Applied Neuropsychology-Adult最新文献

{"title":"EEG-derived brainwave patterns for depression diagnosis via hybrid machine learning and deep learning frameworks.","authors":"Nitin Ahire","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2457999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2457999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the fields of engineering, science, technology, and medicine, artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant advancements. In particular, the application of AI techniques in medicine, such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), is rapidly growing and offers great potential for aiding physicians in the early diagnosis of illnesses. Depression, one of the most prevalent and debilitating mental illnesses, is projected to become the leading cause of disability worldwide by 2040. For early diagnosis, a patient-friendly, cost-effective approach based on readily observable and objective indicators is essential. The objective of this research is to develop machine learning and deep learning techniques that utilize electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to diagnose depression. Different statistical features were extracted from the EEG signals and fed into the models. Three classifiers were constructed: 1D Convolutional Neural Network (1DCNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Logistic Regression (LR). The methods were tested on a dataset comprising EEG signals from 34 patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and 30 healthy subjects. The signals were collected under three distinct conditions: TASK, when the subject was performing a task; Eye Close (EC), when the subject's eyes were closed; and Eye Open (EO), when the subject's eyes were open. All three classifiers were applied to each of the three types of signals, resulting in nine (3 × 3) experiments. The results showed that TASK signals yielded the highest accuracies of 88.4%, 89.3%, and 90.21% for LR, SVM, and 1DCNN, respectively, compared to EC and EO signals. Additionally, the proposed methods outperformed some state-of-the-art approaches. These findings highlight the potential of EEG-based approaches for the clinical diagnosis of depression and provide promising avenues for further research. Additionally, the proposed methodology demonstrated statistically significant improvements in classification accuracy, with p-values < 0.05, ensuring robustness and reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and predictors of cognitive functioning at six months after COVID-19 in patients treated in the ICU, regular hospital ward, or isolated at home.","authors":"Riikka Pihlaja, Henriikka Ollila, Annamari Tuulio-Henriksson, Sanna Koskinen, Viljami Salmela, Marjaana Tiainen, Johanna Hästbacka, Laura Hokkanen","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2454352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2454352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive impairment in patients with COVID-19 has been reported, but findings are inconsistent. This study assessed cognitive functioning 6 months post-infection across three COVID-19 severity groups compared to non-COVID controls. Seventy-two ICU-treated, 49 ward-treated, and 44 home-isolated patients with COVID-19, along with 48 controls, underwent neuropsychological evaluation and assessment of subjective cognitive symptoms, depressive symptoms, and fatigue. Cognitive test scores were compared using ANCOVA. Associations between cognitive functioning and variables including demographics, illness severity, comorbidities, depressive symptoms, fatigue, and ICU-related factors were examined with hierarchical linear regression models. Results showed no significant differences in cognitive test performance of impairment frequencies between COVID-19 groups and controls. However, patients with COVID-19 reported higher levels of subjective cognitive symptoms, depressive symptoms, and fatigue compared to controls. Predictors of cognitive functioning included age, education, and, to a lesser extent, comorbidities. COVID-19 severity, depression, fatigue, or ICU-related variables did not significantly impact performance. These findings suggest that while individual cognitive impairments may exist, overall cognitive functioning in patients with COVID-19 was comparable to controls.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional analysis of glycemic controls and brain health outcomes.","authors":"Chien-Ning Huang, Hsiao-Mei Chen, Bei-Yi Su","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2450084","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2450084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this cross-sectional analysis, we explored how fluctuations in glycemic levels impact executive functions and psychosocial outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The goal was to understand the relationship between glycemic control and both neuropsychological and psychosocial health. We stratified participants into well-controlled and poorly controlled groups based on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and variability, including a healthy control group for comparison. The study consisted of neuropsychological tests and psychosocial assessments. Results indicated that the poorly controlled T2DM group experienced significant executive dysfunction and scored lower on the Tower of London, Wisconsin Card Sorting, and Digit Span Tests, reflecting a broader impact on quality of life and resilience. These findings support the importance of maintaining stable glycemic levels for better executive and psychosocial outcomes and highlight the need for regular neuropsychological and psychosocial assessments in diabetes care.