Biofilm最新文献

{"title":"A comprehensive analysis of the effect of quorum-sensing molecule 3-oxo-C12-homoserine lactone on Candida auris and Candida albicans","authors":"Fruzsina Kovács ,&nbsp;Ágnes Jakab ,&nbsp;Noémi Balla ,&nbsp;Zoltán Tóth ,&nbsp;Dávid Balázsi ,&nbsp;Lajos Forgács ,&nbsp;Andrea Harmath ,&nbsp;Aliz Bozó ,&nbsp;Ágota Ragyák ,&nbsp;László Majoros ,&nbsp;Renátó Kovács","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Candida auris</em> occupies similar niches in various infections as <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>; however, the details of their interspecies communication remain largely unknown. To gain deeper insights into this relationship, phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses were conducted in the presence of the primary <em>P. aeruginosa</em> quorum-sensing molecule, N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-<span>l</span>-homoserine lactone (HSL), against <em>C. auris</em>, with the results compared to those of <em>C. albicans</em>. Our findings indicate that HSL-induced effects are not specific to <em>C. albicans</em>; additionally, several characteristics are present in <em>C. auris</em> but not in <em>C. albicans</em> following HSL exposure. Significant HSL-induced reduction was observed in growth and adhesion of <em>C. auris</em> cells in time -and concentration-dependent way (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01-0.001). Moreover, HSL reduced intracellular iron and zinc levels (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05-0.001); furthermore, it modulated <em>C. auris</em> metabolism toward beta-oxidation, which may be associated with the observed reduction in <em>in vivo</em> virulence at lower HSL concentrations compared with <em>C. albicans</em>. RNA-sequencing transcriptome analysis of <em>C. auris</em> revealed 67 and 306 upregulated genes, as well as 111 and 168 downregulated genes, in response to 100 and 200-μM HSL, respectively. We identified 45 overlapping upregulated and 25 overlapping downregulated genes between the two HSL concentrations. Similar to other <em>Candida</em>-derived C12 compounds (e.g., farnesol), HSL reduces several <em>C. auris</em> survival strategies, which may significantly influence the nature of <em>P. aeruginosa–C. auris</em> co-habitation. In conclusion, the obtained findings on <em>C. auris</em> do not provide clear evidence that HSL mediated effects have any favourable consequences in terms of <em>P. aeruginosa</em>-<em>C. auris</em> co-colonisation and/or co-infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating Candida albicans virulence by targeted relay of pulcherriminic acid during antagonistic biofilm formation by Bacillus subtilis","authors":"Satish Kumar Rajasekharan ,&nbsp;Leticia Lima Angelini ,&nbsp;Yulia Kroupitski ,&nbsp;Esther W. Mwangi ,&nbsp;Yunrong Chai ,&nbsp;Moshe Shemesh","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The antagonistic biofilms formed by probiotic Bacilli may significantly mitigate persistent strains of <em>Candida albicans</em>, which are often involved in severe oral, vulvovaginal or systemic infections in humans. Here, we report on a spatiotemporal antagonistic activity mediated through pulcherriminic acid (PA) production by biofilm-forming <em>B. subtilis</em>, which is subsequently transported to the extracellular environment and binds ferric iron to form red-coloured pigment pulcherrimin. We show that the pulcherrimin building-up is targeted towards the <em>C. albicans</em> macrocolony via <em>B. subtilis</em> biofilm branching and successive PA relay. Furthermore, biofilm-forming <em>B. subtilis</em> cells demonstrate robust hyphal colonization that results subsequent eradication of <em>C. albicans</em>. Besides, extracted pulcherrimin mitigates <em>C. albicans</em> biofilm formation and yeast-to-hyphae (Y–H) transition. We further find that the mode of hyphal colonization could be regulated via SpoA-SinI pathway, while pulcherrimin relay is connected to surfactin production machinery. We assume therefore that the pulcherrimin relay for iron hijacking, in parallel to the direct hyphal colonization by biofilm-forming Bacilli, may provide a promising platform for developing therapeutic concepts to overcome antibiotic persistence in pathogenic yeasts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Squalamine and claramine A1 disperse Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm","authors":"Anne-Sophie Tareau ,&nbsp;Ali Tahrioui ,&nbsp;Mathieu Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Evan Croize ,&nbsp;Jennifer Varin Simon ,&nbsp;Magalie Barreau ,&nbsp;Audrey David ,&nbsp;Fany Reffuveille ,&nbsp;Jean-Michel Brunel ,&nbsp;Olivier Lesouhaitier ,&nbsp;Sylvie Chevalier","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> is an opportunistic pathogen that causes both acute and chronic infections, including pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, and surgical site infections. It poses a significant threat to individuals with chronic lung conditions, particularly those with cystic fibrosis. Squalamine and claramine A1 have emerged as promising antibacterial compounds, exhibiting activity against a broad range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Beyond their potent antibacterial properties, our findings reveal that sub-inhibitory concentrations of claramine A1 and squalamine can disperse pre-formed <em>P. aeruginosa</em> biofilm without impacting bacterial growth. While claramine A1, but not squalamine, enhances membrane fluidity, the structural difference between these