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Current Opinion in Cell Biology最新文献

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Reorganizing chromatin by cellular deformation 通过细胞变形重组染色质
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102408
Sarthak Gupta , Maxx Swoger , Renita Saldanha , J.M. Schwarz , Alison E. Patteson
{"title":"Reorganizing chromatin by cellular deformation","authors":"Sarthak Gupta ,&nbsp;Maxx Swoger ,&nbsp;Renita Saldanha ,&nbsp;J.M. Schwarz ,&nbsp;Alison E. Patteson","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biologists have the capability to edit a genome at the nanometer scale and then observe whether or not the edit affects the structure of a developing organ or organism at the centimeter scale. Our understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving this emergent phenomenon from a multiscale perspective remains incomplete. This review focuses predominantly on recent experimental developments in uncovering the mechanical interplay between the chromatin and cell scale since mechanics plays a major role in determining nuclear, cellular, and tissue structure. Here, we discuss the generation and transmission of forces through the cytoskeleton, affecting chromatin diffusivity and organization. Decoding such pieces of these multiscale connections lays the groundwork for solving the genotype-to-phenotype puzzle in biology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102408"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Outside Back Cover 封底外侧
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0955-0674(24)00094-2
{"title":"Outside Back Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0955-0674(24)00094-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0955-0674(24)00094-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102415"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chromatin remodeling and spatial concerns in DNA double-strand break repair DNA 双链断裂修复中的染色质重塑和空间问题。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102405
Jessica A. Downs , Susan M. Gasser
{"title":"Chromatin remodeling and spatial concerns in DNA double-strand break repair","authors":"Jessica A. Downs ,&nbsp;Susan M. Gasser","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The substrate for the repair of DNA damage in living cells is not DNA but chromatin. Chromatin bears a range of modifications, which in turn bind ligands that compact or open chromatin structure, and determine its spatial organization within the nucleus. In some cases, RNA in the form of RNA:DNA hybrids or R-loops modulates DNA accessibility. Each of these parameters can favor particular pathways of repair. Chromatin or nucleosome remodelers are key regulators of chromatin structure, and a number of remodeling complexes are implicated in DNA repair. We cover novel insights into the impact of chromatin structure, nuclear organization, R-loop formation, nuclear actin, and nucleosome remodelers in DNA double-strand break repair, focusing on factors that alter repair functional upon ablation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102405"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095506742400084X/pdfft?md5=ca1de3d79255a08688cc83aa79c81a24&pid=1-s2.0-S095506742400084X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structure and dynamics of nuclear A/B compartments and subcompartments 核 A/B 区室和亚区室的结构与动态。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102406
Asami Oji, Linda Choubani, Hisashi Miura, Ichiro Hiratani
{"title":"Structure and dynamics of nuclear A/B compartments and subcompartments","authors":"Asami Oji,&nbsp;Linda Choubani,&nbsp;Hisashi Miura,&nbsp;Ichiro Hiratani","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mammalian chromosomes form a hierarchical structure within the cell nucleus, from chromatin loops, megabase (Mb)-sized topologically associating domains (TADs) to larger-scale A/B compartments. The molecular basis of the structures of loops and TADs has been actively studied. However, the A and B compartments, which correspond to early-replicating euchromatin and late-replicating heterochromatin, respectively, are still relatively unexplored. In this review, we focus on the A/B compartments, discuss their close relationship to DNA replication timing (RT), and introduce recent findings on the features of subcompartments revealed by detailed classification of the A/B compartments. In doing so, we speculate on the structure, potential function, and developmental dynamics of A/B compartments and subcompartments in mammalian cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102406"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000851/pdfft?md5=17405d5f2da75f00d475af0747c0042d&pid=1-s2.0-S0955067424000851-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The desmosome as a dynamic membrane domain 脱膜体是一个动态膜域。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102403
Stephanie E. Zimmer, Andrew P. Kowalczyk
{"title":"The desmosome as a dynamic membrane domain","authors":"Stephanie E. Zimmer,&nbsp;Andrew P. Kowalczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cell junctions integrate extracellular signals with intracellular responses to polarize tissues, pattern organs, and maintain tissue architecture by promoting cell–cell adhesion and communication. In this review, we explore the mechanisms whereby the adhesive junctions, adherens junctions and desmosomes, co-assemble and then segregate into unique plasma membrane domains. In addition, we highlight emerging evidence that these junctions are spatially and functionally integrated with the endoplasmic reticulum to mediate stress sensing and calcium homeostasis. We conclude with a discussion of the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in the mechanical stress response and how disruption of these connections may cause disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102403"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The biophysics of cell motility through mechanochemically challenging environments 细胞在具有机械化学挑战性的环境中运动的生物物理学。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102404
Alexa P. Caruso, Jeremy S. Logue