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring working memory span with WAIS-IV: Digit sequence is the superior span test.","authors":"Jens Egeland, Olaf Lund, Rune Raudeberg","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2024.2330998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2024.2330998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Digit Span test has been part of the Wechsler tests from the first version. In the WAIS-IV the Digit Span Sequencing subtest (DSS) was introduced and in the forthcoming WAIS-5 working memory span will also be measured in the visual modality. The present study analyzes WAIS-IV Digit Span, Letter- Number Span (LNS) and WMS-III Spatial Span (SS) performance in a mixed clinical sample, expecting to find that Digit Span Forwards (DSF) lacks sensitivity to the Working Memory impairment evident in D-KEFS Trail Making Test-4 (TMT-4) scores ≤1 SD below normative means in the sample. The results showed DSF score above normative means, Digit Span Backwards (DSB) around mean, while SS and LNS was slightly impaired and DSS impaired at the same level as TMT- 4. A double dissociation was observed in DSF and SS performance between subjects with Language- and Non-verbal learning disorders. Most subjects scored in the average range on the LNS-span and high kurtosis reduced sensitivity. Taking LNS and TMT-4 as criterion measures of WM, regression analyses showed no unique contribution of DSF to the variance in these tests. The study supports prior critiques regarding the composite Digit Span measure and demonstrates that the DSS are more effective than the current version of LNS in identifying reduced Working Memory capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of applicability and reliability of addenbrooke's cognitive assessment-III with Turkish cultural adaptation.","authors":"Fatma Nur Gülmez, Onur Altuntaş","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2453973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2453973","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectively capturing memory deficits: New advances in the use of the In-out-Test for cognitive Test post-stroke.","authors":"Xiao Fei, Jing Zhang, Yue Shi, Jing Guo, Fan Xie, Yi Zhang","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2451627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2451627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the In-Out-Test for detecting episodic memory deficits in stroke patients and explored its potential as a clinical test.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 75 stroke patients and 120 healthy controls underwent tests, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Picture-Based Memory Impairment Screen (PMIS), and In-Out-Test. Reliability metrics (Cronbach's α, inter-scorer reliability, test-retest reliability), criterion validity, corrected item-total correlation, hierarchical regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were performed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the In-Out-Test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stroke patients scored lower across all tests (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with the largest difference in the In-Out-Test (<i>d</i> = 0.99). The In-Out-Test correlated strongly with other cognitive tests (<i>r</i> = 0.79-0.85 in stroke patients; <i>r</i> = 0.66-0.78 in controls). It explained an additional 4.5% of variance in MoCA-MIS scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Reliability was high (Cronbach's α = 0.835; inter-rater ICCs = 0.911-0.925; test-retest ICCs = 0.764-0.802). ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.747, with a sensitivity of 0.708 and specificity of 0.680 at a cutoff of 10.5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preliminary findings indicated that the In-Out-Test showed potential in detecting episodic memory impairments in stroke patients, warranting further validation in larger cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right brain hemisphere lesions affecting language functioning in the acute phase of stroke recovery: A Croatian survey.","authors":"Lara Pilepić, Marina Roje Bedeković","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2454346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2454346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Greater empirical and scientific attention is still put on patients with left brain hemisphere (LBH) damage where language impairments are common and expected. In patients with RBH damage, language assessment is therefore rarely done in the acute phase of stroke recovery.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate language impairments in the acute phase of stroke using a Croatian standardized language battery for the first time and compare patients with RBH stroke, LBH stroke and healthy individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study compares language functioning in three groups of conveniently sampled participants: RBH stroke patients, LBH stroke patients and healthy individuals. Kruskal Wallis H test was used to evaluate a combined group comparison, after which a post-hoc Dunn test was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with RBH stroke scored significantly lower than healthy individuals on the CAT:HR in verbal fluency, comprehension of written sentences, naming, and total production. In addition, comprehension of written and spoken sentences did not differ between patients with RBH and LBH stroke patients which suggests the existence of language impairment (<i>p</i>>.