compounds lies primarily in their spermine and spermidine moieties. Notably, we found that spermine, unlike spermidine, was able to both disperse biofilm and increase membrane fluidity. Together, our results suggest that while both compounds are effective at disrupting <em>P. aeruginosa</em> biofilm, they likely act through distinct mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100293"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspartic acid unveils as antibiofilm agent and tobramycin adjuvant against mucoid and small colony variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in vitro within cystic fibrosis airway mucus","authors":"Rosana Monteiro ,&nbsp;Ana Margarida Sousa ,&nbsp;Maria Olívia Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotics are central to managing airway infections in cystic fibrosis (CF), yet current treatments often fail due to the presence of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> biofilms, settling down the need for seeking therapies targeting biofilms. This study aimed to investigate the antibiofilm activity of aspartic acid and its potential as an adjuvant to tobramycin against <em>P. aeruginosa</em> biofilms formed by mucoid and small colony variant (SCV) tobramycin tolerant strain. We assessed the effect of aspartic acid on both surface-attached and suspended <em>P. aeruginosa</em> biofilms within CF artificial mucus and investigated the synergistic impact of combining it with non-lethal tobramycin concentrations. Our findings showed that aspartic acid inhibited planktonic <em>P. aeruginosa</em> without affecting its viability and prevented biofilm formation by hindering bacterial adhesion or interfering with EPS production, depending on the experimental conditions. In CF mucus, aspartic acid significantly reduced bacterial growth, with the highest inhibition observed when combined with tobramycin, showing notable effects against the mucoid and tolerant SCV strain. Despite these reductions, <em>P. aeruginosa</em> repopulated the mucus within 24 h of stress withdrawal. Additional strategies, including delayed tobramycin application and a second dose of co-application of aspartic acid and tobramycin were explored to address bacterial survival and recovery. Although none of the strategies eradicated <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, the second co-application resulted in slower bacterial recovery rates.</div><div>In conclusion, this study highlighted aspartic acid as an effective antibiofilm agent and demonstrated for the first time its potential as an adjuvant to tobramycin. The combined use of aspartic acid and tobramycin offers a promising advancement in CF therapeutics, particularly against <em>P. aeruginosa</em> biofilms formed by mucoid and SCV strains, mitigating their antibiotic resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100252"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RpoN mediates biofilm formation by directly controlling vps gene cluster and c-di-GMP synthetic metabolism in V. alginolyticus","authors":"Na Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanhua Zeng ,&nbsp;Jiachengzi Ye ,&nbsp;Chuancao Lin ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Gong ,&nbsp;Hao Long ,&nbsp;Haimin Chen ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em> is a prevalent pathogen in both humans and marine species, exhibiting high adaptability to various adverse environmental conditions. Our previous studies have shown that Δ<em>rpoN</em> formed three enhanced biofilm types, including spectacular surface-attached biofilm (SB), scattered pellicle biofilm (PB), and colony rugosity. However, the precise mechanism through which <em>rpoN</em> regulates biofilm formation has remained unclear. Based on the critical role of Vibrio exopolysaccharide (VPS) in biofilm formation, several genes related to the production and regulation of VPS were characterized in <em>V. alginolyticus</em>. Our findings from mutant strains indicated that VPS has complete control over the formation of rugose colony morphology and PB, while it only partially contributes to SB formation. Among the four transcriptional regulators of the <em>vps</em> gene cluster, <em>vpsR</em> and VA3545 act as promoters, whereas VA3546 and VA2703 function as repressors. Through transcriptome analysis and c-di-GMP concentration determination, VA0356 and VA3580 which encoded diguanylate cyclase were found to mediate the Δ<em>rpoN</em> biofilm formation. As a central regulator, <em>rpoN</em> governed biofilm formation through two regulatory pathways. Firstly, it directly bound to the upstream region of VA4206 to regulate the expression of the <em>vps</em> gene cluster (VA4206-VA4196). Secondly, it directly and indirectly modulated c-di-GMP synthesis gene VA3580 and VA0356, respectively, thereby affecting c-di-GMP concentration and subsequently influencing the expression of <em>vps</em> transcription activators <em>vpsR</em> and VA3545. Under conditions promoting SB formation, Δ<em>rpoN</em> was unable to thrive below the liquid level due to significantly reduced activities of three catalytic enzymes (ACK, ADH, and ALDH) involved in pyruvate metabolism, but tended to reproduce in air-liquid interface, a high oxygen niche compared to the liquid phase. In conclusion, both exopolysaccharide synthesis and oxygen-related metabolism contributed to Δ<em>rpoN</em> biofilm formation. The role of RpoN-mediated hypoxic metabolism and biofilm formation were crucial for comprehending the colonization and pathogenicity of <em>V. alginolyticus</em> in hosts, providing a novel