Applied Neuropsychology-Adult最新文献

{"title":"Incorrect encoding responses improve the classification accuracy of the Word Choice Test.","authors":"John-Christopher A Finley, Laszlo A Erdodi, Taylor N Parks, Cady Block, David W Loring, Felicia C Goldstein","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2479850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2479850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated whether responses from the Word Choice Test (WCT) encoding trial could provide a supplemental index of performance validity in addition to the traditional Summary score. Participants were 196 adult outpatients who underwent neuropsychological evaluations for various referral reasons related to, but not limited to epilepsy, stroke, and age-related cognitive decline. Participants were classified into valid or invalid performance groups using a criterion-grouping approach based on multiple independent performance validity tests. We derived a supplemental validity indicator, entitled the \"Encoding\" score, based on the number of correct responses from 43 items on the initial WCT trial, which were identified via critical item analysis. Using cutoffs of ≤40 for the Encoding score and ≤42 for the Summary score together enhanced classification accuracy, yielding an area under the curve of .83. Compared to using the WCT Summary score alone, the combined use of the Encoding and Summary scores increased the sensitivity by .10 to yield a total sensitivity of .58, while maintaining high (.92) specificity. Findings suggest the WCT Encoding score may provide a useful index of performance validity alongside the Summary score. Employing these indicators together can optimize the WCT without adding cost or much time to the evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and quality of life in patients with Broca's and subcortical stroke-related aphasia: A comparative study.","authors":"Nasrin Shahouzaei, Reihane Saber-Moghadam, Mohammad Taghi Farzadfard, Jamshid Jamali, Davood Sobhani-Rad","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2478513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2478513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Aphasia, primarily recognized as a language disorder following stroke, often is presented with concurrent emotional and social difficulties, including depression. This study investigated whether the type of aphasia-Broca's or subcortical-may be related to the prevalence of depression and overall quality of life (QOL) in affected individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study involved 46 individuals with chronic aphasia resulting from left hemisphere strokes. Participants were divided into two groups: those with Broca's aphasia and those with subcortical aphasia. Several assessment tools were utilized, including the Persian versions of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Western Aphasia Battery (P-WAB-1), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39 (SAQOL-39).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the average severity of aphasia was significantly lower in the Broca's aphasia group (36.48 ± 8.05) compared to the subcortical aphasia group (62.83 ± 19.88). However, both groups demonstrated similar depression severity scores and their quality of life was largely comparable to each other.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores that living with aphasia, regardless of type, involves emotional and social challenges that may be extended beyond language difficulties, emphasizing the need to address these issues to improve the well-being of stroke survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-cultural comparison of performance on the multicultural neuropsychological scale between participants from Argentina and the United States of America.","authors":"Alberto Luis Fernandez, Bernice Marcopulos, David Hardy","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2473944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2473944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In a previous article the performance of two samples from Argentina and the USA on the Multicultural Neuropsychological Scale (MUNS) was compared. Although the results indicated no significant differences between them, the samples were rather small. In this article two larger samples from each country including two different locations in the USA were included. Moreover, additional psychometric cross-cultural analyses are presented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Age and education-matched Argentinian (n = 80) and American (n = 50) samples of healthy adults were administered the MUNS. Argentinians were administered the Spanish version of the MUNS while North Americans were administered the English version.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that t-tests revealed no significant differences between the samples across all subtests scores. Most correlations between demographic variables and subtest scores were non-significant across samples, with the exception of two weak correlations in the Argentinian sample. For both groups, scores were not significantly different between the male and female participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results from this study confirm previous findings obtained with smaller samples suggesting some evidence of scalar equivalence across both versions of the MUNS.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting simulated symptoms in chronic pain and fibromyalgia: A two-study evaluation of the Italian version of the Self-Report Symptom Inventory.","authors":"Raffaella Maria Ribatti, Thomas Merten, Tiziana Lanciano, Antonietta Curci","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2475951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2475951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The subjective nature of pain complicates objective verification, often leading to noncredible symptom reports in compensable settings. Across two studies, we evaluated the Italian Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI-It) in distinguishing healthy individuals, simulators, and fibromyalgia patients. In Study 1, we assigned 958 participants to the honest (<i>n</i> = 482) or simulator group (<i>n</i> = 476). Simulators reported higher scores on genuine and pseudosymptoms. A cut score > 6 showed 92% specificity and 64% sensitivity; > 9 raised specificity to 95%. The SRSI-It identified 62% and 58% of simulators at > 6 and > 9, respectively, compared