Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour最新文献

{"title":"Navigating the future of trucking: Systematic review of human-machine interfaces for automated trucks","authors":"Jaji Pamarthi,&nbsp;Helen Tang,&nbsp;Honon Lee,&nbsp;Shannon Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The trucking industry is experiencing a transformative shift toward automation. This evolution has the potential to improve safety, efficiency, and productivity; however, it also requires careful design of the Human-Machine Interface (HMI). As varying levels of automation and automated driving features become more common, truck drivers' roles are being redefined, posing trust and system effectiveness challenges with automation. Additional challenges arise in automated vehicle interactions, particularly in effectively communicating status and intent to other road users using external HMIs. This paper conducts a systematic literature review on HMIs in truck automation and broadly synthesizes findings to make comprehensive HMI design recommendations. The key findings include the importance of intuitive visual displays for driver comprehension during platooning maneuvers, as well as the need for dynamic HMIs to improve situational awareness during the transition from manual to automated driving. Furthermore, it shows that clear auditory and haptic feedback during critical events can increase driver trust and system reliability, which may result in safer automated truck operations. This study helps inform future HMI implementations by identifying research gaps and recommendations to improve automation integration in trucking operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103758"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148638992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance and predictive role of human values in pedestrian and cyclist interactions with automated vehicles","authors":"Josephine Halama,&nbsp;Jakob Siegmund,&nbsp;Angelika Bullinger-Hoffmann,&nbsp;Stefan Brandenburg","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As vehicle automation increases, vulnerable road users (VRUs) will need to negotiate right-of-way with level 4 and level 5 automated vehicles (AVs). Designing safe and comfortable interactions, therefore, requires a clear understanding of which human values are relevant for VRUs in such encounters. However, existing research lacks a comprehensive overview of relevant values, clear methods for quantifying them in concrete interaction scenarios, and evidence of their predictive role. To address these gaps, the present video-based laboratory study investigated VRU–vehicle interactions in a bottleneck scenario. Participants took the role of a pedestrian (<em>nₚ</em> = 60) or a cyclist (<em>n</em>_<em>c</em> = 65; between-subjects factor) while interacting with an automated or a manual vehicle (within-subjects factor) and with or without another VRU (within-subjects factor). Value relevance was assessed quantitatively through ratings of value definitions and qualitatively by mapping values to participants' explanations of their behavioural intentions. The results show that a range of values, including comprehensibility, integrity, self-efficacy, and relaxedness, are relevant to VRU–AV interactions and should be considered in AV design. However, the predictive power of values for VRUs' behavioural intention was limited. Instead, participants' situation-independent decision preferences to wait or not wait were the strongest predictor of behavioural intention. These findings highlight the relevance of values for understanding VRU–AV interactions while indicating that their predictive power requires further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103734"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148638926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From socio-psychological beliefs to urban policy: modelling cycling intention among non-users in Mexico City using SEM-MIMIC and COM-B approaches","authors":"Camilo Alberto Caudillo Cos,&nbsp;Magda Cepeda Zorrilla,&nbsp;Ruth Pérez-López","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research examines the determinants of cycling adoption intention among 983 non-bicycle users in Mexico City. We applied the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) within an SEM-MIMIC framework, and using Bayesian informative hypothesis testing, we discovered key socio-psychological and contextual drivers. The results show that behavioural and normative beliefs are significant positive predictors, while being female and having long travel times are deterrents—with travel time proving to be the stronger negative influence. To translate the results into policy, we mapped the results were onto the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM<img>B) framework. This analysis shows that increasing adoption requires a multi-pronged approach: urban cycling courses to enhance psychological capability and motivation, particularly for women, and financial incentives for e-bikes to improve physical opportunity by overcoming the spatial barriers of travel time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103763"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148659090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mind wandering under level 2 automation: Associations with trust in automation and automated driving style","authors":"Tiecheng Ding,&nbsp;Jinyi Zhi,&nbsp;Sen Peng,&nbsp;Long Ling,&nbsp;Dong Yu,&nbsp;Zhengbei Niu,&nbsp;Pengfei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Level 2 automated driving requires continuous driver supervision, making mind wandering a potential safety concern. This study examined how trust in automation and automated driving style were associated with mind wandering during prolonged highway driving and whether these associations changed over time. Forty licensed drivers in high-trust and low-trust conditions experienced both defensive and aggressive styles in a fixed-base simulator. Mind wandering was the primary outcome, while emotional valence, arousal, subjective workload, and system acceptance were secondary indicators. Mixed-design analyses compared overall mind-wandering rates, and generalized estimating equations modelled changes in the probability of mind wandering over time. Participants in the high-trust condition showed a higher overall mind-wandering rate than those in the low-trust condition. The aggressive style was associated with a lower overall rate than the defensive style, although the overall interaction between trust in automation and automated driving style was not significant. Emotional valence, arousal, and system acceptance also varied across conditions. The probability of mind wandering increased over time, and both the interaction between driving style and time and the interaction among trust, driving style, and time were significant. Overall, trust in automation showed a clear association with the overall level of mind