Apical constriction in morphogenesis: From actomyosin architecture to regulatory networks

Abstract

Apical constriction is a key morphogenetic process driving tissue remodelling throughout life, including early developmental events. Once thought to occur through uniform actomyosin ring contraction, it is now recognized as a dynamic process with diverse actomyosin architectures across species, tissues, and cell types. Regulation of apical constriction involves multiple scales, from tissue mechanics to junctional remodelling and protein trafficking. New studies are revealing how this process is controlled through actomyosin cortex organization, cytoskeletal–junctional interactions, and junctional protein levels. Considering how variable actomyosin structures are integrated with emerging regulatory pathways across different models will be crucial. Advances in in vivo live imaging promise deeper insights into the regulatory networks coordinating actomyosin dynamics and apical constriction, shedding light on its role in shaping tissues during development.