{"title":"The biophysics of cell motility through mechanochemically challenging environments","authors":"Alexa P. Caruso,&nbsp;Jeremy S. Logue","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Challenging mechanochemical environments (<em>i.e.</em>, with varied mechanical and adhesive properties) are now known to induce a wide range of adaptive phenomena in motile cells. For instance, confinement and low adhesion may trigger a phenotypic transition to fast amoeboid (leader bleb-based) migration. The molecular mechanisms that underly these phenomena are beginning to be understood. Due to its size, the mechanical properties of the nucleus have been shown to limit and facilitate cell migration. Additionally, the activity of various transient receptor potential (TRP) channels is now known to be integral to cell migration in response to a multitude of biophysical stimuli. How cells integrate signals from the nucleus and plasma membrane, however, is unclear. The development of therapeutics that suppress cancer or enhance immune cell migration for immuno-oncology applications, etc., will require additional work to completely understand the molecular mechanisms that enable cells to navigate mechanochemically challenging environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102404"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanisms of lipid droplet degradation 脂滴降解机制。
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102402
J.H. Corbo, J. Chung
{"title":"Mechanisms of lipid droplet degradation","authors":"J.H. Corbo,&nbsp;J. Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lipid droplets (LDs) are subcellular organelles that play an integral role in lipid metabolism by regulating the storage and release of fatty acids, which are essential for energy production and various cellular processes. Lipolysis and lipophagy are the two major LD degradation pathways that mediate the utilization of lipids stored in these organelles. Recent studies have further uncovered alternative pathways, including direct lysosomal LD degradation and LD exocytosis. Here, we highlight recent findings that dissect the molecular basis of these diverse LD degradation pathways. Then, we discuss speculations on the crosstalk among these pathways and the potential unconventional roles of LD degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102402"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unveiling the intricacies of paraspeckle formation and function 揭开副颈形成和功能的神秘面纱
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102399
Hayley B. Ingram, Archa H. Fox
{"title":"Unveiling the intricacies of paraspeckle formation and function","authors":"Hayley B. Ingram,&nbsp;Archa H. Fox","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Paraspeckle nuclear bodies form when the NEAT1 long noncoding RNA is transcribed and bound by multiple RNA-binding proteins. First described 20 years ago, in recent years a growing appreciation of paraspeckle dynamics has led to new understandings, in both structure and function. Structurally, paraspeckles form via distinct physico-chemical domains arising from the composition of key proteins, recruited to different parts of NEAT1. These domains interact, creating a core–shell structured paraspeckle via microphase separation. Functionally, many environmental, chemical, and mechanical triggers can alter paraspeckle abundance, with important consequences depending on the cell type, developmental stage, and trigger identity. Underpinning these insights are new tools for paraspeckle research, including screening assays, proximity-based identification tools, and RNA processing modulators. A picture is emerging of paraspeckles as gene regulatory condensates in many healthy and disease settings. Critically, however, paraspeckle functional importance is generally most apparent when cells and organisms face external stressors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102399"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000784/pdfft?md5=c550d5b67cd06261e3df747dc8f4dbd8&pid=1-s2.0-S0955067424000784-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Post-transcriptional regulation as a conserved driver of neural crest and cancer-cell migration 转录后调控是神经嵴和癌细胞迁移的保守驱动因素
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102400
Arvind Arul Nambi Rajan , Erica J. Hutchins
{"title":"Post-transcriptional regulation as a conserved driver of neural crest and cancer-cell migration","authors":"Arvind Arul Nambi Rajan ,&nbsp;Erica J. Hutchins","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cells have evolved mechanisms to migrate for diverse biological functions. A process frequently deployed during metazoan cell migration is the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). During EMT, adherent epithelial cells undergo coordinated cellular transitions to mesenchymalize and reduce their intercellular attachments. This is achieved via tightly regulated changes in gene expression, which modulates cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion to allow movement. The acquisition of motility and invasive properties following EMT allows some mesenchymal cells to migrate through complex environments to form tissues during embryogenesis; however, these processes may also be leveraged by cancer cells, which often co-opt these endogenous programs to metastasize. Post-transcriptional regulation is now emerging as a major conserved mechanism by which cells modulate EMT and migration, which we discuss here in the context of vertebrate development and cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102400"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955067424000796/pdfft?md5=be1fca7a8af30543778d255713af0dd5&pid=1-s2.0-S0955067424000796-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Roles of membrane mechanics-mediated feedback in membrane traffic 膜力学反馈在膜交通中的作用
IF 6 2区 生物学
Current Opinion in Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102401
Jian Liu
{"title":"Roles of membrane mechanics-mediated feedback in membrane traffic","authors":"Jian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Synthesizing the recent progresses, we present our perspectives on how local modulations of membrane curvature, tension, and bending energy define the feedback controls over membrane traffic processes. We speculate the potential mechanisms of, and the control logic behind, the different membrane mechanics-mediated feedback in endocytosis and exo-endocytosis coupling. We elaborate the path forward with the open questions for theoretical considerations and the grand challenges for experimental validations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 102401"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141630838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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