment of preformed biofilms. There was no difference in phage adsorption between the two temperatures for strain IPLA16. Conversely, adsorption of phiIPLA-RODI to IPLA15 was reduced at 37 °C compared to 25 °C. Moreover, confocal microscopy analysis indicated that the biofilm matrix of both strains has a greater content of PIA/PNAG at 37 °C than at 25 °C. Regarding infection parameters, we observed longer duration of the lytic cycle at 25 °C for both strains, and infection of IPLA15 by phiIPLA-RODI resulted in a smaller burst size at 37 °C than at 25 °C. Finally, we also found that the rate of phage resistant mutant selection was higher at 37 °C for both strains. Altogether, this information highlights the impact that bacterial responses to environmental factors have on phage-host interactions. Moreover, phage phiIPLA-RODI appears to be a highly effective candidate for biofilm disinfection at room temperature, while its efficacy in biofilm-related infections will require combination with other antimicrobials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cystic fibrosis and the clinical biofilm revolution A survey of the Danish CF Center's contribution","authors":"Niels Høiby","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Biofilm infections are chronic infections which are difficult to diagnose. Biofilm infections are tolerant to antibiotics and the defense mechanisms of the host. Patients with the genetic disease cystic fibrosis (CF) produce viscid mucus in the respiratory tract and therefore suffer from chronic biofilm infections in their lungs and paranasal sinuses.</div><div>The most important microorganism is the mucoid phenotype of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> which causes chronic biofilm infections in the lungs of CF patients and untreated patients succumb as children if they contact this biofilm infection.</div><div>Since CF patients are treated in CF Centers all over the world, it is possible to do longitudinal studies on epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> biofilm infection which is not possible if such patients are not followed in specialized centers.</div><div>This survey describes the research through several decades in the Danish CF Center in Copenhagen which have changed the epidemiology, treatment, prophylaxis and prognosis of CF patients worldwide. Based on these results ESCMID Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of biofilm infections were published which have influenced biofilm research and treatment in other areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating Candida albicans virulence by targeted relay of pulcherriminic acid during antagonistic biofilm formation by Bacillus subtilis","authors":"Satish Kumar Rajasekharan ,&nbsp;Leticia Lima Angelini ,&nbsp;Yulia Kroupitski ,&nbsp;Esther W. Mwangi ,&nbsp;Yunrong Chai ,&nbsp;Moshe Shemesh","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The antagonistic biofilms formed by probiotic Bacilli may significantly mitigate persistent strains of <em>Candida albicans</em>, which are often involved in severe oral, vulvovaginal or systemic infections in humans. Here, we report on a spatiotemporal antagonistic activity mediated through pulcherriminic acid (PA) production by biofilm-forming <em>B. subtilis</em>, which is subsequently transported to the extracellular environment and binds ferric iron to form red-coloured pigment pulcherrimin. We show that the pulcherrimin building-up is targeted towards the <em>C. albicans</em> macrocolony via <em>B. subtilis</em> biofilm branching and successive PA relay. Furthermore, biofilm-forming <em>B. subtilis</em> cells demonstrate robust hyphal colonization that results subsequent eradication of <em>C. albicans</em>. Besides, extracted pulcherrimin mitigates <em>C. albicans</em> biofilm formation and yeast-to-hyphae (Y–H) transition. We further find that the mode of hyphal colonization could be regulated via SpoA-SinI pathway, while pulcherrimin relay is connected to surfactin production machinery. We assume therefore that the pulcherrimin relay for iron hijacking, in parallel to the direct hyphal colonization by biofilm-forming Bacilli, may provide a promising platform for developing therapeutic concepts to overcome antibiotic persistence in pathogenic yeasts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of phages and antibiotics with enhanced killing efficacy against dual-species bacterial communities in a three-dimensional lung epithelial model","authors":"Ergun Akturk ,&nbsp;Graça Pinto ,&nbsp;Lisa Ostyn ,&nbsp;Aurélie Crabbé ,&nbsp;Luís D.R. Melo ,&nbsp;Joana Azeredo ,&nbsp;Tom Coenye","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> are opportunistic pathogens commonly found in biofilm-associated polymicrobial respiratory infections that are challenging to control. Studies performed in laboratory standard conditions suggest that bacterio(phages) and antibiotic combinations are more active against bacterial communities and biofilms than each agent alone. The purpose of this work was to study the antibacterial efficacy of phage-antibiotic combinations using an <em>in vivo</em>-like three-dimensional lung epithelial model that mimics aspects of the parental tissue, colonized by a mixed bacterial community of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>. The bacterial population was targeted