Lauren Elliott, Jonathan Singer, Peter Rerick, Jonathan Kelly, Athena Chung Yin Chan, Amir Abu-Samaha, Veronica Molinar-Lopez, John Bertelson, Volker Neugebauer
{"title":"Neurocognitive functioning in hispanic and non-hispanic individuals in rural West Texas and the influence of sociodemographic factors.","authors":"Lauren Elliott, Jonathan Singer, Peter Rerick, Jonathan Kelly, Athena Chung Yin Chan, Amir Abu-Samaha, Veronica Molinar-Lopez, John Bertelson, Volker Neugebauer","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2524815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2524815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several sociodemographic factors are known to influence neurocognitive functioning; however, little is known about their effects on Hispanic and non-Hispanic populations. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between age, educational attainment, and Hispanic ethnicity on neurocognitive functioning in a sample of persons aged 40-96 living in rural West Texas. Our sample consisted of 1,341 participants (709 Hispanics, 632 non-Hispanics, M<sub>age</sub> = 58.69 years, SD<sub>age</sub> = 11.95) who completed demographic and depression questionnaires, neurocognitive evaluations (i.e., the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, Trail Making Test, and Clock Drawing), and a standardized medical examination. MANCOVAs revealed significant multivariate effects of ethnicity, age, education, income, and depression. Lower age and higher education were significantly associated with better neurocognitive functioning. Additionally, educational attainment and being younger were found to be more protective regarding executive functioning for non-Hispanic individuals compared to Hispanic individuals. These results warrant further investigation of robust risk and protective factors for neurocognitive functioning in Hispanic individuals as they appear to differ from non-Hispanic individuals, possibly due to the systematic biases and cumulative stressors that Hispanic individuals face, specifically within a rural environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Difference between eyes-open and eyes-closed resting state quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) for predicting cognitive impairment using deep learning.","authors":"Chanda Simfukwe, Seong Soo A An, Young Chul Youn","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2520476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2520476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Electroencephalography (EEG) is a method that offers detailed observations of electrical activities occurring in the brain's cerebral cortex. The EEG-derived brain signals can serve as a neurophysiological indicator for the early detection of dementia through quantitative EEG (qEEG) analysis. This study introduces a deep learning (DL)-based classification approach trained using the difference between qEEG time-frequency (TF) images of eyes-open resting (EOR) and eyes-closed resting (ECR) state EEG to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The dataset comprised 16,910 TF images from 890 subjects, including 269 normal controls (NC), 356 with MCI, and 265 diagnosed with AD. Artifact-free EEG signals were converted into qEEG TF images using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), which captured various event-related alterations within the five (delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma) EEG frequency sub-bands. EEG data was preprocessed using the EEGlab toolbox version 2022 within the MATLAB R2024a software environment. The preprocessed TF images, along with numerical age data, were used as input features in convolutional neural network (CNN) within a DL framework for classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The performance metrics of the trained models for EOR - ECR in differentiating NC versus MCI, NC versus AD, and NC versus cognitive impairment (CI) (MCI + AD) classes were assessed using the test dataset from the subjects. The model NC versus CI yielded the best area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with 0.95, 0.93, 0.97, and 0.92; NC versus AD was 0.88, 0.88, 0.89, and 0.86; and NC versus MCI was 0.85, 0.83, 0.9, and 0.81, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that using the difference between EOR and ECR qEEG states could be a practical approach to detect cognitive impairment in dementia research with DL. The trained models may serve as a supportive reference for clinicians in the future, not as a diagnostic tool, but as a decision-support system for early diagnosis of cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Nazlim Yusoff, Elza Azri Othman, Mazlyfarina Mohamad, Hanani Abdul Manan, Aini Ismafairus Abd Hamid, Mariam Adawiah Dzulkifli