to 76% identified by the SIMS. In Study 2, we recruited 100 patients and paired each with a healthy control and a fibromyalgia simulator (<i>N</i> = 300). Simulators scored highest on pseudosymptoms, while patients scored higher than controls. The SRSI-It identified 73% and 61% of simulators at cut scores of > 6 and > 9, compared to 51% and 34% of patients and 15% and 13% of controls. The SRSI-It demonstrated sensitivity to simulated pain, suggesting its utility in distinguishing simulators from honest respondents in clinical and forensic settings. However, caution is warranted to avoid misclassifying genuine patients, highlighting the need for complementary tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Maastricht Memory Recall and Recognition Task (MMRRT): The added value of including emotionally colored words.","authors":"Danique Wolvekamp, Susan Buhrs, Claire Wolfs, Thérèse van Amelsvoort, Richel Lousberg","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2469828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2469828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this article was to examine basic psychometric properties of the Maastricht Memory Recall and Recognition Task (MMRRT), which was designed to assess the influence of emotionally colored words on recall and recognition. One hundred eighteen Dutch adults participated. A recall task consisting of three presentations was administered. Fifteen and forty-five minutes after the recall task, participants completed a recognition task. The investigated dependent variables included the yes/no reproduction and recognition of a word, as well as occurrence of a false positive of a new, content-matched word. The validity of the MMRRT was assessed by evaluation of the known effects of age, gender, educational level, word length, presentation number, retesting (6 months later) and the primacy and recency phenomenon on reproduction. Using multilevel regression analyses for dichotomous outcomes, all these predictors were statistically significant and independent of each other. These results provide evidence in favor of the validity of the MMRRT. When evaluating cognition, the MMRRT seems to have similar psychometric properties compared to other memory tasks. Contrary to our expectations, emotionally loaded words appear to have a lower likelihood of being remembered and reproduced. Future research is necessary to shed more light on this unexpected finding.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional near-infrared spectroscopy is a sensitive marker of neurophysiological deficits on executive function tasks in young adults with a history of child abuse.","authors":"Christopher A Mark, Dmitri V Poltavski","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2179399","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2179399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has shown the utility of imaging measures of neural activity in identifying deficits in cognitive functioning in individuals with a history of child abuse. The purpose of the present study was to measure differences that may exist between individuals who reported physical, emotional, or sexual abuse as children (<i>n</i> = 37) <i>vs.</i> those who did not (<i>n</i> = 47) using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the completion of cognitive tasks of executive function. The results showed a significantly higher rate and number of errors of commission on the Conners CPT test in the child abuse group compared to the control group. The analyses also showed a statistically significant decrease in oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) concentration in the left rostral prefrontal cortex in the child abuse group compared to the no-abuse group during the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). A similar, albeit non-significant, trend toward decreased oxy-Hb concentration was observed in the child abuse group in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) on the OSPAN and Connors CPT. The results suggest that the latter group may show subtle neurological deficits that persist into adulthood that may not manifest on traditional measures of cognitive function. These findings have implications for the development of remediation and treatment strategies in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"471-484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10748935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation study of the Persian version of behavioral pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating scale (BEHAVE-AD) and the empirical BHAVE-AD (E-BEHAVE-AD).","authors":"Maryam Noroozian, Zahra Vahabi, Zahra Hooshyari, Farnaz Etesam, Helya Tarighatnia","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2175680","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2175680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are observed in more than 90% of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). BPSDs are remediable if detected early and managed appropriately. Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD) and Empirical BEHAVE-AD (E-BEHAVE-AD) were designed to identify BPSD. The aim of this study is to validate and prepare BEHAVE-AD and E-BEHAVE-AD in Persian language for clinical and research applications.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>120 patients were selected through a combination of intentional and convenience sampling. All participants should fulfill the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group criteria for a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Functional Assessment Staging Tool (FAST) was used to determine the rate of AD progression. All patients were evaluated using the BEHAVE-AD and E-BEHAVE-AD questionnaires, as well as the Persian version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The Content Validity Index (CVI) is determined based on the compatibility of the Persian and the original version of the two scales according to the opinion of expert panels. Correlation of MMSE with BEHAVE-AD and E-BEHAVE-AD as well as the BPSD pattern on AD progression continuum by FAST were considered as indices of construct validity. Concurrent validity was estimated by correlating NPI-Q scores with BEHAVE-AD and E-BEHAVE-AD scores. For both scales, interrater reliability was extracted as a reliability index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pearson correlation coefficients for the BEHAVE-AD scale were as follows: with NPI-Q (<i>r</i> = 0.77, <i>p</i>-value <0.01), with MMSE (<i>r</i> = -0.34, <i>p</i>-value <0.01), indicating concurrent and construct validity, respectively. The result for E-BEHAVE-AD was as follows: with NPI-Q-total (<i>r</i> = 0.59, <i>p</i>-value <0.01), and with MMSE (<i>r</i> = 0.31, <i>p</i>-value <0. 