wandering, whereas the association between automated driving style and mind wandering was more conditional and time dependent. These findings suggest that efforts to address mind wandering should consider both trust calibration and changes over time in the attentional value of automated vehicle behavior. This study adds evidence on factors associated with mind wandering in L2 automated driving and provides a basis for future work on related interventions and interface design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148771878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naturalistic driving analysis of situational, behavioral, and psychosocial determinants of visual-manual phone engagement","authors":"Rashmi P. Payyanadan,&nbsp;Josh Domeyer,&nbsp;Linda S. Angell","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phone use while driving, particularly visual-manual phone engagement (VMPE) like texting, dialling, and browsing, can significantly increase crash likelihood due to prolonged diversion of attention from the driving task. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the circumstances surrounding VMPE, whether different types of VMPE are initiated in different contexts, and whether different driver types have distinct VMPE patterns. Additionally, there is limited understanding of drivers' VMPE across entire trips. This study analyzed naturalistic driving data from 44 drivers collected over a three-week period. The data encompassed 557 full trips, driving kinematics, VMPEs, driving context, driver demographics, and psychosocial factors. The study aimed to predict the onset of VMPE as a function of driving context and driver-related variables. Results showed that the largest contributions to VMPE onset prediction was the interaction between driving context, and a set of driver-related variables (i.e., driver's attitudes, injunctive norms, and perceived behavioral control toward speeding and phone use). Specifically, drivers with positive attitudes, injunctive norms, and perceived behavioral control toward speeding and phone use were more likely to engage in VMPE in certain driving contexts, such as, while waiting in traffic, during morning drives with low traffic, and during trips that had limited idling. VMPE driver profiles revealed three types: Consistent Context-Independent VMPE, Selective Context-Specific VMPE, and Minimal VMPE. Together, these findings highlight the interplay between context and the driver's psychosocial factors, which influence their VMPE. They emphasize the importance of considering driver characteristics when designing interventions specifically aimed at reducing VMPE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103791"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148844582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the formation mechanisms of aberrant driving behaviors among truck drivers: An integrated TPB–SCT framework","authors":"Muladi Baikejuli,&nbsp;Xuejing Wang,&nbsp;Ruimin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Truck-involved crashes represent a persistent challenge to global road safety, with drivers' aberrant driving behaviors (ADBs) identified as a primary contributing factor. To address the limitations of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in capturing the complexity of high-constraint occupational settings, this study develops an integrated TPB–Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) framework to examine the mechanisms underlying ADBs. The model incorporates regulatory cognition (legal literacy), behavioral capability (driving skill), and risk perception, alongside key contextual influences, including occupational characteristics (driving intensity, safety policy) and environmental conditions (road monotony, facilitating circumstances, and adverse weather). Using survey data from 392 professional truck drivers and Structural Equation Modeling, the results reveal a differentiated mechanism structure. Legal literacy emerges as the dominant determinant of behavioral intention, exerting the strongest total effect through both direct and indirect pathways by shaping attitudes and subjective norms. Notably, subjective norm and facilitating circumstances also significantly influence intention, whereas the direct effects of attitude and perceived behavioral control are not significant, indicating a context-dependent restructuring of TPB mechanisms under high external constraints. In addition, risk perception and driving skill contribute indirectly through cognitive and capability pathways, further reinforcing the system-level nature of ADB formation. Theoretically, this study extends the TPB by integrating SCT-informed constructs and identifying dual pathways—cognition-driven and capability-driven mechanisms—underlying ADBs. Practically, it advances a mechanism-informed intervention framework that targets regulatory knowledge, social norms, driver competence, and operational environments in an integrated manner, thereby providing actionable guidance for systemic safety management in road freight transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103795"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148951891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driver behaviour in can-scenarios: A new approach to assess situation awareness in automated driving","authors":"Barbara Metz,&nbsp;Nadja Schömig,&nbsp;Gerald Ackner,&nbsp;Alexandra Neukum","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When driving with highly automated driving functions, maintaining situation awareness is crucial for driving safety, especially at system boundaries. However, there is no widely accepted method of assessing situation awareness in automated driving, and the methods that are used often contradict each other. Data were collected in a driving simulator study involving 41 drivers using either a Level 3 or Level 2 highway system or driving manually. Various measures of situation awareness were recorded, including the widely used SAGAT approach, gaze behaviour, and subjective measures. Additionally, a newly developed approach for measuring situation awareness was used that involves evaluating driver behaviour in so-called can-scenarios. These are specifically designed situations in which a driver-initiated change in behaviour indicates an understanding of, and ability to handle, the situation. Higher situation awareness was found in subjective measures, gaze behaviour and driver behaviour during can-scenarios for L0 compared to L2 and for L2 compared to L3. However, there is no difference between the levels for SAGAT. These results suggest that SAGAT may not be suitable for assessing situation awareness in automated driving. Instead, the newly developed method of evaluating driver behaviour in specifically designed can-scenarios seems to be a promising approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103798"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal changes in secondary