{"title":"Can short-term memory capacity change resting brain behavior? Findings from neuropsychological assessment and dynamic causal modeling.","authors":"Ahmad Nazlim Yusoff, Elza Azri Othman, Mazlyfarina Mohamad, Hanani Abdul Manan, Aini Ismafairus Abd Hamid, Mariam Adawiah Dzulkifli","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2520473","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2520473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate different short-term memory capacities (STMC) on resting brain of healthy individuals particularly the neuropsychology and connectivity behaviors. The outcomes may serve as a baseline for clinical diagnosis of memory decline due to aging and mental disorders. It was hypothesized that resting brain of low and typical STMC individuals behaves differently. Thirty-nine healthy young male adults were recruited from local universities. They were categorized as typical or low STMC based on their scores in the Malay Version of the Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (MVAVLT). A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was conducted and data were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and dynamic causal modeling (DCM). Nine neuropsychological assessments were significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in typical STMC participants compared with low STMC participants. Four activation clusters survived the contrast \"Low > Typical\" uncorrected at set and cluster levels threshold (<i>p</i><sub>FWE</sub> < 0.05). A causal model containing these clusters as nodes found that there is no preference on negative or positive connectivity among typical and low STMC groups. Nevertheless, implementing a reduced connection scheme revealed more significant connections for the low STMC group. To conclude, the low STMC participants scored lower in all neuropsychological assessments, but a higher activation profile with more areas being connected effectively as compared with the typical STMC group. The results suggest a higher resting neural activity and communication among certain brain areas in low STMC individuals that the brain could have executed as a compensation strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reyhane Soleymani, Nafiseh Jahangiri Zarkani, Ali Amini Harandi, Hossein Pakdaman
{"title":"The cognitive burden of epilepsy: Assessing executive dysfunction in adult patients.","authors":"Reyhane Soleymani, Nafiseh Jahangiri Zarkani, Ali Amini Harandi, Hossein Pakdaman","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2519998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2519998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functions are frequently impaired in individuals with epilepsy. Understanding the patterns of these dysfunctions is essential for effective management of epileptic patients. To comprehend these patterns, we aimed to investigate executive function performance in adult epileptic patients. Thirty adults with epilepsy, along with fifty healthy controls matched for age, gender, and education were administered standard performance-based executive tasks, including Digit Span Forward and Backward, Trail Making Test A and B, Design Fluency Regular and Irregular, and Semantic Verbal Fluency. Results indicated that Digit Span Forward and Backward tests were the most frequently impaired, with 80% and 90% of patients showing impairments, respectively. The Semantic Verbal Fluency task had the lowest frequency of impairment, with a 30% prevalence among patients. Additionally, a higher frequency of seizures significantly predicted longer completion times for Trail Making Test A (beta = 0.281, <i>p</i> = 0.030) and Trail Making Test B (beta = 0.586, <i>p</i> = 0.001), as well as lower total executive function scores (beta = -0.429, <i>p</i> = 0.000). No significant associations were found between executive function and age of onset or number of antiepileptic drugs. Our results indicate that adult epileptic patients display substantial executive dysfunction, particularly in working memory and cognitive flexibility and highlight the detrimental effect of inadequately controlled epilepsy and high seizure frequency on exacerbating these impairments. This underscores the importance of regular executive function assessments in the management of epileptic patients, tailored to individual needs and performance levels, to optimize care and improve quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eileen Bousché, Isabel Gosselt, Melissa Vrijhoeven, Tanja C W Nijboer
{"title":"Construct validity of the CoCo-P: Associations between cognitive complaints during participation and cognitive and emotional consequences.","authors":"Eileen Bousché, Isabel Gosselt, Melissa Vrijhoeven, Tanja C W Nijboer","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2522300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2522300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive complaints are common following acquired brain injury (ABI) and can hinder social participation. To address this, the CoCo-P was developed as a tool to identify cognitive restrictions experienced in various everyday contexts, such as work and leisure. This study aimed to evaluate the construct validity of the CoCo-P by assessing its associations with two widely used clinical questionnaires, the USER-P and CLCE-24, as reference measures. Forty-five ABI survivors completed these questionnaires, along with assessments of mood (HADS), self-efficacy (GSES), health-related quality of life (EQ6D), and cognitive functioning (MoCA). Results indicated strong positive associations between the CoCo-P and both USER-P and CLCE-24. Additionally, self-efficacy was strongly negatively associated with reported restrictions, while no significant associations were observed with estimated mood disorders or cognitive functions. These findings demonstrate the construct validity of the CoCo-P, supporting its potential as a valid tool for assessing cognitive restrictions experienced in daily life by individuals with ABI.