by phages specific to <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and/or gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. The results showed that <em>P. aeruginosa</em> was eradicated from the dual-species community when phage treatment was followed by gentamicin and was significantly reduced when followed by ciprofloxacin. Moreover, applying phages first followed by antibiotics demonstrated superior antibacterial activity compared to simultaneous treatment or treatments with the reverse order of application. This approach also reduced the <em>S. aureus</em> population but not as significant as the <em>P. aeruginosa</em> population. Using an <em>in vivo</em>-like model we demonstrated that phages and antibiotics are effective against dual-species bacterial communities, particularly targeting the <em>P. aeruginosa</em> population. However, but the sequence in which these antimicrobials are applied significantly in fluences the effectiveness of bacterial killing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RpoN mediates biofilm formation by directly controlling vps gene cluster and c-di-GMP synthetic metabolism in V. alginolyticus","authors":"Na Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanhua Zeng ,&nbsp;Jiachengzi Ye ,&nbsp;Chuancao Lin ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Gong ,&nbsp;Hao Long ,&nbsp;Haimin Chen ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em> is a prevalent pathogen in both humans and marine species, exhibiting high adaptability to various adverse environmental conditions. Our previous studies have shown that Δ<em>rpoN</em> formed three enhanced biofilm types, including spectacular surface-attached biofilm (SB), scattered pellicle biofilm (PB), and colony rugosity. However, the precise mechanism through which <em>rpoN</em> regulates biofilm formation has remained unclear. Based on the critical role of Vibrio exopolysaccharide (VPS) in biofilm formation, several genes related to the production and regulation of VPS were characterized in <em>V. alginolyticus</em>. Our findings from mutant strains indicated that VPS has complete control over the formation of rugose colony morphology and PB, while it only partially contributes to SB formation. Among the four transcriptional regulators of the <em>vps</em> gene cluster, <em>vpsR</em> and VA3545 act as promoters, whereas VA3546 and VA2703 function as repressors. Through transcriptome analysis and c-di-GMP concentration determination, VA0356 and VA3580 which encoded diguanylate cyclase were found to mediate the Δ<em>rpoN</em> biofilm formation. As a central regulator, <em>rpoN</em> governed biofilm formation through two regulatory pathways. Firstly, it directly bound to the upstream region of VA4206 to regulate the expression of the <em>vps</em> gene cluster (VA4206-VA4196). Secondly, it directly and indirectly modulated c-di-GMP synthesis gene VA3580 and VA0356, respectively, thereby affecting c-di-GMP concentration and subsequently influencing the expression of <em>vps</em> transcription activators <em>vpsR</em> and VA3545. Under conditions promoting SB formation, Δ<em>rpoN</em> was unable to thrive below the liquid level due to significantly reduced activities of three catalytic enzymes (ACK, ADH, and ALDH) involved in pyruvate metabolism, but tended to reproduce in air-liquid interface, a high oxygen niche compared to the liquid phase. In conclusion, both exopolysaccharide synthesis and oxygen-related metabolism contributed to Δ<em>rpoN</em> biofilm formation. The role of RpoN-mediated hypoxic metabolism and biofilm formation were crucial for comprehending the colonization and pathogenicity of <em>V. alginolyticus</em> in hosts, providing a novel target for treating <em>V. alginolyticus</em> in aquatic environments and hosts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11722192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations into the growth and formation of biofilm by Leptospira biflexa at temperatures encountered during infection","authors":"Priscyla dos Santos Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Judith Stasko ,&nbsp;Adrienne Shircliff ,&nbsp;Luis Guilherme Fernandes ,&nbsp;Ellie J. Putz ,&nbsp;Claire Andreasen ,&nbsp;Vasco Azevedo ,&nbsp;Paula Ristow ,&nbsp;Jarlath E. Nally","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Leptospira</em> comprises unique atypical spirochete bacteria that includes the etiological agent of leptospirosis, a globally important zoonosis. Biofilms are microecosystems composed of microorganisms embedded in a self-produced matrix that offers protection against hostile factors. Leptospires form biofilms <em>in vitro, in situ</em> in rice fields and unsanitary urban areas, and <em>in vivo</em> while colonizing rodent kidneys. The complex three-dimensional biofilm matrix includes secreted polymeric substances such as proteins, extracellular DNA (eDNA), and saccharides. The genus <em>Leptospira</em> comprises pathogenic and saprophytic species with the saprophytic <em>L. biflexa</em> being commonly used as a model organism for the genus. In this study, the growth and formation of biofilms by <em>L. biflexa</em> was investigated not just at 29 °C, but at 37 °C/5 % CO₂, a temperature similar to that encountered during host infection. Planktonic free-living <em>L. biflexa</em> grow in HAN media at both 29 °C and 37 °C/5 % CO_2, but cells grown at 37 °C/5 % CO₂ are longer (18.52 μm ± 3.39) compared to those at 29 °C (13.93 μm ± 2.84). Biofilms formed at 37 °C/5 % CO₂ had more biomass compared to 29 °C, as determined by crystal violet staining. Confocal microscopy determined that the protein content within the biofilm matrix was more prominent than double-stranded DNA, and featured a distinct layer attached to the solid substrate. Additionally, the model enabled effective protein extraction for proteomic comparison across different biofilm phenotypes. Results highlight an important role for proteins in biofilm matrix structure by leptospires and the identification of their specific protein components holds promise for strategies to mitigate biofilm formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usnic acid brief exposure suppresses cariogenic properties and complexity of Streptococcus mutans biofilms","authors":"Santosh Pandit ,&nbsp;Mi-A Kim ,&nbsp;Ji-Eun Jung ,&nbsp;Hyeon-Mi Choi ,&nbsp;Jae-Gyu Jeon","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial biofilms are highly structured surface associated architecture of micro-colonies, which are strongly bonded with the exopolymeric matrix of their own synthesis. These exopolymeric substances, mainly exopolysaccharides (EPS) initially assist the bacterial adhesion and finally form a bridge over the microcolonies to protect them from environmental assaults and antimicrobial exposure. Bacterial cells in dental biofilm metabolize dietary carbohydrates and produce organic acids. The blanket of exopolysaccharides over the bacterial communities hinders the buffering by saliva, contributing to the initiation of tooth decay followed by the progression of dental caries. Considering the current interest towards the use of natural antimicrobial agents to disarm the cariogenic properties of dental biofilm, this study evaluated the antimicrobial activity and the effect of twice daily brief exposure (1 min) of usnic acid on acid production, acid tolerance and development of 3-dimensional architecture of <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> biofilm. Herein, biofilms were briefly treated twice daily during biofilm development and biofilms were analyzed by using biochemical, microbiological and microscopic examination. Results obtained in this study showed a significant reduction in virulence properties of biofilm cells treated with usnic acid in compared to non-treated biofilms. Furthermore, twice daily brief exposure of usnic acid significantly disrupted the acid production and reduced the complexity of <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> biofilm by disrupting the EPS production. Brief exposure of usnic acid inhibited the production of glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzymes and their enzymatic activity leading to inhibition in production of EPS on the biofilm matrix. In conclusion, usnic acid treatment reduced the cariogenic properties and complexity of <em>S. mutans</em> biofilm by inhibiting acid production, acid tolerance and disrupting extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) formation, indicating its potential for preventing dental caries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100241"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Gap: Biofilm-mediated establishment of Bacillus velezensis on Trichoderma guizhouense mycelia","authors":"Jiyu Xie ,&nbsp;Xinli Sun ,&nbsp;Yanwei Xia ,&nbsp;Lili Tao ,&nbsp;Taimeng Tan ,&nbsp;Nan Zhang ,&nbsp;Weibing Xun ,&nbsp;Ruifu Zhang ,&nbsp;Ákos T. Kovács ,&nbsp;Zhihui Xu ,&nbsp;Qirong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs) are important in ecosystem dynamics, especially within the soil rhizosphere. The bacterium <em>Bacillus velezensis</em> SQR9 and the fungus <em>Trichoderma guizhouense</em> NJAU 4742 have gathered considerable attention due to their roles in promoting plant growth and protecting their host against pathogens. In this study, we utilized these two model microorganisms to investigate BFIs. We firstly demonstrate that while co-inoculation of <em>B. velezensis</em> and <em>T. guizhouense</em> could promote tomato growth, these two microorganisms display mutual antagonism on agar solidified medium. To resolve this contradiction, we developed an inoculation method, that allows <em>B. velezensis</em> colonization of <em>T</em>. <em>guizhouense</em> hyphae and performed a transcriptome analysis. During colonization of the fungal hyphae, <em>B. velezensis</em> SQR9 upregulates expression of biofilm related genes (e.g. <em>eps, tasA</em>, and <em>bslA)</em> that is distinct from free-living cells. This result suggested an intricate association between extracellular matrix expression and hyphae colonization. In accordance, deletion <em>epsD</em>, <em>tasA, or</em> both <em>epsD</em> and <em>tasA</em> genes of <em>B. velezensis</em> diminished colonization of the <em>T</em>. <em>guizhouense</em> hyphae. The insights from our study demonstrate that soil BFIs are more complex than we understood, potentially involving both competition and cooperation. These intricate biofilm-mediated BFI dynamics might contribute to the remarkable diversity observed within soil microbiota, providing a fresh perspective for further exploration of BFIs in the plant rhizosphere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}