01). BEHAVE-AD and E-BEHAVE-AD scores increased in parallel with AD severity according to FAST, but not on the most severe AD stage. The area under the curve was estimated to be 0.84 (<i>p</i>-value <0.001) for BEHAVE-AD and 0.78 (<i>p</i>-value <0.001) for E-BEHAVE-AD. Correlation between BEHAVE-AD and E-BEHAVE-AD scores ranged from 0.45 to 0.63. The inter-rater reliability index ranged from 0.88 to 0.99 for BEHAVE-AD and from 0.74 to 0.95 for E-BEHAVE-AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Persian version of BEHAVE-AD and E-BEHAVE-AD is valid and reliable for the assessment of BPSD in patients with AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"431-441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9242055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of subcortical stroke-related aphasia on executive functions and working memory.","authors":"Nasrin Shahouzaie, Mohammad Taghi Farzadfar, Jamshid Jamali, Davood Sobhani-Rad","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2174437","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2174437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aphasia is a common post-stroke disorder characterized by impairments in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. Although cognitive impairments have been well studied in cortical aphasia, deficits associated with subcortical aphasia remain to be elucidated. The current study aimed to assess executive functions (EF) and working memory (WM) in patients with subcortical aphasia, and investigate the relationship between language abilities and cognition deficits. Participants of this research included patients with thalamus lesions (<i>n</i> = 9; mean age = 53.89 years) and healthy individuals (<i>n</i> = 9; mean age = 54.33 years). Assessment materials were the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Persian Western Aphasia Battery (P-WAB-1), digit span subtest of Adult Wechsler Test (WAIS-R), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Obtained results revealed significant differences in all components of EF, as well as in WM forward and backward digit spans between patients and healthy individuals. However, investigating the relationship between MMSE and AQ scores and components of EF and WM revealed no significant difference. In conclusion, the findings of the present research indicated defects in cognitive functions, including WM and EF, in patients with subcortical stroke. Accordingly, it is crucial to provide optimal rehabilitation therapies for the improvement of language and cognitive problems upon subcortical aphasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"412-418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10668119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis: Auditory and visual attention and inhibitory control.","authors":"Leila Simani, Mahrooz Roozbeh, Maziyar Shojaei, Mohammad Rostami, Mehrdad Roozbeh, Mohammad Ali Sahraian","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2192408","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2192408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A growing body of evidence has been paid to the cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, studies concerning cognitive functions in MS have also yielded conflicting results. This study investigates the attention and inhibitory control functions in patients with MS and their relationship with other clinical features, such as depression and fatigue in these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants included 80 patients with MS and 60 healthy controls. The attention and inhibitory control, fatigue, and psychiatric screening in all subjects were studied, respectively with the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with MS performed the IVA-CPT task more poorly than the healthy control group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, multiple regression analysis did not show any significant relationship between disease duration, FSS, and HADS on attention and inhibitory control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inhibitory control and attention are significantly impaired in patients with MS. Finding the basics of cognitive deficits in MS have potentially important clinical implications for developing better cognitive rehabilitation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"289-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9246966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the gait parameters after donepezil treatment in patients with alzheimer' s disease.","authors":"Ozlem Bizpinar, Halil Onder","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2172681","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2172681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clinical studies remark that gait disturbance is common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the treatment response of gait disturbance in those patients may constitute a more interesting issue that is rarely addressed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, interventional study, we included 14 consecutive patients with a new diagnosis of AD. Basal gait analysis was performed using a 'Gait Analyzer' program that was uploaded to a mobile phone. The gait parameters including Step time (ST), step length (SL), step number (SN), gait velocity (GV), and cadence were measured. Afterward, donepezil 5 mg daily was initiated, and the re-assessments were re-performed 8 weeks after the treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 71.78 ± 5.02 (F/M = 8/6). The evaluations after the donepezil treatment showed that there was a significant improvement in the SN (p = 0.021) and SL (p = 0.001) in comparison to the basal evaluations. The repeated analysis in the subgroup of early-stage AD subjects (n = 10) yielded that there were significant improvements in SN (p = 0.003), SL (p = 0.005), and cadence (p = 0.026) after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results support the efficiency of cholinergic treatment in gait functions in AD subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"407-411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10663062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}