task engagement and system use during partially automated driving: a hybrid naturalistic study","authors":"Francesco Biondi,&nbsp;M.S. Praneet Sahoo,&nbsp;D. Strayer","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Partially automated driving systems that can control the vehicle's acceleration and lateral position are becoming increasingly common. On-road and driving simulator research suggest that the shift from vehicle operator to system supervisor occurring in partial automation may lead to greater disengagement and driver distraction. The naturalistic driving approach where drivers are observed during everyday driving is often considered more methodologically sound, yet naturalistic studies on partial automation use are sparse. This study bridges this gap by adopting a hybrid naturalistic driving method to investigate behavioural adaptations including system use and secondary task engagement resulting from operating Tesla's, Volvo's, and Nissan's partially automated systems for 7 weeks. Three conditions were considered for each vehicle: manual driving, partial automation use, and experimental control. Manual and partial automation conditions refer to when participants were left free to decide when to drive the vehicle in manual or partially automated mode, respectively (six days/week). The experimental control condition took place when participants had to drive the vehicle in manual mode with no option of using partial automation (one day/week). Engagement in secondary tasks including handheld phone use, consuming food or drinks, and browsing the phone was recorded through the adoption of an automated video-based machine vision system. Results showed that: automation use remained stable over time; an uptick in secondary engagement was observed over time, but no differences were found between the three conditions; no differences in secondary task engagement or automation use were observed between the three systems. Our data partly contradicts the existing literature on the human factors of partial automation use. It also underscores the need for more naturalistic research investigating temporal fluctuations in potentially distracting behaviours during partial automated driving.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103761"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148638934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The moderating influence of fatalistic traffic beliefs on pedestrians' risk perception and safe walking behaviour in Ghana","authors":"Enoch F. Sam,&nbsp;Wafa Elias,&nbsp;Prince Kwame Odame,&nbsp;Tor-Olav Nævestad,&nbsp;James Damsere-Derry,&nbsp;Gift Dumedah","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global and local traffic safety reports indicate that pedestrians account for a significant share of road traffic deaths and injuries, particularly in urban areas where vehicle-pedestrian encounters are frequent. Beyond infrastructure and policies, human factors such as fatalistic traffic beliefs and cultural superstitions (i.e. socio-cultural factors) also influence pedestrian safety. Understanding these socio-cultural factors is essential for designing effective safety campaigns and behavioural interventions. This study examined whether fatalistic beliefs moderate the relationship between risk perception and safe walking behaviour among pedestrians in Ghana. Using a cross-sectional survey of 1060 pedestrians in Accra and Kumasi and a moderation analysis, the study assessed the extent to which the influence of risk perception on walking behaviour varies across levels of fatalistic traffic beliefs. The results showed that risk perception was positively associated with safe walking behaviour, whereas fatalistic traffic beliefs had a weak positive association with it. The interaction between risk perception and fatalistic traffic beliefs was negative and statistically significant, suggesting that stronger fatalistic beliefs modestly weaken the positive relationship between risk perception and safe walking behaviour. Although the magnitude of the interaction effect was relatively small, the findings suggest that fatalistic traffic beliefs may influence how pedestrians translate perceived risk into behavioural responses. The study contributes to the growing literature on socio-cultural influences on road safety and highlights the potential value of considering fatalistic beliefs when designing context-specific pedestrian safety education and risk communication initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103782"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148771877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the impact of different warning methods on driving behavior and evaluation of warning effectiveness under low visibility conditions","authors":"Fang Wang,&nbsp;Liyi Sun,&nbsp;Shixiao Liu,&nbsp;Hao Yang,&nbsp;Tao He,&nbsp;Weijia Duan,&nbsp;Wen Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2026.103784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-visibility environments (such as sandstorms and fog) pose a critical risk to road traffic safety. This study replicates typical sandstorm scenarios on the Uma Expressway using a driving simulator, systematically investigating the impact of six types of warning facilities (variable message signs, fixed warning signs, variable speed limit signs, guiding signs, voice navigation, and smart road studs) on driver behavior. First, considering the spatial characteristics of different warning methods along sandstorm-prone sections, nine warning combinations were designed to address different phases of the driving process. Next, driving behavior data under each warning scenario were analyzed from three dimensions: speed adjustment, driving stability, and compliance behavior. Finally, the non-integer rank RSR method was employed to rank the scenarios, determining the optimal warning scheme for low-visibility conditions. Experimental results indicate that different warning schemes significantly influence driver behavior in multiple dimensions. The scheme GK notably optimized driving patterns: average speed decreased by 63.7%, secondary acceleration frequency dropped to 33.33%, steady driving rate increased to 60%, and steering wheel angle variance reached the lowest fluctuation, achieving 100% lane-change anticipation. With an overall score of 0.946, it emerged as the optimal scheme. This suggests that providing effective warning information in advance on low-visibility highway sections is an effective measure to enhance service levels and ensure driving safety. The proposed framework for warning schemes can be extended to optimize traffic safety facilities under compound weather conditions such as fog and heavy rain, offering theoretical support and technical pathways for advancing highway proactive safety measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 103784"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148844583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}