target for treating <em>V. alginolyticus</em> in aquatic environments and hosts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11722192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding interactions between biofilms and DNA nanoparticles","authors":"Alexandra Sousa ,&nbsp;Rutuparna Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Mona Johannessen ,&nbsp;Thorsten Wohland ,&nbsp;Nataša Škalko-Basnet ,&nbsp;Sybil Obuobi","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofilms present a great challenge in antimicrobial therapy due to their inherent tolerance to conventional antibiotics, promoting the need for advanced drug delivery strategies that improve therapy. While various nanoparticles (NPs) have been reported for this purpose, DNA-based NPs remain a largely unexploited resource against biofilm-associated infections. To fill this gap and to lay the groundwork for their potential therapeutic exploitation, we investigated the diffusion, penetration, and retention behaviors of three DNA-based nanocarriers —plain or modified—within <em>P. aeruginosa</em> biofilms. Watson-Crick base pairing or hydrophobic interactions mediated the formation of the plain NPs whilst electrostatic interaction enabled optimization of coated NPs via microfluidic mixing. We assessed the interactions of the nanocarriers with biofilm structures via Single Plane Illumination Microscopy – Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (SPIM-FCS) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). We demonstrate the impact of microfluidic parameters on the physicochemical properties of the modified DNA NPs and their subsequent distinct behaviors in the biofilm. Our results show that single stranded DNA micelles (ssDNA micelle) and tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDN) had similar diffusion and penetration profiles, whereas chitosan-coated TDN (TDN-Chit) showed reduced diffusion and increased biofilm retention. This is attributable to the relatively larger size and positive surface charge of the TDN-Chit NPs. The study shows first and foremost that DNA can be used as building block in drug delivery for antibiofilm therapeutics. Moreover, the overall behavioral findings are pivotal for the strategic selection of therapeutic agents to be encapsulated within these structures, possibly affecting the treatment efficacy. This research not only highlights the underexplored potential of DNA-based NPs in antibiofilm therapy but also advocates for further studies using different optimization strategies to refine these nanocarrier systems for targeted treatments in biofilm-related infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanowire arrays with programmable geometries as a highly effective anti-biofilm surface","authors":"Marina A. George ,&nbsp;David McGiffin ,&nbsp;Anton Y. Peleg ,&nbsp;Roey Elnathan ,&nbsp;David M. Kaye ,&nbsp;Yue Qu ,&nbsp;Nicolas H. Voelcker","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofilm-related microbial infections are the Achilles’ heel of many implantable medical devices. Surface patterning with nanostructures in the form of vertically aligned silicon (Si) nanowires (VA-SiNWs) holds promise to prevent these often “incurable” infections. In this study, we fabricated arrays of highly ordered SiNWs varying in three geometric parameters, including height, pitch size, and tip diameter (sharpness). Anti-infective efficacies of fabricated SiNW arrays were assessed against representative laboratory reference bacterial strains, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> ATCC 25923 and <em>Escherichia coli</em> ATCC 25922, using a modified microwell biofilm assay representing microorganism-implant interactions at a liquid-solid interface. To further understand the role of individual geometric parameters to the SiNW-induced bacterial killing, SiNW arrays with stepwise changes in individual geometric parameters were compared. The force that NWs applied on bacterial cells was mathematically calculated. Our results suggested that NWs with specific geometries were able to kill adherent bacterial cells and prevent further biofilm formation on biomaterial surfaces. Tip diameter and pitch size appeared to be key factors of nanowires predetermining their anti-infectiveness. Mechanistic investigation found that tip diameter and pitch size co-determined the pressure that NWs put on the cell envelope. The most effective anti-infective NWs fabricated in our study (50 nm in tip diameter and 400 nm in pitch size for <em>S. aureus</em> and 50 nm in tip diameter and 800 nm in pitch size for <em>E. coli</em>) put pressures of approximately 2.79 Pa and 8.86 Pa to the cell envelop of <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>E. coli</em>, respectively, and induced cell lyses. In addition, these NWs retained their activities against clinical isolates of <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>E. coli</em> from patients with confirmed device-related infections and showed little toxicity against human fibroblast cells and red blood cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of UV-C exposure on pre-existing cultured marine diatom biofilms","authors":"Kailey N. Richard ,&nbsp;Andrew Palmer ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Swain ,&nbsp;Kelli Z. Hunsucker","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultraviolet-C (UV–C) has been considered as a potential tool in the maintenance and prevention of marine biofouling. However, it is unclear how irradiation disturbs biofouling, specifically biofilms, or the duration and frequency needed