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RBH stroke can significantly impair language comprehension and production in the acute phase of stroke recovery emphasizing the importance of early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theory of mind in trichotillomania: A cross-sectional comparison with healthy controls.","authors":"Aslı Gönül Kaçar, Hasan Demirci, Efruz Pirdoğan Aydın","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2025.2453492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2025.2453492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to make correct inferences from one's own or another person's mental states, such as thoughts, beliefs, desires, and intentions. Although there are a limited number of studies in the literature examining the social cognitive functions of patients with trichotillomania (TTM), no studies have evaluated ToM. This study aimed to compare the ToM skills of patients with TTM and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 40 patients who were diagnosed as having TTM according to DSM-5 criteria and 40 healthy controls matched for age, education, and sex. A Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale (MGH-HPS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), and the Dokuz-Eylül Theory of Mind Scale (DEToMS) were administered to the participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with TTM performed statistically significantly worse than healthy controls in terms of ToM, metaphor concept, empathic understanding, and faux pas scores. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of first-degree false belief, second-degree false belief, and irony concept scores. Depression, anxiety, and alexithymia scores of patients with TTM were statistically significantly higher than the control group. No significant correlation was found between ToM tests and anxiety, depression, alexithymia, disease severity, and disease duration in the TTM group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings show that there is an impairment in ToM skills in patients with TTM and that this impairment is independent of clinical features. Studies with larger samples are needed on this subject.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance validity and outcome of treatment in patients with somatic symptom and related disorders (SSRD).","authors":"Marlies van Zwam-van der Wijk, Jeroen J Roor, Rudolf Ponds, Lars de Vroege","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2024.2445715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2024.2445715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study addresses the relationship between performance validity and treatment outcome in a sample of patients with somatic symptom and related disorders (SSRD). A retrospective analysis was performed in a sample of 337 patients with SSRD who received treatment. Interaction effects were determined between performance validity test (PVT) performance and raw change scores, reliable change index and clinical change of depression, anxiety and physical symptoms. Performance validity was measured by using the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM). There was no significant difference between the PVT pass and PVT fail groups in change in depression, anxiety and physical symptoms after treatment. Both groups exhibited a comparable reduction in their symptoms of depression, anxiety and physical symptoms after treatment. There was also no association between PVT performance and raw change scores, reliable clinical changes and clinical changes on depression, anxiety, and physical symptoms. Performance validity was not related to treatment outcome in patients with SSRD, which is a clinically relevant finding. Further studies may want to look into other relevant aspects for determining the potential impact of performance (in)validity on treatment outcome in patients with SSRD, such as treatment drop-out or the number of missed/attended treatment sessions. Alternatively, as treatment outcome is usually determined based on patients' self-report, the impact that non-credible symptom reporting (i.e., symptom validity test failure) has on treatment outcomes is a logical next step for understating the impact of response bias beyond the testing session.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual reality in clinical evaluation of Unilateral Spatial Neglect, anatomy of current trends: A scoping review.","authors":"Eric Sorita, Noémie C Duclos, Lorina Puech, Quentin Chibaudel, Lisa Quillion-Dupré","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2024.2439844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2024.2439844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Virtual technologies (VR) could respond to several challenges in Unilateral Spatial Neglect (USN) assessment, particularly the lack of sensitivity and ecological validity of traditional paper-and-pencil tests. A scoping review was conducted to explore current trends in this area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, IEEE, ACM, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for VR USN assessment. The Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidelines for scoping reviews were used to inform our methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one publications were included. There were two populations: healthy adults (n = 349) and post-stroke individuals (n = 903). A classification based on tasks and type of interaction used was proposed. Correlations with paper and pencil tests (PPTs) were often significant when the task structure was similar to PPTs but was lacking for activities with more dynamic components. The ecological validity of the tasks was assessed in comparison with the Catherine Bergego Scale (n = 4) and a real-world navigation task (n = 1). Using VR, USN disorders have been characterized using a wide range of indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Few studies have addressed ecological validity, yet the use of VR in the assessment of the USN in this scoping review shows an undeniable contribution compared to traditional pencil-paper tests, especially for capturing the patient's behavior toward the far extrapersonal space, essential in daily life.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}