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Leveraging QEEG neuro-biomarkers of alcohol-related visual cognitive impairment for alcohol abuse and dependence diagnosis.","authors":"Ruchi Holker, Seba Susan","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2521360","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2521360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a novel approach for leveraging Quantitative Electroencephalography (QEEG) neuro-biomarkers of alcohol-induced impairment of visual memory for alcohol abuse and dependence diagnosis. To achieve this, a spectral filter bank with a wide frequency range (0-100 Hz) is used in conjunction with a spatial filter bank constructed using the Common Spatial Pattern algorithm. We extract a broad set of QEEG features, including power, spectral distribution, and inter-hemisphere functional connectivity, from filtered EEG signals. A total of 1620 QEEG features are extracted from two independent cohorts to demonstrate the generalization ability of the proposed method. Further, Sequential Forward Selection (SFS) with stratified 10-fold cross-validation is used as a wrapper technique to select the subset of features with maximum predictive power, which is determined as 248 and 263 for the two cohorts. SFS was selected for its computational efficiency and effectiveness in optimizing feature subsets within a wrapper-based framework, while mitigating overfitting and preserving model interpretability. The proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art models, achieving top diagnostic accuracies of 99.63% and 99.25% for the two cohorts using a Support Vector Machine classifier. Our findings reveal that features extracted from the lowest frequencies (delta, theta, and lower alpha bands) and the highest frequencies (higher gamma band) are most discriminative for identifying alcoholic individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cognitive reserve relates to successful aging: A cross-sectional study focusing on psychological well-being and daily living activities in the elderly.","authors":"Zeynep Gümüş Demir, Merve Çebi","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2520001","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2520001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasingly aging population worldwide brings public health more into prominence. As reflecting the individual differences to effectively use brain regions and be resilient against age-related neural losses, cognitive reserve (CR) can play a crucial role in promoting both psychological and physical aspects of successful aging. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between CR, successful aging, psychological well-being, and physical independence in a sample of healthy elderly. Ninety-two elderly (aged 65-88) with normal cognition participated in the study. Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRIq), Successful Aging Scale (SAS), Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBSE), and Lawton Instrumental Daily Living Activities Scale (IADL) were used. Sociodemographic information was also collected. The analyses revealed that CR was significantly associated with the total SAS, PWSBE, and IADL scores. In addition, income level appeared to be a significant mediator between CR and PWBSE and SAS. Overall, our findings indicate that a stronger CR may support successful aging and serve as a protective factor for psychological well-being and physical independence during old age.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahra Ahmadi Javid, Farzad Nasiri, Mehdi Zemestani
{"title":"Executive functions in active, passive and non-procrastinators: Who thrives and who struggles?","authors":"Zahra Ahmadi Javid, Farzad Nasiri, Mehdi Zemestani","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2518570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2518570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate problem-solving, cognitive flexibility, inhibition, and working memory among active, passive, and non-procrastinators using a quantitative methodology and a causal-comparative design. A total of 177 university students (59 active procrastinators, 59 passive procrastinators, and 59 non-procrastinators) participated in the study. The structured clinical interviews, the Active Procrastination Scale, and Tuckman's Procrastination Scale were utilized to categorize the participants. The Tower of London Test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), the Go/No-Go Task, and the 1-back Task were used to evaluate problem-solving, cognitive