to reduce or eliminate their growth. The marine diatom, <em>Navicula incerta</em>, was used in a two-part lab study to determine the minimum time between UV-C duty cycling (also known as interval testing) that would result in the reduction and prevention of marine biofilms. The first study assessed the diatom's metabolic activity, morphology, behavior, and recovery to understand the influence of UV-C on the biofilm. Cell viability, biofilm matrixes, and chlorophyll <em>a</em> were significantly reduced immediately following UV-C exposure, yet when exposure was ceased biofilms began to recover. Based on these results, the second study investigated the duty cycle duration required to limit the growth of the cultured biofilm. Duty cycle testing was able to initially deplete cell viability and chlorophyll <em>a</em>; however, in between exposures, recovery was evident. These findings indicate that shorter (10 min; 1.86 J/cm²) doses of UV-C exposures must be applied more frequently than more prolonged doses (60 min; 11.16 J/cm²) to keep biofilm formation minimal. The duty cycles established here also provide a guideline of efficacy for future studies that can be applied to biofilms in both laboratory and the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100285"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surfactin accelerates Bacillus subtilis pellicle biofilm development","authors":"Rune Overlund Stannius ,&nbsp;Sarah Fusco ,&nbsp;Michael S. Cowled ,&nbsp;Ákos T. Kovács","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surfactin is a biosurfactant produced by many <em>B. subtilis</em> strains with a wide variety of functions from lowering surface tension to allowing motility of bacterial swarms, acting as a signaling molecule, and even exhibiting antimicrobial activities. However, the impact of surfactin during biofilm formation has been debated with variable findings between studies depending on the experimental conditions.</div><div>B. subtilis is known to form biofilms at the solid-air, the solid-medium, and the liquid-air interfaces, the latter of which is known as a pellicle biofilm. Pellicle formation is a complex process requiring coordinated movement to the liquid-air interface and subsequent cooperative production of biofilm matrix components to allow robust pellicle biofilm formation. This makes pellicle formation a promising model system for assaying factors in biofilm formation and regulation.</div><div>Here, we assayed the influence of surfactin and additional metabolites on the timing of pellicle biofilm formation. Using time-lapse imaging, we assayed pellicle formation timing in 12 <em>B. subtilis</em> isolates and found that one, MB9_B4, was significantly delayed in pellicle formation by approximately 10 h. MB9_B4 was previously noted to lack robust surfactin production. Indeed, deletion of surfactin synthesis in the other isolates delayed pellicle formation. Further, pellicle delay was rescued by addition of exogeneous surfactin. Testing reporters of biofilm-related gene expression revealed that induction of pellicle formation was caused by a combination of increased gene expression of one of the biofilm components and promotion of growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the impact of interspecies interactions on biofilm matrix components","authors":"Cristina I. Amador ,&nbsp;Henriette L. Røder ,&nbsp;Jakob Herschend ,&nbsp;Thomas R. Neu ,&nbsp;Mette Burmølle","doi":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioflm.2025.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multispecies biofilms are complex communities where extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) shape structure, adaptability, and functionality. However, characterizing the components of EPS, particularly glycans and proteins, remains a challenge due to the diverse bacterial species present and their interactions within the matrix. This study examined how interactions between different species affect EPS component composition and spatial organization. We analyzed a consortium of four bacterial soil isolates that have previously demonstrated various intrinsic properties in biofilm communities: <em>Microbacterium oxydans</em>, <em>Paenibacillus amylolyticus</em>, <em>Stenotrophomonas rhizophila</em>, and <em>Xanthomonas retroflexus</em>. We used fluorescence lectin binding analysis to identify specific glycan components and <em>meta</em>-proteomics to characterize matrix proteins in mono- and multispecies biofilms. Our results revealed diverse glycan structures and composition, including fucose and different amino sugar-containing polymers, with substantial differences between monospecies and multispecies biofilms. In isolation, <em>M. oxydans</em> produced galactose/N-Acetylgalactosamine network-like structures and influenced the matrix composition in multispecies biofilms. Proteomic analysis revealed presence of flagellin proteins in <em>X. retroflexus</em> and <em>P. amylolyticus</em>, particularly in multispecies biofilms. Additionally, surface-layer proteins and a unique peroxidase were identified in <em>P. amylolyticus</em> multispecies biofilms, indicating enhanced oxidative stress resistance and structural stability under these conditions. This study highlights the crucial role of interspecies interactions in shaping the biofilm matrix, as well as the production of glycans and proteins, thereby enhancing our understanding of biofilm complexity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55844,"journal":{"name":"Biofilm","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}