flexibility, inhibition, and working memory, respectively. The results of the one-way MANOVA indicated significant differences between the groups regarding problem-solving (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and cognitive flexibility (<i>p =</i> 0.04). Active procrastinators exhibited the best performance in these domains. However, no significant differences were observed in inhibition (<i>p =</i> 0.15) and working memory (<i>p =</i> 0.38). This study demonstrated that the type of procrastination significantly impacts cognitive abilities. These findings can be applied to the design of educational and psychological interventions to enhance cognitive abilities and improve the management of procrastination. Encouraging individuals to adopt more active procrastination strategies may improve their cognitive performance and mitigate the negative effects of passive procrastination.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ingvild Vøllo Eliassen, Bjørn-Eivind Kirsebom, Knut Waterloo, Ragnhild Eide Skogseth, Gøril Rolfseng Grøntvedt, Mathilde Suhr Hemminghyth, Berglind Gísladóttir, Fernando Gonzalez-Ortiz, Dag Aarsland, Tormod Fladby, Erik Hessen
{"title":"Pathological biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in cognitively unimpaired individuals are not associated with cognitive decline at two-year follow-up.","authors":"Ingvild Vøllo Eliassen, Bjørn-Eivind Kirsebom, Knut Waterloo, Ragnhild Eide Skogseth, Gøril Rolfseng Grøntvedt, Mathilde Suhr Hemminghyth, Berglind Gísladóttir, Fernando Gonzalez-Ortiz, Dag Aarsland, Tormod Fladby, Erik Hessen","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2518566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2518566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology may be present in cognitively unimpaired individuals, but the clinical implications of this are unclear. Subtle cognitive decline is a potential marker of preclinical AD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether two-year cognitive change scores are influenced by AD-linked cerebrospinal fluid (Aβ<sub>42/40,</sub> p-tau, t-tau, NfL) or plasma (p217, BD-tau, NfL) biomarker pathology in individuals who are cognitively unimpaired at baseline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 148 cognitively unimpaired older adults (mean age = 68.11). Mean cognitive change over two years was compared between participants with normal and pathological biomarker status, for each biomarker separately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found no significant difference between mean change scores in people with abnormal biomarker values compared to normal biomarker groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regardless of baseline CSF biomarker positivity, no significant cognitive change was observed in this group.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Igoe, Deirdre M Twomey, Niamh Allen, Maria L F Agan, Aoife Hayes, Andrea Higgins, Simone Carton, Richard Roche, David Hevey, Jessica Bramham, Nuala Brady, Fiadhnait O'Keeffe
{"title":"Psychological outcomes following moderate-to-severe acquired brain injury: A longitudinal study.","authors":"Anna Igoe, Deirdre M Twomey, Niamh Allen, Maria L F Agan, Aoife Hayes, Andrea Higgins, Simone Carton, Richard Roche, David Hevey, Jessica Bramham, Nuala Brady, Fiadhnait O'Keeffe","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2513620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2513620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotional distress is highly prevalent in the years following an acquired brain injury (ABI). Yet, there is a lack of research examining the long-term psychological outcomes and potential influencing factors, among individuals with ABIs. In this study, we trace longitudinal changes in neuropsychological outcomes in 32 individuals with moderate-to-severe ABI who engaged in neurorehabilitation in a post-acute hospital. Outcomes assessed at one- and eight-years post-ABI include emotional distress, coping, subjective experience of injury-related difficulties, and quality of life (QOL). Almost half of all participants reported clinically elevated symptoms of anxiety and depression at eight-years post-ABI (t2). There was minimal variation in neuropsychological outcomes between one- and eight-years post-ABI. Greater use of maladaptive coping responses was associated with greater symptoms of anxiety and depression at t1. As the subjective experiences of injury-related difficulties increased, so too did the symptoms of anxiety and depression at both timepoints. Higher levels of depression were associated with lower psychological and social QOL at t1 and lower levels of psychological, physical, social, and environmental QOL at t2. This study offers a unique insight into the intricate links that exist longitudinally between coping responses, subjective experiences of injury-related difficulties, QOL, and emotional distress following an ABI. It also highlights the need to conceptualize ABI as a chronic health condition that requires long term psychological support.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}